[ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2150, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:32:27+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3858", "o:id": 3858 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3858", "o:id": 3858 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3035", "o:id": 3035 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4080", "o:id": 4080 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4081", "o:id": 4081 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0103" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/fornsok/lamning/7a38c090-5303-42d2-9e1e-75594a5aef6e", "o:label": "Fornsök" }, { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://www.kringla.nu/kringla/objekt?itemNumber=L1976:2923&referens=raa/lamning/7a38c090-5303-42d2-9e1e-75594a5aef6e", "o:label": "Kringla" }, { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://digitaltmuseum.se/0210213398714/bildsten", "o:label": "Digitalt Museum" }, { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/7a38c090-5303-42d2-9e1e-75594a5aef6e", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Häbbnautet – a meadow near Smiss gård (farmstead) in Garda socken. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda Smiss" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Smiss I i en äng vid uppodling." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Pehr Arvid Säve’s “Gotländska Samlingar” II (1887), the stone was found in 1873, together with GP 96 Garda Smiss I, in a meadow called Häbbnautet which is located near Smiss (towards Ansarve). During an investigation in 1978, however, the find place could not be verified (according to the RAÄ inventory book 1978-06-14). According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964), picture stones of the cist stone Type, to which the stone from Smiss certainly belongs (see IX), were used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab has a thickness of about 10 cm at the upper and the lower part; however, the stone is slightly less thick. It is 0.74 m high, 0.51 m wide at its basis and 0.46 m wide at its upper corners. The main rectangular picture field has a size of 0.31 x 0.25 m. The picture stone’s root is approx. 0.22 m high. The monument is almost completely preserved; only a very small part of its root seems to be broken off. \n\nThe decorated surface is relatively flat; however, the lower right part of the main picture field is very weathered and rougher than the rest of it. Apparently, at some time, this part was more exposed to moisture. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "74" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "46" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The grooves left by the chisel in order to mark the background plane are clearly visible in the left half and upper part of the surface. However, the relief figures are less than a millimetre high and thus hard to identify. In addition, the right part of the depiction in the main field is weathered and almost obliterated. \n\nThe small head part of the cist stone is decorated with a horizontal row of triangles or a zigzag pattern. The depiction in the rectangular main field of the stone remains completely unclear in Olof Sörling’s drawing, which is the only image of the stone published in “Gotlands Bildsteine”. It was described by Sune Lindqvist as an unclear ribbon pattern, probably carved by a “bungler” (Lindqvist 1964, 66). A photo of the stone without paint is published by Lindqvist in 1964 (fig. 19), showing the grooves of the chisel and the weathered surface of the right part quite well. A photo of the painted stone dating to 1933, however, is kept in ATA. It shows a much more detailed view of the ribbon-like elements in the left part of the simply framed picture field as well as a larger, possibly anthropomorphic figure in the centre. Above this assumed figure a roughly circular ribbon can be seen. \n\nAccording to Sigmund Oehrl (2019, pp. 243–245), who re-examined the stone and analysed it based on 3D- and RTI-documentation, the figure in the centre represents a man with horned headgear, depicted en face, and the ribbon-like elements must be understood as a pair of bent spears crossing each other. In addition, according to Oehrl, the man holds two short staff-shaped objects in his right hand, crossing each other as well, forming a Saint Andrew’s cross. Thus, the carving represents a known motif which can also be observed on Viking Age coins, the Oseberg tapestry, and a silver figurine from Ekhammar in Uppland (Oehrl 2019, pl. 294a–e). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The horned warrior is a rare feature in the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones. A horned man escorting a ship, however, can definitively be seen on the Vendel/Viking Age fragment GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2 and probably also on the large type D cist stone GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. Beyond that, the motif occurs frequently in Vendel and Viking Period art (the corpus is collected by Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 140–146). It is very likely that these figures represent a Norse deity (detailed, with literature and sources: Oehrl 2017; Oehrl 2019, pp. 233–242). That they can represent the god Wodan/Óðinn seems to be shown by the fact that some of them are one-eyed, like the so called ʻweapon dancerʼ on one of the Torslunda models (Arrhenius/Freij 1992, p. 76, fig. 6; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 168). Óðinn is described as one-eyed in Skaldic and Eddic poetry since the 10th century. The horned and one-eyed figure from Torslunda is accompanied by a warrior with a wolf-like animal mask, reminiscent of the úlfheðnar – animal warriors mentioned in early Skaldic poetry who, according to Snorri Sturlusson’s Ynglinga saga, are closely linked to the god Óðinn (Samson 2011; 2020). On Vendel Period helmet plates, a small horned warrior of that kind is hovering behind a horse rider, like an eidolon, assisting him in throwing his spear, acting as divine helper in battle. This motif seems to be inspired by Roman depictions of the numen victoriae (Hauck 1981). It can be connected to Old Norse written sources (Beck 1964, pp. 31–45) like the Skaldic poem Gráfeldardrápa written by Glúmr Geirason (after 974), which tells that the gods guide or steer (stýra) the heroes on the battlefield. In the Eddic poem Hlǫðskviða stanza 28 (probably 9th century) the King of the Goths invokes Óðinn, god of war and father of the fallen, to steer his throwing spear (láti svá Óðinn flein fliúga – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 309). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The slab represents a picture stone with gavel-like, wave-shaped upper edge, a so-called cist stone. Thus, the stone could be interpreted as one of two stones marking a burial at the head and foot end or as a stone cist consisting of four slabs, representing either a grave marker or a kind of sacrificial cist (Lindqvist 1964). Most cist stones represent late-type picture stones, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E according to Lindqvist. There is only a very small number of Type B cist stones known to date (see in particular Halla Broa V–VI). According to Lindqvist, the cist stone from Garda Smiss most likely represents a Type C stone but could also be assigned to ʻAbschnittʼ D, however, without giving sufficient reasons (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 48, 50). As a result, the stone can only be roughly dated between the 8th and 10th centuries. The most striking parallels concerning the probable picture motif date to the 9th and 10th centuries. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190", "value_resource_id": 2190, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2190", "display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2191", "value_resource_id": 2191, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2191", "display_title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0145.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Cist stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47, fig. 355; 1964, p. 66, fig. 19; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 242–245, pls. 288a–293c. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:2923" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garde 19:3" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda, Smiss II" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA3644" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4531", "value_resource_id": 4531, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4531", "display_title": "3D Model GP0103", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103_DEPTH.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine limestone without reef debris" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (40%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats\nFunnen 1873 på ängen ʻHäbbnautetʼ i närheten av Smiss i Garda socken.\n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats\nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg.\n\nBeskrivning\nVågformad platta av 74.5 m höjd, så kallad kiststen som förmodligen har varit del av en gravkonstruktion eller ett kistliknande monument. \nYtan är vittrad och reliefen är mindre än en millimeter djup. Möjligen rester av en mansfigur med stora horn på huvudet.\n\nDatering\nMellan 700- och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid).\n\nTolkning\nMansfigurer med horn respektive hornhjälm förekommer ofta i vikingatidens och vendeltidens konst. Motiven brukar tolkas som guden Oden. Se GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2.\n\nSO" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "staff" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "frontal" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horn" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6357731" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "714954" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAMvJKsaw6dTJqaZQN4rYm_AR1US9fNJMyBoijArjQ67Bc?e=LV6nyh" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2384", "o:title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2601", "o:title": "GP 557 Väskinde kyrka III" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2384", "o:title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4531", "o:title": "3D Model GP0103" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:mapping": { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mappings/2", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Map", "o:id": 2, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "o:id": 2150 }, "o-module-mapping:bounds": "18.567685782909397,57.311421353681844,18.57094466686249,57.312145640296066" }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/116", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 116, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "o:id": 2150 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.3117836592701, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.56931736872457, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2156", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2156, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:38:27+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3862", "o:id": 3862 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3862", "o:id": 3862 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0109" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/7a69b6ce-cd69-4e88-b69e-e0fe4f047493", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen som golvsten i en nisch på östra sidan av muröppningen mellan kor och sakristia." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the church, incorporated into a niche." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I som golvsten mellan kor och sakristia." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Fragment, installed as bottom slab in a niche on the east side of the wall opening between choir and sacristy. The obverse is facing upwards and is partially hidden by the masonry. The hewn, whitewashed stone forming the lintel of the same niche possibly is another piece of the same picture stone. The stone was first observed by E. Lundmark” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48). According to the 1977 inventory, a glass case was placed over the stone. In “Sveriges Kyrkor” (Roosval 1947, p. 101) it is said that faint remains of carvings are discernible on the plastered lintel stone as well; however, they have not been checked yet. More picture stones have been found in the ceiling of the stairway in the northern wall of the choir (GP 108 Gothem kyrka I [A]), in the floor of the sacristy (GP 110 Gothem kyrka III), and in the floor of the choir, just in front of the altar (GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4). \n\nThe choir and the sacristy are the oldest parts of the current building, erected in the early 13th century (Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 146–147; cf. Andrén 2011, pp. 184–186). They replaced an earlier Romanesque choir from the 12th century, parts of which have been found under the floor during a restoration in 1949/50 (Lagerlöf 1964). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2155", "value_resource_id": 2155, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2155", "display_title": "GP 108 Gothem kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/45333e2f280380cafe968c28720045747b6ef81a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0108.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2158", "value_resource_id": 2158, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2158", "display_title": "GP0111", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b7ec6b89a9c25ebf69b3765d21cd47ae99bfa2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0111.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 11 cm thick, its visible part measures about 60 x 70 cm. The obverse is relatively even but slightly pitted. The decoration is well preserved, executed in “finely carved lines and slightly chiseled grooves in the rhombic pattern of the sail” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "60" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "11" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The only available documentation of the carvings so far was a drawing by Olof Sörling from about 1910 (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 357). “The imagery includes a sail with rhombic pattern on a mast that has stays on both sides, indistinct remains of sheet ropes and probably of one crewmember as well as inner parts of the left border” (ibid. p. 48). \n\nThe outlines of the rhombi are chiseled into the stone. The intersections of these grooves are marked with tiny, raised rhombi. This elaborate design can also be seen on, for instance, GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I; GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII; GP 162 Halla Broa IV. Two ropes are running obliquely across the sail, towards the upper part of the mast (stays). Another two sheets are running from both sides of the mast to the lower framing of the sail (middle sheet, cf. GP 90 Fröjel kyrka, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I and others). Further sheets are discernable below the sail, probably held by a crewman who is not preserved. Only remains of one crew member could be detected in the lower left corner. The inner frame of the left border is preserved as well. Above the sail, there might have been a horizontal divider. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137", "value_resource_id": 2137, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2137", "display_title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0090.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even though a mushroom-shape of the monument is not preserved, its carving technique and image motif clearly indicate a late-type picture stone, which means ʻAbschnittʼ C–E. Those monuments can be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and around AD 1100. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns the stone from Gothem to ʻAbschnittʼ C, which he dates to around AD 700. Recent research, however, tends to date the Type C/D picture stones to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and AD 1000. According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction on the Gothem stone belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48, fig. 357; Roosval 1947, p. 101. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:8941" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem 189:4" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem, Kirche II" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4641", "value_resource_id": 4641, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4641", "display_title": "3D model for GP0109", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0109_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "72" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen avbildad första gången omkring 1910. Placerad i en nisch i den norra muren av koret i Gothems kyrka \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma plats som när bildstenen avbildades första gången. \n\nBeskrivning \nTillhugget fragment av en svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 70 x 60 cm. Delar av ett segel, en mast, en rigg och en besättningsman synliga. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "polygon" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6387595" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "723311" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6387595" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "723311" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA8I1CtCsEJTJ9aBiDuNuyKAe06zk3eAccRVwf0u3zPGkE?e=eVyaLR" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2155", "o:title": "GP 108 Gothem kyrka I" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4641", "o:title": "3D model for GP0109" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/121", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 121, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2156", "o:id": 2156 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.57547208222266, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.73497711416826, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2060, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:07+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T09:37:10+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3863", "o:id": 3863 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3863", "o:id": 3863 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0013" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "On a property called ʻBopparveʼ in Alva parish, owned by Alva prästgården." } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Alva" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Alva Bopparve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "\"Funnen ca 10 m öster om skiftesväg mellan St kruse och Änge i Alva på skiftet Bopparve\" (Lindqvist 1962:17)" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Lindqvistʼs brief report (1962, p. 17), the stone was discovered by the farmer Tryggve Stumle from Alva around 10 m east of a farm road between St. Kruse and Änge in Alva parish, on a property called ʻBopparveʼ, and donated to Gotlands Museum in 1958. ʻBopparveʼ is a field name, not a name of a farmstead. The land is owned by Alva prästgården. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Remarkably, the picture stone is made of sandstone, which is of poor quality (Lindqvist 1962, p. 17). The thickness of the slab is 6–8 cm at the bottom and about 4 cm at the top. The width of the monument is 47 cm both between the corners of the head and at the stone’s base. Its height is 59 cm between the lower edge of the image field and the top of the stone, and 74 cm including the preserved left-hand corner of the root. Most of the root as well as a very small part of lower right-hand corner of the image field are broken off. The obverse has many natural pits and grime, and shows traces of weathering (ibid.). However, most of the bas-relief carvings are still discernible. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "74" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "47" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "4-8" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Sandstone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint and described by Lindqvist (1962, p. 17–19). Remains of the border decoration, which is 6–8 cm wide, are partly discernable, however, Lindqvist did not dare to reconstruct it. The image field depicts a sailing ship with towering stems and a slightly curved keel line. The ship’s hull is filling the lower half of the stone, while the sail is placed in the head field of the stone. The rectangular, framed sail features a rhombic pattern with carved and raised fields alternating. Three crewmen with round shields are placed on board of the vessel. The man right of the mast lacks clear contours, but the profiles of the other two men, left of the mast, with long hair and profiled faces, are quite clear. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1962, p. 17) regards the dwarf stone as an ʻAbschnitt Cʼ monument, dating it to around AD 700. In Jan Peder Lamm’s list, however, it is labelled as Middle Type (Type B) picture stone, which suggests a date of AD 500 to 700 (which is adopted by Guber 2011, pp. 50, 110), while in the text of the same book written by Erik Nylén, it is dated to AD 700 to 800 (Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 137, 180). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on the Bopparve stone to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. According to Imer (2004, pp. 97–98, 104), the stone must be dated earlier than other Type C/D stones, presumably to the early 8th century. \n\nOehrl regards the stone (as well as GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje) as a late Type B stone, perhaps representing a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dated to the 8th century or even later (2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227). However, the only features in common with Type B are the small size of the stone and the lack of separation of the image field. There is hardly any reason to categorize mushroom-shaped stones as other than Type C/D stones, as they feature typical Late Type imagery and can thus be dated to the 8th to 10th centuries. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126", "value_resource_id": 2126, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2126", "display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1962, pp. 17–19, fig. 9; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 136–137; Imer 2004, pp. 97–98, 104, fig. 3; Guber 2011, pp. 50, 110 cat. no. 1; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227–228, 231, pls. 2i, 275b. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC10126" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4547", "value_resource_id": 4547, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4547", "display_title": "3D model for GP0013", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0013_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "9" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hemse Group (40%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på ägan Bopparve, som tillhör Alva prästgård. Stenen donerades till Gotlands museum 1958 av upphittaren. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nUtställd i Bildstenshallen på Gotlands museum. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten av sandsten (sen period B), 59 cm hög och största bredd 47 cm. Stenen är väderbiten, men ett skepp med segel och tre besättningsmän med runda sköldar kan urskiljas, liksom spår av kantdekor. \n\nStor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 3,25 m hög och största bredd 1,75 m. På nedre delen av bildstenen vågor, ett stort skepp med segel, en stående besättning med sköldar och spjut stående i aktern. Under styråran en symbol med tre trianglar. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör övergångsperioden B-C/D, troligen från 700-talet, kanske senare. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB7hcwbP4fCRpgvzuWt21isAQs6SJK2KVqO7OE2PyIGIMo?e=D8cGci" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2059", "o:title": "GP 12 Alva Gudings" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2126", "o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212", "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4547", "o:title": "3D model for GP0013" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2191", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2191, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:02:13+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4196", "o:id": 4196 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4196", "o:id": 4196 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0145" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, probably re-used as part of a Viking Age grave. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen i grav tilsammans med Broa V. I en grav med ringspännen." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma–Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N-S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’s graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nAccording to information given in a report about new acquisitions of SHM during the year 1906, the picture stones Halla Broa V–VI were found “[…] in a grave, from which two or three years ago finds (ring brooches) had been sent (cf. Inv. 11939, 11987, or 12087)” (Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The mentioned numbers represent Viking Period grave inventories, among them ring brooches dating to the 10th and 11th centuries (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 316–318; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12). Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 40) states that the picture stones were found as building material in a Viking Age stone mound. According to a letter by Wennersten from 1905-03-07 (ATA Go Halla sn, Broa vol. III), the stones were found some years before by the landowner Vilhelm Olsson on his property, probably on a field called ʻStrandbergsåkerʼ. Two gravklot were found on this occasion as well. The find spot, where former landowners had already found many graves, is situated about 50 m east of the road to Halla and about 100 m north of the road to Sjonhem (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 378), i.e., close to the area RAÄ Halla 46:1. However, Wennersten was not able to reconstruct the original arrangement and the relation of both stone slabs to each other. Surprisingly, Wennersten’s letter from 1905 does not mention that the stones were incorporated into a mound (Stenqvist 2014, p. 12). \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), small picture stones such as Halla Broa V–VI, featuring a wave-shaped upper edge (cist stones), were originally used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). See IX. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190", "value_resource_id": 2190, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2190", "display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 11 cm thick. The obverse even, but with considerable bulges. The narrow sides are diverging towards the top and hewn at about right angles towards the obverse, the top side is hewn and rounded towards both the obverse and the reverse, without recognisable chamfer. The total height is 57 cm, of which 25 cm are above the lower edge of the decoration, the width between the upper corners is 37 cm. Decorated with chiselled lines 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep that form a border” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The stone is completely preserved, including the large root. The border decoration is clearly discernible, while some remains of carvings in the main field are very faint and hard to determine. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "57" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone is framed by a border with a coarse step pattern, typical for middle-type picture stones (ʻAbschnittʼ B), which Lindqvist interprets as simplified twisted-cord. In the main field, according to Lindqvist, “[…] the remains of human figures etc. can be seen” (1941/42 II, p. 62). The photo of the painted stone provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I. fig. 44, dating to 1937) as well as a drawing by Olof Sörling from 1911, kept in ATA’s Run och bildstenssamling, possibly show the legs and feet of a man in the right half of the image field, and perhaps the head and further scattered parts of a second human figure in the left half. A small box-like square appears to be placed on the bottom line of the field, approimately. in its middle. However, this interpretation is uncertain. It cannot be ruled out that these lines represent the remains of a geometrical pattern instead, similar to the border decoration. Another drawing by Sörling, which was published in Fornvännen 1906, fig. 7, does not consider these carvings at all but shows an empty field. Photos of the unpainted stone (1933) and Sörling’s drawings are kept in ATA’s as well. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The typical outline of a small gabel-like slab with wave-shaped upper edge, a so-called cist stone, is completely preserved. In most cases, those stones represent late-type monuments, belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Due to the small size and the typical border decoration of Halla Broa V–VI, however, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38, 40) assigns both stones to ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating to AD 500–700. They are the only cist stones that Lindqvist assigned to ʻAbschnittʼ B. However, already in “Gotlands Bildsteine” he remarked that their original function as parts of a cist-shaped (sacrificial) monument, which consists of four slabs, remains uncertain (ibid.). In his 1964 (p. 42) study about “Forngutniska Altaren” Lindqvist does not regard Halla Broa V–VI as ʻcist stonesʼ in the narrow sense anymore, preferring the term “slabs with cist-stone-outline”. Instead, he believes that they were grave markers that were placed at the head and the foot end of a grave, with their roots forming an underground stone cist (1964, p. 42). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190", "value_resource_id": 2190, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2190", "display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Cist stone" }, { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210, fig. 6; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 38, 40, fig. 44; II, pp. 62; 1964, 42, fig. 13; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12; Stenqvist 2014, p. 12, fig. 16; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 32. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa VI" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4677", "value_resource_id": 4677, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4677", "display_title": "3D model for GP0145", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0145_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "106" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "12709" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1906 som sekundärt byggnadsmaterial i en vikingatida grav på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 57 x 37 cm, med kantdekoration och ett bildfält med spår av stående människor. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700.\n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "leg" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "foot" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "extremity" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "head" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "polygon" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAph8KOgxImS67ABE1uezARAdltzlxzpyiotp1ymaTDNKM?e=7B5HzP" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2190", "o:title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2128", "o:title": "GP 81 Fole Änge 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2190", "o:title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2194", "o:title": "GP 148 Halla Broa XIX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285", "o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2286", "o:title": "GP 240 Lokrume Tomase II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2287", "o:title": "GP 241 Lokrume Tomase III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2288", "o:title": "GP 242 Lokrume Tomase IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2289", "o:title": "GP 243 Lokrume Tomase V" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297", "o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4677", "o:title": "3D model for GP0145" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2196", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2196, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:05:43+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201", "o:id": 4201 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201", "o:id": 4201 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0150" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, next to the old railway line; the fragment was found in the stone cover of a burial mound. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på en nybyggd tomt till höger om järnvägsspåret, alldeles vid järnvägsbommen i trekanten. Vid röjade av gravhög." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, investigating 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to a report letter from 1917-07-17 kept in ATA (Go Halla sn M–Ö, dnr 709-1917; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65), Wennersten states that the picture stone Halla Broa XVI was “found on a newly built-on property to the right of the railway tracks, when travelling south from the train station Roma, just next to the level crossing in the triangle formed by the country road from Roma, the road to Viklau, and Gotlands railway line. […] [It] came to light two years ago when some workers, who had been commissioned by Hans Hansson to clear a burial mound from its grass cover until he would be back shortly afterwards, in doing so uncovered the stone. The picture stone lay there between other stone pieces; when I was there, it had lain with the obverse upwards in the open air for two years.” " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab represents the entire body and root of a small mushroom-shaped picture stone, which is now missing its head. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse but for the most part only roughly worked. The stone has a height of 75 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. The width of the neck is 32 cm, that of the base 45 m. The slab is about 10 cm thick (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65–66). There are no serious signs of weathering, abrasion or damage to be observed on the stone’s surface. However, the images are not easy to discern. The decoration is executed with fine lines, while the background fields are slightly chiselled, not more than 1 mm deep (ibid. fig. 396; ATA 494:9a; 1718:22). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "75" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 65–66) describes the carvings in the following way: “Within the border, which is up to 6 cm wide, an interwoven band pattern. In the panel above a horizontal bar at the neck, the legs of a running horse can be seen, which indicates that the stone’s head was filled with the image of horse and rider. Just below the horizontal bar, three persons can be perceived in a low panel, of whom the middle one appears to be shown in a sitting position […]. Below this, there is a ship with rounded, towering stems and rectangular sail with rhombic pattern on a mast, on which probably are attached one stay from the left (prow?) and two from the right. A rudder may have been near the indistinct stem on the right. Above the railing, the torsos of six crewmen, all facing left, jut out; they presumably are behind a row of shields attached to the railing. Below the ship, a row of waves is depicted, the crests of which are breaking to the left, and a final horizontal border.” \n\nIn Olof Sörling’s drawing of the stone dating to 1918 (ibid. fig. 394), the horizontal border below the waves represents a simplified twisted cord pattern, which cannot be identified on Lindqvist’s photo of the painted surface (ibid. fig. 395). Another notable difference between both pictures is the left stem of the ship, which in Sörling’s opinion seems to end in an animal head with open jaws. Sörling and Lindqvist basically agree about the three figures in the image panel above the ship’s sail. The man to the left (see also Oehrl 2019a, pls. 57e–h) is wearing a sword scabbard and stretching out his hand towards the middle figure, which could represent a human. The human figure to the right, whose gender remains unclear, lifts up its hand, holding up an indefinable object, probably a drinking vessel, less probably a weapon. Either the figure is sitting on a chair or wearing long garments. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 66) compares the figures in the panel above the ship with the uppermost panel of GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, which (according to Lindqvist’s painted version) depicts two warriors, flanking and apparently attacking a woman placed between them. This scene has been interpreted on the basis of heroic legend, as a case of abduction of a woman or the killing of King Jǫrmunrekr (Lindqvist 1941/42 I. p. 105; Gjessing 1943, p. 86). For more information see the regarding article about Lärbro St. Hammars I. \n\nIf the person in the right corner of the panel holds up a drinking vessel, the depiction could be compared to drinking scenes on other picture stones such as GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1. For their possible interpretation as drinking and oath taking ceremony or afterlife feasting, see articles cited by Oehrl (cf. Oehrl 2019a, pp. 172–174, 178). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone Halla Broa XVI to between AD 750 and 900. According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. The horizontal border beneath the waves is particularly remarkable. The simplified twisted cord (or step) pattern is typical for Type B picture stones and occurs rarely on late type monuments. A decorated horizontal border just above the root is also quite unusual. The only parallel is GP 149 Halla Broa IX, which is comparable to Halla Broa XVI in many respects. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2195", "value_resource_id": 2195, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2195", "display_title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dee08f2d52773427a99fc66c4cb90a4a0c103ccc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0149.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 105; II, pp. 65–66, figs. 394–396; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 608; Oehrl 2019a, p. 89, pls. 57e–h. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa XVI" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4682", "value_resource_id": 4682, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4682", "display_title": "3D model for GP0150", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0150_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "116" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "16239" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid röjning av en gravhög 1915 på det stora järnåldersgravfältet Broa i Halla. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformad bildsten (typ C-D), 75 x 45 cm, med kantdekor och tre olika bildfält. I det översta fältet spår av en springande häst, som förmodligen haft en ryttare. I det mittersta fältet tre människor varva den mittersta verkar sitta. I det nedersta fältet vågor och över vågorna ett skepp med segel och sex besättningsmän \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nOm djuret på bilden kan ses som en häst kan bilden tolkas som Sleipner som hoppar över ett hinder för att komma in i dödsriket. Om bilden i stället föreställer en hjort kan det finans en kristen bakgrund. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "legs" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sitting" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "torso" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield-row" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hand" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cup" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "chair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "running" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheath" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDmoKG2mLnVQI6hLyYTx-H9Ac0S_ikhUjJIJn16Cyy1Tnw?e=QKNg9r" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297", "o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4682", "o:title": "3D model for GP0150" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2203", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2203, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/2a2a3b0676159c85227020dfa144446840dee510.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/2a2a3b0676159c85227020dfa144446840dee510.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a2a3b0676159c85227020dfa144446840dee510.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:10:15+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4207", "o:id": 4207 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4207", "o:id": 4207 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0157" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery (on a field called ʻBrandenʼ) in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into the stone covering of a Viking Age burial. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Broa XI & XIII i en vikingatida grav (Lindqvist 1942:64). Funnen i gravhög på vagnmakare Otto Engströms tomt." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, firstly mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, and some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone fragment Halla Broa XII was found together with two other picture stones in 1915 by Hans Hanson during the examination of the burial mound Broe VI/1915, which was located on the property of the wheelwright Otto Engström (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331). According to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), the find spot is situated just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård (farm), in an area called ʻBrandenʼ, where several other picture stones were found. “Under a low earthen mound, a stone setting was discovered that had a diameter of 4.75 m, was free of earth, and consisted of limestone chunks and boulders. In the upper stone layer, without any apparent order, there were three picture stones, two of which ([Halla Broa] XI and XII) lay at the western edge, the third ([Halla Broa] XIII) at the eastern edge. The latter stone was in a slanted standing position. Under this layer of stones, a circle of limestone slabs, with an outer diameter of 3.5 m, was encountered, with a large boulder in its centre. Under this were another layer of smaller stones and finally the skeleton of a man” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The inhumation grave was undisturbed, with the head of the dead lying in the south. Among the furnishings (SHM 15601:2) were a penannular brooch of bronze, a bronze strap buckle, strap end, and strap joiner, a green glass bead, a knife, and a comb with case (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153). The burial can be dated to the 10th century. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2202", "value_resource_id": 2202, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2202", "display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2209", "value_resource_id": 2209, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2209", "display_title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7773650c33496572c3dfc4d49c53a09c436707e4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0163.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides partially hewn, generally chamfered towards the back. The reverse rough and unworked. Width of the head 52 cm, its height 29 cm, total preserved height of the stone 52 cm, width of the neck 44 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The fragment represents the complete head of a mushroom-shaped picture stone, including a section of the neck. Only a few very small broken-off parts are visible at the upper edge. The surface is not much weathered. At least when applying oblique light most of the carvings are well discernible. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "52" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "52" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (II, figs. 385, 392) provides a drawing by Olof Sörling as well as a photo of the unpainted stone (cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 482:9; 494:6a; 1718:9b). Sörling’s drawing depicts the carvings as described by Lindqvist (ibid. p. 64): “Decorated with thin, carved lines with rounded bottoms. The background field generally is chiselled in the usual fashion, only in the narrow horizontal belt below the ship, it instead is covered crosslines (oars of the sailing ship??) that are at a distance of about 1 cm from each other, but slightly converge towards the top. Within an 8–10 cm wide framing border, which appears to have contained a simplified twisted cord pattern, and above a horizontal bar (border?) at the neck, there is a ship with (at least on the left) a towering stem and a slightly curved keel line as well as a chequered sail with rectilinear framing on three sides, the upper edge of which is convex and runs along the framing border. Above the railing and to the left of the mast, the torso of a crewman (turned to the left??) can be seen. The ship appears to be in an unusually slanting position, but otherwise probably belongs to a common type.” If Lindqvist’s interpretation of the mentioned crosslines as row of oars is correct, Halla Broa XII is the only known picture stone depicting the sail and the oars of a ship at the same time (1941/42 I, p. 73). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38), the monument represents a Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The simple ship, which is placed in the stone’s head field, as on many other Type B monuments, seems to be the only indication considered by him. Lindqvist assigns the vessel to his Rikvidetypus (ibid. p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3/4. Dwarf 3 belongs to Rundkvist’s period 3, corresponding with the Middle Vendel Period. Dwarf 4, however, occurs in the periods 4–7, which means between the Late Vendel Period and the Late Viking Period (8th to 11th century). \n\nAs a matter of fact, the shape of the almost semi-circular head with slightly pronounced corners is typical for late-type (mushroom-shaped) picture stones. The position of the vessel in the head field, however, does not occur on late-type picture stones. Furthermore, the depiction of a ship’s crew does not necessarily indicate a Type C–E stone. A ship with crew can also be seen on the Type B picture stones GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, GP 13 Alva Bopparve, and perhaps GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII. However, the Larsarve stone and in particular Alva Bopparve have much in common with Type C–E stones and therefore have been regarded as late Type B monuments or transitional forms, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18). See also GP 79 Etelhem järnvägen. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "value_resource_id": 2124, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2124", "display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060", "value_resource_id": 2060, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2060", "display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2212", "value_resource_id": 2212, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2212", "display_title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0166.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126", "value_resource_id": 2126, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2126", "display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 66, 73; II, p. 64, figs. 385, 392; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153 cat. no. 13. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa XII" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4689", "value_resource_id": 4689, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4689", "display_title": "3D model for GP0157", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0157_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "112" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "15601" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1915 som sekundärt använt byggnadsmaterial i en gravhög från 900-talet på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 52 x 52 cm, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med ett skepp med ett segel och möjligen åror samtidigt. Troligen rester av en besättningsman vid masten. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "torso" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAZ6NstAPmnTq7rcgcr-tn9AcYfAwM-0olEzgmsLhteBVA?e=TUKU83" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202", "o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2209", "o:title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4689", "o:title": "3D model for GP0157" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2207, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:12:58+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4210", "o:id": 4210 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4210", "o:id": 4210 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0161" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gravfältet Högbro. Hittades samtidigt som nr.1" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa III was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, together with GP 143 Halla Broa I and GP 160 Halla Broa II. “At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the younger Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189", "value_resource_id": 2189, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2189", "display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206", "value_resource_id": 2206, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2206", "display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 15 cm thick. […] The narrow sides hewn at right or acute angles towards the obverse, the reverse very rough and strongly curved. Current height of the stone 74 cm; the original height above the root likely was about 70 cm. Width of the head 46 cm, of the neck 41 cm, of the base 48 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 60). The stone’s face is almost even but quite rough. It appears to be weathered, in particular, its upper part, wherefore parts of the finely carved images and border decoration are lost. The mushroom shape of the slab is clearly discernible, both corners of the head are preserved. However, the top part of the arched head is broken off. The short root is preserved as well. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "74" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "41" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "15" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The lines of the decoration appear partly to have been chiselled, though they are narrow and irregular, partly to have been merely scratched in with a pointed object. The background field has been chiselled 1–2 mm deep. The border contains a twisted cord pattern that was given a realistic effect by Kerbschnitt-like chiselling of small areas. The field thus defined contains at the very top – probably below a [lost] top panel that cannot be interpreted – the image of a horseman with shield and spear on a horse, the feet of which rest on the upper part of the border-like frame of a sail with rhombic pattern on a watercraft with upwards-curved stems. The stems appear to be rounded. The ship has a rudder. Below the ship, a row of waves that are breaking to the left. Above the vessel’s railing, the torsos of five crewmen can be seen as well as many Y-shaped sheet ropes attached to the sail’s lower edge” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 60–61). \n\nThe picture of the stone with paint published by Lindqvist (ibid. I, fig. 108; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamlingen B3:59 [Faith-Ell 1937]) differs in some details from Olof Sörling’s drawing (ibid. II, fig. 380; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamlingen 2425:24), in particular regarding the horseman. In the drawing, the horse’s forepart and the equestrian’s lance are incomplete. The horseman’s head, however, is much more detailed, featuring his long hair, eye, and nose. Unlike Lindqvist’s painting, Sörling’s drawing depicts a shield boss, and the outline of the shield crosses the outline of the horse’s back. The second crewman from the right, however, is more detailed in Lindqvist’s interpretation, featuring an eye as well as details of hair and dress. In both interpretations, the outlines of the rudder cross the keel line of the ship. Those intersections are remarkable, as they possibly indicate a kind of preliminary sketch (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). The best examples for such preliminary carvings include GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. The much-weathered left half of the upper panel remains indiscernible, even though Lindqvist tried to trace some scattered parts of the carvings here. Nevertheless, it is probable that it featured the depiction of a woman who welcomed the horseman (cf. other Type C dwarf stones such as GP 162 Halla Broa IV and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III). \n\nAnother painted version of the stone, a photo of which is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen 1718:41 [Faith-Ell 1933]), presents significantly fewer figures and details than the pictures published in Lindqvist’s book. It appears to represent an obsolete interpretation by Lindqvist. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of the horseman and ship motifs on late type picture stones, see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. Both motifs, the horseman and ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead." }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to circa AD 750–900. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 67) assigns the vessel to his Lillbjärstypus, which occurs frequently on Type C picture stones. However, he even considers the ship to represent a Type D vessel, dating somewhat later (ibid. p. 73). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 67, 73, 107, fig. 108; II, pp. 60–61, fig. 380; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 604. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa III" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2089" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4693", "value_resource_id": 4693, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4693", "display_title": "3D model for GP0161", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "103" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, utställd i Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (typ C), 74 x 48 cm, uppdelad i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en ryttare med spjut och sköld, och i det nedre bildfältet vågor och ett skepp med segel, rigg och fem besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "torso" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBJ3WyrDlaKTKjapE9cN4qrAcw02xuJrcyFxWlcMMU91IQ?e=mOZqBB" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206", "o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2126", "o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285", "o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4693", "o:title": "3D model for GP0161" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2208, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:13:28+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4211", "o:id": 4211 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4211", "o:id": 4211 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0162" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen vid grustaget som järnvägen går igenom." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular. during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa IV was found in 1879 during the construction of the railway line (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The exact find place and context, however, cannot be determined." } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 12 cm thick. The obverse almost even by nature, severely pitted due to weathering. The narrow sides either hewn in an obtuse angle or rounded towards the obverse. The reverse rough and unworked. Total height of the stone 89 cm, 57.5 cm above the lower edge of the decoration, width of the head 45 cm, width of the neck 38 cm, that of the base 49 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, including its root. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "89" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "49" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "12" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration of the border, which is filled with an s-shaped interlace pattern is executed with hewn lines and chiselled background fields. The images in the field appear to have been sketched in fine lines and drawn by means of a pointed instrument; after this, the work was completed by chiselling out the background field. The field is divided into two panels by a horizontal bar at the level of the neck. The horizontal bar at the same time serves as the yardarm of the sail of the watercraft filling the lower panel. On this bar, one foot of a horse is resting, on which sits a horseman with loose trousers gathered at the knee and a sword scabbard (attached to the belt?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The very fine lines, which appear to be drawn with a pointed instrument are particularly visible in the details of the horseman’s head, his sword and trousers, but also in parts of the ship, in particular, the shields with bosses and the heads and faces of the crewmen. Those finely carved lines possibly indicate a kind of preliminary sketch (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). The best examples for such preliminary carvings represent the Type C stones GP 161 Halla Broa III, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. \n\nThe figure in the left half of the head field can be interpreted in different ways, but Lindqvist’s description of the carvings is particularly detailed (1941/42 II, p. 61): “In front of the horseman, on the same ʻground lineʼ, a person is standing, the details of which have been lost due to flaking. The interpretation of this person was a problem that GG [Gabriel Gustafson], FN [Fredrik Nordin], and OS [Olof Sörling] frequently debated, but never finally solved. Alternative no. 1 [ibid. II, fig. 381] includes: a man with knee-length garb, holding a spear slightly tilted forwards, towards the horseman; the slightly crooked spearhead is at a level with the horse’s ear. Alternative no. 2 [ibid. II, fig. 382, 384], however, put forward a woman with a floor-length dress (at the front of which there is a strip of constant width that corresponds to the front lower leg in alternative no. 1); her head is looking rather masculine and does not quite reach the same level as the horse’s mouth. Above the woman, there is a bird (the head and long neck of which, pointed diagonally upwards, corresponds to the upper part of the spear in alternative no. 1) that appears to be flying towards the horseman. Both wings of this presumed bird are visible and executed in a remarkably realistic way; the feathers of the wings would be implied by short, chiselled lines, in the same manner that commonly was used for the chiselled areas of the background field. Lastly, alternative no. 3 [ibid. I, fig. 116], which SL [Sune Lindqvist] considers the most likely, shows a woman in a full-length dress (possibly with a strip of constant width along the dress’s rear contours that corresponds to the rear lower leg in alternative no. 1) as in alternative no. 2, but of much greater body height; the torso is inclined backwards, of course, because the woman is presenting the horseman with a drinking horn, its almost horizontal mouth facing him (in alternative 1, this is the spearhead, in alternative 2, the bird’s head). The top of the woman’s head is at the same level as the horse’s eye” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). \n\nThere are even more possible interpretations documented – a photo of the painted stone depicting the legs of a man without spear (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 30f), a drawing with a very rudimentary version of the man with spear (ATA, unpublished), and a drawing with another version of the woman with a drinking horn, featuring a smaller body size and more detailed facial characteristics (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 383). All mentioned interpretations are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Oehrl (2019a, pp. 65–66, 89, pl. 54a–b) considers the image on the head field of Halla Broa IV one of the best examples of the difficulty of picture stone documentation, which he regards as the major problem of picture stone research in general. His investigation based on digital imaging applications, however, did not lead to a final assessment. Nevertheless, in Oehrl’s view, a woman with a drinking horn is the most plausible interpretation, although she is probably smaller and less massive, as she appears on the photo provided by Lindqvist. \n\nThe ship in the lower part of the stone is described by Lindqvist, as follows: “The lower half of the field is occupied – as mentioned above – by a watercraft. Above the horizontal bar – the sail’s yardarm –, the masthead can be seen between the horse’s forelegs in the panel just described; on both sides of the masthead, there are the upper ends of the stays running down in both directions. The sail is enclosed on both the left and right in the same rectilinear way as at the top by the yardarm, while downwards, it has a number of pointed corners continuing the rhombic pattern that had been produced by wide chiselled grooves. The vessel’s hull has towering stems, the rudder is on the starboard side, and ten shields are visible along the railing. The shields’ contours are drawn fairly competently, but hardly with a compass; the rims of the shield bosses are drawn, as well. Above the shields raise the heads of six, probably originally seven, crewmen. They wear round head coverings. Four corners, which probably each terminate in a sheet rope, constitute the sail’s lower edge. The mast is massive towards the bottom and has a stay running to it from the inner base of the stem in the bow as well as several of them from the stern” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "value_resource_id": 2207, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2207", "display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of the horseman and ship motifs on late type picture stones, see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. Both motifs, the horseman (welcomed by a woman with a drinking horn) and the ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead. Gabriel Gustafson’s interpretation of the woman in the head field of Halla Broa IV, featuring a long-necked bird above the woman’s head (see VI, alternative no. 2), is particularly tempting since Oehrl was able to prove in his studies that long-necked water birds played an important role in the iconography of the late-type picture stones, acting as companions of the women who welcome the deceased in the world of the dead. Those ʻornithomorphic psychopompoiʼ can be seen on the picture stones GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, GP 3 Alskog kyrka, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6, and GP 341 Sanda kyrka I. For more detailed interpretation, see the pertinent articles as well as Oehrl 2010a; 2012a, pp. 93–96; 2019a, pp. 50–55, pls. 23e–25c; 2020c, pp. 138–151, fig. 26–31. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2138", "value_resource_id": 2138, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2138", "display_title": "GP0091", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f013e0b5d4e9c4283dfc8b692e086a18f1d35595.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0091.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050", "value_resource_id": 2050, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2050", "display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167", "value_resource_id": 2167, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2167", "display_title": "GP0120", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386", "value_resource_id": 2386, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2386", "display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to the 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 71) assigns the vessel to his Hunningetypus, which occurs frequently on Type C picture stones. \n\nThe design of the sail, with small rectangles at the intersections of the diagonal lines (see VI), is similar to the Type D stones GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII or the Type C stones GP 160 Halla Broa III and GP 90 Fröjel kyrka. Good parallels for the the border decoration, an interlace pattern formed by s-shaped loops, can be seen on the stones GP 171 Hangvar kyrka III, GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII, and GP 94 Garda Bote. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206", "value_resource_id": 2206, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2206", "display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137", "value_resource_id": 2137, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2137", "display_title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0090.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2217", "value_resource_id": 2217, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2217", "display_title": "GP0171", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/192c2b27e331ddffdcc29d3d48ef7317e91819f2.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0171.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440", "value_resource_id": 2440, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2440", "display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 148, fig. 5; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 47, 71, 73, 75, 82–83, fig. 105, 116–117; II, p. 61, fig. 81–84; Varenius 1992, p. 72, fig. 40; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 90–91; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 605; Ney 2012, pp. 78–79; Oehrl 2012a, pp. 92–93; 2019a, pp. 65–66, 89, pls. 30a–f, 54a–b. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa IV" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2263" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4694", "value_resource_id": 4694, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4694", "display_title": "3D model for GP0162", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "104" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1879 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, utställd i Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 89 cm hög och 49 cm bred, uppdelad i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en ryttare med lösa byxor och ett svärd och framför ryttaren en stående person (kvinna?), troligen med ett dryckeshorn. Över den stående personen en fågel som flyger mot ryttaren. I det nedre bildfältet ett skepp med segel, tio sköldar och sex eller sju besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nRyttaren om möts av en kvinna med dryckesbägare tolkas normalt som en död man som välkomnas till dödsriket. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "trousers" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheath" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCHpgk2gpNKS6P0pmKOU5qwAbQbKKoh4Iss3NMAxAvOCWg?e=gc7odN" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2137", "o:title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2156", "o:title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2199", "o:title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206", "o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4694", "o:title": "3D model for GP0162" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2212", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2212, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:28:24+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215", "o:id": 4215 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215", "o:id": 4215 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0166" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kvietorp in Roma parish (?), an area belonging to the Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på lantbrukare Albert Nilssons jordegendom. Fyndplatsen tillhör Roma socken." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300–400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601) are to be mentioned. \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the necropolis remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 67), the picture stone fragment Halla Broa XVIII was found on the property of the farmer Albert Nilsson, just north of the junction of the road to Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem, and thus in Roma parish, not Halla (see the map ibid. fig. 378). Here in Kvietorp (which sometimes is allocated to Roma, sometimes to Halla), 12 stone settings have been investigated in 1939 (RAÄ Roma 32:1; ATA, dnr 4606/39), which obviously belong to the Broa necropolis (Thunmark-Nylén IV:1, pp. 345–346). The burials contained Viking Age material, such as animal head brooches, penannular brooches, and fish head pendants (SHM 22476:1–2, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12a–b). There is no more information available about the find circumstances of the picture stone. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The slab represents a fragment of a dwarf stone, made up of the root and the lower part of the body of the monument. The lateral edges are preserved, the upper broken edge is irregular. “Limestone slab, 7 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides chamfered towards the back, but not towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. Total height of the fragment 57 cm, 35 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The decoration is remarkably finely executed and clearly carved out, and therefore well preserved and discernible in most parts. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "56" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "43" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The picture stone is decorated with 1–2 mm wide lines with rounded bottoms that form a framing border with a simplified twisted cord pattern. In the field, on a sunken, smoothed background, the crescent-shaped hull of a watercraft with a mast as well as – on one or possibly each side of the mast – a triangular figure rising above the railing (crew?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The open field above the right half of the vessel as well as the longish element to the left of the triangular crewman which are part of Lindqvist’s paint version of the stone (ibid. I. fig. 70; ATA B3:45b, dating 1937), however, cannot be verified and/or are misleading (cf. ibid. II, fig. 70). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Due to the stone’s fragmentary state of preservation, it cannot be assigned to any subgroup. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 65), the convex and almost semicircular shape of the unusual vessel represents a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, or perhaps even a variant of the Brotypus, named after the Type A stone GP 43 Bro kyrka I. The best parallel for this variant, in his opinion, is GP 74 Endre Skog, which he assigns to the Sandegårdagruppe. Another good match, however, is the recent find GP 13 Alva Bopparve, which seems to represent a late Type B stone, perhaps a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "value_resource_id": 2124, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2124", "display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060", "value_resource_id": 2060, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2060", "display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 65, fig. 70; II, p. 67, fig. 399; Guber 2011, p. 128 cat. no. 37. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa XVIII [Roma, Högbro]" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC7888" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4698", "value_resource_id": 4698, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4698", "display_title": "3D model for GP0166", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0166_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "118" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades före 1941 norr om vägkorsningen Roma-Sjonhem-Viklau på det stora gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en dvärgsten (typ B), 57 cm hög, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med ett fartyg med mast. En triangulär figur (besättningsman) på var sida om masten. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAYI_U6WGJERLjd-eNS1bfbAYkWCkW_TitpOr_VRPCij3I?e=Qy90wC" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4698", "o:title": "3D model for GP0166" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2216, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:30:14+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3879", "o:id": 3879 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3879", "o:id": 3879 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0170" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/c2a59acc-5afd-4cd2-8904-929747f15c8a", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The choir of Halla church. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla kyrka" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inside the church, re-used in the floor of the choir." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norr om altarringen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was discovered in the floor of the choir by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1983, together with GP 153 Halla kyrka 2, GP 168 Halla kyrka 3 and GP 169 Halla kyrka 4. In 1982, Böttger-Niedenzu submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, and during the years 1981 to 1985, she visited the Gotlandic rural churches, discovering not fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. Halla kyrka 5 is placed to the left (i.e., north) of the altar, right next to it. The rectangular fragment’s narrow side borders the altar itself as well as the step in front of it. Halla kyrka 2, Halla kyrka 3 and Halla kyrka 4 are embedded just to the right (i.e., south) of the altar. All four stones are similar in material, technique and condition. Whether they all originate from one and the same monument or not, however, remains uncertain. The Type A picture stone GP 159 Halla kyrka (I) has been re-used as altar slab inside the nave until 1876. \n\nThe oldest part of the present church is the relatively small nave which was built around 1200. The tower is only some decades younger, while the present rectangular choir was erected as late as during the middle of the 14th century. The large Gothic style choir replaces an old Romanesque apsidal choir of which the portal is re-used as tower portal in the present church building. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2199", "value_resource_id": 2199, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2199", "display_title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/93694727835001faee7d72ee40f0f95814cf7323.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0153.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2214", "value_resource_id": 2214, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2214", "display_title": "GP 168 Halla kyrka 3" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2215", "value_resource_id": 2215, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2215", "display_title": "GP 169 Halla kyrka 4", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3f4a27fae2fe24f46df1286f55a351094e95b89e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0169.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2205", "value_resource_id": 2205, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2205", "display_title": "GP 159 Halla kyrka (I)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7a5a1f21d7510e71f7d6af6d457c46c16d3d03d7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0159.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone has been trimmed to roughly rectangular shape, 1.10 m in length and 0.69 m maximum width. The limestone is homogeneously grey and a bit reddish. The surface is a little bit rough but overall relatively even and worn by footsteps. Nevertheless, the lowered background plane and slightly raised figurative elements are still discernable, at least when using side light. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "106" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "66" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "It is difficult to identify the depictions with the naked eye. According to Böttger-Niedenzu’s drawing (1988, fig. 6), the undermost part of a ship’s hull is preserved, directly above a row of at least ten triangles which are rising from a horizontal double line, representing waves of the sea. The double line, which runs across the entire surface in north-south direction, appears to indicate the border between the lowest image panel and the picture-stone’s root part. To the left (north) of the ship, an almost vertical spear-like object is pointing towards the ground. Böttger-Niedenzu (1988, p. 11) regards it as a rudder. Even though this seems to be the most plausible interpretation, it must be stressed that the shape, the position and the orientation of such a spear-like rudder would be very unusual. Compare for instance the completely different rudders on the stones GP 184 Hejnum Riddare, GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III. According to Böttger-Niedenzu (ibid.), there are also remains of four crew members and the rigging discernable, which is difficult to verify and not really visible in her drawing. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "value_resource_id": 2230, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2230", "display_title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0184.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "value_resource_id": 2257, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2257", "display_title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The bas-relief, the ship motif and its dimensions as well as the triangular waves indicate a picture stone of Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D, which can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century and the 10th century. Triangular waves are depicted on, for instance, the Type C/D stones GP 280 När Smiss I, GP 212 Klinte Klintebys, and GP 563 Väte kyrka 2. They do not, however, occur on Type E stones. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607", "value_resource_id": 2607, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2607", "display_title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0563.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, pp. 10–11, fig. 6; Oehrl 2019a, p. 228." } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:9793" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla 5:2" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4702", "value_resource_id": 4702, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4702", "display_title": "3D model for GP0170", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0170_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "410" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1983 i golvet norr om altaret i kyrkans kor. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nPå samma plats som vid upptäckten 1983. \n\nBeskrivning \nTillhugget fragment av svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 110 x 69 cm. Nedre delen av en bildsten, med vågor, ett skeppsskrov och ett spjutliknande roder. Oklart om fragmentet hänger samman med Halla kyrka 2-4. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6379657" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709471" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6379657" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709471" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDRygvI1OrhT5DAcPx2rxBDAWZJxUPAenn7R63koRR0ntk?e=GFY7B2" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2199", "o:title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2205", "o:title": "GP 159 Halla kyrka (I)" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2214", "o:title": "GP 168 Halla kyrka 3" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2215", "o:title": "GP 169 Halla kyrka 4" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2111", "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2111", "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4702", "o:title": "3D model for GP0170" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/150", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 150, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "o:id": 2216 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.51092552973716, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.497174288598785, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2225", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2225, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 179 Hejde kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/a57db933e4c268cd72b96077b6633a60108cef63.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/a57db933e4c268cd72b96077b6633a60108cef63.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a57db933e4c268cd72b96077b6633a60108cef63.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:35:03+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3938", "o:id": 3938 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3938", "o:id": 3938 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 179 Hejde kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0179" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/bf0af549-2c03-42d6-a2fd-e868e58f0639", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Under the floor of the sacristy of Hejde church. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejde" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejde Kyrkogården" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hittades vid grävningar för pannrum under golvet i sakristian. Jorden var full med benrester (Lindqvist 1942:69-70)." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejde" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Standing in the churchyard." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Churchyard" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ute" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 69) summarises the information given in a report by Erik Bohrn in 1936 (ATA dnr 3619-1936) as follows: “Picture stone that was discovered in 1936 during excavation work while building a heating room under the floor of the sacristy. Amanuens Erik Bohrn told the National Antiquarian that the stone, with the obverse facing upwards, was found approximately 10 cm below the modern floor level outside of the sacristy and 72 cm below the floor of the church choir. The earth both under the stone and in the sacristy, however, showed signs of digging and contained remains of bones; ʻtherefore, it is less probable that the place, where the stone now was found, was, in fact, the one where it originally fellʼ. Later, the stone was erected at the north wall of the churchyard, close to the left corner of the choir.” \n\nThe Romanesque church was erected in the middle of the 13th century, and its nave and tower are still preserved. Around the middle or during the second half of the 14th century, however, the Romanesque choir was replaced by the current Gothic choir (Roosval 1942, pp. 251–253, 270; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, p. 165). The sacristy was added as recently as 1795 (Roosval 1942, pp. 251, 259). Why, when, and how the picture stone came to its final resting place, whether it had been re-used in some way, perhaps during of the construction of the church, remains unanswered (cf. the similar case of GP 542 Visby St Clemens). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2586", "value_resource_id": 2586, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2586", "display_title": "GP 542 Visby St Clemens", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4945df6dea6d51421eaacb75ceaaf65500a49843.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0542A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, at its head 15 cm thick. The obverse is naturally flat, but rather rough. The narrow sides are rounded or chamfered towards the back. The reverse is rough und unworked. The height is 120 cm, of which 111 cm are the part between the top of the stone and the keel of the ship. Width of the head 72 cm, of the neck 62 cm, of the base 90 cm (at the keel 84 cm)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 70). As can be seen from a photo taken by Bohrn right after the discovery of the slab in 1936, however, the stone’s height given by Lindqvist disregards the preserved root of the monument, which was not visible anymore in 1937 after it had been erected. The now hidden root part is about 60 cm. Thus, the stone’s actual total height is about 180 cm. The obverse of the monument was already much weathered when it was found in 1936, and its state of preservation even worsened since then. Furthermore, today it is overgrown with moss and lichen. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "120" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "90" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "15" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 70) only notes that “the decoration, which appears to have been executed in the manner common for stones of this type, is badly weathered”. Surprisingly enough, he does not describe or even mention the results of an investigation of the carvings, which can be seen on the photo of the painted stone given in his book (ibid. fig. 405; cf. the photos by E. Edle 1938 and H. Faith-Ell 1937 in ATA [photos 2164:16 and B3:58]). \n\nAccording to the painting, the obverse of the monument is divided in four image panels. The bottom panel, which fills approximately the lower half of the decorated obverse, depicts a sailing ship. Only the rhombic pattern of the sail is partly preserved, as well as the (left end of the) keel. In its left corner, the image panel above (neck panel) depicts two probably male human figures in long garments holding long staff-like objects, facing to the right. In the right corner, a horse can be seen, facing to the left. The part between the men and the horse as well as the areas surrounding the horse remain unpainted and seem to be totally weathered. The stone’s head is divided in two panels. The upper one is very small and apparently without any remaining carvings. The bigger panel below is almost completely weathered as well; only a single male human figure in the left corner had been traced with paint. It is facing to the right, wearing a long garment and a chin beard. An extension starting from the figure’s shoulder and running along its back looks like a clothing feature or a wing. The inner frame of the bordering is largely preserved, as well as the horizontal frame lines dividing the panels. The border decoration is completely lost. \n\nToday, it is almost impossible to verify all of the carvings which are described above, even when applying RTI and 3D technologies. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, i.e., Type C/D. Lindqvist himself assigned the Hejde stone to his ʻAbschnittʼ C, which he dated to around AD 700. However, those Type C/D monuments can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004) dates the stone from Hejdeby to the 9th or 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist (2012), who classifies the monument as a dwarf stone, the slab’s shape represents Type dwarf3, dating to the Middle Vendel Period. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 69–70, fig. 405; Roosval 1942, p. 267. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:9884" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejde 1:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejde, Kirchhof" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4711", "value_resource_id": 4711, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4711", "display_title": "3D model for GP0179", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0179_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "128" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1936 under golvet i sakristian till Hejde kyrka. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStår vid den norra kyrkogårdsmuren nära kyrkans kor. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn svampformad bildsten (typ C-D), 120 x 90 cm. Indelad i fyra bildfält. I det nedersta bildfältet finns ett segel med rombiskt mönster, vilket är rester av ett skepp. I bildfältet ovanför finns fragment av en bild med två män och en häst. Bildstenens huvud är uppdelat i två bildfält. Det övre är helt eroderat, medan en stående man kan skymtas i det lägre bildfältet. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "staff" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cloak" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "beard" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "wing" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6368305" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "700967" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6368305" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "700967" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDSHa01sNLcSrHcqFtbk5XkAe6Z3mJwmGbUkKxbyKYEREs?e=A8w8hh" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4711", "o:title": "3D model for GP0179" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/156", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 156, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2225", "o:id": 2225 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.41297797016514, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.34615682692845, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2230, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:38:37+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4222", "o:id": 4222 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4222", "o:id": 4222 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0184" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/f3aeb159-79f5-4949-b01c-d76ba53fb688", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "At the edge of an agricultural field about 600 m north-east of the farmstead ʻRiddare gårdʼ in Hejnum parish, circa 200 m south of the road Bjärs–Riddare, in its original location. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Landscape" }, { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum Riddare" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ursprunglig plats. Stenen rest av FN 1887 i sina stödstenar." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Landscape" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ute" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone was mentioned by Per Arvid Säve in his Berättelser (1864 p. 107) och Samlingar (vol. I, p. 364). More early records are collected by Gustavson/Snædal 2013, p. 30. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 72) notes: “This picture stone is located at the eastern edge of a field, 150 m south-southeast of the most north-western point of the road Bjärs–Riddare before it turns from its general western direction to a purely southern one […]. In 1830 and during the following decades, the stone was in a recumbent position, but was re-erected in 1887 by [Fredrik Nordin] in its original place. During an excavation around the stone’s root, stones were observed that served to secure the picture stone in the ground, but no evidence of a burial was discovered” (cf. Nordin 1903, p. 151). The Hejnum Bjärs cemetery is situated circa 700 m north-east of the stone. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 30 cm thick and overall 3.25 m high. The height above ground is 3 m (391 cm between the tip and the lower edge of the decoration). Width of the head 147 cm, of the neck 130 cm, at the base 175 cm. Width of the ship 126 cm; its height between the keel to the yardarm 105 cm. The obverse is even throughout, the narrow sides are rounded towards the back, the reverse is rough and unworked” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 72). In the 1976 inventory it was recorded that the stone tilted towards the south-southeast. In 1993, however, it was set upright again, and in 1994 several spallings were repaired (RIKs no. 1606-3026-3038). The slab is severely weathered and overgrown with lichens. Otherwise, it is undamaged and represents an entirely preserved mushroom-shaped monument. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "325" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "175" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "30" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 72) notes: “The decorations consist of chiselled lines and sunken background fields around the figures. The figural imagery is constituted, as far as can be established, by a large ship with rounded, towering stems and a rudder on the left, at starboard. In the stern, at least three and probably five spears are standing, slightly leaning outwards. The ship has a rectangular sail with a rhombic pattern that continues downwards in the sheet ropes. A rope hangs from the middle of the sail’s rear vertical edge. Below the ship, there are waves, four of which are shown with uniformly stylised crests, with probably a fifth foam-crested wave under the stern post; under the stern post, there is also a symbol made up of three triangles.” \n\nThe depictions observed by Lindqvist are documented by photos of the painted stone taken by Harald Faith-Ell in 1937 (Lindqvist 1942/42 I, figs. 79–80). Surprisingly, Lindqvist does neither mention the 13-person crew on board (most of which seem to be armed with a shield) nor the animal head on the top of the stem, which are depicted in his photo. Sörling’s drawing is less detailed than Lindqvist’s painting; in particular, the entire crew is missing here (ibid. II, fig. 417). Some early photos taken by Ture Carlsson in 1927 depict the erected stone without paint, overgrown with lichens, and without any discernible carvings (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 816:64; dnr 3024/27). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of triple-symbols and ship depictions on late-type picture stones see, in particular, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44). Lindqvist dates those stones to around AD 700. He assigns Hejnum Riddare to his ʻLärbrogruppeʼ (ibid. pp. 44, 47). Lori Eshleman (1983) argues that the stones of this group had been strongly influenced by the art of the Carolingian Renaissance and thus must be dated to the period between AD 790 and 840. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D stones roughly to between the 8th century and the 10th century. According to Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 159), the stone belongs to the outline type ʻtall4ʼ, which he dates to the Middle Viking Period. Varenius (1992, appendix 2), based on his analysis of the ship’s rigging (group IV segelskepp med skotnät), dates it to the 10th century. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 71–72) regards the vessel on Hejnum Riddare as one of the most typical ship representations of the Lärbro group (“Langschiffe vom Lärbrotypus”). The preserved runes, an i-rune and a k-rune (see VIII), cannot be used as indication for a more precise dating, as they only indicate a younger futhark inscription (in use from about AD 700). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:runicInscription": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 286, "property_label": "Runic Inscription", "is_public": true, "@value": "Only two runes of the inscription (G 248) are preserved: \n…ik… " } ], "ai2:runicContextComments": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 72) notes: “In the 4.5 cm high border just above the ship’s sail, there are the scarce remains of a runic inscription. Prof. O. v. Friesen announced that these runes were unknown to him.” It seems that Lindqvist was the first one who observed the characters. They are not considered in Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1911 (ibid. fig. 417) but only visible in Lindqvist’s photo of the painted stone (ibid. I, fig. 80; taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling)." } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 151; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 47, 71–73, 75, 94, figs. 79–80; II, p. 72, fig. 417; Varenius 1992, pp. 53, 82, fig. 47; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 157, 159, fig. 5b; Andreeff 2012, pp. 130, 143; Gustavson/Snædal 2013, pp 30–32; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 12, 34, 259. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:1948" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum 40:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum, Riddare" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4716", "value_resource_id": 4716, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4716", "display_title": "3D model for GP0184", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0184_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "138" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen noterades första gången 1830, stående i kanten av en åker, omkring 600 m nordost om gården Riddare. Eftersom den började luta allt mer restes den upp 1994. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStår på ursprunglig plats. \n\nBeskrivning \nStor svampformig bildsten (period C/D), 3,25 m hög och största bredd 1,75 m. På nedre delen av bildstenen vågor, ett stort skepp med segel, en stående besättning med sköldar och spjut stående i aktern. Under styråran en symbol med tre trianglar. \n\nInskrift \nPå ett band över skeppet spår av runor. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valknut" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "animal" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "head" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6400582" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715721" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6400582" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715721" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBW4hfCaAtHTKT9lkOvhuwbAaeJlUhC0kX6vpRiRc8fmWk?e=a54xtG" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2111", "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2216", "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2580", "o:title": "GP 536 Vallstena kyrka" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2111", "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4716", "o:title": "3D model for GP0184" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/159", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 159, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "o:id": 2230 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.69558206711017, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.619905194257285, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2258, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:59:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4243", "o:id": 4243 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4243", "o:id": 4243 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0212" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/b8031d81-d102-40b5-9ce4-34e47695debe", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Property of Hunninge gård (?) in Klinte parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte Hunninge" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Denna bildsten befann sig år 1934 sedan en obekant rad av år i Klintebys trädgård, där den stod lutad mot den mur som omger parken där. Det kan tyckas naturligt att anta, att också denna sten härstammar från Hunninge, emellertid får man inte reda på något" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Re-erected in a small wood belonging to the farm Klintebys (Klintebys park). " } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ute" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klintebys" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 80), the picture stone GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I was “[…] found in the 1860s during the tillage of a field in Hunninge (Lättstain), a farm belonging to Loggarve, where it is supposed to have been lying together with [Klinte Hunninge] II. From there, the stone [no. I] was transferred to the park in Klintebys, where it still stood in July 1941”, while [stone no. II] “[…] was transported to the outer edge of Klinteberget, just northeast of the church, where it remains to this day” (ibid. 81). GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III “[…] was found at the edge of a small gravel pit just southwest of the estate of Arvid Lerberg to the north of the highway Klinte–Visby […] and was donated to [Gotlands Fornsal]” (ibid.). The find year is not given by Lindqvist. Regarding Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), he notes that “[i]n 1934, this picture stone has been for an unknown number of years in the garden of Klintebys, where it leans against the wall of the local park. It appears natural to suppose that this stone came from Hunninge, also, but no details about its origins could be established” (ibid.). Therefore, Lindqvist calls the stone ʻKlinte sockenʼ (parish, Klinte Kirchspiel), while Jan Peder Lamm listed it as ʻKlinte Hunninge IVʼ. Later, the stone was re-erected, several meters in front of the wall, anchored in the ground with small stones and concrete. \n\nAccording to a report by Ture Carlsson and a regarding letter by David Rosvall to the National Antiquarian from 1930 (ATA dnr 4546-30, 4794-30), picture stone no. III was registered by Carlsson in the same year and taken from Lerbergʼs garden. Carlsson also notes that no. IV was said to have been discovered one year ago at the very same spot. He also mentions that in previous times two more stones (i.e., nos. I and II) had been found at approximately the same place. From there, as Rosvall assumes, they were transported to a field, afterwards re-used as bridge stones, and a lifetime later placed in Klintebys park. In the 1965 inventory about the monuments in Klinte parish (ATA), it is noted that the stones nos. I, II, and IV probably originated from land owned by Klintebys farm, which, however, was situated in the area of Hunninge gård (farm), where they were re-used as bridge stones over a ditch, before they were transferred to the park in Klintebys (“Sägas flyttats från Klintebys ägor å Hunninge, där de uppgivas ha legat som brostenar över diken”). In the 1927 inventory of monuments in Klinte parish (Förteckning över Klinte sockens fasta fornlämningar) kept in ATA, I and II are mentioned as still being situated in Klintebys park. \n\nConsequently, the object biography of the four stones is confusing and their original find spots are impossible to determine. Stone no. I was transferred to Gotlands Museum after the publication of Lindqvistʼa book, no. II is still standing on Klinteberget, no. III is kept in the museumʼs storage in Visborg, and no. IV is still standing in Klintebys park. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2256", "value_resource_id": 2256, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2256", "display_title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c485b40065f70540d2e73913c274e8ef5773688c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0210.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "value_resource_id": 2257, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2257", "display_title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 81) notes: “Limestone slab, about 20 cm thick. The obverse is even, but especially on its right half with considerable bumps. The narrow sides are hewn at about right angles towards the obverse and rounded towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s height is 186 cm, the distance between its top and the lower edge of the decoration is 151 cm. The width of the head is 78 cm, that of the neck 73, and that of the base 99 cm.” The monument is completely preserved, including its root; only the right-hand edge is partly damaged. Already in Lindqvistʼs time, parts of the surface were much weathered and indiscernible, in particular in the right third and in the middle of the stone. Due to its re-erection and anchoring in the ground, parts of the decorated base are not visible anymore. Furthermore, the stone meanwhile has been exposed to the weather without protection for about a century, and thus the imagery is much abraded and partly destroyed. The entire surface is heavily overgrown by lichens. Today, it is almost impossible to verify Lindqvistʼs documentation of the carvings with certainty. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "186" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "99" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "20" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 81–82) describes the carvings as follows: “Decoration with faintly carved lines and primarily with chiselled background fields. In the horse in the top panel, thin lines can be made out defining the horse’s right leg. The border is filled with a simplified ‘twisted-cord’ pattern. The top panel shows a horseman supporting himself with one hand on the horse’s croup and carrying a hunting bird on the elbow of the same arm; in the other hand, he holds the reins. Above the horseman, a dog and a bird(?) can be seen, in front of him a woman facing him and holding a horn in her hand. The next panel shows a ship with rounded stem featuring a small spiral disc at its terminal, as well as a sail with a pattern of rhombi, the middle fields of which are carved into the stone. In the ship, there probably is a row of crewmen facing right; below the ship, two horses (which probably carried riders, but their figures are very hard to recognise). Behind the right horse possibly a walking person is depicted. At the very bottom, one perceives a row of chiselled triangles pointing downwards.” \n\nThe horseman is hardly “carrying a hunting bird on the elbow”, as Lindqvist suggests, but rather on his fist, as it is usual in falconry. In one of his hands the depicted horseman is holding the reins; on the other hand, stretched out to the left, the raptor is sitting. A vertical stripe connects the man’s outstretched arm, which is holding the bird, with the horse’s back. The meaning of this detail is uncertain, but it could represent the straps of leather on the raptor’s legs, used by falconers to tether the bird (ʻjessesʼ, German Geschüh). Otherwise, it could be interpreted as an ʻeagle crutchʼ, a device used by, for instance, Kyrgyz falconers for supporting their arm while holding their heavy hunting eagle. \n\nHowever, as noted above, the carvings are in very bad condition and it is difficult to verify the images and details described by Lindqvist and depicted in the photo of the painted stone which is published in his book (ibid. II, fig. 134, cf. ATA 1719:17 [taken by H. Faith-Ell 1933]). Other pictures, including those before the stone was painted by Lindqvist, are not available in the archives. Oehrl (2019a, pp. 179–180), who re-analysed the stone in 2013 by means of 3D digitisation and Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), concludes that only the rough contours of the main motifs can be brought to light, while most of it remains indiscernible to the naked eye. \n\nRegarding the possible bird (cf. Oehrl 2010a, pp. 24–25, pl. VI:15) that appears to fly ahead of the horse, Oehrl (2019a, pls. 184a–c, 185a–c), based on the results of his RTI documentation, suggests a new interpretation, considering a four-legged prey animal, presumably a fox. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the interpretation of the ship and equestrian motifs see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, concerning the horseman and adventus motiv see also GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 21 Ardre Kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. Usually, for good reasons, the motif of the equestrian and the woman with the drinking horn is interpreted as the arrival of a fallen warrior in Valhǫll, who is welcomed by a valkyrie. \n\nThe horseman with the raptor on Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys) is regarded as the earliest known Scandinavian monument that clearly depicts a falconry scene. According to the Barbarian Law Codes, the leges barbarorum, hunting with raptors was well established among the Continental tribes from the 5th or 6th century onwards (Lindner 1973; Grimm/Oehrl 2017; Dusil 2018). Bones of birds of prey in richly furnished graves of the 6th–10th centuries appear to prove that falconry was also already practised in East Middle Sweden from an early age (Vretemark 2018). Written allusions to falconry in Old Norse literature come to the fore in the 10th or 11th century at the earliest (Hofmann 1957/58; Carstens 2018). In addition, pictorial depictions should be considered important source material, indicating a certain knowledge of this form of hunting among the early Scandinavians (Åkerström-Hougen 1981; Oehrl 2012c; 2013a; 2014a; 2018; 2020d; Grimm/Oehrl 2017). \n\nBird brooches and raptor-shaped fittings from the Vendel Period (Atterman 1934) are occasionally regarded as further evidence for early Scandinavian falconry. Actually, some of these items represent raptors holding and devouring their prey, like the 7th century gilded saddle fittings from a horseman’s grave at Vallstena in Gotland (Nerman 1969/75, no. 1260–1263) and the gold and garnet cloisonné mounts of the purse lid from the Anglo-Saxon princely ship burial at Sutton Hoo (Suffolk, East Anglia), also from the 7th century, depicting a raptor striking a duck (Hicks 1986, 162–165; Adams 2015, 43–48). However, images like this – without clearly assignable human participants, horses and hunting dogs – cannot with certainty be regarded as depictions of falconry. As some of them were used as shield decorations or saddle fittings, it could be reasonable to interpret them as warrior emblems, probably in the context of the ʻbeasts of battleʼ tradition (see GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I), like the bird brooch from Lisbjerg in Jutland from the 6th/7th century AD depicting a similar raptor that is striking a human figure (Ørsnes 1966, no. 159a; Kjærum/Olsen 1990, p. 162 no. 63; Oehrl 2020d, pp. 455–457), or just as symbols of power or mythological motifs (Dickinson 2005, pp. 152–160; 2011, pp. 644–650; Hauck 1980a, pp. 274–286; 1982c, pp. 321–328; Oehrl in print b). Even the raptors on Migration Period gold bracteates have been interpreted in the context of falconry, which is by no means plausible (Pesch 2018). \n\nAnother undoubted depiction of falconry can be seen on the Viking Age rune stone from Alstad in Oppland, Norway, from between AD 1000 and 1030 (N 61–62; Christiansen 1997). A horseman with a bird of prey on his fist, together with two hounds, and a second big raptor on the top of the stone can be seen. A strange, long object in the hand of a second horseman at the bottom, which is club-like and broadens towards its top, could be regarded as a perch for the raptor. A T-shaped perch is depicted on a bronze Viking ship from Grimsta near Stockholm, Sweden, from the 11th century (Biörnstad 1958). The depicted horseman holds his bird on his left fist and the perch in his right hand. There is also a group of 11th century Swedish rune stones. The stone from Vidbo kyrka (Uppland, U 375), for instance, depicts a horseman above whom a stylized bird seems to be flying. On the rune stone from Hanunda (Uppland, U 599), a horseman lifts up his hand and above him a big raptor is situated on the runic border. Possibly, this rider is a falconer who is calling his bird back to his fist. \n\nA matter of particular interest is the 11th century rune stone from Böksta/Balingsta (Uppland, U 855). It depicts a mounted hunter with a spear, pursuing a red deer stag with his hounds. A stylized raptor is standing on the stag’s antlers attacking its head with its beak. This depiction appears to represent a special kind of falconry, i.e., hunting big game animals with raptors, which was widespread in the Arab world, but almost unknown in medieval Europe. On the basis of this rune stone, it has been considered that Viking falconers were influenced by Eastern hunting traditions (Oehrl 2013a; 2014a). Apart from this, early images of falconry can also be observed on carved stones on the British Isles – on the prominent 8th century Anglo-Saxon stone cross from Bewcastle in Cumberland, on 8th/9th century Pictish carved stones from Scotland, as well as on the Viking or ʻAnglo-Scandinavianʼ stone cross from Sockburn in Durham, dating to the first half of the 10th century (Cramp 1984, 136; Bailey/Cramp 1988, pp. 69–70; Carrington 1996; Oehrl 2018, pp. 841–843, figs. 1–5, 10). \n\nAs a result, the horseman from Klintebys is not the only Viking Age depiction of a falconer but must be regarded the earliest pictorial representation of a falconer in Scandinavian art. Remarkably, the fallen hero arriving at the gates of the warrior’s paradise is glorified as a falconer – on horseback, with a hunting hound and a raptor on his fist. \n\nWhether there were actually human riders on the backs of the two facing horses in the lower part of the stone remains unclear. If this was not the case, the depiction can be associated with similar images of facing horses on Type A and Type B picture stones. The topic of horse fights (called hestavíg in Old Norse literature) and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see in particular GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244", "value_resource_id": 2244, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2244", "display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone. Lindqvist regards the stone as an ʻAbschnittʼ C monument, dating to around AD 700. Those late-type picture stones (Type C/D) can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and circa 1000. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 46) assigns the stone to his Klintegruppe, which consists of only a few monuments from the parish of Klinte and which he regards as the best representative of a kind of picture stones typical for the southern part of Gotland, called Der südgutnische Kreis. The most characteristic feature of those monuments is the placement of the ship motif directly below the head field with the horseman. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type tall3, which occurs in his periods 5 (Early Viking Period), and 7 (Late Viking Period). Imer (2004, p. 104), however, dates monuments of this kind to the 9th or 10th century, while Varenius (1992, appendix 2), based on his analysis of the ship’s rigging (group II skepp med enkel rigg), dates it to the 7th–9th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 46, 89–90; fig. 143; II, pp. 81–82; Hofmann 1957/58; Åkerström-Hougen 1981, pp. 275–276, 285; Vretemark 1983; Althaus 1993, p. 193; Raudvere 2004, p. 90, fig. 10; Oehrl 2010; 2012c; 2013a; 2014a; 2017b, p. 105, fig. 10a–c; 2018; 2020d; Grimm/Oehrl 2017. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:508" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte 5:3" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte, Kirchspiel" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4744", "value_resource_id": 4744, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4744", "display_title": "3D model for GP0212", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "156" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1929 i kanten av ett grustag norr om vägen Klinte-Visby. Enligt brev från 1930 påträffades GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III på samma plats något tidigare. Troligen kommer även GP 209-10 Klinte Hunninge I-II från samma område. Bildstenen flyttades efter fyndet till Klintebys park, där den stod redan 1934. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nI Klintebys park. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad stor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 186 cm hög och som bredast 99 cm. Vittrad och övervuxen av lav. I det övre bildfältet en kvinna med bägare som, möter en ryttare med en jaktfågel. Över ryttare en hund och möjligen en fågel. I nästa bildfält ett skepp med segel och troligen besättningsmän. Under skeppet två hästar, troligen med ryttare och en gående person. Längst ned en rad av trianglar. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nVälkomstmotivet avbildar troligen en valkyria som mottar en död man i Valhall. Jaktfågelmotivet det äldsta i Skandinavien. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "value_resource_id": 2257, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2257", "display_title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2256", "value_resource_id": 2256, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2256", "display_title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c485b40065f70540d2e73913c274e8ef5773688c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0210.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horsegear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird of prey" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dog" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "drinking horn" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valkyrie" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6365286" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695350" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCqXOEdaIEpQYuDqHEg0s1vARAZszLGk9Dp2c0MstYyOkU?e=vsyhj1" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2257", "o:title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2256", "o:title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2126", "o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2216", "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576", "o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2605", "o:title": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2177", "o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2614", "o:title": "GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2257", "o:title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4744", "o:title": "3D model for GP0212" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2262", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2262, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f956193a42eb52109d92bf802911eb716cbc5105.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f956193a42eb52109d92bf802911eb716cbc5105.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f956193a42eb52109d92bf802911eb716cbc5105.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T10:04:52+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4247", "o:id": 4247 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4247", "o:id": 4247 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0216" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "On the property of the farm ʻSmiss gårdʼ in Kräklingbo parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo Smiss" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i närheten av Smiss 2." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No information is preserved about the find circumstances in the archives; Lindqvist only notes the following sentence (II, p. 82): “Fragment of a picture stone, found by the farmer Karl Gardell and donated to GF by Lektor M. Klintberg.” " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 6–7 cm thick. The obverse is even, the 24 m long straight segment of the left narrow side is hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with a narrow chamfer in between. The almost square fragment has a maximum height and width of 27 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II. p. 82). Only the left side of the square preserves the stone’s original edge. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "27" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "24" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Decorated with 2–3 mm wide, chiselled lines with wedge-shaped cross section as well as with chiselled background fields about 1 mm deep. Inside of the 5.5 cm wide border, which is filled with a simplified ‘twisted-cord’ pattern, part of a boat can be seen that probably had its stem rise up at an almost right angle to the keel (the originally acute-angled tip of the stem is damaged). From the upper, outward-curved terminal of the stem, a stay(?) is attached that disappears behind the nearest corner of the sail, the area of which (inside an 8 mm wide frame) probably has a chequered pattern of about 22 mm wide squares. Of the surviving piece of the ship’s railing, two triangles that point upwards probably were left when the background field was sunk (and represent crewmen)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II. p. 82). The carvings are painted by Lindqvist (II, fig. 67; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling photo B3:91b, taken by Faith-Ell in 1937). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even though only a small part of the monument is preserved, its dimensions, the simple ship depiction (belonging to Lindqvist’s [II, p. 66] Rikvidetypus) and the typical step pattern (probably to be regarded as simplified twisted cord pattern) indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 304, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildsten" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 66, fig. 67; II, 82, fig. ; Guber 2011, p. 132 cat. no. 45; Oehrl 2019a, p. 228. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo, Smiss I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC1876" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4748", "value_resource_id": 4748, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4748", "display_title": "3D model for GP0216", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0216_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "157" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på ägorna till gården Smiss i Kräklingbo socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 24 x 27 cm. Delar av ett skepp, med rigg och segel samt troligen rester av två besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCqt8TDsnUqRLC5rVniGA9ZAZaDAZKvzGK6PFac_ZGaFjQ?e=IfNwPt" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2260", "o:title": "GP 214 Kräklingbo Smiss II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2263", "o:title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2337", "o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2263", "o:title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4748", "o:title": "3D model for GP0216" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2283", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2283, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 237 Lojsta Fride", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0ba837f3f80f451c3e9264cc77f9ab939e08a924.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0ba837f3f80f451c3e9264cc77f9ab939e08a924.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0ba837f3f80f451c3e9264cc77f9ab939e08a924.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T10:20:20+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4260", "o:id": 4260 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4260", "o:id": 4260 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 237 Lojsta Fride" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0237" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "On a meadow near to the farmstead of Fride in Lojsta parish, lying close to a group of stone mounds (rösen). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lojsta" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lojsta Fride" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen på Storängen 100m SSÖ bostadshus. Sydväst om bokstaven F i ortsnamnet (Fride) på SGUs hemseblad" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lojsta" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ. Re-erected on a stone mound, probably a röse. " } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ute" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 97) describes the find circumstances and location as follows: “This stone was found in 1918 by the gardener T.A. Lund in Storängen, when he laid out a garden, about 100 m south-south-west from the farmstead […]. It lay, with the obverse facing downwards, just below the surface. The obverse apparently was turned towards the northeast. Close by were several piles of stone – presumably stone settings of burials – and possibly there are more picture stones lying, fallen over and covered with earth. The picture stone under discussion here was re-erected and stands in its core original stone setting close to the finding place.” Obviously, the monument once was standing next to a group of three grave mounds (rösen) and after its discovery has been re-erected on one of them. The two other mounds are registered by RAÄ with the Lojsta 44:1–2. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, about 35 cm thick. The total height is about 2 m, the one from the lower edge of the decoration is 147 cm. The width of the head is 85 cm, that of the neck 75 cm, and that of the base 100 cm. The obverse probably was even but is rather rough today due to weathering. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse and rounded towards the reverse, which is rough and unworked” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 97). The mushroom-shaped slab is completely preserved, however, its edges, in particular, those of the head, are abraded and partly damaged. The decoration, which is badly damaged due to weathering and very hard to discern, is executed with carved lines and faintly chiselled background fields. Lindqvist’s photo of the re-erected and painted stone (ibid. fig. 53) was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (cf. ATA 1718:19), a photo of the re-erected but still unpainted stone taken by Fredrik Nordin in 1919 is kept in ATA as well. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "200" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "100" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "35" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even though the photograph of the painted monument taken by H. Faith-Ell (see V) shows poor but conclusive remains of the imagery, Lindqvist does not describe and nor even mention them. According to the painted version, the stone’s head is divided into two panels. While no images are recognizable in the upper panel, the lower field features a rough depiction of a horseman to the left and an undiscernible figure to the right, probably a welcome scene. In the image panel below, in the neck region of the monument, the legs of a horse and/or the legs of human figures and perhaps some raised swords can be identified in the right-hand half, and some indeterminable (human?) figures to the left. The lowermost image panel shows remains of a ship’s hull and keel, perhaps a steering oar, and a few insignificant traces of the rigging and the crew. The outline of a large rectangular sail is partly recognizable as well. The base of the stone depicts, just below the bottom line of the ship panel, remains of a row of waves with triple-looped crests, breaking to the right. The picture stone is framed by a border; however, its decoration is not discernable. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, Type C/D. The monuments of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700, the small group of Type D stones, which must be regarded as a subgroup of C rather than a separate type, he dates to the middle or the second half of the 8th century. According to recent research, however, those Type C/D picture stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th and the 10th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 97, fig. 453. " } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lojsta 44:3" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lojsta, Fride" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4769", "value_resource_id": 4769, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4769", "display_title": "3D model for GP0237", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0237_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "170" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1918 vid trädgårdsarbete i Storängen, nära gården Fride. Vid fyndplatsen finns tre rösen, och bildstenen restes i ett av dessa rösen efter att den påträffades. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nI ett röse nära fyndplatsen. \n\nBeskrivning \nStor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 2 m hög och största bredd 1 m. Stenen är väderbiten, men svaga spår av bilder är bevarade. I den undre delen av stenen vågor, ett stort skepp med segel och manskap. Över skeppet finns spår av tre bildfält, det understa fältet innehåller benen till en häst och en människa och det mellersta bildfältet en ryttare och en otydlig figur, kanske en välkomstscen. I det övrsta bildfältet är bilderna försvunna. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "leg" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358049" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "704275" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6357999" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "704333" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgColkfPoXs6TJVwJ52hz1AKAcKLs4vd74qx02TMKFdf7WY?e=JbIkUB" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4769", "o:title": "3D model for GP0237" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/196", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 196, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2283", "o:id": 2283 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.31953729925331, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.392618457846993, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2336", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2336, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T11:25:01+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4303", "o:id": 4303 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4303", "o:id": 4303 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0290" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment consists of two matching pieces, representing the lower right corner of a small picture stone, preserving the right-hand edge as well as a part of the root. It has roughly the shape of an upright rectangle, with the upper third broken off. Pieced together, the 5 cm thick limestone slab is 38 cm high and 19 cm wide. The bas-relief decoration is well-preserved; there are no traces of serious weathering. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "40" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "19" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "6" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "After the discovery, the carvings were traced with paint. A photo of the secondarily painted stone taken by Raymond Hejdström (neg. no. XXI:621) is kept in the Museum’s inventory. The remaining parts of the framing border at the right-hand edge and the bottom feature a simple but properly executed interlace pattern. The preserved image field depicts the rounded stern or bow of a ship with an outward-bending stem, probably a stylized animal head. Aboard the vessel, a stylized and now damaged crewman can be seen. A diagonal band that appears to cross the crewman could be regarded as part of the rigging or a stay, i.e., a rope which connects the mast with the stem. A further ribbon-like extension is protruding into the image field from above, possibly part of the sail or another lost figurative element. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Most probably, the small slab represents a Middle-Type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating between AD 500 and 700. The interlace pattern is typical for Late Type monuments; however, it also occurs in ʻAbschnittʼ B, in particular, on GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX and GP 281 När Smiss 3. The ship can be described as a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413", "value_resource_id": 2413, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2413", "display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327", "value_resource_id": 2327, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2327", "display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "value_resource_id": 2124, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2124", "display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 304, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildsten" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "No references" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC11044" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4821", "value_resource_id": 4821, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4821", "display_title": "3D model for GP0290", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0290_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "366" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats\nOkänd\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt.\n\nBeskrivning\nFragment av dvärgsten (period B), bevarad höjd 38 cm och bredd 19 cm. Spår av ett skepp, troligen med segel och en besättningsman.\n\nDatering\nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nVälkomstmotivet kan representera en valkyria som mottar en död man i Valhall.\n\nAA" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB7kkx3ou2jSb8bXgItwdGiAZeD9UJ5jRHp5PtSJKnsHFU?e=gkHVT1" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4821", "o:title": "3D model for GP0290" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2337", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2337, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T11:25:32+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4304", "o:id": 4304 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4304", "o:id": 4304 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0291" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents most of the head of a small picture stone with slightly convex upper edge, including its left protruding corner. The limestone slab is 37 wide, 22 high, and 4 thick. The carvings are quite deep and well-preserved, no traces of weathering. The preserved upper edge is damaged, a small piece broken off. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "24" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone is decorated on both sides. It is framed by a border with a geometrical pattern, namely a more sophisticated and elaborate version of the geometricized twisted cord pattern that is typical for middle-type picture stones. The remaining part of the upper image field preserves about the left half of a simple ship with towering stems that sharply bend inwards, a simple linear mast, and a small square sail. A small triangle or spike rising from the gunwale appears to represent a crewmember. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. As far as can be assumed, the small fragment originates from a Type B stone featuring a slightly convex head with corners protruding horizontally. The best parallels to the stone’s elaborate version of the geometricized interlace pattern are GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs and GP 142 Halla Broa VII. The Norrlanda stone, which belongs to Lindqvist’s Stenstugruppe, features a similar ship depiction in the head section, with similarly inward-angled stems and a square sail. The monuments of the Stenstugruppe are frequently decorated on both sides; Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The depiction of stylized crewmembers (see VI) is an unusual feature among the middle-type picture stones, cf. GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319", "value_resource_id": 2319, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2319", "display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2262", "value_resource_id": 2262, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2262", "display_title": "GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f956193a42eb52109d92bf802911eb716cbc5105.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0216.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Guber 2011, p. 159 cat. no. 100. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC11045" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4822", "value_resource_id": 4822, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4822", "display_title": "3D model for GP0291", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0291_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "367" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats\nOkänd\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt.\n\nBeskrivning\nFragment av dvärgsten (period B), 22 cm hög och 37 cm bred. Kantdekor och delar av ett skepp med mast och litet segel samt en liten tiangel.\n\nDatering\nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nIngen tolkning.\n\nAA" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgACubTOtZMVQJT4_tSSyuYFAQgZvvG4MTlLHtBGaLKgAq4?e=rvlyaj" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4822", "o:title": "3D model for GP0291" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2384, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:15+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:00:40+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3959", "o:id": 3959 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3959", "o:id": 3959 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3177", "o:id": 3177 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0339" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "St. Valle, Rute parish, in a medieval house foundation (RAÄ Rute 23:2). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Medieval Construction" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Rute" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Rute Stora Valle" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen i källargången enligt föremålskatalogen GF!" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in 1940 during excavations performed at a medieval house foundation called Munkkällaren (monk’s cellar) in St. Valle, Rute parish, near Valleviken in the North of Gotland (RAÄ Rute 23). However, it is not discussed in Lindqvist 1941/42 and it is not clearly registered in Lamm/Nylén 2003. The stone was “funnen i källargången” (found in the cellar passage). Apparently, it was re-used as building material in the medieval house. In addition, a complete type C stone (ca 1.90 m high) without any remains of carved pictures was found then, lying in front of the entrance to the house. This complete stone (GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1) was re-erected at the find spot and still stands there today. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2382", "value_resource_id": 2382, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2382", "display_title": "GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6415fa210aa9f136b71036b4d464c24ed01664fe.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Rute_sn_St_Valle_koncnr_529-41_Gunnar_Svahnström_1941.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Small piece of a 0.10 m thick stone slab, about 0.36 m wide and 0.29 m high. Made of relatively homogeneous limestone without bigger inclusions. The fragment represents a slab’s lower right part, approximately 15% of a relatively small monument (so called dwarf stone?). It has a distinct and well-preserved bas-relief, about 1–2 mm deep. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "33" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The relief features remain of an unusual rhombus-patterned border at its right side and the stern of a small ship at the left side. The ship’s hull has an almost rectangular shape. Only one man of the crew, looking to the left, can be seen. The lower part of the mast and the rudder are preserved. At the bottom right of the ship, between ship and border, approximately in the lower centre of the fragment, a stylized wave is depicted. A horned man appears to hover behind the stern of the ship, just above the wave. The figure can be seen in frontal view, with legs and arms slightly stretched sideways. Presumably, the man with huge horned headgear is touching the stern with his hand. Possibly, there are remains of a spear which the horned man is throwing into the ship. However, this detail remains unclear. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The horned man is a rare feature in the iconography of the Gotland picture stones. Possibly, there are two more stones depicting this motif, on GP 103 Garda Smiss II and GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. On the Rute fragment, he hovers behind the stern of a ship, on the waves of the sea, similar to the horned eidolon-figure (Greek spirit-image) who on the Vendel period helmet plates assists the equestrian in throwing his spear, as a kind of divine helper in battle, inspired by Roman depictions of the numen victoriae (Hauck 1981). \n\nThe motif on the Vendel plates can be connected to Old Norse written sources (Beck 1964, pp. 31–45) like the Skaldic poem Gráfeldardrápa (stanza 12) written by Glúmr Geirason (after 974), which conveys that the gods guide or steer (stýra) the heroes on the battle field (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, p. 78; B I, p. 68; Whaley 2012, p. 262). In the Eddic poem Hlǫðskviða stanza 28 (probably 9th century) the King of the Goths invokes Óðinn, god of war and father of the fallen, to steer his throwing spear (láti svá Óðinn flein fliúga – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 309). That the Vendel and Viking period depictions of horned warriors (the corpus is gathered by Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 140–146) can actually represent the god Wodan/Óðinn (detailed, with literature and sources: Oehrl 2017; Oehrl 2019, pp. 233–242) seems to be shown by the fact that some of them are one-eyed, like the so-called weapon dancer on one of the Torslunda models (Arrhenius/Freij 1992, p. 76, fig. 6; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 168). Óðinn is described as one-eyed in Skaldic and Eddic poetry since the 10th century. The horned and one-eyed figure from Torslunda is accompanied by a warrior with a wolf-like animal mask, reminiscent of the úlfheðnar – animal warriors mentioned in early Skaldic poetry who, according to Snorri Sturlusson’s Ynglinga saga (cap. 6 – Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson 1941, p. 17) are closely linked to the god Óðinn (Samson 2011; 2020). \n\nWith this background, it seems likely that the hovering horned figure behind the ship on the Rute fragment also represents a deity, probably the god Wodan/Óðinn. As on the helmet plates he could be regarded as a divine helper, accompanying and protecting the crew, like a kind of helping spirit. Alternatively, the god of the fallen heroes could in this case be considered as a psychopomp guiding the ship of the dead and escorting the deceased through their afterlife journey. According to Finngálkn í Jómsborg (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, pp. 186–187; B I, p. 176) and Grímnismál stanza. 8 (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, 58–59), Óðinn is choosing the fallen. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Presumably, the fragment belongs to a small C/D stone; however, it is not possible to determine its type with certainty. The stone’s shape is lost; small ships with only a few crew members and those with an almost rectangular hull occur on B and C/D stones as well, and the rhombus pattern of the border is very unusual; a parallel could be GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I. However, in this case the rhombus pattern is much coarser. The motif of a man with horned headgear is preserved on different objects dating to the 6th through 10th centuries. Concerning the dating of the Rute fragment, it can only be stated that the stone must have been carved during the 8th to 10th centuries. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unclear" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2016b; Oehrl 2017a; Oehrl 2017b, 108–110, fig. 12; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 227–245, pls. 275a, 276a–283b, 287a–b; Oehrl 2019b, pp. 143–144, fig. 2. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC9212_20" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4870", "value_resource_id": 4870, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4870", "display_title": "3D model for GP0339", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "366" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (80%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nHittad 1940 i en medeltida husgrund kallad Munkkällaren i Stora Valle, Rute socken. Funnen i källargången. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nLitet fragment (ca. 36 cm x 29.5 cm), ornerat med figurer och bård i tunn relief. Bakre delen av ett skepp med enstaka besättningsmedlem. Där bakom en svävande behornad mansfigur. Utmed kanten en bård med rombmönster. \n\nDatering \nKan inte anges med säkerhet; 700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nMansfigurer med horn respektive hornhjälm förekommer ofta i vikingatidens och vendeltidens konst. Motiven brukar tolkas som guden Oden. I fornnordisk litteratur bestämmer Oden vilka krigare som skall komma till Valhall. På den här stenen eskorterar han kanske fallna krigare på dödsskeppet på vägen till dödsriket. Två ytterligare behornade figurer är troligen avbildade på GP 103 Garda Smiss II och GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horn" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCd-1X3p8KjQ6Yw9sjv5ORpARhmqn0KTznTVi8Q0aG9uXs?e=pzmgPd" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2382", "o:title": "GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081", "o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2473", "o:title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2231", "o:title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081", "o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4870", "o:title": "3D model for GP0339" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2391", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2391, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 346 Sanda Sandegårda II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/3e4f075f5c709f4e3e4ffc26276adbead35fce53.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/3e4f075f5c709f4e3e4ffc26276adbead35fce53.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3e4f075f5c709f4e3e4ffc26276adbead35fce53.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:06:25+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3963", "o:id": 3963 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3963", "o:id": 3963 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3201", "o:id": 3201 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3202", "o:id": 3202 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 346 Sanda Sandegårda II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0346" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "(Lilla) Sandegårda (today Sandgårde) in Sanda parish, probably from the local Late Iron Age burial ground. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Sanda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Sanda Sandegårda" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 110) only notes that the picture stone no. II was delivered to Gotlands Fornsal in 1929. Regarding stone no. I, he mentions that it was found by the farmer W. Pettersson in Lilla Sandegårda, without giving a date (ibid.). \n\nAccording to a letter dated 1930-01-03 which is kept in ATA, both GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I and Sanda Sandegårda II were found in a grave field. No. II is said to have been discovered in 1929 by farmer Harald Hansson lying close to the surface in the burial ground. This is probably the burial ground registered by RAÄ as Sanda 36:1 (larger part of the cemetery south of the road) and 175:1 (smaller part north of the road). Finds have been brought in from here since the middle of the 19th century. In 1936, the cemetery was mapped by G. A. Hellmann, and about 575 burials were identified. Some graves located in the north-eastern edge were investigated by Hellman in 1937. The find material, including several coins, comprises mainly Vendel and Viking Age objects (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, pp. 615–618, stone no. II is mentioned on p. 616 but without any further information). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385", "value_resource_id": 2385, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2385", "display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 8–12 cm thick. The obverse is naturally even, curved, and features several deep depressions. The narrow sides, which severely have suffered from weathering just as the other sides, probably were chamfered towards the back. The reverse is raw. The stone’s height is 107 cm, of which 63.5 cm are accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the decoration. The width of the head is 35 cm, that of the neck 32 cm, and that of the base 45 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 110). The entire mushroom-shaped monument is preserved, including its large root. The surface is weathered and the carvings hard to discern. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "106" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "49" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "12" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the older photographs of the unpainted stone kept in ATA (run- och bildstenssamling, 1718:60 and dnr. 4903-29) and published in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 I, fig. 119), the pictorial representations are almost not visible at all. Lindqvist’s description corresponds to his picture of the painted stone from 1933 (ibid. figs. 106, 118): “The decoration was sketched out in lines and largely executed by the chiseling of the background fields. Apart from the base, the field is surrounded by an s-spun cord that forms a border without actually being a frame. A 2.5–3 cm wide band divides the field into two parts. The upper panel shows at its very top a motif reminiscent of a swastika, and below it, there are two figures facing each other – probably men – in different costumes. They appear to be shaking hands. In the lower panel, an indistinct figure can be seen at the top, and below, three men are shown of whom the two on the right are dressed in the same manner as the two persons in the upper panel – they, too, seem to be shaking hands. The man on the left holds up his hand in their direction. Even today, the festive meaning of these images without words seems clear to every observer.” (ibid. II, p. 110). \n\nConcerning the men’s costume, at least two of them seem to wear harem trousers (Toplak 2011, pp. 61–65) while the others are dressed in long robes that reach down to the ankles. From the outstretched arms of all men, long tips hang down that reach almost to the ground and look like hanging sleeves. Men with long robes or harem trousers and hanging tips of the type described occur frequently on Type C/D picture stones, for example on GP 244 Lokrume kyrka, GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV, GP 532 Träkumla kyrka I, GP 280 När Smiss i, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I. There is little justification for regarding such figures with long robes and hanging tips as women (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 96; 1964, p. 68) or androgynous figures (Göransson 1999, pp. 67–68; cf. Helmbrecht 2011, p. 239; 2012, p. 88), as they often have male characteristics (beard), and ceremonial long robes may well have been worn by men. In Old Norse, the term slœður or slœðor (fem. pl.) denotes a trailing dress or, as in the case of Egill Skalla-Grímsson, the long trailing garment of a man (Egils saga ch. 67 – Sigurður Nordal 1933, p. 213). Toplak (2011, p. 48; cf. Ewing 2007, p. 171) associates the ankle-length garments, gathered at the hip, as depicted on GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, with the Old Norse term kyrtill. \n\nHowever, there is disagreement about the meaning of the hanging tip. It is not very likely that these represent long hanging sleeves (as suggested by Holmqvist 1976, p. 564; Ewing 2007, pp. 91, 93, 115, 119; Toplak 2011, pp. 40, 48), as there is no archaeological evidence for those from the Viking Age and they are unlikely to have appeared before the courtly culture of the High Middle Ages. It is more probable to assume a cloak-tip hanging down from the outstretched arm (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 77; Oehrl 2019a, p. 177). Such hanging tips of a cloak in connection with an ankle-length garment are frequently depicted in Carolingian and Ottonian art, such as in the depiction of King David in the Montpellier Psalter (Bibl. Montpellier Ms. 409; also called the Tassilopsalter – Dannheimer/Dopsch 1988, p. 351, fig. 240) or the coronation image of the Regensburg Sacramentary (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München Clm 4456, fol. 11r – Weinfurter et al. 2002, pp. 17–20, 269–270, fig. 2), to name two relevant examples. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290", "value_resource_id": 2290, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2290", "display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2298", "value_resource_id": 2298, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2298", "display_title": "GP0252", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8756c6dd0cc322865c80f13b95ab28be95fe5ebd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0252.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "It remains unclear whether the men are merely raising and shaking hands, in the sense of a ceremonial greeting or perhaps an act of oath taking, or whether they are perhaps holding drinking vessels in their hands with which they toast each other (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62, 169 fn. 1508). Depictions of ceremonial drinking, which also seems to include a kind of oath taking, can be seen on GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka I, with the drinkers wearing the same ceremonial costumes with long robes and hanging cloaks that also characterise the men of Sandegårda II. Depictions of otherworldly drinking parties in Oðinn’s Valhǫll have also been considered, against the background of the importance of eschatological ideas in the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones. For more details concerning these interpretations, see the relevant articles (and Oehrl 2019a, pp. 169–180). Alternatively, a duel could be depicted, similar to the image of När Smiss I, or a ritual clashing of weapons, as has been suggested for the swordsmen on GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I and GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV (Schwab 1994, p. 508, fn. 63), although no weapons are clearly visible on the Sandegårda Stone. Besides the Smiss stone, duels are also depicted on GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I and GP 3 Alskog kyrka. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2298", "value_resource_id": 2298, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2298", "display_title": "GP0252", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8756c6dd0cc322865c80f13b95ab28be95fe5ebd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0252.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050", "value_resource_id": 2050, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2050", "display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44), who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his period 4, i.e., Late Vendel Period. The best parallels concerning iconography are among the large stones that Lindqvist ascribes to his Lärbro group (see VI and VII). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 42, 48, 94, 117, 121, figs. 106, 118–119; II, p. 110; Schwab 1994, p. 508, fn. 63; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 616; Toplak 2011, pp. 40, 48; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62, 169 fn. 1508, 177, 289, fig. 28b. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Sanda, Sandegårda II" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC6990" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4877", "value_resource_id": 4877, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4877", "display_title": "3D model for GP0346", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0346_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "217" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffades 1929 liggande på gravfältet vid gården. Stenen överlämnades samma år till Gotlands museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nUtställd i Bildstenshallen på Gotlands museum. \n\nBeskrivning \nSen dvärgsten (period C/D), 107 cm hög och som bredast 63,5 cm. Spår av en fläta som delar stenen i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en svastika och därunder två motställda män, som verkar skaka hand. I det nedre bildfältet en oklar människofigur överst och under denna tre män, varav två skakar hand och en håller upp sin hand mot de två andra. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen klar tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "swastika" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hand" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "trousers" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cloak" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cup" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCJkTpg_AdyR5i4zr8VZJOiAU7MR8YHIbQP6qCJMig0cGM?e=K5fwSl" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385", "o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2386", "o:title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576", "o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4877", "o:title": "3D model for GP0346" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2430", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2430, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T08:37:28+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4358", "o:id": 4358 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4358", "o:id": 4358 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10 " } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0385" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Påträffad vid restaurering av kyrkan" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Visby" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Visby Airport" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Other" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in Stenkyrka church, where it had been re-used as building material. More information about the actual find location and kind of re-use is not available. In his book “Gotlands Bildsteine”, Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during a large-scale restoration, which was carried out in 1954/55 according to plans by the architect Rolf Bergh. Stenkyrka kyrka 10 was also found on this occasion, in 1955. Today, the stone is on display in the arrival hall of Visby Airport. \n\nThe earliest church at this place was probably a wooden building that was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the twelfth century. The foundations of the first stone church have been discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the thirteenth century. The nave was erected shortly after the dedication of the choir in 1255, the new tower between 1280 and 1310 (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, pp. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church but in the entire parish is an indicator of the political and religious position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (see Roosval 1914, p. 5). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 1.44 m high and 0.70 m wide between the protruding corners of the head. The mushroom-shaped monument is almost completely preserved and undamaged; only a small part of the root is broken off at an angle at the bottom. The obverse is relatively flat and well-preserved. However, the head field is somewhat uneven and more weathered. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "144" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The bas-relief depictions were secondarily repainted after the discovery of the stone; a corresponding photograph (neg. no. XV:440) is preserved in the old catalogue of Gotlands Fornsal (kartoteket). The following can be taken from the photo: The obverse is divided into two picture panels, a head field and a lower field. The lower field shows, on a row of six waves turned to the left, a sailing ship with a chequered sail. The sail’s upper framing line separates the ship image from the head field. The hull of the ship is box-shaped, with vertically ascending stems tapering to a point at the top. On the ship, apparently standing with their feet on the railing, three crew members are depicted facing left, one to the left of the mast and two to the right. While the figure on the far right remains extremely unclear (perhaps he is seated holding the rudder that extends from the hull at the bottom right), the other two men are clearly visible. They have long, pony-tailed hair and are each holding a sheet rope in their hands, which is connected to the lower framing line of the sail. In the upper field, only very faint remnants of the decoration are visible, probably parts of the extremities and body of a horse. It is likely to have been an equestrian motif. The border that frames the picture fields is filled with a complex interlace pattern that forms a row of figure-eight-shaped elements. On the left side, however, this unusual pattern merges into irregular, diffuse decoration. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the (eschatological) interpretation of the ship and horseman motifs see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone. The monument belongs to a small group of large Type C(/D) stones with slightly convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, tbl. III). Best examples are GP 37 Bro Eriks I, GP 45 Bro Eriks II, GP 185 Hejnum Rings, and GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1 (and also the Type E stone GP 32 Boge kyrka, which represents a palimpsest). This head shape corresponds to certain Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ. Therefore, Lindqvist (ibid. p. 46) regards the mentioned monuments as a “Hybridgruppe”, probably representing a phase of transition between ʻAbschnittʼ B and C. If this interpretation is correct, those stones could be regarded as the earliest Type C stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or possibly around 700. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2084", "value_resource_id": 2084, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2084", "display_title": "GP0037", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/49e5d0744d4567eff73da218d9c0b41f3f202a35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0037.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2092", "value_resource_id": 2092, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2092", "display_title": "GP0045", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a7fed3f3c9db0e91e02faae04e0847813ef2afc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0045.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2231", "value_resource_id": 2231, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2231", "display_title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0185A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237", "value_resource_id": 2237, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2237", "display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/855ec9431b6c9e9bfbe4f6c67dad7f8bf35813e5.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2079", "value_resource_id": 2079, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2079", "display_title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/654d1307c8195d98c52882ecdf4f2f2a47998687.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0032A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2019a, p. 211. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Kirche IX" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC10797" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4916", "value_resource_id": 4916, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4916", "display_title": "3D model for GP0385", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0385_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "238" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1954-55 i Stenkyrka kyrka, men oklart var. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nVisby flygplats. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn svampformig bildsten (period C/D), 144 cm hög och 70 cm bred. Bildstenen är uppdelad i två bildfält. I det nedre bildfältet vågor, ett skepp med segel och tre stående besättningsmän, som håller i riggen. I det övre bildfältet svaga spår av en häst, troligen rester av en ryttarfigur. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6411166" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709898" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBu2l9hhlgWQav_2ybew_6GATSZoI43fY4sBgyJPmQmoIY?e=tNkA6m" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4916", "o:title": "3D model for GP0385" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/262", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 262, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2430", "o:id": 2430 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.793225555984826, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.531656617855674, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2436, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T11:06:42+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4366", "o:id": 4366 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4366", "o:id": 4366 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0391" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, on a stone mound. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hittades i den sydvästra kanten av grav 3, som med sin norra kant tangerade grav 2 i vilket sten nr VII hittades" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, and only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908. The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V was collected by Svensson near the road in the southern part of the grave field (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). “This stone was found in the upper part of a stone mound with a diameter of 6 m, about 25 m south of the find place of [GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] III. The stone lay just south of the stone setting’s centre and had fallen over, with the head towards the south” (ibid. 124). The picture stones I–VI (SHM 13742) were delivered to Statens Historiska Museum by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414", "value_resource_id": 2414, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2414", "display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415", "value_resource_id": 2415, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2415", "display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416", "value_resource_id": 2416, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2416", "display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2417", "value_resource_id": 2417, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2417", "display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0372.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418", "value_resource_id": 2418, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2418", "display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422", "value_resource_id": 2422, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2422", "display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423", "value_resource_id": 2423, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2423", "display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424", "value_resource_id": 2424, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2424", "display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425", "value_resource_id": 2425, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2425", "display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426", "value_resource_id": 2426, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2426", "display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434", "value_resource_id": 2434, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2434", "display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437", "value_resource_id": 2437, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2437", "display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438", "value_resource_id": 2438, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2438", "display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439", "value_resource_id": 2439, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2439", "display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440", "value_resource_id": 2440, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2440", "display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441", "value_resource_id": 2441, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2441", "display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474", "value_resource_id": 2474, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2474", "display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475", "value_resource_id": 2475, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2475", "display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476", "value_resource_id": 2476, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2476", "display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485", "value_resource_id": 2485, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2485", "display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 16 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards it, the reverse is rough and unworked. The total height is 82 cm, of which probably no less than 65–70 cm was intended to be visible above ground. The root, which survived in its entirety, has an almost straight lower edge that enabled such an installation. The width of the head is 40 cm, that of the neck 32 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 124). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved. In the lower part, the slab is dark in colour and still overgrown by lichen. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "82" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "40" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "16" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone is not painted, and Olof Sörling’s sketch-like drawing published in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 514), which does not depict any carvings, is the only documentation available. Nevertheless, there are remains of the decoration discernable on the stone, which are described by Lindqvist as follows: “The stone is decorated with at least 3 mm wide and 1 mm deep lines with rounded bases and with faintly chiseled background fields. Owing to severe weathering, the approximately 8 cm wide framing border (probably with ribbon pattern) is only indistinctly discernible. In the field, beneath a horizontal line just below the neck, probably two men standing upright are shown” (ibid. p. 124). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Those stones, if only few remains of decoration are left, can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and about AD 1100. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 124, fig. 514. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs V" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4922", "value_resource_id": 4922, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4922", "display_title": "3D model for GP0391", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0391_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "281" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "13742" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1908 på ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1909. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), 82 cm hög och som bredast 40 cm. Bildstenen är vittrad, men med rester av kantdekor och uppdelad i två bildfält. Möjligen spår av två stående män i det nedre bildfältet. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6410855" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "710614" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBTalTTNKaGRIdw28AraQQoAZLZKdUm7ZImqBwtqrcTo8c?e=mXbR7U" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414", "o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415", "o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417", "o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418", "o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422", "o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423", "o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424", "o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425", "o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426", "o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434", "o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437", "o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438", "o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439", "o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440", "o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441", "o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474", "o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475", "o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476", "o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485", "o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4922", "o:title": "3D model for GP0391" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/265", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 265, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436", "o:id": 2436 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.790101605741064, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.543403860250464, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2440, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T08:59:38+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4369", "o:id": 4369 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4369", "o:id": 4369 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0395" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, location unknown. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent the stones to SHM [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs necropolis as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones XV–XVIII were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson and delivered to Gotlands Museum by Fredrik Nordin in 1911 or 1913 respectively. About these stones, according to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 121), “[...] only little of importance could be found out”. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414", "value_resource_id": 2414, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2414", "display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415", "value_resource_id": 2415, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2415", "display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", 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"https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425", "value_resource_id": 2425, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2425", "display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426", "value_resource_id": 2426, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2426", "display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434", "value_resource_id": 2434, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2434", "display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436", "value_resource_id": 2436, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2436", "display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437", "value_resource_id": 2437, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2437", "display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438", "value_resource_id": 2438, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2438", "display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439", "value_resource_id": 2439, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2439", "display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441", "value_resource_id": 2441, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2441", "display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474", "value_resource_id": 2474, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2474", "display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475", "value_resource_id": 2475, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2475", "display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476", "value_resource_id": 2476, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2476", "display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485", "value_resource_id": 2485, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2485", "display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents a piece of the lower part of a late-type picture stone, including its lower right corner and the lower part of the right edge. The root is broken off. “Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The obverse is unworked, but at least reasonably even. The preserved piece of the lower part of the right narrow side is hewn at right angles towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. The surviving fragment is up to 56 cm wide and 58 cm high” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 127). The surface is weathered but the carvings are still relatively easily discernible. \n\nThere are some similarities between Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII and GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX, in particular, regarding the border pattern (see VI), wherefore Lindqvist considered (1941/42 II, p. 125) “[…] that both stones were executed by the same person. Considering the circumstances of the discoveries, the possibility may even be considered that the two stones originally were part of the same monument.” According to Lindqvist, it turned out, however, that a cast made of Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII in Gotlands Fornsal did not match the fragment GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX which is kept in SHM. “Therefore, I rather tend towards the opinion that No. IX never had a decorated field that was larger than that preserved today and therefore cannot have constituted the upper part of No. XVII. \"" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416", "value_resource_id": 2416, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2416", "display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "57" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "56" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist provides only one picture of the fragment, a photo of the painted stone, which was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937 (1941/42 I, fig. 107; ATA B3:91a). He describes the traced depictions briefly as follows (ibid. II, p. 127): “The stone is decorated partly with finely carved lines, partly with slightly chiseled background fields. Despite considerable weathering that damaged the stone, chisel marks still are particularly clear between the waves and in the framing border. In the latter, [an interlace pattern which forms a row of s-shaped elements] can be seen; in the field there is a watercraft with four identifiable crewmen. As usual, a row of waves, breaking to the right, was depicted below the vessel. The row of waves in the lower edge of the ship’s hull […] probably also was carved and hardly can be interpreted as the result of natural irregularities.” The ship’s rectangular sail features a rhombic pattern with alternately raised and sunken fields, and crewmen are depicted with round shields and detailed faces. One of them seems to wear a spear or sword on his shoulder. The stem is slightly upward-curling. Above the sail, the bottom part of the upper image panel appears to be preserved. \n\nTwo more interpretations of the carvings are kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling, a photo taken by Faith-Ell in 1933 showing a differing paint version (1751:18a), and a drawing by Olof Sörling. On the 1933 photo the entire crew and also the additional row of waves on the ship’s hull are missing. These details have also not been considered by Sörling. Furthermore, the drawing does only depict a few remains of the sail’s pattern, while the stem appears to end in an animal head. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, obviously Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Vareniusʼ (1992, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features a simple rectangular sail without depicted rigging, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone after AD 750. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 107; II, pp. 121, 125, 127; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 485 cat. no. 836. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XVII" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC2483" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4926", "value_resource_id": 4926, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4926", "display_title": "3D model for GP0395", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0395_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "292" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1910-12 på gravfältet Lillbjärs, och lämnades till Gotlands Museum 1911 eller 1913. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nNedre delar av svampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD), bevarad höjd 58 cm och som bredast 56 cm. Trots att stenen är vittrad finns det spår av vågor, skepp med segel och fyra besättningsmän med sköldar. En av dem bär ett svärd eller ett spjut över axeln. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAu9gytbNeaTaoYAxvH9D4DAeWy7wehmteMlxJygcBFlIA?e=tPP8c1" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414", "o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415", "o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417", "o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418", "o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422", "o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423", "o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424", "o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425", "o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426", "o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434", "o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436", "o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437", "o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438", "o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439", "o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441", "o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474", "o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475", "o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476", "o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485", "o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4926", "o:title": "3D model for GP0395" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2473, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:18+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T09:47:35+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3864", "o:id": 3864 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3864", "o:id": 3864 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0428" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inside Stenkyrka church, incorporated into the altar. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Påträffad vid restaurering av kyrkan, under högaltaret" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found by Greta Arwidsson during restorations of Stenkyrka church in 1954/55. According to Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, 10–11), a wooden church at this spot had been the very first church building in the entire northern part of Gotland. It was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the 12th century, the foundations of which were discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the 13th century (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, p. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). \n\nThe unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the politically and religiously important position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during large-scale restoration works, which were carried out in 1954/55. The picture stone fragment no. 46 was re-used in a prominent location, under the medieval high altar. It has been briefly discussed and published by Lindqvist in 1956 (pp. 19–25, fig. 1). Today, it is on exhibition in Gotland’s Museum in Visby. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Only a fragment of this limestone stele was found. Upper and lower parts are broken off, the sides and border decoration are preserved, but no chamfered edges are visible. On the left side of the fragment, there is a vertically running fracture. The material contains fossils. The surface seems weathered and damaged. The fragment is 0.49 m in height and 0.94 m in width. The depth cannot be measured at this time, since the fragment is put in a wooden case for display at Gotlands Fornsal. The original size of this stele can only be roughly estimated by a comparison with other monuments of the same type (Martebo-type, see IX). Presumably, it was about 2.0 m tall. Recent research conducted by Hannah Strehlau suggests that Stenkyrka kyrka 46 and GP 268 Martebo kyrka (I) represent fragments of the same tall picture stone. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2314", "value_resource_id": 2314, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2314", "display_title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/aecb9b7fd2144e277ea39955771f9bf58312c293.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0268.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "50" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "95" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Lindqvist’s colouring, which is still visible on the stone today and essentially can be confirmed in its accuracy, the fragment features a symmetrical rowing boat with curved, raised stems, as it is quite commonly seen on Type A stones. The boat’s hull is extremely slender and narrows down towards the stems even further. Seven oars can be made out, which are operated by six visible crew members, whose bodies are depicted almost completely, sitting aboard with bent knees. The figures face right; consequently, the boat is moving left. To the boat’s extreme right, in its stern, a figure is sitting in an elevated position, holding a steering-board (rudder) and looking towards the crew. To the left, in the bow, another crew member stands upright in the stem, facing left and apparently holding another, long steering-board (rudder) in its hand. In the middle of the boat is an oblong structure, which may be identified as a chamber, tent, or cabin. On its roof rests a row of seven ring-shaped objects, the meaning of which remains unclear (shields?). Similar depictions of rowing boats are carved on the stones GP 43 Bro kyrka I (incl. cabin and rings), GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV (incl. cabin with rings and crew), GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I (incl. cabin with rings), GP 269 Martebo kyrka 2 (incl. cabin), and presumably GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV (cabin with rings). Above the boat, the curling tail of a serpent protrudes into the picture. It probably belongs to one of the beasts commonly encircling the disc motifs of Type A stones. Above the boat’s stern, Lindqvist’s illustration of the stone also shows a spear, with its barbed head towards the left and the shaft slightly bent, which appears to be flying from the right to the left across the vessel, the helmsman, and the cabin. \n\nAn analysis of the carvings based on 3D digitisation revealed that there is a ring-shaped depression below the spear which resembles the head of the man operating the steer board in the left part of the image. Lines appear to emerge from this ring, the most prominent of which is an oblique line beginning under the ring and then running right and upwards towards the spear shaft (an arm?), another one running downwards (a human body?). It seems that these structures represent the remains of an anthropomorphic figure that appears to be floating above the ship’s crew and hurling the weapon (Oehrl 2019a, p. 120, pl. 80; in print a, fig. 16–18). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600", "value_resource_id": 2600, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2600", "display_title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0556.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2315", "value_resource_id": 2315, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2315", "display_title": "GP 269 Martebo kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/778ee1610e36237b90205d0a244c65ba86aa6820.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0269.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2243", "value_resource_id": 2243, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2243", "display_title": "GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/94855a3d27d51b795f42d8419b4eef1c2ec89904.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0197.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist and after him particularly Karl Hauck have drawn attention to the special significance of the barbed spear (Lindqvist 1956, p.23; Hauck 1983a, pp. 533, 536, 543, 546, 569, fig. 33a–b; cf. Althaus 1993, pp. 149–152 and Pieper 1999, pp. 308–309). The image, they propose, is associated with a ritual known from Old Norse literature that served as the signal of the commencement of the battle between two opposing forces: a spear was hurled over the hostile army to consecrate it to Óðinn, god of the dead. After a successful outcome, this would include the promise to deliver the defeated army to the god as spoils of war. Dedications of this sort (without mentioning a spear) are recorded in antique sources, such as by Orosius for the Cimbri and Teutones (Historiae adversus paganos V: 16, 1–7), by Tacitus for the Hermunduri and Chatti (Annales XIII: 57), and by Jordanes (Getica V: 40) and Isidore (Historia Gothorum 14) for the Goths. Saxo Grammaticus explicitly states that Harald Hilditann dedicated the souls of any enemy slain by him to Othinus (Óðinn) (Gesta Danorum VII: 10). \n\nLiterary evidence of the ‘throwing of the spear’ and the concepts related to it were collected by Hans Kuhn (Kuhn 1978, pp. 247–258). The ritual is associated with Óðins spear, as occasionally the god appears to perform the shot himself as well as guiding the spear’s flight. Early evidence is found, for example, in the Edda’s Battle of Goths and Huns, the so-called Hlǫðskviða (stanzas 27–28), which belongs to the earliest examples of eddic heroic poetry. It probably dates to the 9th century but is based on traditions that trace back to events during the Migration Period. The poem quotes an invocation preceding the ritualistic ‘throwing of the spear’ across the enemy lines, which indicates that Óðinn himself apparently was expected to be involved in the fateful shot: Felmtr er yðro fylki, / feigr er yðvarr vísir, / gnæfar yðr gunnfani, / gramr er yðr Óðinn. [...] hrósi yðr / at hái hveriom, / oc láti svá Óðinn flein fliúga [...] (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 309). – ‘Terrified is your army, doomed is your leader, the battle flag is rising above you, angry at you is Óðinn. […] May Óðinn horrify every one of you and let the spear fly […].’ \n\nAccording to Vǫluspá (stanza 24), which is dated to the late 10th century or about the year 1000, it is with a primordial throw of a spear that the god brings the first war into the world (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 6). Spectacularly embellished are the concrete consequences of the ‘spear dedication’ in Styrbjarnar þáttr in the 14th-century Flateyarbók. Here, Óðinn personally presents the Swedish King Eirek with a reed cane and instructs him to fling it over the band of his adversaries and shout: Óðinn á yðr álla! – ‘Óðinn owns you all!’ During its passage over the enemy lines, the cane then turns into the god’s fateful spear, and as a direct consequence, the enemy soldiers first go blind and are then completely destroyed by a rock fall (Unger/Guðbrandur Vigfússon 1860–1868 II, pp. 70–73). In Eyrbyggja saga, Óðinn is not mentioned by name, but the saga says that it was an old pagan custom (forn siðr) to throw a spear to commence hostilities (Einar Ólafur Sveinsson/Matthías Þórðarson 1935, p. 122). \n\nThat this is not merely a literary topos or a mythological motif is possibly demonstrated by the magnificent damascene lances, decorated with symbols and runic inscriptions, from the third century, which primarily originate from the East Germanic (Gothic) regions and may be interpreted as ritual weapons (Düwel 1981, pp. 141–147; Hachmann 1993; Grünzweig 2004, pp. 17–39). One example is the spear shaft from the moor at Kragehul in Fyn, Danmark (5th century), the runic inscription on which probably includes a consecration or curse. The relevant sequence reads hagalawijubig, from which at least the terms hagal, ‘perdition’ or ʻhailʼ (precipitation), and wiju, ‘I dedicate/consecrate’, can be identified. The inscription’s meaning appears to indicate: ‘Perdition/hail I dedicate [to the spear]’ (KJ 27; Düwel 1981, pp. 140–141; Pieper 1999, pp. 316–321). \n\nThe spear flying over the boat in the picture stone of Stenkyrka can be understood either as the depiction of a concrete and very real ritualistic act or rather as a symbol, as a cipher and iconographic feature, which marks the boat’s crew as being dead or doomed. At the same time and similar to the literary tradition, the spear appears to symbolise the presence of and the influence by the god of the dead as well as his claim to the slain. If the interpretation of the possible carvings below the spear given above (see VI) is correct, the god himself seems to be depicted, floating above the boat, throwing the spear of death and by doing so determining the crewmen’s fate, bringing about their deaths in battle, and taking possession of the warriors on board of the vessel. The stone fragment from Stenkyrka might be considered a key monument, as it appears to be evidence of the role of rowing boats as transport vessels for the dead (regarding this aspect see GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV). Sylvia Althaus (1993, pp. 150–151), however, regards the spear as a kind of mark, which characterises only the helmsman who is sitting right next to the weapon. She compares the sign of the spear to the different kinds of triple symbols, which frequently occur on the Viking Period picture stones. \n\nThere are more picture stones from the Viking Period to be mentioned, which probably also feature a flying spear, implicating a similar symbolic meaning (Oehrl in print a). On GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I [C] the spear is flying above a war ship, and on the monuments GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII [D] and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I [D] it flies above the horseman on the eight-legged horse. The fragment GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2 depicts a horned man, probably a deity (Óðinn?), who seems to direct a spear against a ship or its crew respectively. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46 is an early type of picture stone, i.e. Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating to between AD 400 and 600. The fragment belongs to Lindqvist’s (1941, p. 22) Martebo-type because of the significant border decoration and the serpent (cf. GP 268 Martebo kyrka [I]; GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV, GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I). Lindqvist regards the Martebo-type as an exclusive variant of the Bro-typus (in particular, GP 43 Bro kyrka I and GP 44 Bro kyrka II). Hauck's (1983b, p. 541) classification also agrees with this, which means that the monument belongs to his type II. \n\nIn Strehlau’s (2023, pp. 95 f.; List 4) new typology suggestion, GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46 is part of the Bro-Martebo Group as she sees more similarities than differences between the Martebo-type stones and the Bro-type stones. Therefore, she regards all of them as one group and only distinguishes them as stones with minor variations (see also the article on GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV). As mentioned above, GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46 is now regarded as the lower part of GP 268 Martebo kyrka I and is therefore part of another key monument of phase A (Strehlau et al. forthcoming; see also the article on GP 268 Martebo kyrka I). \nHS / SO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2314", "value_resource_id": 2314, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2314", "display_title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/aecb9b7fd2144e277ea39955771f9bf58312c293.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0268.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600", "value_resource_id": 2600, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2600", "display_title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0556.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2091", "value_resource_id": 2091, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2091", "display_title": "GP 44 Bro kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b84267d54155e216a589788ea581cbbf000190f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0044.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "A (ca. 400-600)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1956, pp. 19–25, bild 1; Hauck 1969, p. 40; 1970, pp. 301, 308; 1980b, p. 540; 1981a, pp. 7–8; 1983a, pp. 533, 536, 543, 546, 569; 1983b, pp. 447–448; 1992a, 454–455; 1992b, p. 143; 1993, p. 410; 1994b, p. 81; 1998a, p. 512; Ellmers 1978a, fig. 7a; Varenius 1992, p. 57, fig. 9; Althaus 1993, pp. 149–152; Pieper 1999, pp. 308–309; Guber 2011, p. 146 cat. no. 73; Oehrl 2011b. p. 67; 2019a, p. 102, pl. 80a–c; in print a; Strehlau et al. forthcoming. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC11145" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4959", "value_resource_id": 4959, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4959", "display_title": "3D model for GP0428", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0428_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "274" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1954/55 vid restaurering av Stenkyrka kyrka, då den satt under altarskivan. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nTillhugget fragment av en tidig bildsten (typ A), 49 x 94 cm, med roddarskepp med två rorsmän. Över skeppet en flygande människofigur som kastar ett spjut. Över detta motiv en slingrande svans till en orm. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nRoddarskeppet har tolkats som ett dödsskepp i underjorden (Andrén 2012, 2014) och spjutet över skeppet som Odens spjut som kastades vid inledningen av en strid, och som markerade att fienderna var dömda att dö och skulle tillfalla Oden. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "boat" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "serpent" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cabin" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6411166" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709898" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgC2Yb3LUhbMTanOD2hsFaTmAdtQAtJfiqq5UK8ea1xJkwo?e=mXtebt" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2314", "o:title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2478", "o:title": "GP 433 Stenkyrka kyrka 11" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2049", "o:title": "GP 2 Akebäck kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2205", "o:title": "GP 159 Halla kyrka (I)" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2243", "o:title": "GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2235", "o:title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2600", "o:title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2314", "o:title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2395", "o:title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2314", "o:title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2395", "o:title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4959", "o:title": "3D model for GP0428" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/296", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 296, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473", "o:id": 2473 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.793225555984826, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.531656617855674, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2478", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2478, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 433 Stenkyrka kyrka 11", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": null, "medium": null, "square": null }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:18+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T10:00:33+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": null, "o:media": [], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 433 Stenkyrka kyrka 11" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0433" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Påträffad vid restaurering av kyrkan" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone was found in the church of Stenkyrka, which is also mentioned in Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, pp. 10–11). The earliest church at this place was a wooden building that was replaced by a stone structure in the first half of the 12th century. The foundations of the early church were discovered beneath the floor of the current church, built during the 13th century; further remains are preserved in the gable walls of the nave (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, pp. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). In his book “Gotlands Bildsteine”, Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the political and religious position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (see Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church, including Stenkyrka kyrka 11, were discovered during a large-scale restoration, which was carried out in 1954/55 according to plans by the architect Rolf Bergh. The restoration report which is kept at ATA (F1 Antikvarisk-topografiska dossierer, Go, Stenkyrka kyrka, 1955) does not contain information about the position in which the stone was encountered in the church wall, when it was built in, or what function it might have served. The 1954/55 finds are largely undocumented and unpublished. An exception is GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46, which was used as an altar slab; it was discussed and published by Lindqvist in 1956. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473", "value_resource_id": 2473, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2473", "display_title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0428.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents the right part of the head of a tall Type C picture stone (Oehrl 2019a, pls. 237a–c). The break line on the left side runs down vertically; at the lower edge, it is irregular. At the lower-right corner, the pointed edge of the characteristic, mushroom-shaped head is missing. The piece is made of limestone and has a maximum height of 0.77 m and a maximum width of 0.57 m. The carved figures in low relief are only slightly raised, less than 1 mm high. Nonetheless, in most cases, the contours of the figures are clearly recognisable, as their smoothed surfaces stand out clearly against the carefully and evenly chiselled rough background. In general, the relief appears rather fresh and does not exhibit significant traces of weathering or abrasion. There are a few small pits and wart-like structures of natural origin, but apart from this, the image area is fairly even and undamaged. \n\nApparently, some black paint had been applied shortly after the stone’s discovery, but this is now almost completely faded or washed off (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 237b–c). The colour of the right half of the image-bearing surface differs from that of the rest of the stone, as it appears slightly brownish and is surrounded by a thin, dark, and rectangular frame (ibid.). This frame seems to be of dust or soot, but it adheres firmly to the surface and cannot be removed with a hand brush. These differences in colour appear to be due to storage conditions. Possibly, another object – either while the stone was built in the church or during its storage in the museum’s depot – rested on the stone’s obverse for some considerable time. The condition might also indicate that at some unknown moment after the fragment’s discovery, the right part of the image-bearing surface was moulded with latex or silicone. There is, however, no information about such a procedure. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "73" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "57" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lamm notes in his list that next to the border, there are figurative images, including two women (“I övre fält bl.a. kvinnobilder”). In a photo collection kept at Gotland’s Museum (Bildstenar, N–V, okänd fyndplats [extra foto]) there is a photograph that show the stone with tracings in black paint, which probably was taken soon after the fragment was delivered to the Museum in 1954/55 (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 237a). Attached to the photo are brief details – dimensions, year of discovery, material – as well as a short sentence describing the stone’s images: “Halva överdelen av stenen med bandfläta och 2 scener med människor” (ʻHalf of the upper part of the stone with interlace and two scenes with humansʼ). The tracing, as it can be seen on this photo from the 1950s, reveals the following pictures: \n\nAt the remaining edge of the stone’s head, the complex interlace pattern of a border is clearly visible. In the lower part of the fragment, there are the remnants of a wide, horizontal border with an indistinct pattern, which separates two image panels. Of the lower panel, only a small part has survived; on it, there is a small roundel, surrounded by further, but unrecognisable elements. The upper image panel is preserved to its full height, but the left half is gone. A narrow, vertical bar divides the surviving surface into two fields. In the left field, a tall, upright anthropomorphic figure can be seen that could represent a man in a tunic, with a short chin (beard?) and hair or braids ascending to his neck. It might also be a woman, however. The figure is turned to the left, towards further but blurred elements, possibly another vertical border. The figure’s arms are pointed downwards, with the forearms slightly bent. The left forearm appears to merge into a loop-shaped object, while the right touches the vertical border. In the right field, also traced with paint, another human figure is turned to the left, and there is a wide braid down its neck. The figure’s arms hang down and end in stumps at about waist level. From the waist down, this peculiar figure is surrounded with a variety of elongated or wavy, serpentine shapes that cannot be clearly defined and are difficult to describe. \n\nA re-investigation of the stone in 2013, based on RTI-technology and 3D models, produced a modified reading of the imagery (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 212–213, pls. 238a–244b). While emerging quite clearly, the anthropomorphic figure in the left field offers few details. The chin and the long hair, highlighted by paint in the old photograph, cannot be made out with certainty. The most distinct part is the torso, down to about waist level, with the straight arms pointing downwards. The left arm appears to merge into (or be stuck in) a round, disc-shaped object. The end of the other arm could be designed the same way, but it is too vague to determine. As there seem to be no legs, these either have been carved very weakly, or instead a woman in a long dress is depicted. An identification of the figure as a woman is more probable than as a man, but there can be no certainty. Very clear is the vertical divider that in its lower half describes a slight curve. There are remains of a further vertical border to the left of the large anthropomorphic figure near the break. The anthropomorphic figure in the right image field could not be verified by Oehrl; where the head of this figure was supposed to be, only a rough, uneven surface was recorded, and the structure formerly identified as a braid is in fact only an isolated, worm-like shape. Likewise, the alleged arms turned out to be worm-like or serpentine figures. Two such ‘serpents’ can be seen clearly in the lower-right corner, and possibly more in the field’s centre and the lower-left corner. In the lower part of the field, there also is a slightly curled and tapering ribbon, which appears to represent another ‘serpent’. On the other hand, however, it also is reminiscent of the head of a bird of prey with a hooked beak. Two appendices, pointing upwards and downwards, respectively, could be interpreted as wings. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "If the object into which the arms of the human figure in the left image field merge can in fact be regarded as a ring, two interpretations are viable: They either are enormous jewellery rings on the woman’s wrists, shown disproportionally large, or shackles tying her hands. There are several examples in early medieval art for the depiction of fetters as rings, both in Christian iconography (notably in the case of the bound Satan) and in late Iron-Age imagery in Northern Europe (Oehrl 2011a, esp. pp. 18–25; 2015a, pp. 469–471). A particularly close example is the fragment of the cross-shaft no. 1 in Kirkby Stephen in Cumbria, England, dated to the tenth century. The bearded man portrayed on it is tied with ring-shaped shackles on hands and feet and (among other ideas) has been interpreted as the bound figure of either Satan or the Norse god Loki (Bailey/Cramp 1988, p. 120, figs. 390–393; Kopár 2012, pp. 84–85, 88, fig. 35; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 126–127 with further references, fig. 237). \n\nIf we regard the human figure of Stenkyrka kyrka 11 to be shown both fettered and next to a small rectangular room full of worm- or snakelike animals, the same interpretative options as in the case of GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I, and GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI could be considered (see there, with references). If the figure is male, it could be the hero Gunnarr, who according to the Old Norse tradition of the Nibelung legend met his death in a ‘snake yard’ or snake pit. Possibly the scene depicts the moment just before he is thrown to the snakes or before the snakes are sent into the chamber. Or perhaps the scene deals with the wicked god Loki, who, as told comprehensively by Snorri Sturluson, is punished by the Æsir, tied up in a snake cave, and tormented by a venomous snake. But another interpretation may be the depiction of a post-mortem place of punishment, inhabited by serpents, based on Christian models, as featured in the eddic poem Vǫluspá. If, however, there was a bird with a hooked beak among the worms in the right chamber, this group of animals could be linked to the description of hell in the Old English poem Solomon and Saturn (lines 468–474) of the ninth or tenth century. In it, hell provides not only ‘pale asps’ (blace nædran) and ʻsnake yards’ (wyrmgeardas), but also ʻbloody eagles’ (blodige earnas) for the punishment of Satan and his supporters (van Kirk Dobbie 1968, p. 47). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065", "value_resource_id": 2065, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2065", "display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0018.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The form of the head (as far as can be determined) and the pattern of the border indicate a monumental stone of Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C, and the design of its interlace pattern and the horizontal partition of the field of the stone’s head is particularly reminiscent of prominent stones of the Lärbro group (GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I and GP 255 Lärbro St. Hammars III). Lindqvist dated these picture stones to around AD 700 or the early 8th century, but according to Eshleman (1983), the Lärbro group was strongly influenced by the art of the Carolingian Renaissance and therefore instead should be dated to the period between AD 790 and 840. Archaeological excavations at Type C picture stone sites point to around AD 800 as well (Andreeff 2012). Some runic inscriptions on picture stones of Type C, however, have been dated to between AD 850 and 900 (Gustavson 2012, p. 112 with references), and the runes on the monument GP 244 Lokrume kyrka, which also belongs to Lindqvist’s Lärbro group, might even date to the second half of the 10th century (Källström 2012, p. 127). \n\nIt is important to highlight the additional partition of the upper image panel by vertical dividers as an obvious characteristic of Stenkyrka kyrka 11 (Oehrl 2019a, p. 212). A similar treatment is found only once among the Gotlandic picture stones of the ʻAbschnittʼ C– E, namely in the complete monumental stone GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården, which was found in 2007 during excavation work on the churchyard of Stenkyrka. The vertical division of the stone’s head found in both monuments could go back to the design of Romanesque tympana that might be considered as models for picture stones of Type C/D (ibid.; Arrhenius 1970; Andrén 1989, pp. 292–293). These tympana often are heraldically partitioned by vertical picture elements, such as a column, a tree, or Christ in the mandorla. Due to the fact that both picture stones are from the church at Stenkyrka and closely linked by the unusual arrangement of the images in the stone’s head, they might be assigned to the same workshop or school. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2301", "value_resource_id": 2301, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2301", "display_title": "GP0255", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/06d71382f9e2e7afbba6c943ad4eb2645c62c49e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0255.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290", "value_resource_id": 2290, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2290", "display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2614", "value_resource_id": 2614, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2614", "display_title": "GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/282956bd61ab43652d6cd457dfb39345018c2f02.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0570.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2019a, pp. 210–214, pls. 237a–244b. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC10798" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4964", "value_resource_id": 4964, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4964", "display_title": "3D model for GP0433", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0433_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "239" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffad under restaureringen av Stenkyrka kyrka 1955. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nDet handlar om ett fragment av huvudpartiet på en typisk svampformad bildsten. Fragmentet är omkring 0.77 m högt och 0.57 m brett och utgör ungefär hälften av stenens huvud. Hela monumentet var antagligen flera meter högt. \n\nDen bevarade delen av ytan visar två bildfält respektive två rum eller kammare jämsides med varandra. En bunden människa befinner sig på vänstra sidan och flera ormar eller maskar (och en rovfågel?) på högra sidan. \n\nDatering \nDen här bildstentypen dateras till 700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nMänniskor som är omgivna och hotade av ormar eller maskar förekommer flera gånger på de gotländska bildstenarna. Se GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I, GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI och GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII. Vanligen tolkas de antingen enligt bakgrunden till sagan om niflungarna – som hjälten Gunnar som fjättrades av hunnerna och dog i ormgropen – eller som guden Loke som enligt Snorri Sturlussons prosaiska Edda bestraffades av asarna. Loke var bunden i en grotta och plågades av en giftorm fram till världens undergång. Men möjligtvis handlar det istället om en bestraffningsplats för brottslingar i dödsriket, påverkad av det kristna helvetet. En sådan hinsides bestraffningsplats med ormar omtalas i Eddakvädet Vǫluspá (Völvans spådom). \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065", "value_resource_id": 2065, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2065", "display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0018.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "circle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tunic" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "serpent" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ring" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "fetters" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gunnar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gunnar in the snake-pit" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "Loki" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird of prey" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6411166" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709898" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgApOqUifhM4S7gH1dM18Mv5AQCVgJ6fs34BecD3GWykhsA?e=Yj1Bt6" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2614", "o:title": "GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2614", "o:title": "GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4964", "o:title": "3D model for GP0433" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/300", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 300, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2478", "o:id": 2478 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.793225555984826, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.531656617855674, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2580", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2580, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 536 Vallstena kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/3b886bdd02e01cab4464f4a464d2e2c701e8ac26.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/3b886bdd02e01cab4464f4a464d2e2c701e8ac26.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3b886bdd02e01cab4464f4a464d2e2c701e8ac26.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:20+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:11:33+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3988", "o:id": 3988 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3988", "o:id": 3988 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4432", "o:id": 4432 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 536 Vallstena kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0536" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/0aaa13d1-b3b2-4ebe-addb-591858b875f1", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inmurade i nedersta trappsteget framför altaret." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the church, three fragments re-used as step." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Nedersta trappsteget framför altaret, västra delen!" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The history of discovery is unclear. B. Böttger-Niedenzu reported on the three picture stone fragments to J. P. Lamm and E. Nylén by letter in April 1982, including a rough sketch and short description. Böttger-Niedenzu went through all Gotlandic rural churches during the years 1981 to 1985 and discovered no fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones. However, the stones from Vallstena church are neither included in her catalogue published in 1988 nor in her photo documentation which is kept at ATA. She only mentions it in her introduction (1988, p. 1), noting that it turned out that the stone had already been reported shortly before she found it. In Lamm’s list (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 202 no. 394), the find is registered among the recent finds from between 1976 and 1979. An entry in ATA’s inventory book dates to the 23rd of June 1977 (however, only the middle stone [i.e., fragment B, see V and VI] is registered there). Nevertheless, in the photo collections of Riksantikvarieämbetet and ATA (Kyrkor, Gotland, Vallstena, fotografisamlingen A.270:67 + 68), pictures of the stone fragments taken by G. Svahnström in 1958 are preserved. \n\nThere are three rectangular slabs (A–C) that form the entire first step to the choir, which apparently originate from one and the same huge picture stone. They are placed with their narrow sides next to each other. The oldest parts of the current church are the Romanesque nave and lower part of the tower, dating to the beginning of the 13th century (Thure Nyman in Roosval 1935, p. 194). The foundations of a small choir with apse belonging to the Romanesque building were discovered under the church floor during a restoration in 1957. Between 1270 and 1300, the old apsidal choir was replaced by the current angular choir and a reconstruction of the nave was initiated. Apparently, the original plan was to replace the entire nave with a much larger building; however, this project has not been completed and the builders left it at an extension of the eastern part of the old Romanesque nave. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The three picture stone fragments, which have been reworked to rectangular slabs, are (from left to right when facing the choir) 2.00 m (fragment A, north), 2.40 m (fragment B, middle) and 2.40 m (fragment C, south) in length. Their visible width is about 0.37 m and their thickness ca. 0.11 m. The limestone is grey in colour, slightly fading to reddish. The west-facing front edge of the slabs is cut straight, and their surface has been levelled, the decoration deliberately obliterated, to which plenty of regular tool marks bear witness. In addition, the remaining surface has been greatly worn and polished by footsteps. Nevertheless, in some areas, parts of the once relatively deeply carved bas-relief are preserved on all three stones. \n\nAs material and treatment correspond, all three fragments seem to originate from one and the same monument. There is one more rectangular slab built into the floor of the nave, just in front of the step, which consists of a very similar limestone and whose surface has been levelled the same way, showing regular tool marks allover. Even though no traces of a former bas-relief decoration are discernable, it seems conceivable that this larger slab belongs to the picture stone as well (fragment D?). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "245" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "9,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fragment A: The stone probably preserves remains of a ship hull. At least the lower outline of a vessel is discernable, turning up at both ends, having a length of ca. 1.50 m in total. At the far left, right next to the northern edge, an upturning stern is discernable. Next to the stern, on board of the ship, a spear or a lance seems to be placed, almost vertically rising, pointing upwards. A single spear/lance or a whole bundle of those weapons at the stern of a ship is frequently depicted on picture stones of type C/D, as on GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I, GP 184 Hejnum Riddare, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. An angled element to the right of the possible spear, touching its head, could represent the arm of a crew member, similar to the rearmost man on the Hejnum Riddare stone (according to Lindqvist’s painting, 1941/42 I, fig. 80). There are more traces of carvings on board and to the right of the ship, however, they are difficult to understand. \n\nFragment B: In the middle of the slab, some rhombi are discernable, constituting the remains of a huge checkered sail, as well as a group of vertical and branching longish elements, which certainly represent parts of the rigging. \n\nFragment C: Two or three circular elements in the left and some more rhombi belonging to the sail in the right half of the stone’s surface. There are certainly remains of figures in the middle of the slab; however, it is not possible to specify them. \n\nThe orientation of the ship hull depicted on stone A and the rigging on stone B leads to the conclusion that their width represents the width of the original monument’s base, and that the three fragments once were placed one above the other. As a result, this picture stone must have been at least 2.40 m wide at its base (i.e., just above the ground) and its root part must have been even broader. This fact indicates an extraordinarily tall and tremendous picture stone. For comparison: The tallest entirely preserved picture stone on Gotland, GP 61 Buttle Änge I, has a width at ground level of 1.85 m. From the ground to the top, this monument is 3.70 m tall and 4.80 m including its root. The stone from Vallstena kyrka seems to have been even larger, comparable to the fragmented giant stone from GP 549 Väskinde kyrka 6, whose original height must have been at least 5.50 m (Oehrl 2020b). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "value_resource_id": 2230, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2230", "display_title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0184.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2108", "value_resource_id": 2108, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2108", "display_title": "GP0061", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dcc4b9f1af136a75da2087a6456765c950e240.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0061.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2593", "value_resource_id": 2593, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2593", "display_title": "GP 549 Väskinde kyrka 6", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1dd9f78437a164f61555d731883d5c47307e147.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0549", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The discernable details of the huge ship, the sail with rigging, the stern with a lance or spear (see VI), and not least the tremendous dimensions of the monument (see V) clearly indicate a picture stone of Type C/D. Thus, the stone can be roughly dated between the 8th century and the 10th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2007, p. 374; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 41, 144, pl. 21d. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:9599" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vallstena 110:1" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5067", "value_resource_id": 5067, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5067", "display_title": "3D model for GP0536", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0536_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "394" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nTre fragment av en stor bildsten (A–C) påträffades i Vallstena kyrka år 1958 eller tidigare. De utgör nedersta trappsteget framför koret. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nDe tre fragmenten är fortfarande inmurade i trappan till kyrkans kor. \n\nBeskrivning \nDe tre fragmenten blev sekundärt omhuggna till rektangulära hällar under medeltiden. Fragment B och C är 2.40 m långa och fragmentet A är 2.00 m långt. Alla fragment är omkring 0.37 m breda. Monumentet måste ha varit ovanligt stort, jämförbart med GP 61 Buttle Änge I och GP 549 Väskinde kyrka 6. \n\nTrots att den medeltida stenhuggaren utraderade den ursprungliga ytan nästan fullständigt med sin mejsel, är några rester av basreliefen bevarade. På det vänstra (norra) fragmentet (A) ser man konturen av ett stort skepp med ett spjut bakom akterstäven. På det mellersta fragmentet (B) är rutor till ett segel synliga samt några rep som tillhör riggen. På det högra (södra) fragmentet (C) finns ytterligare segelrutor, cirkulära element och svårbestämbara rester av figurer. \n\nDatering \n700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2108", "value_resource_id": 2108, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2108", "display_title": "GP0061", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dcc4b9f1af136a75da2087a6456765c950e240.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0061.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2593", "value_resource_id": 2593, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2593", "display_title": "GP 549 Väskinde kyrka 6", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1dd9f78437a164f61555d731883d5c47307e147.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0549", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "arm" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6391100" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "717236" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6391100" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "717236" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAr29X42O_KSbI6CWWgFF3GAes7yx4WO0oj7RCDhXeJQFM?e=BVZXQF" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2111", "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5067", "o:title": "3D model for GP0536" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/391", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 391, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2580", "o:id": 2580 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.60985278082708, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.636745234706382, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2600, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:21+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:25:59+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4446", "o:id": 4446 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4446", "o:id": 4446 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0556" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/af086ce5-aa45-4fdf-be61-9cf271bda76f", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Re-used in the construction of a bridge in the area of Björkome in Väskinde (also ʻVästkindeʼ) parish (RAÄ Väskinde 159:1). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bridge" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde Björkome" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i kulverten under stenbrobron, 1 km söder kyrkan." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "There is not much information about the find circumstances. Lindqvist only notes that: “This stone was found by [Fredrik Nordin] in 1883 when it served as a floor slab in the culvert under the ‘Stenbro’ bridge (1 km south of the church, mark 45.7 on the topographical map 1:100,000, sheet Visby, 1890). It was transferred to SHM in the same year. Presumably, it originally stood in the nearby grave field” (1941/42 II, p. 142). Another picture stone, GP 550 Väskinde Björkome II, was found as a lintel stone in the northern corner of the culvert under the ‘Malmsbro’ bridge, which about 300 m northwest of the ‘Stenbro’ bridge, leading over of the same stream. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2594", "value_resource_id": 2594, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2594", "display_title": "GP 550 Väskinde Björkome II" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment, which is roughly in the shape of a parallelogram, represents an early-type picture stone whose head and lower part (base and root) are broken off. The lateral edges are preserved. “Limestone slab, 9–13 cm thick. The obverse in the main is smooth, but uneven, and possibly in some places hewn before being decorated. The left narrow side survives to a length of 64 cm and is curved inwards slightly more than 0.5 cm lengthwise, most clearly towards the upper end. The right narrow side survives to a length of up to 75 cm and is curved inwards 0.5 cm lengthwise. Both narrow sides are hewn flat at right angles towards the obverse, in places for their entire width (9 cm at the very bottom on the left side). They are separated from the obverse by a chamfer of about 1 cm width. The stone’s width between the surviving parts of the narrow sides is approximately 68 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 142). Originally, the slab probably had a height of 170–200 cm (Hauck 1983a, p. 543, fig. XIV:30). The surface is well-preserved. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "75" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "68" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "13" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 142–143) describes the carvings as follows: “The decoration is executed with hewn lines of up to 5 mm width and 1 mm depth and chiselled background fields of equal depth in the borders, small roundels, and in every second of the crescent fields of the large roundel. In the 7-cm-wide framing borders, a stylised tendril is shown, with a zigzag-shaped stem and alternately emerging ‘leaves’. At the top of the field, a large roundel can be seen, the diameter of which was approximately 56 cm, and below it, two smaller roundels with a diameter of 22 cm and 19 cm, respectively, that both feature spiral decorations. They are connected by an s-shaped band. At the bottom, there is a watercraft that is defined only by a line for the railing, which strongly curves upward at both ends, five oars, two steering oars, and the contours of a high ‘cabin’.” \n\nIn “Gotlands Bildsteine” Lindqvist provides a drawing of the stone by Olof Sörling from 1911 (ibid. fig. 562; ATA run- och bildstenssamling 2440:23), a photograph of the untreated surface and a photograph of the stone painted with black paint (I, figs. 7, 10; taken in 1933 and 1937, ATA run- och bildstenssamling B3:89, 1718:18). Sörling’s drawing essentially matches Lindqvist’s painting, but the oars and rudder of the boat are clearly shorter and the roof of the ʻcabinʼ is only rudimentarily depicted. Also, on the photo of the unpainted stone, the pictorial details identified by Lindqvist are mostly comprehensible. \n\nThe stone belongs to the group of monuments that Karl Hauck in the 1950s re-analysed on the basis of latex impressions (detailed information on these studies and their evaluation, including all relevant literature and images: Oehrl 2019a, pp. 68–84, 286–287 and passim; regarding the Björkome stone, see pp. 152–154, figs. 135a–141b). Hauck sees in the ribbon winding around the two small rondels a snake turning with its mouth wide open towards a rider with shield and flag lance. In Hauck’s view, the boat is equipped with an animal head and a rolled-in stem; its hull, which Lindqvist only hints at by a railing line, can be seen in full in Hauck’s drawing (ibid. fig. 40c), in the form of several planks. The crew at the oars and rudders is also depicted, and on the roof of the cabin are four more men with round shields and flag lances. A spear with a large-barbed tip flies into the picture from the left, crosses the rolled-up sternpost and hovers over the stern. \n\nAs with most of Hauck’s new interpretations of picture stones, the essential part of the results in this case, too, could not be verified on the basis of detailed examination of the stone surface with the RTI method and with the aid of 3D models, or could even be proven wrong. However, Hauck is correct about some constructional details of the rowing boat (ibid. fig. 141b). Indeed, with the digital examination methods, parts of a hull can be detected, in the form of small remnants of the plank lines in the stern area. The same applies to the ring-shaped formations on the roof of the cabin, which Hauck interprets as shields. In fact, four very faint roundish structures can be seen at this point, especially above the right edge of the roof, which become much less distinct towards the left, but in their entirety appear quite uniform and intentional (ibid. figs. 138a–b, 139a–141b). Such a ring-shaped ornamentation of the roof is undoubtedly depicted on the Type A stones GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV, GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV, GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46, and GP 43 Bro kyrka I. The snake’s head drawn by Hauck can also be made quite plausible based on 3D models. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2243", "value_resource_id": 2243, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2243", "display_title": "GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/94855a3d27d51b795f42d8419b4eef1c2ec89904.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0197.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473", "value_resource_id": 2473, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2473", "display_title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0428.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of the large whorl motif, which is usually taken as a representation of the sun and interpreted in a cosmological and eschatological sense, the pair of smaller roundels which are frequently entwined by serpents, and the rowing boat, which probably represents a ship of the dead, see in detail the article on GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV. \n\nThe meaning of the rings on the roof of the cabin, which Hauck correctly recognised but misunderstood as shields of supposed flag bearers, remains unclear. It is also uncertain whether it is actually a chamber-like structure or rather a tent (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 62; Müller-Wille et al. 1978, p. 277), a canopy or perhaps a sun-roof (Althaus 1993, p. 10). Tent constructions on deck, in which the crew could sleep during longer voyages, are later recorded in the Icelandic sǫgur (Falk 1912, pp. 10–13). On the Type A picture stones, it could be a rather small tent, presumably for the laying out of a dead person (Ellmers 1986, p. 350). Such a “tent that was on the ship” is mentioned by the Arab diplomat Ahmad Ibn Faḍlān in his report on the burial of a Varangian prince on the Volga in 922 (Togan 1966, pp. 88–90). In a later addition, this construction is described as a kind of canopy: “[...] in the middle of the ship they set up a dome of wood, and that dome they cover with various kinds of cloth” (ibid. pp. 92–93). Such a covering of cloth could also be present in the case of the picture stones. Massive wooden burial chambers with gable roofs for the burial of the dead on deck have survived in some Vendel and Viking Age boat graves (Ellmers 1986, p. 350). In particular, the tent-shaped chamber in the prominent Anglo-Saxon royal tomb at Sutton Hoo, whose boat (Carver 2005, p. 181, figs. 85, 87) corresponds quite well to that of the picture stones, should be mentioned. The rings on the roof of the picture stone boats could simply be decoration, in the case of a massive roof they could be strung shields or perhaps supersized gold rings, which are supposed to represent the wealth of the burial (Oehrl 2019a, p. 154). However, it is also conceivable that we are dealing with rolled-up tent panels. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents a tall early-type picture stone, i.e. Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology (“Abschnitt” A), dating to about AD 400 to 600. Lindqvist assigns it to the Martebotypus (1941/42 I, pp. 27–28), which he describes as a more exclusive variant of the Brotypus. The tall monuments of the Brotypus are characterised by a large roundel with a whorl pattern in the upper half and a pair of small disk motifs below. In the Martebotypus, a serpent encircles the small disks, and the border decoration is more elaborate, consisting of a geometrized tendril. Varenius (1992, p. 58, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Väskinde Björkome I to his group 1 (rigglösa skepp), which he dates to between the 5th and the 6th century. Lindqvist calls those ships on Type A stones “Langboote vom Brotypus” (ibid. pp. 62–64). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "A (ca. 400-600)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 27, 62–63, 110, 112, 125, figs. 7, 10; II, pp. 142–143, fig. 562; Hauck 1983a, p. 543, fig. XIV:30; Larsen 2009, p. 27; Guber 2011, p. 155 cat. no. 92; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 74, 152–154, 160–161, 228, 286, figs. 40c, 135a–141b " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:6305" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde 159:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västkinde, Björkome I" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5087", "value_resource_id": 5087, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5087", "display_title": "3D model for GP0556", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0556_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "335" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "7570" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffades 1883, då den användes i en brokonstruktion. Överfördes samma år till Statens historiska museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nMellersta delen av en tidig bildsten (period A), bevarad längd 75 cm och bredd 68 cm. I den övre delen en stor rundel, under den två mindre rundlar och under dem ett fartyg, med sju åror och en hytt. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nFör tolkning se GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "circle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "whorl" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spiral" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "boat" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "snake" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sun" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cabin" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6398427" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "704140" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDfotnPqH5uQqh1iGAaMN8JAcaL5OZCa1vvOE_dVWjoOKU?e=7IXZrq" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2594", "o:title": "GP 550 Väskinde Björkome II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2072", "o:title": "GP 25 Atlingbo kyrka (I)" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2100", "o:title": "GP 53 Burs kyrka I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2473", "o:title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2243", "o:title": "GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2235", "o:title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2473", "o:title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2314", "o:title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2395", "o:title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5087", "o:title": "3D model for GP0556" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/408", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 408, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600", "o:id": 2600 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.68166239499021, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.42415336200861, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2604", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2604, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 560 Västerhejde Suderbys", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/711ee1535b4e7be9444bbdf21231307f75bd126b.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/711ee1535b4e7be9444bbdf21231307f75bd126b.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/711ee1535b4e7be9444bbdf21231307f75bd126b.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:21+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:27:49+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3998", "o:id": 3998 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3998", "o:id": 3998 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 560 Västerhejde Suderbys" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0560" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/f9192806-1654-4e0e-aad7-df27c5029677", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Standing on a field south of Suderbys farmstead in Västerhejde parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" }, { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde Suderbys" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Står troligen på ursprunglig plats. Nordin fann keramik och ett mindre gravklot? Vid stenens fot (Lindqvist 1942:140)." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Still in situ. " } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde Suderbys" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "På åkern ca 100m söder om Suderbys Herrgård" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "This huge stone that is standing on its original spot was already known to Per Arvid Säve (Samlingar III, p. 498) and investigated by Fredrik Nordin, the results of which are described by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 139–140) in detail: \n\n“This stone stands, with its obverse towards the west, about 150 m south of the dwelling house on the crest of a ridge of land running north-south that is completely cultivated. Though a number of stones from the field have been collected around the picture stone, it can be assumed that it had been erected in the natural surface of the ground, without a mound surrounding it. Regardless, [Per Arvid Säve] in 1866 drew the stone as if it was standing on top of a small mound [Samlingar III, p. 498; ATA run- och bildstenssamling 565:1]. In any case, the phrase ‘standing on a mound on Häjneäkur’ occurring in the following text must not necessarily refer directly to an artificial mound, and in 1910, [Fredrik Nordin] mentioned: ‘On the west side, there is a wild service tree, and around this tree as well as around the stone, many stones have been piled up. The stone probably is standing in its original place. It now is tilted strongly towards the east. The stone stands in a place that rises high over the surrounding landscape.’ The obverse faced towards W 10° S. Although the stone was leaning backwards as early as 1866, the view was expressed that over the years it had been pushed even more into a leaning position by the strong wild service tree. As a consequence, in 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] had the tree cut down and the stone set upright again. This revealed that a large part of the stone pile around the picture stone (especially on the west side, up to a distance of 1.5 m from the stone) had come there in later times. ‘But in the ground closest to the picture stone it was wedged fast with stones to a depth of 60 cm; towards the east, the stone filling did not extend further away from the stone than about 50 cm. The stone sat 70 cm deep in the earth. At the stone’s north end, on the west side between the loose stones, there lay a round, flat limestone fragment that obviously was hewn. At one place, a piece was missing, and therefore it cannot be decided with any certainty whether the fragment was completely circular or instead perhaps could have been the upper part of a very small picture stone. The diameter is 28 cm, the thickness 4–8 cm. One side is smooth, the other rugged. A trimmed, spherical cobble with a diameter of 8 cm lay on the stone’s west side, in a depth of 40 cm below ground. There are no grinding areas on this sphere. Towards the west, a stone slab stood next to the picture stone’s bottom. Originally, it had been very close to the picture stone, but the wild service tree had pushed itself between them and separated them. On the lower edge of this stone, in a depth of 65 cm, a small piece of a clay vessel was found as well as a piece of charcoal. Unburnt animal bones were scattered here and there in the stone filling.” \n\nAccording to the 1928 inventory (Fasta Fornminnen inom Vesterhejde socken, ATA dnr 4626-1928, including photo), 8 to 10 years before (i.e., around 1920), the stone had fallen again and re-erected one more time. The same is said to have happened “during the last years”, which appears to mean sometime between around 1925 and 1928. In 2019 it was time again to raise the steadily tilting monument once and for all (RAÄ, supplement to inventory book 2019-11-12; Länsstyrelsens dnr 431-2547-02; GF). Using an excavator and a loader, the slab was completely unearthed, lifted up, set upright and anchored again. The root was buried in the earth and fixed with stones and gravel, which then was consolidated with a vibrating plate. \n\nIn 2002, a phosphate mapping was performed at the spot, revealing a high phosphate level in the area just around the picture stone, in particular northwest and southeast of the monument (RAÄ, supplement to inventory book dnr 321-1810-2003). An archaeological test dig was carried out at the place as well, however, without providing any find material. A preliminary investigation of the Suderbys area showed that was probably remarkable settlement activity and continuity at least during the Iron and Middle Ages (ATA dnr 321-1949-2002; Länsstyrelse dnr 220-5981-01). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The entire mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved. Lindqvist described the stone as follows (1941/42 II, p. 140): “Limestone slab, up to 33 cm thick. The obverse is smooth and weathered, especially on the right side. The narrow sides are rounded towards the back, and the reverse is rough. The stone’s height above ground is about 2.8 m. The head is 85 cm high and 105 cm wide. The width of the neck is 92 cm, that of the base 152 cm. The decoration, which now – apart from the part of the sail’s rhombic pattern – is very vague and unclear, is executed in thin, carved lines and by slightly chiselled background fields.” The stoneʼs surface is covered by white lichens. Early photos of the stone standing in the landscape are kept in ATAʼs bild- och runstenssamling and Lindqvistʼs estate in Uppsala University Library. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "280" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "152" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "33" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "This is one of those cases in which Lindqvistʼs description of the carvings does not fully correspond to the photos of the painted stone reproduced in his book but are partly based on Olof Sörlingʼs drawings instead. The description is a mixture of that which is depicted in the photo (1941/42 II, fig. 554; taken by Faith-Ell 1933, cf. ATA) and what is drawn by Sörling (fig. 560; drawn 1918, cf. ATA): “The field inside of a broad framing border with band pattern [which is neither depicted in the photo nor in the drawing] appears to have been divided into panels below a horizontal border at the neck as well as into two more panels at the head. The bottommost of these panels is filled by a ship with towering stems [one of which is, according to Sörlingʼs drawing, ending in an animal head] and a large sail with rhombic pattern (over a row of waves with whitecaps? [only depicted in Sörlingʼs drawing]). In the panel closely above the horizontal border, a procession of walking men can be made out [only depicted in Sörlingʼs drawing], and just above them, there are the forelegs and the belly of a horse [only depicted in Sörlingʼs drawing].” In Lindqvistʼs own photo but not mentioned in his text, the forepart of a horse and an arm holding and proffering a drinking horn are depicted in the panel just above the ship. Today, however, it is hardly possible to discern any carvings on the monument, except certain parts of the sailʼs rhombic pattern. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C/D according to Lindqvistʼs typology. Those monuments can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and around AD 1000. That the monument represents an 11th-century Type E stone is very unlikely. Tall Type E stones usually are decorated with deeply grooved ornament and inscriptions, which cannot just disappear by weathering. According to Rundkvist’s typology (2012), the stone belongs to the outline type ʻtall4ʼ, which he dates to the Middle Viking Period. Varenius (1992), based on his analysis of the ship’s rigging (group III segelskepp med skot i hanfot), dates it to the 9th to 10th centuries. Small archaeological investigations carried out in 2002 did not provide any dateable material (see IV). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 221; II, pp. 139–140, figs. 554, 560; Måhl 1990, p. 23; Andreeff 2012, pp. 130, 143; Oehrl 2019a, p. 34. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:7772" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde 8:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västerhejde, Suderbys" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5091", "value_resource_id": 5091, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5091", "display_title": "3D model for GP0560", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0560_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "327" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nOmtalas första gången 1866, då bildstenen stod på en liten hög i Häjneäkur söder om gården Suderbys. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma plats som 1866. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad stor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 280 cm hög och som bredast 152 cm. Stenen består av flera bildfält, det nedersta med vågor och ett skepp med segel. Över detta fält en procession av gående män och över detta bildfält spår av en häst. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "group" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "arm" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "drinking horn" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6385801" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "692097" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6385801" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "692097" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDaF5lZuANIR7ozdvtvKXhIAWNMib0BjmbzVxbYOMWiOEg?e=lX6s1X" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5091", "o:title": "3D model for GP0560" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/412", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 412, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2604", "o:id": 2604 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.57372696950017, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.212503087356936, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2605", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2605, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/c89e316930bb76d11c3e308904bae3dac0df0f6a.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/c89e316930bb76d11c3e308904bae3dac0df0f6a.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c89e316930bb76d11c3e308904bae3dac0df0f6a.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:21+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:28:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3999", "o:id": 3999 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3999", "o:id": 3999 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3810", "o:id": 3810 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3811", "o:id": 3811 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3815", "o:id": 3815 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0561" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "An agricultural field belonging to the property of Gullarve farm in Väte parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte Gullarve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen i en åker vid utgrävning av en grav (Lindqvist 1942:144). I föremålskatalogen GF står dock att den återfanns vid dikesgrävning." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Very little information about the find circumstances is available. Lindqvist notes in his book (1941/42 II, p. 144): “This picture stone was found around 1890 in an agricultural field during the digging of a ditch. It is said to have been approximately 1 m under the surface.” According to further information kept in the archives of Gotlands Museum, the stone was registered by Fornsalen in 1909, when it was still situated at the farmstead of Gullarve (Storgården) and donated to the Museum by the landowner Henrik Johansson in 1911. In 2010, the stone was in the depot of Kulturreservatet Norrbys in Väte parish, but between 2010 and 2013 it was transferred to Gotlands Museum storage in Visborg. There are no registered burial grounds or stone settings on the property of Gullarve gård. However, there is a complex of prehistoric house foundations and stone enclosures (Gullarve Änge) just south of Botarve gård, on the other side of the road (RAÄ Gullarve 15 and 41). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, about 23 cm thick. The obverse is even, on the bodies upper part the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse and rounded towards the back; elsewhere, they are chamfered towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. Surviving height 183 cm. The head is 96 cm wide, the neck 87 cm, and the base 92 cm.” The picture stoneʼs root is missing, otherwise the monument is entirely preserved. However, the edges are abraded and the surface heavily weathered. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "184" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "97" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "23" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "There are no less than four varying versions of documentation of the stone and its decoration. The earliest one is a drawing from Olof Sörling dating to around 1910, depicting only a few parts of the border decoration and the chequered sail of a ship (ATA 2440:22; Oehrl 2019a, pl. 186d). In ATAʼs run- och bildstenssamling, two photos of the painted stone taken by Harald Faith-Ell in 1933 are kept, which differ in some crucial aspects. The first, which represents the only picture reproduced in Lindqvistʼs book (1941/42 I, fig. 78), depicts a framing interlace border and two image fields on the monumentʼs body (ATA 1719:4). The lower field features a ship with chequered sail and some remains of the rigging and very indistinct contours of the crewmen. The upper panel shows the body and legs of a horse, turning to the right, surrounded by indefinable bas-relief fields. This panel and the completely weathered head field are separated from each other by a horizontal border with a cross-hatched pattern. The second 1933 version of the stone, however, which was not published by Lindqvist, features a much clearer picture of the ship, including three waves at the bottom, a rudder, and a crewman with round shield (ATA 1751:17; Oehrl 2019a, pl. 186c). The horse is more detailed as well, featuring its complete head, and a rider leaning back on his mount. In the head field, remains of a horizontal border can be seen, dividing it into two panels. A photo taken by Raymond Hejdström which is kept in the archives of Gotlands Museum (neg. nr. XXI:579) appears to represent the same painted version of the stone; however, the image is sharper and shows the details a bit better. \n\nLindqvist describes the carvings as follows (1941/42 II, p. 144): “The decoration was sketched out in thin lines by a sharp instrument and then partly widened into narrow chiselled lines with rounded bases. Every second square of the sail and the background fields are carved into the stone. The framing border is filled with an interlace of s-shaped elements, the pattern of which was first interpreted by [Gabriel Gustafson]. The field above the horizontal border appears to have been divided into two panels of equal height, but their imagery can no longer be identified. In the third panel, only the background field under the horse’s belly is clearly visible, while the horseman and everything else can be discerned only vaguely. The details of the ship with its rounded stems and the chequered sail as well as of the waves beneath it also by no means are always clear.” \n\nIn the 1950s, Karl Hauck examined the stone based on a latex cast, trying to identify further details of the decoration. His drawing (which he did never publish) features a whole range of astonishing but implausible new details and figures, such as a manned carriage in the head field, as well as a woman with a drinking horn and a bucket welcoming the horseman, who is blowing a hunting horn and holding a raptor on his outstretched fist (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 40a–b). The figures are marvelously detailed and therefore appear very dubious and untrustworthy. Sigmund Oehrl checked Hauckʼs documentation and came to the conclusion that the great majority of his additions are without verifiable foundation (ibid. pp. 68–84, 286–287). In most cases, however, Hauckʼs overflowing interpretations contain certain elements of the surface structure which indeed, on the basis of digital images applications, can be verified. In the case of Väte Gullarve, there is a shape documentable above the back of the horse, which actually could represent the very faint remains of a bird (ibid. pp. 180, 286, pls. 187a–b; Oehrl in print b). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the interpretation of the ship and equestrian motifs, see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, concerning the horseman and adventus motive see also GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 21 Ardre Kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. A depiction of a mounted falconer whith a hunting bird on his fist can be seen on GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys); see the relevant article for more information on the iconography of falconry. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late type picture stone. Lindqvist regards the stone from Gullarve as an ʻAbschnittʼ C monument, dating around AD 700. Such late-type picture stones (Type C/D) can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and circa 1000. Lindqvist ascribes Väte Gullarve to his small ʻhybrid groupʼ (Hybridengruppe) of ʻstones with horizontally oriented cornersʼ (Steine mit horizontalgerichteten Ecken). Those monuments, such as GP 37 Bro Eriks I, GP 45 Bro Eriks II, GP 185 Hejnum Rings and GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1 (as well as the Type E stone GP 32 Boge kyrka, which represents a palimpsest) feature a slightly convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, tbl. III). This head shape corresponds to certain Type B dwarf stones. Therefore, Lindqvist (ibid. p. 46) regards these picture stones as a Hybridengruppe, probably representing a phase of transition between ʻAbschnittʼ B and C. If this interpretation is correct, those stones could be regarded as the earliest Type C/D stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or possibly around 700. However, Väte Gullarve differs from those stones as its head is semi-circular and thus the corners do not really protrude horizontally. Lindqvistʼs assignment can certainly be questioned. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type tall3, which occurs in his periods 5 (Early Viking Period), and 7 (Late Viking Period). Imer (2004, p. 104), however, dates the monument to between AD 750 and circa 900, and Varenius (1992, appendix 2), based on his analysis of the ship’s rigging (group III segelskepp med skot hanfot), to the 9th or 10th century. The chessboard pattern of the sail, formed by horizontal and vertical lines – differing from most ship depictions that feature rhombic patterns formed by diagonal lines – represents a special characteristic of the Gullarve stone (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 117). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2084", "value_resource_id": 2084, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2084", "display_title": "GP0037", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/49e5d0744d4567eff73da218d9c0b41f3f202a35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0037.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2092", "value_resource_id": 2092, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2092", "display_title": "GP0045", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a7fed3f3c9db0e91e02faae04e0847813ef2afc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0045.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2231", "value_resource_id": 2231, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2231", "display_title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0185A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237", "value_resource_id": 2237, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2237", "display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/855ec9431b6c9e9bfbe4f6c67dad7f8bf35813e5.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2079", "value_resource_id": 2079, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2079", "display_title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/654d1307c8195d98c52882ecdf4f2f2a47998687.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0032A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 71, 117, fig. 78; II, p. 144; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 74, 180–181, 227–228, 276, 286, pls. 40a–b, 186a–d, 187a–b. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte, Gullarve" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC1668" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5092", "value_resource_id": 5092, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5092", "display_title": "3D model for GP0561", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0561_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "340" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades omkring 1890 vid dikesgrävning i åker tillhörande gården Gullarve. Donerades till Gotlands museum 1911. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad stor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 183 cm hög och som bredast 96 cm. På stenen nederdel finns ett skepp med segel och svaga spår av besättning. Över skeppet finns spår av en häst och en stående person, sannolikt ett välkomstmotiv. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nVälkomstmotivet kan representera en valkyria som mottar en död man i Valhall. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6373002" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "702261" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDt0Wt9Ja6ATqYy-GXJCfMfAbglB2549LqI1Xwor1p7ZKM?e=V9TC2O" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2231", "o:title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272", "o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2584", "o:title": "GP 540 Visby St Hans I" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5092", "o:title": "3D model for GP0561" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/413", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 413, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2605", "o:id": 2605 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.454524007572104, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.37153519783817, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2607, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:21+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:28:57+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4000", "o:id": 4000 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4000", "o:id": 4000 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3844", "o:id": 3844 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3845", "o:id": 3845 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3846", "o:id": 3846 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0563" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/0faf38e7-1410-4026-9085-1e2fbb3ee5b4", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i korgolvet bakom altaret." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Exhibited inside the western part of the church, next to the portal." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Vid besök 050810 satt två bildstenar fastmonterade på västra väggen vid tornportalen." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "In 1983, Beata Böttger-Niedenzu discovered two previously unknown picture stones in the choir floor of Väte church. Böttger-Niedenzu, who submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich in 1982, went through the Gotlandic rural churches during the years 1981 to1985 and discovered no fewer than 38 new picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. \n\nBoth stones from Väte church were re-used as floor slabs in the altar room, which was built around 1300. Picture stone no. 2 was lying directly east of (i.e., just behind) the altar. Stone no. 1 instead was placed approximately 1.5 m south-east of the altar, next to the stone steps located in the south-east corner of the room. However, the measurements of stone no. 2 as well as its traces of abrasion suggest that the slab was formerly been (re)used as doorstep of the portal to the sacristy at the north side of the choir (ATA dnr 2374/92). The sacristy was built together with the choir around 1300. The portal to the sacristy includes spolia from a 12th century church building, probably originating from a former church’s choir portal. Whether the picture stone was part of the 12th century church portal or not, however, must remain an open question. \n\nIn any case, the picture stone seems to have been incorporated into the portal to the sacristy around 1300 and sometime later moved into the floor of the altar room. In 1986, in the course of a restoration of the altar, both stones were uncovered completely and moved to the western part of the church, where they are located today (see V; ATA dnr 2374/92; Ämbetsarkivet, K2, Fotografisamlingen, Gotland, Väte sn, KB, RVIII:556 and PVIII:752 [93-108-15 and 93-108-3]). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Before it was re-used as building material, the large limestone slab was reworked to a rectangular piece, which was 1.36 m high, 0.84 m wide and 0.12 m thick. The surface is worn by footsteps; however, the relief on the left half of the stone is relatively well preserved in certain parts, while the right half of the slab is almost totally polished. When Böttger-Niedenzu discovered the stone in 1983, it was placed between the altar and the apse wall, and the polished right half of the monument was covered by a radiator. In this position, such heavy abrasion was impossible to occur. Thus, the stone must have been used previously at another location. Since 1986, both picture stones originating from the choir floor – Väte kyrka 2 and GP 564 Väte kyrka 1 – are exhibited inside the western part of the church, next to the tower portal. They are attached to the wall directly left of the organ, side by side, by means of four metal holders each. \n\nThe carved or chiseled background planes of the bas-relief are remarkably dark or even black in color, which seems to be an effect of microbial infestation rather than a result of soiling. In the top part of the rectangular slab, disturbing both the horizontal border and the horse scene, a square hole of circa 5x5 cm is placed, containing the stump of a wooden beam from a more recent re-use. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2608", "value_resource_id": 2608, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2608", "display_title": "GP 564 Väte kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/aebc33db88c0576a6474858da975e183a8e90250.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0564.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "136" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "84" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "12" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The inner line of the edge border decoration is preserved on both side edges of the slab. In the upper left corner, this narrow strip is slightly bent outwards, indicating the head part of a mushroom-shaped monument. There are also some remains of the actual border decoration, an interlace pattern, preserved on both sides of the slab, in particular, on its left. Thus, almost the entire original width of the monument is preserved, except for the edge border pattern, which might have been about 0.10 m wide in total. However, it is likely that a large part of the stone’s lower section is missing. \n\nTwo horizontal borders divide the remaining surface into three panels. The upper one, dividing the head panel from the large neck panel below, is decorated with a simple step pattern. The lower border is undecorated but framed by two horizontal narrow strips. In the right half of the stone, which is strongly worn, it is very difficult to identify any remains of the relief figures. In the left half instead, at least some parts of the figurative motifs just next to the panel’s left end are easily discernable. \n\nThe head part preserves the hind legs and the tail of a horse. Between the horse’s legs, a spike-like triangle is depicted, pointing upwards. Seemingly, the horse is stepping over this barrier. A rectangular field directly behind the horse remains unclear. \n\nThe large neck panel in the middle of the preserved stone, whose height is completely preserved, depicts the left half of a sailing ship with a relatively small, chequered sail. Parts of the rigging are preserved as well, in particular, a relatively broad diagonal strip, apparently coming from the ship’s hull and crossing the sail. The left end of the ship’s hull including the stem are clearly visible, as well as remains of two simplified crew members onboard. Beneath the vessel, placed on the panel’s baseline, a row of triangles pointing upwards obviously represents the waves of the sea. A strange curved and axe-like element is depicted directly to the left side of the ship’s sail. A corresponding figure is also placed next to the ship on GP 95 Garda kyrka 7. A similar but much smaller object is depicted on GP 433 Stenkyrka kyrka 11, next to the human being’s face. \n\nIn the lowest panel, an almost vertical line can be seen, whose top end bends to the right. The line is decorated with a row of spike-like triangles pointing to the left. A horizontal staff to the right, probably a spear, points at the spiked structure, seemingly flying towards the vertical line of triangles (Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, p. 19). In the heavily worn area to the right, there is a similar but roughly horizontal line decorated with upward-pointing spike-like triangles, placed near the lower edge of the panel (ibid.). The left end of this line bends upwards. As a result of a re-examination of the stone surface in 2013, Oehrl assumes that both lines of triangles are part of an upside-down U-shaped structure, probably a kind of enclosure or simplified building, which is covered and decorated with spike-like elements. A similar depiction of a building, represented by a simple upside-down U-shaped frame, can be seen on GP 3 Alskog kyrka. Comparable are also the upside-down U-shaped hall buildings on the prominent monuments GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII. All three stones are assigned by Lindqvist to his ʻTjängvide-Gruppeʼ. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2142", "value_resource_id": 2142, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2142", "display_title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/05739491a7017961eb019e8354111404b858ee7d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no185.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2478", "value_resource_id": 2478, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2478", "display_title": "GP 433 Stenkyrka kyrka 11" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050", "value_resource_id": 2050, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2050", "display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Concerning the interpretation of the horseman and ship motifs on Gotlandic picture stones, see GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. Both motifs, horseman and ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead. In this context, triangles between the horse’s legs, as depicted on the Väte stone, are interpreted as representations of the barrier dividing the world of the living from the world of the dead, a simplified fence, gate or grid (Lindqvist 1941/42 vol. I, p. 99; Weber 1973, p. 95). Such a barrier is mentioned in Old Norse literature, in the relatively young (12th/13th century?) eddic poems Grímnismál (stanza 22, valgrindr) and Lokasenna (stanza 63, nágrindr) as well as in Snorri’s Gylfaginning from about 1220 (cap. 49, helgrindr). According to Snorri, Óðinn’s son Hermóðr, riding on his father’s horse Sleipnir, jumps over this very fence in order to reach the realm of Hel (Faulkes 2005, p. 47). \n\nThe possible building decorated with spikes in the bottom panel is quite unusual. If the upside-down U-shaped depiction represents a kind of domed architecture, as in the case of some picture stones of the ʻTjängvide-Gruppeʼ (see VI), its spike-like decoration and connection with a spear could perhaps be compared to buildings shown on the tapestries from Oseberg (AD 834) and Överhogdal (between AD 1040 and 1170, concerning the dating see Possnert 2010). On both wall hangings, simplified architecture can be seen, whose roof is decorated by longish and pointed elements, obviously spears. In the case of Överhogdal, a runic titulus calls this very building [--] ˟kuþbu, which means [...] guðbú ʻhome of the godsʼ, probably Sē guðbú ʻSee [here] the home of the godsʼ, (Peterson 2006, pp. 157–159, figs. 57–58). This is reminiscent of the description of Óðinn’s great hall Valhǫll in the eddic poem Grímnismál (stanza 9 – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 59), saying that the roof of this building is constructed of spears as rafters and thatched with shields (Wikman 1996, p. 33; Horneij 1991, pp. 140–141 instead argues that the building represents the Holy City of Jerusalem; regarding Oseberg: Vedeler 2019, pp. 97–100). The dating of the poem’s stanzas is controversial – late pagan period, which means 11th century, or close to the time of the manuscript, which is 12th or even early 13th century (e.g. Egeler 2013a). Imaginably, the depiction on the Väte stone also represents a strongly simplified hall building covered with spears or spearheads, perhaps Valhǫll. Thus, the stone perhaps presented the journey of the dead – on horseback and by ship on the head and neck part – and their final destination. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, i.e., Type C/D according to Lindqvistʼs typology. Those monuments can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and the 10th century. A horse motif on the top field and a ship in the panel directly below (which means in the middle part of the monument and not at the bottom, as usual) is characteristic of a small group of Type C monuments from Klinte parish, called ʻKlinte-Gruppeʼ by Lindqvist. Cf. GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II, and GP 212 Klinte Klintebys (which also bears a simple step pattern, as the upper horizontal border on the Väte stone). Cf. also GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III which by Lindqvist, however, is considered a Type D monument. Klinte is only about 12 km away from Väte church. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2256", "value_resource_id": 2256, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2256", "display_title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c485b40065f70540d2e73913c274e8ef5773688c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0210.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "value_resource_id": 2257, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2257", "display_title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:runicInscription": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 286, "property_label": "Runic Inscription", "is_public": true, "@value": "?" } ], "ai2:runicContextComments": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@value": "Probably no inscription. However, the lower horizontal border is framed but undecorated, which possibly indicates that an inscription or ornament was intended or perhaps executed only with paint. The same type of border serves as inscription band on the stones GP 171 Hangvar kyrka III, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4, and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2217", "value_resource_id": 2217, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2217", "display_title": "GP0171", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/192c2b27e331ddffdcc29d3d48ef7317e91819f2.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0171.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2158", "value_resource_id": 2158, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2158", "display_title": "GP0111", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b7ec6b89a9c25ebf69b3765d21cd47ae99bfa2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0111.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, pp. 17–19, drawing 7, figs. 1–2; Oehrl 2019a, p. 228, pls. 46c–e. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1975:1358" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väte 4:5" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5094", "value_resource_id": 5094, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5094", "display_title": "3D model for GP0563", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0563_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "440" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffad 1983 i Väte kyrka. Stenen var återanvänd som golvbeläggning i altarrummet. Tidigare var den antagligen inbyggd som tröskel till sakristian. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nFastmonterad på västra innerväggen vid tornportalen och orgeln. \n\nDatering \n700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nBeskrivning \nStenen är sekundärt omarbetad och omformad till en rektangulär platta av 1.36 m x 0.84 m storlek. Ursprungligen har den varit svampformad. \n\nTvå horisontala bårder delar in stenen i tre bildfält. I den vänstra halvan av stenen är några rester av figurframställningar bevarade. Bildfält uppe (huvud): Bakben och svans av en häst. Mellan de två benen en triangel. Bildfält i mitten: Segelfartyg och vågor som består av trianglar. Bildfält nedan: Ett flygande spjut och en tandad ram, kanske en byggnad som är dekorerad med (spjut)spetsar. \n\nTolkning \nHäst och skepp har vanligtvis tolkats som bilder av resan till dödsriket, se särskilt GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I och GP 162 Halla Broa IV. Kanske hästen på Vätestenen hoppar över en inhägnad som omger dödsriket. Den fömodade byggnad som är dekorerad med (spjut)spetsar kanske är Odens sal Valhǫll (Valhall), som enligt Poetiska Eddan har ett tak som består av spjut och sköldar. \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "leg" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "building" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "Valhalla" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6372380" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "701827" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6372380" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "701827" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAk7cSO4wunT5bpDwm7S7s8AcIgbif2RiaDNV6btKrovkg?e=1fmbZV" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2608", "o:title": "GP 564 Väte kyrka 1" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2216", "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2616", "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5094", "o:title": "3D model for GP0563" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/414", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 414, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607", "o:id": 2607 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.44913938059238, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.363802295769347, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2111", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2111, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cbbef45acda3f3814af1e274970f6f143e86d197.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cbbef45acda3f3814af1e274970f6f143e86d197.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbbef45acda3f3814af1e274970f6f143e86d197.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:05:47+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4004", "o:id": 4004 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4004", "o:id": 4004 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2917", "o:id": 2917 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2918", "o:id": 2918 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 64 Buttle kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0064" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/11b6acee-b052-4dd4-826b-690d700989f5", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the choir of Buttle church. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Buttle" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Buttle kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "I kyrkans korgolv omedelbart framför altaret." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Buttle" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the church, incorporated into the floor immediately in front of the altar." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Buttle kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I kyrkan framför altaret." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1981. In 1982, Böttger-Niedenzu submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, and during the years 1981 to 1985, she visited the Gotlandic rural churches, discovering not fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. This stone is embedded into the floor of the choir, right in front of the altar. The short sides of the rectangular slab are directed to the north and south, its long sides to the east and west, with the eastern side directly neighbouring the altar stone. \n\nButtle church was erected as a Romanesque building with nave and apsidal choir in the second half of the 12th century, while the tower was finished in the early 13th century. In the middle of the 14th century, the old choir was pulled down and replaced by the present rectangular choir. \n\nSO" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone has been trimmed to rectangular shape, 1.53 m in length and 0.67 m in width. The limestone is grey, with some dark and blackish parts and red spots. The surface is a bit uneven but the bas-relief carvings are hardly worn and well discernable, which is surprising considering its exposed positioning. As a part of the monument’s root (in the south), border decoration at both long sides, an entire ship depiction, and at least one upper image panel (in the north) are preserved, the fragment has to be regarded as an almost complete picture stone. Only the edges and the head are missing. \n\nSO" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "153" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "67" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "On both long sides of the rectangular fragment, parts of the border decoration are preserved, forming a typical interlace pattern. The lowermost section of the fragment, which is placed in the south, represents a part of the undecorated root of the picture stone and is divided from the carved area by a simple line. Just above this line, an irregular zigzag band stands out against a well carved lower background, apparently representing waves of the sea. Above the waves, dominating most of the surface, a complete ship depiction is preserved. Eight crewmen are traceable with some difficulty, possibly wearing beards, shields and headgear. Each man holds a sheet which runs towards the sail, forming a confusing net of rigging. Another two ropes appear to lead from the stern to the sail. An almost vertical band just to the left of the ship, which runs downwards until it reaches the waves, could be regarded as a rudder, depicted in a similarly unusual manner as on GP 170 Halla kyrka 5. Behind the stem, on board of the ship, two vertical spears could be visible, which would be unusual as well, as those weapons are normally placed behind the stern, for instance on GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I, GP 184 Hejnum Riddare, GP 536 Vallstena kyrka, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. The rectangular sail is framed and its rhombic decoration is formed by simply carved lines. \n\nThe upper framing of the sail also represents the bottom frame of the image panel above the ship. A small weathervane on the ship’s masthead rises up into the image panel above. Furthermore, there is a kind of vertical extension leading from the vane to the upper frame of the panel, dividing it into two halves. This panel, which is completely preserved, depicts two confronting groups of bearded men with raised swords. It is difficult to trace them in all details. However, there appear to be three or four swordsmen to the right (east) and four or five warriors to the left (west) of the weathervane. According to an entry in the inventory book of RAÄ dating to 1982 (Tillägg: Dnr 1860/82 82-08-04), there is a depiction of men hanging in a tree somewhere located above the ship. This suggestion traces back to Eric Nylén (according to a letter addressed to Jan Peder Lamm dating to the 26th of April 1982, kept in ATA, RAGU 55/82). However, it is by no means verifiable and appears to be based on inappropriate inspection methods. \n\nAbove the fighting scene, approximately the lower half of a third image panel is preserved. According to Böttger-Niedenzu, the only discernable depictions are a zigzag band in the left and some vertical elements in the right half of the panel. However, on the basis of RTI technology, Oehrl (2019a, p. 90, pls. 58b–c) was able to identify a strange-looking toothed object, almost crown-like, in the right half of the panel, just above the group of swordsmen. The same enigmatic object appears to occur on GP 244 Lokrume kyrka, hovering above the head of a male figure (i.e., the rightmost figure on the image panel above the ship). An almost identical shape is depicted on GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, behind a group of three men with different tools or weapons in their hands, forming a kind of procession. A disc-shaped object is placed right above the ʻcrownʼ. Last but not least, such a crown-like object can be seen on the Late Viking Age rune stone from Hargs skog in Uppland (U 595), where it is also placed under a disc-shaped object, which is held by two human figures. The crown-shaped object has been interpreted as a depiction of fire, its prongs representing flames (Jungner 1930, pp. 67–69; Lindqvist 1941/42 II p. 109; Jansson/Wessén 1940–1958 vol. 2, p. 497; Plassmann 1959, p. 244; Arrhenius 1961, pp. 152–153; Lindqvist 1964, p. 76). \n\nSO" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "value_resource_id": 2216, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2216", "display_title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0170.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "value_resource_id": 2230, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2230", "display_title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0184.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2580", "value_resource_id": 2580, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2580", "display_title": "GP 536 Vallstena kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3b886bdd02e01cab4464f4a464d2e2c701e8ac26.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0536A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290", "value_resource_id": 2290, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2290", "display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386", "value_resource_id": 2386, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2386", "display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment certainly represents a Type C/D stone, dating to between the 8th century and the 10th century. The arrangement of a group of sword bearing warriors just above the sail might be comparable to GP 184 Hejnum Riddare, which belongs to Lindqvist’s so-called Lärbro group. The strange form and positioning of the rudder is reminiscent of GP 170 Halla kyrka 5, and a comparable weather vane rising up into the upper panel is depicted on GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2230", "value_resource_id": 2230, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2230", "display_title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/34a2b9d36525176944078b6aa9a6e590ac4b20dd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0184.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "value_resource_id": 2216, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2216", "display_title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0170.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442", "value_resource_id": 2442, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2442", "display_title": "GP0397", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:runicInscription": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 286, "property_label": "Runic Inscription", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even though it is very unlikely, three vertical lines on the right half of the ship’s hull could be regarded as staves of a badly preserved and almost completely vanished runic inscription. There are no twigs discernable and the placement would be rather unusual for an inscription. However, on GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4 the runic inscription (G 157) is placed on the ship as well, directly on its sail. The ʻstavesʼ are not mentioned by Böttger-Niedenzu but were detected by Oehrl on the basis of RTI analysis in 2015. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 286, "property_label": "Runic Inscription", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2158", "value_resource_id": 2158, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2158", "display_title": "GP0111", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b7ec6b89a9c25ebf69b3765d21cd47ae99bfa2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0111.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, pp. 3–4, drawing 1; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 40, 90, 287, pls. 58a–c. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:5943" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Buttle 246:1" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4597", "value_resource_id": 4597, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4597", "display_title": "3D model for GP0064", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0064_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "399" } ], "ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 302, "property_label": "Year of Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "1981" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1981, liggande i golvet framför altaret i Buttle kyrka. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nBildstenen ligger på samma plats som 1981. \n\nBeskrivning \nStörre delen av en svampformad bildsten (typ C-D), 153 x 67 cm. På stenen vågor i zigzag-mönster, ett skepp med segel och vindflöjel. På skeppet åtta sköldbärande män som håller i riggen. Över skeppet en stridscen med två grupper av krigare med höjda svärd. Över stridscenen en kronliknande bild som kan representera en eld med flammor. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen (vikingatiden). \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "interlace" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "beard" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "warrior" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tree" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "crown" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "fire" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "weathervane" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6367721" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "712071" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6367721" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "712071" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBK6wY5joq1TLKGrv3mLbMAAbYlzrJrmqBmGHfwS6E6UvY?e=NJ3yvy" } ], "ai2:lastInspected": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 315, "property_label": "Last Inspected", "is_public": true, "@value": "13.08.2022 (Cecilia Ljung)" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4597", "o:title": "3D model for GP0064" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/85", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 85, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2111", "o:id": 2111 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.40270149829448, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.530147611126722, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2123", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2123, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/24f4784ba423c11154a92b868d8ea9f36f67dfe8.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/24f4784ba423c11154a92b868d8ea9f36f67dfe8.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/24f4784ba423c11154a92b868d8ea9f36f67dfe8.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:13:51+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4011", "o:id": 4011 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4011", "o:id": 4011 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4066", "o:id": 4066 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4067", "o:id": 4067 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0076" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://omeka.gotlandsmuseum.se/3DHop/GP0076.html", "o:label": "3D-model" }, { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/ca8e0053-5729-4c29-a702-5ae33346ef9a", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i kyrkans korgolv" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inside the church, secondarily used in the floor of the choir." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem kyrka" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was identified by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1984. In 1982, she submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, and during the years 1981 to 1985, she visited the Gotlandic rural churches, discovering not fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. The Eskelhem fragment is incorporated into the floor of the choir, in front of the steps to the altar, near to the southern wall. It lies right next to (i.e., south of) the grave slab of the priest Halvid, who died 1338. According to the 1976 inventory, there are two picture stone fragments in the church, which is obviously wrong. \n\nLagerlöf and Svahnström 1991, pp. 121–122) outline the building history of the church as follows: The first known church on the site was a wooden church, the foundations of which have been found under the floor of the current nave. The wooden church was replaced around 1200 by a Romanesque stone church consisting of a nave and a choir with an apse, parts of which have been preserved under the floor. The nave of this church is still standing. In the middle of the 13th century, the tower was added to the west. The new Gothic choir was built in the middle of the 14th century (in “Sveriges Kyrkor”; however, it is dated to around 1270, see Roosval 1942, pp.195–217). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents the upper part of a large, originally mushroom-shaped picture stone, which has been trimmed to an approximately rectangular shape and now measures about 1.15 x 0.95 m. The surface of the relatively dark limestone slab has been heavily rubbed by footsteps and is correspondingly smooth. In part, the original relief depictions have been almost destroyed as a result, but in places they are quite well preserved and recognizable. In 2015, a heavy candlestick rested on the picture stone and left deep scratches. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "115" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "100" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "On the rectangular slab, the image fields of the head and neck of the picture stone are completely preserved, including the inner frame line; in places, parts of the framing interlace border can also be seen. Böttger-Niedenzu, who examined the stone in 1984, describes the remaining carvings in detail and provides drawings of two of the panels (which in her terminology are called ʻzonesʼ) (1988, pp. 6–7, drawing 2 [zone 2] and 3 [zone 3]), while photos of them and photos of the depictions traced on transparent foil are kept in ATA. \n\n“Preserved are the head of the picture stone, divided into 2 zones (hereafter called zone 1 and zone 2), and the upper part of the body of the picture stone [i.e., the neck] with two zones (hereafter called zone 3 and zone 4), of zone 4 only the upper left corner is preserved. [...] \n\nZone 1: A triangular element hovers at the left edge. Below it a rectangular object is located. To the right of both stands a male person, facing the centre of the zone. On the right half another man. Possibly a third person between the two men. \n\nZone 2: In the left part a rectangular area (house?), in the lower left corner of which a man is sitting with his face turned inwards. Immediately in front of him either another person or an object held upright by him. To the right of the centre of the house-like area, a wide-framed rectangle, possibly with loops in it. Outside the house-like area at the right edge of the zone the back part of an animal (horse?) facing left. Centre of zone heavily worn. \n\nZone 3: […] The right half is occupied by a horse with rider facing left. One of the horse’s forelegs is bent backwards. There are acute triangles between the front and the hind legs. A band encircles the two triangles and connects them, looping into a large knot below the horse’s belly. A triangular element (possibly interlocking triangles) hovers above the horse’s neck. The rider has a stick-like object (spear?) on his shoulder. Behind the rider’s back is possibly another triangular structure. The left half of the zone is heavily worn towards the edge border. Towards the centre of the stone, facing the horse, a standing female person (recognisable by her hairstyle and clothing) is seen holding an unidentifiable object towards the horse in one hand and holding a similarly unidentifiable object in the other hand at the level of the horse’s chest.” \n\nNo carvings have survived in the small part preserved from panel 4. On the horizontal band between panels 3 and 4, which is formed by two parallel lines, a runic inscription is placed (s. VIII). The horizontal border separating the second and third panels is framed by two double lines and filled with a zigzag or rhombus pattern. The first and second panels appear to be separated only by a single horizontal line. Based on the RTI technique in particular, Oehrl (2019, pp. 278–279, figs. 334a–338c) was able to confirm most of the elements described by Böttger-Niedenzu and improve her results in one point: The figure on the left of the second panel holds a large ring in his outstretched hand and is facing a structure reminiscent of a building with a door frame and domed roof, similar to the one on GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I (ibid. figs. 337a–b, 338c). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the eschatological interpretation of the horseman and woman motif on Viking Period Gotlandic picture stones, see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. As for the ring bearer in the second panel of the head, refer to GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, on which a ring symbolism may be connected with Old Norse skaldic poetry. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall late-type picture stone, ʻAbschnittʼ C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Those monuments can roughly be dated to between the 8th century (or around AD 800) and the 10th century. An important clue to the closer dating of the stone is provided by the runes (see VIII), which can partly be classified as short-branch runes whose emergence cannot be dated to before AD 800. The arrangement of the imagery on the Eskelhem stone is remarkable: the head field shows two panels with unusual figural representations, while the horseman and woman motif appear below the head. This atypical division and placement of the images can occasionally be observed in the so-called Lärbro group, see GP 255 Lärbro St. Hammars III. The knotted element under the horse is reminiscent of the depictions of GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2301", "value_resource_id": 2301, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2301", "display_title": "GP0255", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/06d71382f9e2e7afbba6c943ad4eb2645c62c49e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0255.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, pp. 5–7, drawings 2–3, figs. 3–4; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 278–280, figs. 339a–d; Källström 2020, pp. 139–140, fig. 7. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:6341" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem 52:2" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4609", "value_resource_id": 4609, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4609", "display_title": "3D model for GP0076", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0076_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "401" } ], "ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 302, "property_label": "Year of Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "1984" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen upptäcktes 1984, liggande i korgolvet framför trappstegen till altaret. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma placering som 1984. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en stor svampformig bildsten (period C/D), med bevarad längd 115 cm och bredd 95 cm. Kantdekor och horisontell dekor bevarad, liksom fyra bildfält. I det översta bildfältet två eller möjligen tre stående män samt ett trekantigt och ett rektangulärt föremål. I det andra bildfältet till vänster en rektangel (hus?) med en sittande man och en människa eller ett föremål framför honom. Till höger en rektangel med möjliga slingor. Till höger om denna rektangel delar av ett djur (häst) som riktar sig mot vänster. I det tredje bildfältet en stående kvinna med föremål i båda hennes händer. Hon riktar sig åt höger mot en ryttare med möjligen ett spjut på skuldran. Trianglar är placerade mellan både framben och bakben på hästen och trianglarna är förbundna med en stor knut under hästens buk. Troligen ytterligare en triangel över hästens nacke. Inga bilder finns på den lilla bevarade delen av det fjärde bildfältet. \n\nInskrift \nI det horisontella bandet mellan bildfält 3 och 4 spår av en runinskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 800-900-talen \n\nTolkning \nBilden av en ryttare som möts av en kvinna brukar tolkas som ett Valhallsmotiv \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "polygon" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "building" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ring" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rectangle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valkyrie" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6376452" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "692396" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6376452" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "692396" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAGKd6cwkhCQa6P6JuvaeLOAda7PR14WeF11SzV7iLodRo?e=eXgd1H" } ], "ai2:lastInspected": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 315, "property_label": "Last Inspected", "is_public": true, "@value": "12.08.2022 (Cecilia Ljung)" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:runicContextComments": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4609", "o:title": "3D model for GP0076" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/94", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 94, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2123", "o:id": 2123 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.48975249483482, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.210109510265056, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2124, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:14:29+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012", "o:id": 4012 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012", "o:id": 4012 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4013", "o:id": 4013 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2950", "o:id": 2950 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0077" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "A meadow (probably a small burial ground) near Larsarve in Eskelhem parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" }, { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem Larsarve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av \"Sprängänget\" nedanför Larsarve" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Both stones, Eskelhem Larsarve I and GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II, are mentioned by Per Arvid Säve in his Berättelser (1863, p. 192; 1864, p. 311). They […] “obviously were hewn at the same time and probably were intended to form a single monument” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). They were found “[…] about 1863 by Mr Joh. Carlsson, Ekeby, while cultivating land in ‘Sprängänget’ below Larsarve, at a distance of several ells from each other. No. II was lying just below the turf between ashes, burnt bones, and field stone roundels, at a small mound” (ibid.). Lindqvist considers those stones to have been placed pairwise on graves. About 100–200 m west-southwest of the farmstead, just south of the main road, three circular stone settings can still be observed (RAÄ Eskelhem 26:1 and 27:1–2), which are 8, 9, and 26 m in diameter. Next to the farm buildings, circa 15 m to the east, a (grave?) mound of approximately 1 m height is registered (RAÄ Eskelhem 69:1). Apparently, there was a small burial ground from which the two Larsave stones originate. Today, the two stones are on exhibition in Gotlands Fornsal, arranged as a facing pair, as if marking a grave. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist describes both slabs as follows: “Similar limestone slabs with smooth structure over the root, which then is slightly rougher, 4.5 cm and 5 cm thick, respectively. On both stones, the broad sides have been dressed upwards of the root but not levelled; apparently, no chamfers were fashioned between them. Height 1 m and 82 cm, 72 and 52 cm of which are above the root, respectively. Width at the corners 53 and 47 cm, at the bases about 34 and 31 cm, respectively”. Eskelhem Larsarve I was broken into four pieces when it was delivered to Gotlands Museum – two fragments of the slabʼs upper half, the lower part including the massive square root, and a small piece of the right-hand edge. Two small sections, one at the lower right-hand edge and one almost in the middle of the stone, were missing. The pieces have been put together and missing parts reconstructed. GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II was discovered undamaged and completely preserved, including the rough and shapeless root part. The smooth surface of both stones and their fine carvings are well-preserved. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "100" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "53" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint. However, photos of the yet unpainted stones (482:13b, 1648:55–56, B3:61) as well as drawings by Olof Sörling from 1910/11 are kept in ATAʼs “Run- och bildstenssamling” and have been published in Lindqvistʼs book (see X). The well-preserved depictions on both slabs are described by Lindqvist as followings: “The decoration mainly was executed in very fine (chisel?) lines, but all around and within the figure-of-eight-shaped band figures in the borders of stone No. I, the background fields have been carved as if by chip carving – just as the field between the quadruped’s front legs of stone No. II. On each stone, one face features a border and a rectangular grid above the lowermost part of the field; above, there is on No. I a watercraft with rounded stems, the elevated ends of which terminate in animal heads, a small, tabular sail on a high mast that appears to be rigged with both forestay and backstay attached to the stem-heads, as well as the torsos of three crewmen jutting out over the railing; the steering oar is attached to the port side. Instead of this image of a ship, the corresponding face of No. II features two four-legged animals, heraldically juxtaposed and shown in profile. The other broad side of No. I was given the same border as the face described above, while the reverse of No. II was left entirely smooth” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Due to their characteristic body shape and the form of their heads, the two identical antithetic quadrupeds can be interpreted as horses, even though no tails are depicted (cf. ibid. I, p. 89; while Guber [2011, pp. 53–59] for some reason separates them from the horses and just calls them “Vierbeiner”). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The depiction of two facing horses on GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II can be associated with similar images on several Type A picture stones, which on the basis of the Migration Period picture stone from Häggeby in Uppland and medieval literary sources are commonly interpreted as depictions of ritual horse fights – GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7, GP 99 Garda kyrka 3, GP 554 Väskinde kyrka 5, GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and probably also the Type B stone GP 578 Alva Änge. The topic of horse fights (called hestavíg in Old Norse literature) and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see in particular GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244", "value_resource_id": 2244, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2244", "display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146", "value_resource_id": 2146, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2146", "display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2598", "value_resource_id": 2598, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2598", "display_title": "GP0554", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c8dddf303f0e7592b7a4ce274307145933b0f467.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0554.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178", "value_resource_id": 2178, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2178", "display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621", "value_resource_id": 2621, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2621", "display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle type “dwarf stone”, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The Larsarve stones belong to those few Type B stones which feature a semicircular head with pronounced corners slanting diagonally down towards the main body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 38–40). The second main characteristic of the Larsarve stones is the shape of their body, narrowing towards the bottom. Lindqvist separates the two stones from the rest of Type B and treats them as a further sub-group, called Larsarvesteine (ibid. 38, tab. II). According to Lindqvist, the Larsarvesteine represent the result of a further development within the Stenstugruppe (ibid. 40), where similar head and body forms already occurred. Even the iconography and style (crew aboard the sailing ship, shape of the horses) may indicate a late date within “Abschnitt” B, at the transition to “Abschnitt” C/D (cf. ibid. 117). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Eskelhem Larsarve I (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 64–66: Segelfahrzeuge vom Rikvidetypus) to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. Rundkvist (2012, p. 159), however, based on his typological analysis, dates the Larsarve monument to the Middle Vendel Period (Type dwarf3). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941, pp. 16, 19, fig. 1; 1941/42 I, pp. 40, 64-66, 89, 117, 120, figs. 71–76, 227; II, p. 40, fig. 342; Gjessing 1943, 69–70, 105, fig. 5.3b; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 28; Lamm/Nylén 2003, 43; Guber 2011, pp. 59, 115–116, cat. nos. 12–13; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 157, 159; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 63, 145, 149, pl. 2g, 28d. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem, Larsarve I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2140" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4610", "value_resource_id": 4610, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4610", "display_title": "3D model for GP0077", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "54a" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades omkring 1863 tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av Sprängänget nära gården Larsarve. Vid fyndplatsen rester av ett mindre gravfält. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen, placerad tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve I, så att de bildar en markering av en grav. \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en dvärgsten (period B). Bevarad höjd 82 cm och som bredast 47 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom bild av skepp, med mast segel och tre besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "animal" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "head" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCq0RZBpJr_T4IY3CPUHl-EAeyckD52aPz03h9G5S0ZHLA?e=QhsSec" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130", "o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212", "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272", "o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2336", "o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4610", "o:title": "3D model for GP0077" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2126, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:15:34+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4016", "o:id": 4016 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4016", "o:id": 4016 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0079" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Along the railway line in Etelhem, Etelhem parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Other" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Etelhem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Etelhem Järnvägen" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen under byggnad av järnvägen." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone was found in 1879 during the construction of the railway line in Etelhem, Etelhem parish (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). More information about the find spot and find circumstances are not available. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, fine-grained, sandstone-like, 5 cm thick. The obverse probably is naturally smooth, curved. The narrow sides dressed at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse rough. Height 68 cm, 55 cm of which measured from the lower edge of the decoration. Width between the edges 43 cm, at the neck 39 cm, at the basis 45 cm. The decoration is executed very shallowly, with fine lines and slightly chiselled background fields. In part, as in the case of the horse’s front legs, the patterns and figures appear to have been defined by chiselling away merely the background fields immediately surrounding them” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Nevertheless, the carvings are well discernible, the surface is not weathered. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "68" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "6" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The field is surrounded by a border filled with a simplified twisted cord pattern and is divided into two halves by a horizontal band. The upper part features a triangle not chiselled away down to the background field [in the left corner, rising from the bottom of the panel] and three men with belts and knee-length tunics; the outer men, their swords drawn, appear to attack the one standing in the middle, who probably lacks any weapons. In the lower field, there are two more triangles left standing [one rising from the bottom, just between the horse’s forelegs, and the other one protruding from the left edge border] and a horseman with sword and pointed cap, but no shield” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 43). This description corresponds to Lindqvist’s photo of the painted stone published in “Gotlands Bildsteine” (ibid. I, fig. 64; cf. ATA 1648:70, H. Faith-Ell 1933; photo without paint: ATA 186:4). \n\nAccording to Olof Sörling’s drawing dating to 1917 (ibid. II, fig. 350), the man in the middle of the upper panel appears to be armed as well; a possible blade or scabbard protrudes from his right shoulder. Apart from that, the drawing corresponds to Lindqvist’s image (ibid. I, fig. 64). There are some remarkable finely carved details that depict the horseman’s sword, the warrior’s belts, tunics, parts of the leg bindings, and even the hair of the left swordsmen. The depiction of the horseman is remarkable as well, providing interesting insights into Late Iron Age horse riding technique (ibid. I, pp. 82–83) – the rider is sitting on a relatively huge horse, in reclined position, with horizontal upper legs and the lower leg at the horse’s shoulder. The reins in the equestrian’s hand are leading from the horse’s mouth (snaffle bit). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 38) labels the stone as Type B monument, dating between AD 500 and 700, however, without giving any reasons for this view. Only the stone’s small size and the typical step or geometrized twisted cord pattern might be used as arguments. Iconography, carving technique, and the mushroom shape of the slab do rather indicate a Late Type picture stone, i.e. Type C/D, dating to the 8th–10th centuries. The outline shape is comparable to the stocky Type C/D dwarf stone GP 161 Halla Broa III for instance. The primitive step pattern, which is indeed typical for Type B stones, does occasionally occur in ʻAbschnittʼ C/D as well, as on GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys). Horsemen and warriors with uplifted swords are frequent Type C/D motives. According to Lindqvist’s interpretation, two swordsmen flanking and attacking a figure (a woman in this case) between them, placed in the uppermost panel of a picture stone, are also depicted on the Late Type monument GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I. The finely carved lines on the Etelhem stone, depicting details of dress, weapons and body parts, probably to be regarded as preliminary sketches, do also represent typical Type C/D features. Oehrl regards the Etelhem stone (as well as GP 13 Alva Bopparve) as a late Type B stone, perhaps representing a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227). Basically, however, there is hardly any reason to see anything else in those stones than Type C/D stones. \n\nAccording to Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4 which occurs in his periods 4–7, i.e., between the Late Vendel Period and the Late Viking Period (8th to 11th century). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "value_resource_id": 2207, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2207", "display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060", "value_resource_id": 2060, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2060", "display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 82–83, fig. 64; II, pp. 42–43, fig. 350; Guber 2011, pp. 64–65, fig. 27, 29, p. 116 cat. no. 14; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227, pl. 2h. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Etelhem, Eisenbahnlinie" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2264" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4612", "value_resource_id": 4612, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4612", "display_title": "3D model for GP0079", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0079_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "55" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine limestone without reef debris" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (40%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1879 i samband med järnvägsbygge i Etelhems socken, men oklart var i socknen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (period B eller mer troligt period C/D), 68 cm hög och som bredast 45 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom två bildfält. Det övre bildfältet med tre stående män och en triangel, de båda yttre med dragna svärd, men personen i mitten utan vapen. Det nedre bildfältet en ryttare med svärd men ingen sköld och två trianglar. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-900-talen, förmodligen period 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "belt" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tunic" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "stockings" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse trappings" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheath" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAQ4ZnZd75gTbSjafZlhs2aAZQ3k4JgUwwy3AnVgYkn43M?e=ImSVpN" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2060", "o:title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4612", "o:title": "3D model for GP0079" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2137, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:22:44+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4020", "o:id": 4020 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4020", "o:id": 4020 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4064", "o:id": 4064 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4065", "o:id": 4065 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0090" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/d5dc7e18-f873-4d28-ae3b-5ed3dff79c19", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fröjel church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fröjel" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fröjel kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i korgolvet bakom altaret" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the church, immediately behind the altar, incorporated into the floor." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fröjel kyrka" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone was discovered by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1983. Böttger-Niedenzu submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, and during the years 1981 to 1985, she visited the Gotlandic rural churches, discovering not fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. The stone from Fröjel church has been incorporated into the floor of the choir, just behind the altar, between the altar and the eastern wall of the choir. The western long side of the rectangular slab borders the altar, and its eastern long side borders the wall. Around 1300, the present rectangular Gothic-style choir replaced a Romanesque apsidal choir of the 12th century. The present nave dates to the 12th century, while the tower was erected in the beginning of the 13th century. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone has been trimmed to roughly rectangular shape, 1.02 m in length and 0.38 m maximum width. The surface of the grey limestone slab appears a bit dirty, partly covered by red rust spots, a large black spot just in the middle, and many scratches originating from different devices which are stored behind the altar (candle holders, a ladder, a chest, et cetera). Even though the surface has been somewhat smoothed by footsteps, the bas-relief is still in remarkably good condition and mostly discernable with the naked eye. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "102" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "38" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment bears the main part of a ship depiction, sailing to the right (i.e., north), its sail bordering the altar in the west. The hull of the vessel is not preserved; however, the stern and the stem, the mast, a small part of the sail and the rigging, as well as eight-armed crewman are discernable. The stern (to the left, i.e., south) is strongly curved and almost hook-shaped, while the stem is less curved and apparently ends in an animal head, which, according to Böttger-Niedenzu’s drawing, resembles a horse. Four crewmen to the left and four crewmen to the right of the mast are discernable. Except for the man next to the stern (the steersman?), all crewmen raise their swords, just as depicted on the fourth panel in the neck area of GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I (the ʻHildr panelʼ). Some of these warriors seem to wear headgear (helmets?) and chin beards. The entire lower sail and a small part of the left frame of the sail are preserved. Only a small section of the checkered sail itself is visible. The rhombi are slightly raised but their broad outlines are carved into the stone. The intersections of these outlines are marked with tiny raised rhombi. This elaborate design is the same as on the Type C/D stones GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 162 Halla Broa IV. Two ropes appear to be tied to the stern and the stem, running obliquely across the sail, probably towards the (not preserved) upper part of the mast. Two more ropes or sheets are running from both sides of the lower part of the mast to the lower framing of the sail. The left (southern) short side of the slab represents the original edge of the picture stone, preserving the border decoration with an interlace pattern. Overall, the bas-relief on the picture stone is remarkably well preserved. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The bas-relief, the dimensions of the monument, the ship motif with swordsmen and the interlace pattern certainly indicate a Type C/D picture stone (see VI), dating to between the 8th and the 10th centuries. The best parallel concerning the sword-waving crewman is GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I. The interlace pattern would fit into the ʻLärbro groupʼ as well. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, pp. 7–8, drawing 4. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:607" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fröjel 187:1" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4623", "value_resource_id": 4623, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4623", "display_title": "3D model for GP0090", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0090_part1_Depth.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "402" } ], "ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 302, "property_label": "Year of Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "1983" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1983, liggande i golvet bakom altaret i Fröjels kyrka. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nBildstenen ligger kvar på samma plats. \n\nBeskrivning \nBildstenen är omhuggen till en rektangel, 102 cm lång och 38 cm bred. Den omhuggna stenen av en stor svampformig bildsten, med delar av en skeppsbild bevarad. På skeppet åtta besättningsmän, varav sju med höjda svärd. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "helmet" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "beard" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "interlace" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6359245" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "691999" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6359245" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "691999" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBMkfRBYNA6T408YRbgxHiUAdTfqZlTBByPciWoLwvx16o?e=ILJgLA" } ], "ai2:lastInspected": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 315, "property_label": "Last Inspected", "is_public": true, "@value": "11.08.2022 (Cecilia Ljung)" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2156", "o:title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2199", "o:title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206", "o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4623", "o:title": "3D model for GP0090" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/104", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 104, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137", "o:id": 2137 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.33559272602428, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.19003908654952, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2144, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:29:39+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3023", "o:id": 3023 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3023", "o:id": 3023 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3024", "o:id": 3024 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0097" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Incorporated into the tower of Garda (Garde) church." } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på södra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I kyrkan. Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på södra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The two picture stone fragments Garda kyrka I and GP 98 Garda kyrka II, which appear to originate from one and the same monument, are incorporated into the wall of Garda (today also ʻGardeʼ) church’s bell tower (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46; Svahnström 1972, p. 332). The stones form the lintels for the lowest sound hatches on the south and west sides of the tower, respectively. Both stones are integrated in the wall at equal height, with their decorated sides facing downwards. The fragments were first recognised in the church and reported to Gotlands Museum by E. Lundmark in 1914 (ATA Go Garde sn: Kyrkan –1949). The only available photos of the stones and their difficult location were taken by E. Edle in 1919 (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). \n\nFour more picture stone fragments, GP 99–102 Garda kyrka 3–6, were discovered under the floor of the nave by Gustav Trotzig during archaeological excavations in 1968 (Trotzig 1970). A further picture stone, GP 95 Garda kyrka 7, was found by B. Böttger-Niedenzu in 1984, incorporated into the 14th century lychgate. Garda church is regarded as one of the oldest churches of Gotland (Lagerlöf 1972; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 142–144; Andrén 2011, pp. 199–201). As early as around AD 1100, there was a wooden church at the same place. This Viking Age church was replaced by an early Romanesque building by the middle of the 12th century, the nave and the lower part of the tower of which are still preserved. In the middle of the 13th century, the tower was built up to its present height; in the first half of the 14th century, the Romanesque choir and apse were demolished and replaced by the current large Gothic choir. Among the church’s most remarkable features are the Russo-Byzantine wall paintings on the tower arch and in the nave. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146", "value_resource_id": 2146, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2146", "display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2147", "value_resource_id": 2147, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2147", "display_title": "GP0100", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/65d9bb56dbf1c7fd6522f89452d181783b341da3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0100.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2148", "value_resource_id": 2148, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2148", "display_title": "GP0101", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f4f243f90cd0a8f96f584af621bc39d40cbe6a38.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0101.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2149", "value_resource_id": 2149, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2149", "display_title": "GP0102" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2142", "value_resource_id": 2142, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2142", "display_title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/05739491a7017961eb019e8354111404b858ee7d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no185.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 14 cm thick, and its obverse is relatively flat. As the stone is incorporated into the masonry, no observations can be made regarding the narrow sides and the reverse. The currently visible part of the fragment is circa 1.50 x 0.60 m. The well-preserved decoration is executed by the chiseling of the background fields, which are slightly more than 2 mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46). The relief is remarkably clear. Since the sail of a large ship and an image panel above it are preserved, the slab appears to represent a piece from the lower part of a tall picture stone. Since both fragments, Garda kyrka I and GP 98 Garda kyrka II, are quite similar regarding the nature of the material, colour, and preservation, Lindqvist (ibid.) regards them as originating from one and the same picture stone. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "150" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "60" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "14" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 351) reproduces a drawing made by Olof Sörling; photos taken by E. Edle in 1919 with the carvings traced with white chalk by F. Nordin are kept in ATA. The visible part of the slab shows in the upper panel a backwards-looking four-legged animal in the left corner and two men to its right. The first is almost completely preserved and raises his hands, performing a gesture of adoration, while the second human figure is incomplete and vague. A fragment of an edge border with interlace decoration can be seen to the left of the upper image panel. The field below, which represents the larger part of the fragment, is incomplete and covered by a checked sail on a mast with one (to the left of the mast) and two (to the right of the mast) stays as well as some further indistinct parts of the rigging. The sail’s pattern is formed by alternatingly carved and raised squares. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "As the human figure in the middle of the upper panel appears to represent an adorant, the entire scene could be interpreted as depicting a religious ceremony. The backwards-looking animal could be interpreted in this direction as well – on the late-type picture stone GP 59 Buttle Änge V, a horse-like animal in the same posture is depicted, apparently offering its throat to a man who is raising his sword. Lindqvist interprets this scene as an animal sacrifice and the backwards-looking head of the animal as a specific gesture of sacrificial iconography (Lindqvist 1964, p. 67). This may also be the case with Garda kyrka I (Althaus 1993, p. 193). The topic of horse fights and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2106", "value_resource_id": 2106, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2106", "display_title": "GP0059", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d5d3d9f2fa1040a0a1d071a1db733c8d5fd3eff0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0059.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244", "value_resource_id": 2244, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2244", "display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall late-type picture stone, Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 50) himself assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ D, without giving any reasons. The monuments of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700, the small group of Type D stones, which, however, must be regarded as a subgroup of C rather than a separate type, which he dates to the middle or the second half of the 8th century. According to recent research, however, those Type C/D picture stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th and the 10th centuries. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 50; II, p. 46, fig. 351; Althaus 1993, p. 193. " } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garde 124:4" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda, Kirche I" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4630", "value_resource_id": 4630, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4630", "display_title": "3D model for GP0097", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0097_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "63a" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen är inmurad i tornet på Garda kyrka, och rapporterades första gången 1914. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nFortfarande inmurad i tornet. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en stor svampformad bildsten (period C-D), vilken troligen hänger samman med ett annat fragment, GP 98 Garda kyrka II. Det bevarade fragmentet 150 x 60 cm. Väl bevarade bilder i två fält. I det undre fältet segel och mast till ett stort skepp och i det övre fältet ett bakåtblickande djur och två män, varav den ene har händerna resta i ett slags tillbedjan. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nDet övre fältet kan möjligen föreställa ett offer. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hands" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "interlace" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDnYQ3xeTJ6Rri-Dc4uZp1XAfeq7NqmAa6dOei_Y9-6cUE?e=7DSZjo" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272", "o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4630", "o:title": "3D model for GP0097" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/110", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 110, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "o:id": 2144 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.317182587427645, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.581788496913987, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] } ]