[ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2189, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:00:34+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194", "o:id": 4194 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194", "o:id": 4194 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0143" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gravfältet Högbro några tum under jordytan. Samtidigt hittades föremål i brons och järn." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E-W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’ graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa I was mentioned by Pehr Arvid Säve in his Samlingar (III p. 557; V p. 116). It was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, “[…] lying several inches below ground surface, at about the same time as [GP 160–161 Halla Broa] II and III. At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the late Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Lindqvist believed that stones of this type (see IX) had been placed in pairs on graves (I, p. 37). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206", "value_resource_id": 2206, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2206", "display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "value_resource_id": 2207, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2207", "display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The more richly decorated broad side appears to be naturally even and is highly convex, the other is obviously, albeit cursory, smoothed above the root. The narrow sides are hewn and limited by 1 cm wide, now severely weathered chamfers. Total height now 70 cm, 48 cm of which above the root. Width 48.5 cm at the upper corners, 38 cm at the body, 35 cm above the root” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Parts of the originally semi-circular head and small parts of the massive foot-like root are broken off. Apart from that, the monument is well preserved and in good condition. The decoration is deeply carved, and the surface shows no traces of weathering. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "48" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 59) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with wide lines with rounded bottoms. The fields are surrounded by a border with simplified [twisted] cord pattern and are divided on both broad sides by identically decorated horizontal borders into two halves of about equal size. On both faces, the upper panel bears the image of a watercraft with steep, towering stems and a mast. In the lower panel, only one face is decorated: a sheep-like animal and closely stacked horizontal zigzag lines fill the entire area.” \n\nThe depicted quadruped looks rather like a horse and not at all like a sheep. However, compared to GP 74 Endre skog, GP 551 Väskinde Butter, and GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV it seems more likely to represent a red deer or a doe. On a drawing by Olof Sörling kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen, mistakenly labelled as ʻHögbro Romaʼ), the animal is completely missing. The figure is hard to discern, as it is less deeply carved than the ornament. The empty field on the stone’s backside, comparable to some other Type B picture stones such as GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 96 Garda Smiss I, is remarkable. It is plausible to assume that those empty fields were never carved but instead were decorated with paint (Guber 2011, p. 77; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 197, 291). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071", "value_resource_id": 2071, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2071", "display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The size, the decoration, and the shape (semi-circular head with corners slightly protruding downwards and a massive root) of the ʻdwarf stoneʼ obviously indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns it to his Stenstugruppe. In terms of shape, GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser and GP 142 Halla Broa VII are good parallels, the latter belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻStenstugruppeʼ as well. A horizontal border with zigzag pattern comparable to the background ornamentation on Halla Broa I can be seen on GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens (also belonging to the Stenstugruppe) and GP 146 Halla Broa VIII. According to Vareniusʼs (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship on the stoneʼs backside, which features remnants of a simple sail (Rikvidetypus according to Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 66), belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2115", "value_resource_id": 2115, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2115", "display_title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/844d3f0e9161f7dca849f4dbff880524b4affc4d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0068.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2140", "value_resource_id": 2140, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2140", "display_title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5be55c4c7284e4bf3e5c340122d6f15977aa72f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0093.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192", "value_resource_id": 2192, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2192", "display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, fig. 61–62; II, p. 59; Varenius 1992, p. 62; Guber 2011, p. 124 cat. no. 30; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 32, 197. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2087" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4675", "value_resource_id": 4675, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4675", "display_title": "3D model for GP0143", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0143_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "101" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (typ B), 70 x 48.5 cm, dekorerad på båda sidor med kantdekor och en horisontell zon som avdelar stenen i två bildfält. På den ena sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast och ett nedre fält med ett hästliknande djur. På den andra sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast, medan det nedre fältet saknar bild \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheep" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDfSvpUijuPTanW9oqawVkJAQvwDHiH7vrzUrBSnA49vTc?e=mWOsPt" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2115", "o:title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113", "o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140", "o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192", "o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206", "o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140", "o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067", "o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4675", "o:title": "3D model for GP0143" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2261, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T10:04:15+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4246", "o:id": 4246 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4246", "o:id": 4246 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0215" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The farmyard of ʻSmiss gårdʼ in Kräklingbo parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo Smiss" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist only notes that the stone fragment was donated to Gotlands Museum by district physician Kurt Bergsröm in 1931 (1941/42 II, p. 82). According to letters kept in ATA (dnr 4111/31; 2928/31; 2932/31; 4818/31; 4111/31), it was discovered by the farmer Karl Båtelsson in 1931, among other stone pieces which formed the foundation of a fence post on the farmyard. Båtelsson gave it to the physician as a gift. Despite targeted efforts, no other fragments of the picture stones were found. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 8 cm thick. The obverse is worked and even. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with a chamfer in between. The reverse is rough and unworked. The fragment’s height is 31 cm, its width 32 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 82). The fragment represents the major part of the head and neck of a small mushroom-shaped picture. Approximately the right third of the head and neck is broken off. The coarsely carved lines are clearly discernible; there are no traces of weathering or abrasion. The surface is remarkably even. The carvings have not been traced with paint. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "31" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "32" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration, executed with lines with rounded bases, features – inside of a border with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern – a running animal with a large antler (elk?) in the topmost panel as well as a section of a rectangular, chequered pattern (sail?) just below that” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 82). The animal’s antler is drawn in a confusing way; however, it does not look like the shovel-shape of an elk’s antler but more like a stylised branched antler of a red deer stag. On two more Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ deer representations can be seen. GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer stag over which an intertwined snake is positioned. GP 551 Väskinde Butter depicts a red deer stag eating a serpent. Furthermore, there are three late-type picture stones with deer depictions as well: GP 98 Garda kyrka II (two facing moose, which have an 8-shaped loop – maybe a snake? – between their mouths), the cist stone GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 (a red deer stag attacked by two hunters), and GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II (a red deer with long, backwards-turned antlers). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "value_resource_id": 2075, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2075", "display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions (see VI) and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The small size and the typical step pattern (probably to be regarded as simplified twisted cord pattern) indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones with convex, almost semi-circular head with corners protruding downwards. Lindqvist does not assign it to any of his subgroups. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 89, fig. 66; II p. 82; Guber 2011, p. 132 cat. no. 46; Oehrl 2019a, p. 167. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kräklingbo, Smiss IV" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC7445" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4747", "value_resource_id": 4747, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4747", "display_title": "3D model for GP0215", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0215_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "160" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hemse Group (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1931 bland andra stenar som stöttade en stängselpåle på gårdsplanen till gården Smiss. Donerades samma år till Gotland museum \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av dvärgsten (period B), bevarad höjd 31 cm och bredd 32 cm. Kantdekor bevarad liksom två bildfält. I det övre fältet ett springande djur med horn (älg? hjort?), och i det nedre fältet ett rektangulärt schaktrutigt mönster (segel?) \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nHjortmotivet kan knytas till en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "antler" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAXlH_p-uWGRKnLQELyI2_iAcaXnFBvollQTYdD2gixRps?e=VkedZK" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2260", "o:title": "GP 214 Kräklingbo Smiss II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2263", "o:title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2263", "o:title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4747", "o:title": "3D model for GP0215" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2075, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:08+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T10:32:29+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3954", "o:id": 3954 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3954", "o:id": 3954 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0028" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In a 19th century stone enclosure near Nederbjärs gård, Bara parish (today Hörsne parish). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bara" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bara Nederbjärs" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fragment funnet av Nordin 1918 i en stenhägnad (hage) nära bildsten GP 27." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found by Fredrik Nordin in 1918, as part of the stone enclosure, which is located right next to the re-erected picture stone GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 27). The place, called ʻTungardsplats,ʼ is situated circa 125 m north of the manor house of Nederbjärs (Nedbjärs) gård in Bara parish (today belonging to Hörsne parish), just north of the road between Hörsne and Källunge, near Simunde gård. According to the modern inscription on GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I, a Tun [i.e., an enclosure] was built in 1840 and the monument itself erected on this same occasion. The stone wall right next to the picture stone probably represents the mentioned Tun or at least a part of it. Therefore, it seems plausible that GP28 Bara Nederbjärs II was incorporated into the stone enclosure at the same time. There are also two stones with grinding grooves (sliprännor), which have been re-used as building material and incorporated into the wall (Stenkvist 2014 II, p. 7). \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964), picture stones like GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II (so-called cist stones, see V and IX) were used either in pairs, representing grave markers, or in a group of four, forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, it must be stressed that all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2074", "value_resource_id": 2074, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2074", "display_title": "GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ebe207d74d79a539cacc21cf071c2c62c0e1be16.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0027.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Roughly square fragment of a limestone slab, which is about 13 cm thick. “The obverse naturally even, the narrow sides at right angles to the obverse, roughly hewn and chamfered towards the back. The reverse is unworked. The longest broken edge [i.e., the bottom edge of the fragment] is 50 cm long, the one running at right angles to it [i.e., the right short side of the fragment] is 35 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 27–28). The angled left short side, which preserves the original edge of the monument, is about 48 cm long. The upper part of the fragment also preserves the original edge, probably including the left corner extension of a wave-shaped monument, a so-called cist stone (see IX). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "48" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "52" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration, obviously executed with little skill, consists of lines and slightly carved background fields and is difficult to disentangle today. It creates the impression, however, that the field includes the image of a deer or elk with long, backwards-turned antlers. […] In the border, very faint traces of a band pattern on a carved background can be made out” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 28). \n\nOn a few Type B dwarf stones, deer representations can be seen. GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer over which an intertwined snake is positioned. GP 551 Väskinde Butter depicts a red deer stag eating a serpent. Probably another deer, but without snakes, is shown on the Type B picture stone GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. There are, however, at least two late-type picture stones with deer depictions: on GP 98 Garda kyrka II there are two facing moose, which have a figure-eight-shaped loop – maybe a snake? (Nordland 1949, p. 120; Hartner 1969, p. 66–67; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601) – between their mouths; and depicted on the Type C/D cist stone GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 are two hunters with lance and sword, fighting a large red deer stag. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. For a hunting-related depiction see GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The two preserved parts of the stone’s original narrow sides […] possibly formed the upper left corner of a picture stone of the cist type, which had vertical sides that converged towards the top” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 28). Most of those small gavel-like slabs with wave-shaped upper edge, so-called cist stones, represent late-type monuments, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E according to Lindqvist. There are only a few Type B cist stones known to date (see in particular GP 144–145 Halla Broa V–VI). Deer motifs occur on Type B dwarf stones as well as the Type C/D cist stone GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 and the late-type picture stone GP 98 Garda kyrka II (see VI). The fragment from Nederbjärs most likely represents a late-type monument, since it is too large to be a Type B cist stone. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns it to ʻAbschnittʼ C, which he dates to around AD 700. According to recent research, however, those stones (Type C/D) can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century and the 10th century. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190", "value_resource_id": 2190, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2190", "display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2191", "value_resource_id": 2191, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2191", "display_title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0145.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Cist stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 317; II, pp. 27–28; 1964, p. 64; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 7; Stenkvist 2014 I, p. 34; II, pp. 7, fig. 5; Oehrl 2019, pp. 166–167. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bara, Nederbjärs II" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC4640" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4562", "value_resource_id": 4562, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4562", "display_title": "3D model for GP0028", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "22" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på 1918 i en stengärdsgård vid GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nNästan kvadratiskt fragment (50 x 48 cm) av en liten kiststen (period C-D). Spår av kantornament samt en bild av en hjort eller älg med horn. \n\nDatering \nKiststenen kan inte dateras med säkerhet, men bör tillhöra tiden 700-1000-talen (vikingatiden). \n\nTolkning \nHjortdjuret kan syfta på jakt eller vara en kristen symbol. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2074", "value_resource_id": 2074, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2074", "display_title": "GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ebe207d74d79a539cacc21cf071c2c62c0e1be16.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0027.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "antlers" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6388840" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715484" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA4HDLQD5_sTaxL96fOy2sgAYXEw95RcZ6XNjBO5xiSJIQ?e=yqDcEH" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2074", "o:title": "GP 27 Bara Nederbjärs I" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261", "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4562", "o:title": "3D model for GP0028" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/52", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 52, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "o:id": 2075 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.59043182675236, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.605473318705663, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2595, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:21+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:18:18+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4442", "o:id": 4442 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4442", "o:id": 4442 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0551" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/3d819214-a668-4a6b-a038-c8d5b26ca7ae", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In a field in Butter, Väskinde socken (RAÄ Väskinde 160:1). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" }, { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på en åker 100 m norr Själsö i närheten av stranden." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone fragment was found at the beginning of the 20th century in a field about 100 m north of Själsö, close to the beach (RAÄ 160:1). Excavations in May 1981 revealed that there must have been an Iron Age cemetery in this area, on which the stone was probably placed or re-used as part of a grave construction (ATA dnr 5938-1986). The explored area of 80 x 20 m is located about 150 m north-northeast of the picture stone site and contained four cairns (gravrösen) and five circular stone settings (RAÄ 109:1). North of the area there are three other stone settings (RAÄ 58: 1–3). In addition, six human skeletons were discovered within the area and a little further north (SHM 32426). These burials were apparently largely without grave goods; only a bronze ring and two bone needles were found. In 2008, a second area of about 8500m2 was explored (RAÄ 109:2), about 75 m east of the picture stone site and about 55 m south of the area explored in 1981 (Widerström/Carlsson 2008; ATA dnr 321-197-2010). These excavations revealed three burials, two cremations and an empty grave, four postholes of unknown age and a filled drainage trench. The constructions suggest a use of at least 100 years, from the 9th century to the 10th century. However, the exact extent of the cemetery remains unclear. The graves are oriented north-south. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "It is a fragment, namely the almost complete head of a mushroom-shaped dwarf stone, which has a size of about 0.40 x 0.43 m. The lower edge and the two corners of the picture stone head are missing, and small parts of the face are also broken off. At the bottom left, a larger piece is broken out of the existing head part. This part, on which the front extremities of the shown animal figure (see VI) were visible, is present on the drawing of Olof Sörling (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 564), but the line of fracture is already inscribed. Today the fragment can no longer be found. The entire surface of the stone slab is strongly marked by fossil inclusions. The picture stone consists of bioclast-rich oncoid limestone. The bioclasts are predominantly crinoids, which are visible on the entire picture stone and form a rough surface. The relief fields only raise slightly from the background (max. 1 mm). Thus, they are not discernible in all details. However, the carvings seem to be relatively fresh. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "39" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "53" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "9" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "In “Gotlands Bildsteineˮ Lindqvist provides an undated drawing of the fragment by Olof Sörling (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 564) and a photograph of the painted stone, printed in miniature size (ibid. I, fig. 65). A photograph taken in 1933 showing the same painted surface can be found in the photo collection of Antikvarisk-topografiska Arkivet (ATA) in Stockholm (Bildstenar Gotland 28, Tingstäde–Ö, Foto 1751:22,b). \n\nThe approximately semi-circular image area framed by a simple step pattern is occupied by a cervid with large antlers. The visible beam (main shaft of the antler) runs approximately parallel to the back of the animal and reaches to its end. Immediately on the head of the cervid, a short tine descends horizontally forward and can therefore be identified as a brow tine. Consequently, a short, almost vertically upwardly extending tine right next to it can be referred to as the bez tine. At least three much longer tines follow the length of the back at some distance, running almost vertically upwards. Shovel-shaped antlers are not visible. Therefore, we are surely dealing with a red deer and not with a bull moose. Between the tines the artist has left triangular background areas, which makes it difficult to recognize the antlers at first sight. Lindqvist marked some of these triangles in colour. Even behind the red deer he painted some raised parts, which, however, cannot be reasonably recognised. Sörling’s drawing shows the antlers in less detail than Lindqvist’s painting, but the rear part of the animal appears more clearly, with a long tail – which is not zoologically correct. Incidentally, at Sörling’s time, the front extremities were still recognisable in almost their full length; today, the corresponding surface has been broken out. It is already missing from Lindqvist’s 1933 photograph. \n\nFrom the mouth of the deer hangs an elongated structure, which can be interpreted in different ways. In Sörling’s drawing this band merges into an indistinct vegetal-looking branch with numerous extensions. Lindqvist’s painting seems to mark a split end at the hanging tip of the ribbon, reminiscent of a snake’s head with an open mouth or a split tongue. At the same time, however, the band seems to continue to the right to curl up in front of the deer’s neck. Lindqvist sees it as a “[...] ornamental veränderte Zunge [...]ˮ (ʻornamentally altered tongueʼ) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 143). The interpretation is made considerably more difficult by the fact that the wormlike band coming out of the deer’s mouth is connected to a shapeless part, which is located in front of the deer, in the left corner of the picture field, and according to Lindqvist contains two triangles. This raised area consists mainly of fossil inclusions but shows isolated traces of carvings and is difficult to assess. \n\nBased on the RTI method and using 3D models, Oehrl (2019a, pp. 162–163, pls. 160–165) documented and discussed five different interpretations of the band-shaped structure at the deer’s mouth, some of which also include the unclear area in front of the deer. Depending on the viewing and illumination angle, the extension appears sometimes shorter, sometimes longer. Sometimes it curls up, runs S-shaped or loop-shaped. Regardless of which point of view is preferred, it should either be the oversized tongue of the animal or a snake. The latter is more likely to be the case, given the widely scattered iconographic parallels and literary traditions, which are outlined below. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone can be regarded as early Nordic evidence of the motif ʻsnake-eating deerʼ (so already Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Heizmann 2011, fn. 152; in detail Oehrl 2019a, pp. 163–168, pls. 166a–167e). According to ancient natural history (e.g., Pliny, Flavius Josephus, Oppian; see Domagalski 1990, pp. 151–151) deer and snake are enemies; the deer searches for the snakes in their hiding places, takes them out of their holes by snorting or sucking and devours them. This alleged natural history ʻobservationʼ (in truth the red deer does not eat snakes – for the possible zoological background of this successful misunderstanding see Dittrich 1985) is taken up by the Church Fathers (e.g., Augustine, Origines, Gregory the Great, Ambrose, Jerome, Isidor of Seville; see Domagalski 1991, cols. 575–577; Gerlach 1970, cols. 286) and interpreted in Christian terms. The deer that persecutes and eventually kills the serpent is referred to Christ’s victory over the devil. After eating the snake, the deer was threatened with death and had to go to a well. After enjoying the fresh water, the deer regenerates itself and recovers. In the early Christian interpretation, this process is seen as an allegory of the resurrection. The deer, which must drink water after consuming the serpent, has also been associated with Psalm 41:2 since Augustine and is understood as a symbol of baptism: Sicut areola praeparata ad inrigationes aquarum sic anima mea praeparata est ad te Deus – ʻAs the deer roars for fresh water, so my soul, God, cries to you.’ \n\nThe late antique-Christian interpretation and use of the deer-snake motif becomes common knowledge in the Middle Ages (Clermont-Ganneau 1901, pp. 319–322; Puech 1949; Ettinghausen 1955; Gerlach 1970; Kolb 1971; Domagalski 1990, pp. 151–160; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, pp. 600–601; Wamers 2000, pp. 149–155). An outstanding role in the transmission of these and other Christian animal conceptions plays the Physiologus written in Greek between the 2nd and 4th century (for the history of tradition see Henkel 1976 [about the deer there especially pp. 186–187] as well as Dolcetti Corazza 1992 and 2003 with literature and editions). Over many centuries, from Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages to modern times, this text experienced an eminent spread and gained central importance. The Physiologus is translated into numerous languages, of particular importance are the Latin versions, which probably already existed in Late Antiquity and have been written down since the 8th/9th century. The significance of the Physiologus is reflected not least in medieval pictorial art (Henkel 1976, pp. 104–105; Romanske Stenarbejder vol. 2, 1984). \n\nNumerous late antique and early medieval depictions of deer could be cited as contemporary parallels to the picture stone from Väskinde Butter. All the pictures mentioned below show a red deer with antlers, stepping on a snake or being entwined by one and biting its body at the same time. Of the examples of the Eastern Mediterranean region, the floor mosaic of the 5th century in the Palatium Magnum in Constantinople deserves special mention (Domagalski 1990, p. 154, pl. 26c). There is also a snake-eating deer on the floor mosaics of a chapel in the Byzantine city of Theodorias in present-day Libya (Qasr El-Lebia) (ibid. pp. 156–159, pls. 27b, 28), the cathedral of Apameia in present-day Syria (ibid. p. 156; pl. 27a) and in the baptistery of Henchir Messaouda in present-day Tunisia (ibid. p. 159, pl. 29b; Puech 1949), all of which date to the 6th century. Wamers brings a privately owned Byzantine buckle fitting into play (Wamers 1986, pp. 19, 22, fig. 14, 15; 2000, pp. 150–151, fig. 6). The piece probably originates from the Balkan region and is dated between AD 550 and 650. Two gold bracteates from a Merovingian row grave cemetery (Reihengräberfeld) in Regensburg, district of Sallern, may also be mentioned, which originally came from Northern Italy and probably represent Langobardic products of the 7th century (Koch 1968, pp. 207–208, pls. 85:17–18; Angerer 1995, p. 33 cat. no. 3.31). \n\nThe antagonism between deer and snake is, however, also attested early in the North itself (Oehrl 2019a, pp.167–167; Pesch 2015a, pp. 375–376; 2015c; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010, pp. 130–131; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, pp. 600–601; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Nordland 1949, p. 120; Leppäaho 1948). Dated between AD 475 and 500 (group H2, Axboe 2011, pp. 280–281), the gold bracteate IK 166 Skrydstrup-B shows, next to the central divine figure, a red deer stepping on two intertwined snakes, one of which, with its mouth open, turns threateningly towards the genitals of the deer. Heizmann summarises the statement of the bracteate picture as follows: “Der bildlichen Darstellung dieser lebensbedrohenden Schlangenattacke antwortet die runische Wortüberlieferung mit der Versicherung von Rettung und Heil. Denn gegen diesen perfiden Angriff ist ein Kraut gewachsen. Seinen Namen teilt der Brakteat über dem Rücken des Hirsches mit dem runischen Wort laukar ʻLauch’ mit. Diese Pflanze rühmen die mittelalterlichen Schriftzeugnisse des Nordens als Panacee und Lebenskraut. Der Hirsch, so lehrt die antike und mittelalterliche Naturkunde, kennt das rettende Kraut und vermag damit die tödliche Bedrohung abzuwehrenˮ (ʻTo the pictorial depiction of this life-threatening snake attack, the runic word lore responds with the assurance of salvation. For against this perfidious attack a herb has grown. Its name is given by the bracteate above the deer’s back with the runic word laukar ʻleek’. This plant is praised by the medieval writings of the north as a panacea and life herb. Ancient and medieval natural history teaches that the deer knows the healing herb and is thus able to ward off the deadly threatʼ) (Heizmann 1999b, p. 245; cf. Heizmann 2011, pp. 550–578, esp. 563–568). It is quite conceivable that the Christian deer tradition affects the amulet image of Skrydstrup. Christian influence on the iconography of the gold bracteates can be demonstrated at various levels (von Padberg 2011, pp. 612–627). \n\nBailey sees a comparable depiction on the relief-ornamented stone slab of Gosforth, known as the ʻFishing Stoneʼ, from the first half of the 10th century (Bailey 1980, p. 132, pl. 36; Bailey/Cramp 1988, pp. 108–110, ill. 332; Kopár 2012, pp. 67–68, fig. 25). It is a part of a frieze or a wall covering which might have belonged to an early church building. Here a deer is depicted (whose antlers have not been preserved, so, of course, the interpretation remains uncertain), which is surrounded by snake bodies, while one of the worms turns threateningly towards the genitals of the four-legged animal. It shows the old motif of the fight between deer and snake, which is deliberately placed next to the fishing of the Midgard Serpent by the god Þórr. “The significance of the two panels lies in their complementary nature [...]. In the lower scene a god is shown struggling with evil in a serpent-like form. The same theme is present in the apparent symbolism of the upper scene, which shows a snake struggling with an animal which can be interpreted as a stag/hart; this is a well-recognized Christian symbol of the struggle between Christ or the Christian and the devilˮ (Bailey/Cramp 1988, p. 109). \n\nThe deer on the high cross of Gosforth was also included in these considerations – however, it remains quite uncertain whether the web of bands that can be seen (together with a dog/wolf) below the animal represents a snake (Wamers 2000, p. 154 fn. 73, fig. 8.2). The sword fitting from the Lieto-Pitkäsmäki cemetery in south-western Finland, decorated in style II, can also only be included with considerable reservation, since it does indeed depict a red deer and snakes, but these were placed at a spatial distance from each other (Leppäaho 1948, pp. 44–47, fig. 1a–d). The animal pictures on the rune stone of Jelling and the golden horns of Gallehus, which were also sometimes included in the discussion (Hartner 1969, pp. 66–67; Roesdahl 1999, p. 240; Wamers 1999; 2000), must be excluded. They are hardly deer (Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 600; Oehrl 2011a; 2015a). \n\nThe deer that eats the snake, however, did not appear in the north until the early Viking Age. On the silver coins of combination group 4 (type Hjort A) a stag is depicted as the central figure (Malmer 1966, p. 63, pls. 2:1–4). Directly at the mouth of the animal there is a curled-up snake, whose head touches the deer’s mouth. The coins were probably minted in Haithabu around AD 825. The frequent appearance of signs of the cross on these Viking coins, which can be traced back directly to southern coin designs, shows that Christian influence is to be expected on these coins in addition to decidedly pagan motifs. \n\nParticularly similar to the image from Väskinde is a silver deer figure about 3 cm wide and 2.5 cm high from the urn burial no. 3 at the Viking Age burial site of Grävsted, Skuttunge sn in Uppland (Nordland 1949, p. 120, pl. XII:2; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010 vol. 1, fig. 59; Oehrl 2019a, p. 166, pl. 167b). The silver deer, which is thought to date from the 10th century, has eyelets on the back indicating that it was attached to clothing. From the mouth of the deer hangs a snake body with head. Apparently, the red deer devours a snake and sucks it in like a spaghetto. A very similar silver deer figure from the time around AD 900 or from the first half of the 10th century, from which the snake has been largely broken off, comes from a woman’s grave (no. 45) of the Flachgräberfeld from Haithabu (Capelle 1968, p. 107 cat. no. 108, pl. 30:2; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010 vol. 1, pp. 129–131; vol. 2, pl. 9:19). The inhumation burial also contained jewellery with Carolingian plant ornaments and a silver pendant in the form of a coiled snake. The burial, like all the graves of the cemetery, was oriented east-west. Only 21% of those buried here received grave goods, most of them only a single item. The graveyard could therefore be addressed as Christian (ibid. vol. 1, pp. 288–298). \n\nOn the picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B, to which the fragment of Butter also belongs, other deer representations can be seen (see also Oxenstierna 1954). The most important of these is GP 74 Endre skog. This stone depicts a red deer over which an intertwined snake is positioned. More deer, but without snakes, are shown on the Type B picture stones GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II and GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. It should also be considered whether the quadruped on the fragment GP 164 Halla Broa XV should be understood as a deer that sucks in a snake with its mouth. Lindqvist describes the representation as follows: “Das Pferd scheint über das spitze Ende einer aus der einen Ecke des Feldes aufsteigenden Stange zu beißen (wenn man nicht annehmen will, dass es mit einer abnorm langen Zunge versehen istˮ (ʻThe horse seems to bite over the pointed end of a pole rising from one corner of the field [unless one assumes it has an abnormally long tongue]ʼ) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 65). On the late-type picture stone GP 98 Garda kyrka II can be seen two facing moose, which have a figure-of-eight-shaped loop – maybe a snake? (Nordland 1949, p. 120; Hartner 1969, p. 66–67; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601) – between their mouths. \n\nThe question whether the deer with the snake of Väskinde Butter as well as the representations of GP 74 Endre skog and GP 98 Garda kyrka II go back directly to Christian ideas and models or represent a tradition largely independent of the South cannot be answered with certainty. Lindqvist and Böhner proposed that Christian models do indeed have an influence on the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B. This refers above all to the waterfowl appearing in pairs, which probably go back to Christian depictions of pigeons on late antique and early medieval gravestones, especially in the Rhineland (Lindqvist 1964, pp. 64–65; Böhner 1968, pp. 187–190, figs. 92–93; 1987, pp. 458–460, fig. 19). For more information see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Further Type B stones with depictions of aquatic birds are GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B picture stone from Grobin (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nHowever, direct Christian influence does not need to be assumed necessarily in order to understand the deer-snake motif of Väskinde Butter. The idea of the antagonism of deer and snake, which was already common knowledge before the church fathers appropriated it and before the Christian interpretation of the Physiologus, seems to have been known early in the North as well, to which the gold bracteate of Skrydstrup bears witness. The motif may initially have been handed down in the North without decidedly Christian influence until the early Viking Age, when it appears, for example, in the pagan cremation burial of Grävsted in Uppland and on the Haithabu coins. However, during the Viking Age at the latest, the motif must have been confronted with comparable Christian interpretations of nature and finally also been interpreted as Christian. This probably also was the case of the deer appliqué from the inhumation cemetery of Haithabu. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "value_resource_id": 2075, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2075", "display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2210", "value_resource_id": 2210, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2210", "display_title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/953efbdbf35e8863ce7bf6b1bfe71a05572c1e5d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0164.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323", "value_resource_id": 2323, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2323", "display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175", "value_resource_id": 2175, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2175", "display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211", "value_resource_id": 2211, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2211", "display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057", "value_resource_id": 2057, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2057", "display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246", "value_resource_id": 2246, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2246", "display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents the head of a mushroom-shaped picture stone, whose small size and simple border pattern (highly simplified square braid, stepped meander) refer to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ B (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, pp. 35–40). Due to the fragmented state, which does not allow the concrete shape of the head corners to be recognised, Lindqvist does not dare to assign the stone to the subgroups he has defined. The stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B, which are exclusively so-called dwarf stones of maximum 1.00 m height, are dated according to Lindqvist to the 6th to 7th century (ibid. p. 117). The stone from Väskinde Butter must therefore, if the cemetery is provisionally dated to the 9th to 10th century, have been re-used in a Viking Age grave, as are many of the picture stones in ʻAbschnittʼ B (Rundkvist 2012). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 65; II, p. 143, fig. 564; Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 7; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Oehrl 2011a, p. 76; Guber 2011, pp. 57, 156 cat. no. 93; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 161–168, pls. 159a–165b. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:6306" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väskinde 160:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Västkinde, Butter" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC5179" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5082", "value_resource_id": 5082, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5082", "display_title": "3D model for GP0551", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "337" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (80%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nStenen hittades under början av 1900-talet på en åker i Butter, Väskinde socken, 100 m norr om Själsö i närheten av stranden. Arkeologiska undersökningar som utfördes 1981 och 2008 påvisade ett gravfält i det här området. Några av gravarna kan dateras till 800- och 900-talet. Troligen har stenen återanvänts på gravfältet under vikingatiden. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nEtt fragment av en så kallad dvärgsten som har varit max 1.00 m hög. Det handlar om huvudet av en svampformad bildsten som är nästan fullständigt bevarat (cirka 0.40 x 0.43 m). \n\nReliefen på ytan framställer en kronhjort. En bandformad struktur kommer ut från hjortens mun och snirklar sig in och fortlöper kanske till en ögla eller formar ett S-format mönster. Banden kan antingen uppfattas som hjortens ornamentaliserade tunga eller som en orm. \n\nDatering \n500- till 600-talet e.Kr. (vendeltiden). \n\nTolkning \nBilden av kronhjorten som äter ormar är ett välkänt motiv i senantikens och medeltidens konst. Under antiken föreställde man sig att det fanns en fiendskap mellan hjort och orm och att hjortar hade förmågan att suga ut ormar ur deras hål i jorden för att äta dem. Kyrkofäderna tolkade det som en symbol för Kristus (hjort) som besegrade djävulen (orm). Eftersom hjorten blir sjuk efter att ha ätit ormen och måste dricka vatten från en källa för att bli frisk, tolkade de motivet också som symbol för uppståndelsen och förknippade det med Psalm 41 – ʻSom hjorten trängtar efter vattenbäckar, så trängtar min själ efter dig, o Gud.ʼ \n\nHjorten som trampar ned, biter eller suger in en orm, som en spaghetto, förekommer ofta i den kristna konsten under 400- till 600-talet, särskilt i medelhavsländerna. Men det finns också silverfiguriner från vikingatiden (omkring år 900 eller under 900-talet e.Kr.) som framställer en kronhjort med en orm i munnen, hittade i Uppland och Hedeby i Nordtyskland. Dessutom finns några skandinaviska mynt från 800-talet med det här motivet. Att fiendskapet mellan hjort och orm var ett känt motiv i Norden under förkristna perioder påvisas av en guldbrakteat (ett myntformat hängsmycke) från Skrydstrup i Jylland som framställer två ormar som angriper en kronhjort (475–500 e.Kr.). \n\nEn kronhjort tillsammans med en orm är också avbildad på GP 74 Endre skog, två älgar som möjligtvis äter en orm framställs på GP 98 Garda kyrka II. Hjortfigurer (utan ormar) finns dessutom på GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II och GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "value_resource_id": 2075, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2075", "display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "antler" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tongue" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "serpent" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6400366" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "700488" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDIasAmSKRoTJAQEwRLpIn7ATZBD8liVzlOYFV-q4DAI2k?e=w8Jf5Y" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2071", "o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343", "o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159", "o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175", "o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202", "o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211", "o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261", "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323", "o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380", "o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261", "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211", "o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5082", "o:title": "3D model for GP0551" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/403", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 403, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "o:id": 2595 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.700690462977825, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.364631010115204, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2121, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2025-04-22T08:42:57+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4010", "o:id": 4010 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4010", "o:id": 4010 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 74 Endre skog" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0074" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "A gravel pit in the forest between Endre and Visby, which also contained grave finds. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Endre" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Endre skog" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen i en grusgrop där man också hittade vikingatida gravfynd (SHM 1667). Found in forest between Endre and Visby." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Pall 28, Stone 3" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The small stone slab was found in 1851 by the workman Olof Toftén in a gravel pit situated in the forest between Endre and Visby (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 41; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 145–146; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 cat. no. 4). In the same gravel pit he had collected numerous grave goods which were reported and transferred to Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm. Toftén collected the items at two different occasions during the same year (SHM 1667 and 1687). The stone and the other objects were located close to the surface, along with human bones. Among the finds were two animal head brooches, two bronze penannular brooches, a box brooch, a bronze bow brooch, a pair of bronze dress pins, bronze belt mounts, bronze bangles, a gilded bronze bracteate, a fossil (Astylospongia), beads, knives, a comb, a sword, and an axe, as well as pottery sherds. Most of the material can be dated to the Viking Age, and some items to the Late Vendel Period (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 145–146). Consequently, the picture stone appears to have been re-used in a Viking Age grave construction. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 10 cm thick, and its obverse is quite even. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles to the obverse with a levelled chamfer of 1 cm width. The stone’s reverse is rough and unworked. The preserved slab represents circa two thirds of a small picture stone – its head and most of the lower image field. The lower left corner, however, is broken off and lost. The height of the fragment is 50 cm, its width between the upper edges 37 cm. The missing part is now reconstructed with cement. The distinctly carved decoration is very well preserved. Lindqvist provides photos of the painted and the unpainted stone, as well as a drawing by Olof Sörling (1941/42 I, figs. 50, 52; II, fig. 341; cf. ATA 1718:31b, 2223:27–28, 2440:42). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "50" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 42) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with contour lines that have a V-shaped cross section and are slightly more than 2 mm deep, the background field has been carved to a depth of about 2 mm. Within a border with a debased three-strand interlace pattern, at the very bottom, a running stag or elk with large antlers, above this, a serpent with its body intertwined in itself, also a watercraft with rounded, raised stems and a ʻcabinʼ, which by now is rather indistinct, and finally, at the very top, a single-strand interlace pattern.” The animal’s antler does not look like the shovel-shaped antler of an elk but more like a stylised branched antler of a red deer stag. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "There is one more Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ depicting a deer and a snake – on GP 551 Väskinde Butter a red deer stag can be seen who is sucking in and probably eating a serpent. The late-type picture stone GP 98 Garda kyrka II depicts two facing moose, which have an figure-eight-shaped loop – probably a snake – between their mouths, apparently eating it as well. More images of deer, albeit without snakes, can be seen on the Type B stone GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV and the late type ʻcist stonesʼ GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 (a red deer stag attacked by two hunters), and GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II (a red deer with long, backwards-turned antlers). \n\nThe deer who is fighting and even eating a serpent represents a widespread motif in ancient and medieval Christian literary tradition and iconography. For the interpretation of the deer-and-serpent motif in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular, on Type B picture stones but also in Viking Period iconography see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. It is important to mention that the depiction of a ʻknottedʼ serpent, with its body intertwined with itself, follows conventions of ancient Christian iconography, indicating that the animal (representing evil) is vanished and bound (Meier 1998, p. 388; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 252–253). \n\nThe non-zoomorphic interlace pattern above the ship may be understandable in a similar manner. Central interlace and knot motifs on Type B picture stones such as GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I, GP 193 Hellvi Ire III and Endre skog may represent more than just decoration and could be regarded as apotropaic images. The conception of knot, net and interlace patterns as being magical protective devices against all kinds of harm – fettering, capturing and caging the evil in their impenetrable web – is widespread and well documented in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and has also been discussed regarding Late Iron Age Scandinavia, namely in case of the animal styles (e.g. Scheftelowitz 1912; Weigert 1938; Wessel 1971; Zischka 1977; Kitzinger 1993; Graf 2010, 29–35; Wamers 2008, 52–54; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 265–288; Oehrl 2019a, p. 123). That serpent-like animals, intertwined and knotted together, represent fettered and defanged demons, is easy to imagine. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "value_resource_id": 2075, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2075", "display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295", "value_resource_id": 2295, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2295", "display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239", "value_resource_id": 2239, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2239", "display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means ʻAbschnittʼ B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones with convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns it to his Sandegårdagruppe, named after GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, which is characterized by the shape described above and rich decoration. The interlace border on Endre skog is the same as on GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I and GP 83 Fole kyrka. Lindqvist compares the interlace motif on the lower image field of Endre skog and other middle-type picture stones with the decoration of Vendel Period brooches in order to support his dating of ʻAbschnittʼ B (ibid. p. 116). The convex and almost semicircular shape of the ship represents, according to Lindqvist (ibid. p. 64–65), a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, or perhaps even a late imitation of the Brotypus (including the ʻcabinʼ), named after the Type A stone GP 43 Bro kyrka I. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction without mast or sail to his group 1 (rigglösa skepp), which he dates to the period between the 5th and the 6th century. In Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 159), the stone belongs to group dwarf2, dating to the early Vendel Period. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385", "value_resource_id": 2385, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2385", "display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2130", "value_resource_id": 2130, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2130", "display_title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d09b2e815314b8f91679309a70e47bf23f150cdc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0083.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "value_resource_id": 2124, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2124", "display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 74, 89, 116, fig. 50, 52; II, pp. 41–42, fig. 341; Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 7; Varenius 1992, p. 58, fig. 12; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 42, 44; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Oehrl 2011a, p. 76; Guber 2011, pp. 77, 57, 115 cat. no. 11, figs. 18, 37; Pesch 2015a, pp. 375–576; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 166–168, pl. 167d. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Endre Skog (Wald)" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4607", "value_resource_id": 4607, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4607", "display_title": "3D model for GP0074" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "53" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "1687" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1851 vid grustäkt i skogen mellan Visby och Endre. I samma grustäkt påträffades även gravfynd från sen vendeltid och vikingatid, vilket tyder på att bildstenen återanvänts i en vikingatida grav. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå tredjedelar av en dvärgsten (period B), 50 cm hög och som bredast 37 cm. Bildsidan är uppdelad i tre fält med ett flätmönster överst, ett fartyg och en orm som är slingrad i sig själv i mittfältet och en springande hjort eller älg i det nedersta fältet. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-700-talen. \n\nTolkning \nHjorten och den slingrade ormen kan vara en influens från en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "serpent" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "interlace" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "boat" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "antlers" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261", "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380", "o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130", "o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239", "o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295", "o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212", "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2227", "o:title": "GP 181 Hejdeby Råby" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2284", "o:title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285", "o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414", "o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4607", "o:title": "3D model for GP0074" } ] } }, { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2145, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "medium": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "square": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:30:06+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3030", "o:id": 3030 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3029", "o:id": 3029 }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3030", "o:id": 3030 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0098" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Incorporated into the tower of Garda (Garde) church. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på västra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I kyrkan. Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på västra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The two picture stone fragments GP 97 Garda kyrka I and Garda kyrka II, which appear to originate from one and the same monument, are incorporated into the wall of Garda (today also ʻGardeʼ) church’s bell tower (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46; Svahnström 1972, p. 332). The stones form the lintels for the lowest sound hatches on the south and west sides of the tower, respectively. Both stones are integrated in the wall at equal height, with their decorated sides facing downwards. The fragments were first recognised in the church and reported to Gotlands Museum by E. Lundmark in 1914 (ATA Go Garde sn: Kyrkan –1949). The only available photos of the stones and their difficult location were taken by E. Edle in 1919 (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). \n\nFour more picture stone fragments, GP 99–102 Garda kyrka 3–6, were discovered under the floor of the nave by Gustav Trotzig during archaeological excavations in 1968 (Trotzig 1970). A further picture stone, GP 95 Garda kyrka 7, was found by B. Böttger-Niedenzu in 1984, incorporated into the 14th century lychgate. Garda church is regarded as one of the oldest churches of Gotland (Lagerlöf 1972; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 142–144; Andrén 2011, pp. 199–201). As early as around AD 1100, there was a wooden church at the same place. This Viking Age church has been replaced by an early Romanesque building by the middle of the 12th century, the nave and the lower part of the tower of which are still preserved. In the middle of the 13th century, the tower was built up to its present height; in the first half of the 14th century, the Romanesque choir and apse were demolished and replaced by the current large Gothic choir. Among the church’s most remarkable features are the Russo-Byzantine wall paintings on the tower arch and in the nave. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "value_resource_id": 2144, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2144", "display_title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_inventeringsbok_1978.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146", "value_resource_id": 2146, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2146", "display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2147", "value_resource_id": 2147, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2147", "display_title": "GP0100", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/65d9bb56dbf1c7fd6522f89452d181783b341da3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0100.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2148", "value_resource_id": 2148, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2148", "display_title": "GP0101", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f4f243f90cd0a8f96f584af621bc39d40cbe6a38.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0101.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2149", "value_resource_id": 2149, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2149", "display_title": "GP0102" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2142", "value_resource_id": 2142, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2142", "display_title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/05739491a7017961eb019e8354111404b858ee7d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no185.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 14 cm thick; its obverse is relatively flat. As the stone is incorporated into the masonry, no observations can be made regarding the narrow sides and the reverse. The currently visible part of the fragment is circa 1.30 x 0.70 m. The well-preserved decoration is executed by the chiseling of the background fields, which are about 1–2 mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46). The relief is remarkably sharp and clear. The deeper parts of the carvings, in particular the contour lines of the depicted animals, are dark, almost black, which appears to indicate secondary paint or bacterial impact. As both fragments, GP 97 Garda kyrka I and Garda kyrka II, are quite similar regarding the nature of the material, colour, and preservation, Lindqvist (ibid.) regards them as originating from one and the same picture stone. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "value_resource_id": 2144, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2144", "display_title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_inventeringsbok_1978.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "130" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "14" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist reproduces a drawing made by Olof Sörling (1941/42 II, fig. 352); photos taken by E. Edle in 1919 with the carvings traced with white chalk by F. Nordin are kept in ATA. The visible part of the slab shows, according to Sörling’s drawing, two antithetic elks, which have a figure-eight-shaped loop – maybe a snake? (Nordland 1949, p. 120; Hartner 1969, p. 66–67; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601) – between their mouths, presumably eating it (see VI). Of the left animal only the forepart is visible, the figure on the right-hand side is completely preserved. Both elks are facing each other and crossing their forelegs. The animals are identifiable as elks (Alces alces) due to the clearly depicted dewlap (also called ʻbellʼ). Garda kyrka II is the only Gotlandic picture stone that features this specific characteristic and thus clearly depicts elks and not red deer. In the lower right corner of the fragment, a strange spiked, almost comb-like but undefinable object can be seen. \n\nOn a few Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ representations of deer (less probable, elks) connected with serpents can be seen – GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer over which an intertwined snake is positioned. GP 551 Väskinde Butter depicts a red deer stag eating a serpent. Probably a further deer, but without snakes, is shown on the Type B picture stone GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. There are, however, at least two more late-type picture stones with deer depictions to be mentioned as well – the ʻcist stonesʼ GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II and GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6. The latter depicts two hunters with lance and sword who are fighting a big red deer stag. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075", "value_resource_id": 2075, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2075", "display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The deer that is fighting and even eating a serpent represents a widespread motif in ancient and medieval Christian literary tradition and iconography. For the interpretation of the deer-and-serpent motif in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular on Type B picture stones but also in Viking Period iconography, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. For a hunting-related context see GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241", "value_resource_id": 2241, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2241", "display_title": "GP0195" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 50) himself assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ D, without giving any reasons. The monuments of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700, the small group of Type D stones, which, however, must be regarded as a subgroup of C rather than a separate Type, he dates to the middle or the second half of the 8th century. According to recent research, however, those Type C/D picture stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th and the 10th centuries. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 50, 89; II, p. 46, fig. 352; Nordland 1949, p. 120; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 6; Hartner 1969, p. 66–67; Svahnström 1972, p. 332, fig. 393; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 44; Oehrl 2019, pp. 166–168, pl. 167e. " } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garde 124:5" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda, Kirche II" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4631", "value_resource_id": 4631, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4631", "display_title": "3D model for GP0098", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0098_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "63b" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen är inmurad i tornet på Garda kyrka, och rapporterades första gången 1914. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nFortfarande inmurad i tornet. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en stor svampformad bildsten (period C-D), vilken troligen hänger samman med ett annat fragment, GP 97 Garda kyrka I. Det bevarade fragmentet är 130 x 70 cm. Ett bevarat bildfält med två motställda älgar och en 8-formig figur (en orm?) placerad mellan älgarnas munnar. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nBilden kan möjligen knytas till en hjort som kämpar med en orm i kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "value_resource_id": 2144, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2144", "display_title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_inventeringsbok_1978.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "serpent" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "legs" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDQESNxzLTLQ4T1ngIi6c61Abtxbw8mYcm1eAmsnrxsxvg?e=nqJ8Bn" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2144", "o:title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261", "o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075", "o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2144", "o:title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" }, { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2144", "o:title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4631", "o:title": "3D model for GP0098" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/111", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 111, "o:item": { "@id": "https://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "o:id": 2145 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.317182587427645, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.581788496913987, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] } ]