[ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2156", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2156, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:38:27+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3862", "o:id": 3862 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3862", "o:id": 3862 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0109" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/7a69b6ce-cd69-4e88-b69e-e0fe4f047493", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen som golvsten i en nisch på östra sidan av muröppningen mellan kor och sakristia." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the church, incorporated into a niche." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I som golvsten mellan kor och sakristia." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Fragment, installed as bottom slab in a niche on the east side of the wall opening between choir and sacristy. The obverse is facing upwards and is partially hidden by the masonry. The hewn, whitewashed stone forming the lintel of the same niche possibly is another piece of the same picture stone. The stone was first observed by E. Lundmark” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48). According to the 1977 inventory, a glass case was placed over the stone. In “Sveriges Kyrkor” (Roosval 1947, p. 101) it is said that faint remains of carvings are discernible on the plastered lintel stone as well; however, they have not been checked yet. More picture stones have been found in the ceiling of the stairway in the northern wall of the choir (GP 108 Gothem kyrka I [A]), in the floor of the sacristy (GP 110 Gothem kyrka III), and in the floor of the choir, just in front of the altar (GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4). \n\nThe choir and the sacristy are the oldest parts of the current building, erected in the early 13th century (Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 146–147; cf. Andrén 2011, pp. 184–186). They replaced an earlier Romanesque choir from the 12th century, parts of which have been found under the floor during a restoration in 1949/50 (Lagerlöf 1964). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2155", "value_resource_id": 2155, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2155", "display_title": "GP 108 Gothem kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/45333e2f280380cafe968c28720045747b6ef81a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0108.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2158", "value_resource_id": 2158, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2158", "display_title": "GP0111", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b7ec6b89a9c25ebf69b3765d21cd47ae99bfa2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0111.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 11 cm thick, its visible part measures about 60 x 70 cm. The obverse is relatively even but slightly pitted. The decoration is well preserved, executed in “finely carved lines and slightly chiseled grooves in the rhombic pattern of the sail” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "60" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "11" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The only available documentation of the carvings so far was a drawing by Olof Sörling from about 1910 (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 357). “The imagery includes a sail with rhombic pattern on a mast that has stays on both sides, indistinct remains of sheet ropes and probably of one crewmember as well as inner parts of the left border” (ibid. p. 48). \n\nThe outlines of the rhombi are chiseled into the stone. The intersections of these grooves are marked with tiny, raised rhombi. This elaborate design can also be seen on, for instance, GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I; GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII; GP 162 Halla Broa IV. Two ropes are running obliquely across the sail, towards the upper part of the mast (stays). Another two sheets are running from both sides of the mast to the lower framing of the sail (middle sheet, cf. GP 90 Fröjel kyrka, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I and others). Further sheets are discernable below the sail, probably held by a crewman who is not preserved. Only remains of one crew member could be detected in the lower left corner. The inner frame of the left border is preserved as well. Above the sail, there might have been a horizontal divider. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137", "value_resource_id": 2137, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2137", "display_title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0090.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even though a mushroom-shape of the monument is not preserved, its carving technique and image motif clearly indicate a late-type picture stone, which means ʻAbschnittʼ C–E. Those monuments can be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and around AD 1100. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns the stone from Gothem to ʻAbschnittʼ C, which he dates to around AD 700. Recent research, however, tends to date the Type C/D picture stones to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and AD 1000. According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction on the Gothem stone belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 48, fig. 357; Roosval 1947, p. 101. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:8941" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem 189:4" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gothem, Kirche II" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4641", "value_resource_id": 4641, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4641", "display_title": "3D model for GP0109", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0109_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "72" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen avbildad första gången omkring 1910. Placerad i en nisch i den norra muren av koret i Gothems kyrka \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma plats som när bildstenen avbildades första gången. \n\nBeskrivning \nTillhugget fragment av en svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 70 x 60 cm. Delar av ett segel, en mast, en rigg och en besättningsman synliga. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "polygon" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6387595" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "723311" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6387595" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "723311" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA8I1CtCsEJTJ9aBiDuNuyKAe06zk3eAccRVwf0u3zPGkE?e=eVyaLR" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2155", "o:title": "GP 108 Gothem kyrka I" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4641", "o:title": "3D model for GP0109" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/121", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 121, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2156", "o:id": 2156 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.57547208222266, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.73497711416826, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2175, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:49:43+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4179", "o:id": 4179 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4179", "o:id": 4179 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0129" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural field close to the farmstead ʻStenstuʼ in Hablingbo parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hablingbo" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hablingbo Stenstugu" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på en åker ungefär 300-400 m väster om byn." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The two fragments of a picture stone were found while ploughing, approximately 300 to 400 m west of the farmstead ʻStenstuʼ (i.e., ʻStenstuguʼ), and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm in 1920. More information is not available. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The small picture stone is preserved in two fragments, one of them representing the monument’s complete head and a small part of the field below, and the second one representing the massive root, the base and the bottom part of the lower image field. Only one of the original edges is preserved on the second fragment; the other edge is broken off. The middle part of the stone, including a large part of the lower image field and the lateral edges is missing. Lindqvist notes: “Limestone slab, 3–5 cm thick. Both broad sides above the root smoothed by hewing, though not completely flat, the narrow sides hewn at right angles to it and separated from both broad sides by chamfers, that generally do not reach 1 cm width.” The carvings are well preserved. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "As most of the carvings are very clear; they have not been painted (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 55–56, cf. ATA 462:2-3; 440:26). Nevertheless, some of the details described by Lindqvist can only be discerned on Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1920, which is not published in “Gotlands Bildsteine” but kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Lindqvist describes the decoration and their technique with particular detail (ibid. II, p. 57): “The bordering on both broad sides is formed by 3 mm wide grooves of 1–2 mm depth and with almost flat bases. They obviously were carved by means of a 3 mm wide chisel that was set to the stone surface transversely and then little by little was moved in the direction of the grooves. Some of the contours of the figures in the fields were produced in the same manner, but at several places, the chisel had been put down at an oblique angle at the cutting edge, so that merely that edge that is facing the figure was cut deep enough to produce a sharp ledge. As a consequence of the method just described, the masts of the vessels, for example, appear to rise up from the sunken background field. Only exceptionally have large areas of the large background fields been chiselled, such as in the areas between the birds’ bellies and feet. \n\nApart from the borders with a simplified twisted cord patterns and unusually wide horizontal borders with zigzag patterns along the base, the imagery on Face A, the field of which is divided in two at about half way up the body by a horizontal border, includes: in the upper panel, a watercraft with towering stems, a rudder on its starboard side, and a tabular sail, and in the lower panel, remains of two waterfowl facing each other; on the other broad side, at the very top, a watercraft like the preceding one, but with the rudder on its port side, as well as four pointed figures rising up from the railing, at the very bottom, remains of two waterfowl facing each other.” " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular regarding eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with convex head and pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Hablingbo Stenstu was the name-given for Lindqvist’s so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field of the stone and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). As far as GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu is concerned, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome is the best match, featuring a very similar type of bird, probably a comparable ship, as well as the same outline (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). \n\nVarenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Hablingbo Stenstu to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. In Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, however, the shape of the stone corresponds to his type dwarf2, dating to the early Vendel Period. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211", "value_resource_id": 2211, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2211", "display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323", "value_resource_id": 2323, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2323", "display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057", "value_resource_id": 2057, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2057", "display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246", "value_resource_id": 2246, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2246", "display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37–38, 40, 66, fig. 55–56; II, p. 57; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, figs. 21–22; Guber 2011, p. 123 cat. no. 28; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 168, pl. 2f. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hablingbo, Stenstu" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4661", "value_resource_id": 4661, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4661", "display_title": "3D model for GP0129", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0129B_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "99" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "16510" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nTvå fragment av en bildsten påträffades vid plöjning cirka 300-400 m väster om gården Stenstu. Fragmenten överlämnade till Statens historiska museum 1920. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en liten bildsten (period B). Bildstenen har två bildfält på båda sidorna. I båda de övre bildfälten ett fartyg med segel, och i båda de nedre fälten två motställda sjöfåglar. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nDe motställda sjöfåglarna kan ha influerats av kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waterfowl" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "torso" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCDuF2BdsKPQpiwLkreaR42AX5FXMTV0NCa4NYgP3kfCvo?e=IQl3Jo" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2176", "o:title": "GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2177", "o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343", "o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211", "o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323", "o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4661", "o:title": "3D model for GP0129" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2188, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:00:06+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4193", "o:id": 4193 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4193", "o:id": 4193 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0142" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broe" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen tilsammans med Broa VIII & IX samt inventarienummer GF 1679-1702 & 1704-1710. Funnen på \"Branden\" vid nybyggnation" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N-S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’ graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\n“Found by the butcher Petterson during construction of his new house on the so-called ʻBrandenʼ, together with [Halla Broa] VIII and IX as well as 24 limestone balls [gravklot] (GF 1679–1702) and several other antiquities (GF 1704–1710)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), west of the road to Viklau, south of the railway line, in an area belonging to the farmstead Möllbos gård (not Broa/Broe). Information about the find year is not available. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 4 to 6 cm thick above the root, which is up to 9 cm thick. Both broad sides are hewn, partially convex; the root is considerably rougher and less worked than indicated by the drawing. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the broad sides, with chamfers of about 1 cm width in between. Height 77 cm, 54 cm of which above the base. Width 44 cm between the upper corners, 29 cm at the base” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62–63). The stone is completely preserved, including the massive, pedestal-like root, which is a typical feature of Lindqvist’s Abschnitt B. The carved obverse and reverse are in good condition, there are only minor cracks and scratches on both sides. The decoration is clearly visible. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "80" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration is executed on both faces in deep and clear lines. The field is surrounded by a border with a simplified twisted cord pattern [which looks like a simple step pattern] and divided into two panels by a horizontal border. The lower panel contains a waterfowl, the upper one a vessel with steep, towering stems; basically, the imagery on both faces is identical. Only on one face, the ship appears to have had a mast (and a sail?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). The water bird has a massive body, a pointed tail, a long erect neck with a tiny head and a pair of short human-like legs and feet. Most probably, the figure represents a goose or perhaps a swan. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or facing pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular, regarding eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with almost semi-circular head and slightly downward-pointing corner edges. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. \n\nHalla Broa VII is a typical representative of Lindqvist’s so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by a border decoration consisting of a simple step pattern (simplified twisted cord) as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. However, Lindqvist does not only assign stones with bird depictions to the Stenstugruppe. GP 143 Halla Broa I, for instance, belonging to this group as well, is a good parallel to Halla Broa VII regarding the outline, the border pattern and the vessel, however, with a deer- or horse-like quadruped instead of a bird. GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 160 Halla Broa X, to name two more examples, do not feature any depiction on the lower field at all, yet they are counted among the Stenstugruppe. \n\nThe currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). Garda Smiss I is the best match to Halla Broa VII, featuring a very similar design. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189", "value_resource_id": 2189, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2189", "display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071", "value_resource_id": 2071, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2071", "display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206", "value_resource_id": 2206, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2206", "display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211", "value_resource_id": 2211, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2211", "display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175", "value_resource_id": 2175, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2175", "display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323", "value_resource_id": 2323, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2323", "display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057", "value_resource_id": 2057, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2057", "display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246", "value_resource_id": 2246, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2246", "display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 304, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note", "is_public": true, "@value": "B, dubbelsidig." } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, 116, figs. 59–60; II, pp. 62–63, figs. 388–389; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 43; Guber 2011, pp. 53, 125 cat. no. 31; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168 " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa VII" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC1676" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4674", "value_resource_id": 4674, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4674", "display_title": "3D model for GP0142", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "107" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid ett husbygge på ett område som tillhörde gården Möllbos, nära järnåldersgravfältet vid Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 77 x 44 cm, dekorerad på båda sidor i två fält. I det övre fältet på båda sidor ett skepp, på den ena sidan även med mast. I det nedre fältet på båda sidor en sjöfågel (gås eller svan?). \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen entydig tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waterfowl" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "head" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "legs" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "feet" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "goose" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "swan" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCSSlw7vJuqSbOAi5Ghr5ReAf-TLqUR8RUvwYsxX1bgxXU?e=hMMshz" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2115", "o:title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113", "o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175", "o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211", "o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323", "o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2337", "o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2319", "o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2374", "o:title": "GP 329 Roma klosterruin" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192", "o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067", "o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4674", "o:title": "3D model for GP0142" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2189, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:00:34+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194", "o:id": 4194 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194", "o:id": 4194 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0143" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gravfältet Högbro några tum under jordytan. Samtidigt hittades föremål i brons och järn." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E-W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’ graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa I was mentioned by Pehr Arvid Säve in his Samlingar (III p. 557; V p. 116). It was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, “[…] lying several inches below ground surface, at about the same time as [GP 160–161 Halla Broa] II and III. At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the late Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Lindqvist believed that stones of this type (see IX) had been placed in pairs on graves (I, p. 37). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206", "value_resource_id": 2206, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2206", "display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "value_resource_id": 2207, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2207", "display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The more richly decorated broad side appears to be naturally even and is highly convex, the other is obviously, albeit cursory, smoothed above the root. The narrow sides are hewn and limited by 1 cm wide, now severely weathered chamfers. Total height now 70 cm, 48 cm of which above the root. Width 48.5 cm at the upper corners, 38 cm at the body, 35 cm above the root” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Parts of the originally semi-circular head and small parts of the massive foot-like root are broken off. Apart from that, the monument is well preserved and in good condition. The decoration is deeply carved, and the surface shows no traces of weathering. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "48" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 59) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with wide lines with rounded bottoms. The fields are surrounded by a border with simplified [twisted] cord pattern and are divided on both broad sides by identically decorated horizontal borders into two halves of about equal size. On both faces, the upper panel bears the image of a watercraft with steep, towering stems and a mast. In the lower panel, only one face is decorated: a sheep-like animal and closely stacked horizontal zigzag lines fill the entire area.” \n\nThe depicted quadruped looks rather like a horse and not at all like a sheep. However, compared to GP 74 Endre skog, GP 551 Väskinde Butter, and GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV it seems more likely to represent a red deer or a doe. On a drawing by Olof Sörling kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen, mistakenly labelled as ʻHögbro Romaʼ), the animal is completely missing. The figure is hard to discern, as it is less deeply carved than the ornament. The empty field on the stone’s backside, comparable to some other Type B picture stones such as GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 96 Garda Smiss I, is remarkable. It is plausible to assume that those empty fields were never carved but instead were decorated with paint (Guber 2011, p. 77; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 197, 291). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261", "value_resource_id": 2261, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2261", "display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071", "value_resource_id": 2071, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2071", "display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The size, the decoration, and the shape (semi-circular head with corners slightly protruding downwards and a massive root) of the ʻdwarf stoneʼ obviously indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns it to his Stenstugruppe. In terms of shape, GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser and GP 142 Halla Broa VII are good parallels, the latter belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻStenstugruppeʼ as well. A horizontal border with zigzag pattern comparable to the background ornamentation on Halla Broa I can be seen on GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens (also belonging to the Stenstugruppe) and GP 146 Halla Broa VIII. According to Vareniusʼs (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship on the stoneʼs backside, which features remnants of a simple sail (Rikvidetypus according to Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 66), belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2115", "value_resource_id": 2115, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2115", "display_title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/844d3f0e9161f7dca849f4dbff880524b4affc4d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0068.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2140", "value_resource_id": 2140, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2140", "display_title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5be55c4c7284e4bf3e5c340122d6f15977aa72f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0093.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192", "value_resource_id": 2192, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2192", "display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, fig. 61–62; II, p. 59; Varenius 1992, p. 62; Guber 2011, p. 124 cat. no. 30; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 32, 197. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2087" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4675", "value_resource_id": 4675, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4675", "display_title": "3D model for GP0143", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0143_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "101" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (typ B), 70 x 48.5 cm, dekorerad på båda sidor med kantdekor och en horisontell zon som avdelar stenen i två bildfält. På den ena sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast och ett nedre fält med ett hästliknande djur. På den andra sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast, medan det nedre fältet saknar bild \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheep" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "deer" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDfSvpUijuPTanW9oqawVkJAQvwDHiH7vrzUrBSnA49vTc?e=mWOsPt" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2115", "o:title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113", "o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140", "o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192", "o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210", "o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206", "o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140", "o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067", "o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4675", "o:title": "3D model for GP0143" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2193, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2025-08-26T08:37:41+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4198", "o:id": 4198 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4198", "o:id": 4198 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 147 Halla Broa X" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0147" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på tomten hos Otto Engström i Banden. Tätt under markytan" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great mire system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriorsʼs graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969/75 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\n“Found on the property of Otto Engström in ʻBrandenʼ, close under the ground surface. Brought to GF in 1913” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård." } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 3.5–6.5 cm thick. The obverse, which today looks severely battered, appears to have been naturally even, the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse; a chamfer in between hardly ever existed. The reverse is rough and unworked. The total height of the stone is 47 cm, 28 cm of which are above the root. Width of the head 27 cm, that of the neck 24 cm, of the base 26 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The stone is completely preserved. The root tapers downwards; perhaps parts of it are broken off. Since the surface is much abraded, probably due to weathering, and since the carved lines are very shallow, most of the decoration is quite hard to discern. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "47" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "27" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "6" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The small monument is decorated with very shallow, 2 to 3-mm-wide lines. According to Lindqvist’s description and photo of the painted stone (1941/42 I, p. 64, fig. 54), large parts of the framing border with a typical simplified twisted cord pattern, which looks like a simple step pattern, are discernible on the stone’s left and bottom sides. Furthermore, on the stone’s body, halfway up, there is a horizontal border with a herringbone pattern. In the upper field, a simple ship image with towering stems, a mast and a small rectangular sail can be seen. \n\nAn unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling from 1914 shows fewer remains of carvings, only a few insignificant parts of the border decoration and the vessel (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). A photo of the painted stone taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA 1751:23), does not reveal many more details; only Lindqvist’s final paint version, documented by a photo taken by A. Edle in 1936 (ATA 2223:25), depicts all elements of the decoration described above. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a slightly convex head with corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns Halla Broa X to his Stenstugruppe. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The simple ship depiction corresponds to a type labelled by Lindqvist as Rikvidetypus (ibid. I, p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 62, fig. 24, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features of a simple rectangular sail, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. A horizontal border with herringbone pattern is unusual and a special feature of this stone. Cf. The herringbone pattern on GP 10 Alva St. Ringome. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057", "value_resource_id": 2057, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2057", "display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, fig. 54; II, p. 64; Guber 2011, p. 126 cat. no. 33; Oehrl 2019a, p. 32. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa X" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC2433" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4679", "value_resource_id": 4679, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4679", "display_title": "3D model for GP0147", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0147_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "110" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades precis väster om korsningen mellan vägen till Viklau och den forna järnvägen, nära det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. Stenen fördes till Gotlands fornsal 1913. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 47 x 27 cm, med kantdekorationer och rester av två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet ett skepp med mast och ett litet segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113", "o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2198", "o:title": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2339", "o:title": "GP 293 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4679", "o:title": "3D model for GP0147" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2196", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2196, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:05:43+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201", "o:id": 4201 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201", "o:id": 4201 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0150" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, next to the old railway line; the fragment was found in the stone cover of a burial mound. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på en nybyggd tomt till höger om järnvägsspåret, alldeles vid järnvägsbommen i trekanten. Vid röjade av gravhög." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM Storage" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, investigating 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to a report letter from 1917-07-17 kept in ATA (Go Halla sn M–Ö, dnr 709-1917; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65), Wennersten states that the picture stone Halla Broa XVI was “found on a newly built-on property to the right of the railway tracks, when travelling south from the train station Roma, just next to the level crossing in the triangle formed by the country road from Roma, the road to Viklau, and Gotlands railway line. […] [It] came to light two years ago when some workers, who had been commissioned by Hans Hansson to clear a burial mound from its grass cover until he would be back shortly afterwards, in doing so uncovered the stone. The picture stone lay there between other stone pieces; when I was there, it had lain with the obverse upwards in the open air for two years.” " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab represents the entire body and root of a small mushroom-shaped picture stone, which is now missing its head. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse but for the most part only roughly worked. The stone has a height of 75 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. The width of the neck is 32 cm, that of the base 45 m. The slab is about 10 cm thick (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65–66). There are no serious signs of weathering, abrasion or damage to be observed on the stone’s surface. However, the images are not easy to discern. The decoration is executed with fine lines, while the background fields are slightly chiselled, not more than 1 mm deep (ibid. fig. 396; ATA 494:9a; 1718:22). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "75" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 65–66) describes the carvings in the following way: “Within the border, which is up to 6 cm wide, an interwoven band pattern. In the panel above a horizontal bar at the neck, the legs of a running horse can be seen, which indicates that the stone’s head was filled with the image of horse and rider. Just below the horizontal bar, three persons can be perceived in a low panel, of whom the middle one appears to be shown in a sitting position […]. Below this, there is a ship with rounded, towering stems and rectangular sail with rhombic pattern on a mast, on which probably are attached one stay from the left (prow?) and two from the right. A rudder may have been near the indistinct stem on the right. Above the railing, the torsos of six crewmen, all facing left, jut out; they presumably are behind a row of shields attached to the railing. Below the ship, a row of waves is depicted, the crests of which are breaking to the left, and a final horizontal border.” \n\nIn Olof Sörling’s drawing of the stone dating to 1918 (ibid. fig. 394), the horizontal border below the waves represents a simplified twisted cord pattern, which cannot be identified on Lindqvist’s photo of the painted surface (ibid. fig. 395). Another notable difference between both pictures is the left stem of the ship, which in Sörling’s opinion seems to end in an animal head with open jaws. Sörling and Lindqvist basically agree about the three figures in the image panel above the ship’s sail. The man to the left (see also Oehrl 2019a, pls. 57e–h) is wearing a sword scabbard and stretching out his hand towards the middle figure, which could represent a human. The human figure to the right, whose gender remains unclear, lifts up its hand, holding up an indefinable object, probably a drinking vessel, less probably a weapon. Either the figure is sitting on a chair or wearing long garments. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 66) compares the figures in the panel above the ship with the uppermost panel of GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, which (according to Lindqvist’s painted version) depicts two warriors, flanking and apparently attacking a woman placed between them. This scene has been interpreted on the basis of heroic legend, as a case of abduction of a woman or the killing of King Jǫrmunrekr (Lindqvist 1941/42 I. p. 105; Gjessing 1943, p. 86). For more information see the regarding article about Lärbro St. Hammars I. \n\nIf the person in the right corner of the panel holds up a drinking vessel, the depiction could be compared to drinking scenes on other picture stones such as GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1. For their possible interpretation as drinking and oath taking ceremony or afterlife feasting, see articles cited by Oehrl (cf. Oehrl 2019a, pp. 172–174, 178). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone Halla Broa XVI to between AD 750 and 900. According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. The horizontal border beneath the waves is particularly remarkable. The simplified twisted cord (or step) pattern is typical for Type B picture stones and occurs rarely on late type monuments. A decorated horizontal border just above the root is also quite unusual. The only parallel is GP 149 Halla Broa IX, which is comparable to Halla Broa XVI in many respects. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2195", "value_resource_id": 2195, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2195", "display_title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dee08f2d52773427a99fc66c4cb90a4a0c103ccc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0149.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 105; II, pp. 65–66, figs. 394–396; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 608; Oehrl 2019a, p. 89, pls. 57e–h. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa XVI" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4682", "value_resource_id": 4682, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4682", "display_title": "3D model for GP0150", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0150_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "116" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "16239" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid röjning av en gravhög 1915 på det stora järnåldersgravfältet Broa i Halla. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformad bildsten (typ C-D), 75 x 45 cm, med kantdekor och tre olika bildfält. I det översta fältet spår av en springande häst, som förmodligen haft en ryttare. I det mittersta fältet tre människor varva den mittersta verkar sitta. I det nedersta fältet vågor och över vågorna ett skepp med segel och sex besättningsmän \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nOm djuret på bilden kan ses som en häst kan bilden tolkas som Sleipner som hoppar över ett hinder för att komma in i dödsriket. Om bilden i stället föreställer en hjort kan det finans en kristen bakgrund. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "legs" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sitting" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "torso" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield-row" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hand" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cup" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "chair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "running" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sheath" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDmoKG2mLnVQI6hLyYTx-H9Ac0S_ikhUjJIJn16Cyy1Tnw?e=QKNg9r" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297", "o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4682", "o:title": "3D model for GP0150" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2198", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2198, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T12:06:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4203", "o:id": 4203 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4203", "o:id": 4203 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0152" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/d05be572-289d-417a-9787-9315406403f4", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hallegårda farmstead in Halla parish (RAÄ Halla 19:1). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Farmstead" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Hallegårda" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the 1939 inventory, the stone is recorded as being kept in a garden about 100 m South-Southwest of Halla church and circa 4 m south of the school building. However, the actual find place, according to the inventory book, is located about 120 m south-southwest of the garden. The stone was unearthed on the farmstead of Hallegårda (1:15), just south of the cow barn. In the 1979 inventory it is noted that the monument has been moved to Gotlands Museum, where it is kept today. The stone is not documented in Lindqvist’s book. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 66 cm high, 39 cm wide, and about 5 cm thick. The entire picture stone is preserved, including the root, but broken across the width, in the middle. The stone’s surface is abraded, only the main parts of the decoration are still discernible. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "66" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "40" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The framing of the edge border and parts of its decoration on the stone’s base and right-hand edge (i.e., a geometrized twisted cord pattern) are discernible. In the head field of the stone, a simple ship image with towering stems, a mast and a small tabloid sail can be seen. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. GP 147 Halla Broa X, is a good parallel in shape and decoration, as well as many other dwarf stones which are gathered in Lindqvist’s (1941/42 I, p. 37) Stenstugruppe. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193", "value_resource_id": 2193, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2193", "display_title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0147.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Guber 2011, p. 128 cat. no. 38. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:1254" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla 19:1" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC10980" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4684", "value_resource_id": 4684, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4684", "display_title": "3D model for GP0152", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0152B_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "121" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nOmtalas första gången 1939, då bildstenen förvarades på gården Hallegårda. Den hade tidigare påträffats cirka 120 m syd-sydväst om gården. Överförd till Gotlands museum före 1979. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 66 cm hög, och som bredast 39 cm. Kantdekor delvis bevarad. På den övre delen av stenen ett skepp med mast och litet segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDvHj5rPIHhQKSNPsdFXIxfATvUELnuAhybJydMIkKLTX8?e=g5F55g" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4684", "o:title": "3D model for GP0152" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2212", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2212, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:28:24+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215", "o:id": 4215 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215", "o:id": 4215 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0166" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Kvietorp in Roma parish (?), an area belonging to the Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla Broa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på lantbrukare Albert Nilssons jordegendom. Fyndplatsen tillhör Roma socken." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes?" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300–400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601) are to be mentioned. \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the necropolis remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 67), the picture stone fragment Halla Broa XVIII was found on the property of the farmer Albert Nilsson, just north of the junction of the road to Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem, and thus in Roma parish, not Halla (see the map ibid. fig. 378). Here in Kvietorp (which sometimes is allocated to Roma, sometimes to Halla), 12 stone settings have been investigated in 1939 (RAÄ Roma 32:1; ATA, dnr 4606/39), which obviously belong to the Broa necropolis (Thunmark-Nylén IV:1, pp. 345–346). The burials contained Viking Age material, such as animal head brooches, penannular brooches, and fish head pendants (SHM 22476:1–2, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12a–b). There is no more information available about the find circumstances of the picture stone. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The slab represents a fragment of a dwarf stone, made up of the root and the lower part of the body of the monument. The lateral edges are preserved, the upper broken edge is irregular. “Limestone slab, 7 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides chamfered towards the back, but not towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. Total height of the fragment 57 cm, 35 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The decoration is remarkably finely executed and clearly carved out, and therefore well preserved and discernible in most parts. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "56" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "43" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The picture stone is decorated with 1–2 mm wide lines with rounded bottoms that form a framing border with a simplified twisted cord pattern. In the field, on a sunken, smoothed background, the crescent-shaped hull of a watercraft with a mast as well as – on one or possibly each side of the mast – a triangular figure rising above the railing (crew?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The open field above the right half of the vessel as well as the longish element to the left of the triangular crewman which are part of Lindqvist’s paint version of the stone (ibid. I. fig. 70; ATA B3:45b, dating 1937), however, cannot be verified and/or are misleading (cf. ibid. II, fig. 70). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Due to the stone’s fragmentary state of preservation, it cannot be assigned to any subgroup. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 65), the convex and almost semicircular shape of the unusual vessel represents a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, or perhaps even a variant of the Brotypus, named after the Type A stone GP 43 Bro kyrka I. The best parallel for this variant, in his opinion, is GP 74 Endre Skog, which he assigns to the Sandegårdagruppe. Another good match, however, is the recent find GP 13 Alva Bopparve, which seems to represent a late Type B stone, perhaps a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "value_resource_id": 2124, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2124", "display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090", "value_resource_id": 2090, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2090", "display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121", "value_resource_id": 2121, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2121", "display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060", "value_resource_id": 2060, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2060", "display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 65, fig. 70; II, p. 67, fig. 399; Guber 2011, p. 128 cat. no. 37. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Halla, Broa XVIII [Roma, Högbro]" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC7888" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4698", "value_resource_id": 4698, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4698", "display_title": "3D model for GP0166", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0166_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "118" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades före 1941 norr om vägkorsningen Roma-Sjonhem-Viklau på det stora gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en dvärgsten (typ B), 57 cm hög, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med ett fartyg med mast. En triangulär figur (besättningsman) på var sida om masten. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAYI_U6WGJERLjd-eNS1bfbAYkWCkW_TitpOr_VRPCij3I?e=Qy90wC" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213", "o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4698", "o:title": "3D model for GP0166" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2231", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2231, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:39:35+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4227", "o:id": 4227 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4227", "o:id": 4227 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4228", "o:id": 4228 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4229", "o:id": 4229 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4230", "o:id": 4230 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0185" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/461e9e6b-789b-408a-8213-cbd24cf7523a", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "An agricultural field (ʻSudaråkerʼ) just south of the farmstead ʻRings gårdʼ in Hejnum parish (RAÄ Hejnum 20:9). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum Rings" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen på Suderåkern sydväst om en grupp kämpgravar. Sydväst om gården mellan åker och äng." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 72) notes: “Picture stone, found in 1884 in the field ‘Sudaråker’, just southwest of the group of ‘kämpgravar’ (house foundations) investigated by FN [Fredrik Nordin] (Mbl [Kungl. Vitterhets historie och antikvitets akademiens månadsblad] 1886 p. 145–147, 1888 p. 49, 97, and 158–160). The stone had been lying recumbent, overgrown by ash trees and hazelnut bushes. On the same occasion, some red glass beads were observed, which, however, were not kept (?), as well as a bronze object, which was sent to SHM.” The find spot of the stone is located directly next to a complex of Early Iron Age house foundations (kämpgravar) and stone enclosures (stensträngar) (RAÄ Hejnum 20:1). After Nordin’s inspection, the complex was investigated again by Arne Björnstad in 1950. A large number of settlement finds came to light during both investigations (SHM 8063 and 2441), as well as a gold spiral ring, two Roman coins (2nd century AD), and many arrow heads (projectile points) (Nordin 1886, pp. 152–168). About 150 m south-east of the find spot, an Iron Age cemetery consisting of about 30 stone mounds is situated (RAÄ Hejnum 21:1). \n\nIn a letter by Ernst Hellgren from 1909 (ATA Go Hejnum sn Rings), a picture stone is mentioned lying in the front yard of Fornsalen, which originated from a field belonging to Rings gård (farmstead). According to Hellgren, the stone had been moved to the farmstead after its discovery and incorporated into a staircase, where it was found by Nordin, who finally delivered it to the museum in Visby. It is not clear, however, if this stone is identical with the stone described here. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, 17–20 cm thick. The obverse naturally even, partly flaked, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse rough and unworked. Total height of the stone 220 cm, 190 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration. Width at the neck 90 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 72). When the stone was discovered, it was broken into three pieces. This can still be seen on Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1910, which is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Today the fragments are fixed together with mortar, which can already be seen on the first photos of the slab dating to the early 1930s (ATA 457:30; 1751:14; 1718:42). Only the stone’s lower right edge (including the border decoration), parts of the root, and the left corner of the head are missing; otherwise the three matching fragments represent the entire monument. The stone’s surface and decoration, however, is not only damaged by the cracks but also much weathered and worn. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "220" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "90" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "20" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist describes the depictions in the following way (1941/42 II, p. 72): “Decorated with narrow, well-chiselled lines and slightly sunken background fields. Due to severe weathering, almost everything above the sail has been deleted. But it appears that the field in question contained two image panels of approximately equal height that were separated by a horizontal line or a narrow band at about the level of the neck. A horizontal border in the customary sense did not occur here. The framing border apparently contained rich band patterns of gradually alternating designs. Completely discernible is only the larger part of the ship, its sail with rhombic pattern, the breaking waves underneath, and the stylised four-strand interlace in the horizontal border at the base”. The ship’s mast is not placed in the middle of the ship but a bit further to the left, as in the cases of, for instance, GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III, GP 280 När Smiss I, GP 561 Väte Gullarve, and GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2. \n\nThere are three slightly different interpretations, all of them kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). An early drawing by Olof Sörling (2425:19) corresponds to Lindqvist’s description but without the horizontal border line in the head field. An improved drawing by Sörling dating to 1910 seems to depict the body and a single leg of a horse in the head field and minor additions regarding the border decoration and the rigging. Lindqvist’s photo of the painted stone (II, fig. 77), which was taken by Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA 1718:42), features the described horizontal line in the head field instead of the horse, as well as some more details regarding the interlace border and the rigging, which seems to represent a network of ropes. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "value_resource_id": 2257, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2257", "display_title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2605", "value_resource_id": 2605, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2605", "display_title": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c89e316930bb76d11c3e308904bae3dac0df0f6a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0561.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone. The monument belongs to a small group of large Type C stones with slightly convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, tbl. III). Best examples are GP 37 Bro Eiriks I, GP 45 Bro Eiriks II, and GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1 (and the Type E stone GP 32 Boge kyrka, which represents a palimpsest). This head shape corresponds to certain Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ. Therefore, Lindqvist (ibid. p. 46) regards the mentioned Type C monuments as a “Hybridgruppe”, probably representing a phase of transition between ʻAbschnittʼ B and C. If this interpretation is correct, those stones could be regarded as the earliest Type C stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or possibly around 700. This dating corresponds to the result of Martin Rundqvist (2012, p. 159), who assigns Hejnum Rings to his typological group tall2, dating to the Late Vendel Period. Imer (2004, p. 104), however, dates the monument to the 9th century, and Varenius (1992, appendix 2), based on his analysis of the ship’s rigging (group IV segelskepp med skotnät), even to the 10th century. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2084", "value_resource_id": 2084, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2084", "display_title": "GP0037", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/49e5d0744d4567eff73da218d9c0b41f3f202a35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0037.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2092", "value_resource_id": 2092, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2092", "display_title": "GP0045", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a7fed3f3c9db0e91e02faae04e0847813ef2afc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0045.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237", "value_resource_id": 2237, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2237", "display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/855ec9431b6c9e9bfbe4f6c67dad7f8bf35813e5.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2079", "value_resource_id": 2079, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2079", "display_title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/654d1307c8195d98c52882ecdf4f2f2a47998687.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0032A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 46, 117, 126, fig. 77; II, p. 72; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 12, 34, 227–228. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:2000" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum 20:9" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hejnum, Rings" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC156" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4717", "value_resource_id": 4717, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4717", "display_title": "3D model for GP0185", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0185_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "139" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1884 i Suderåker tillhörande gården Rings, sydväst om några stengrundshus \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nStor svampformig bildsten (typ C-D) 220 cm hög och 90 cm bred vid nacken. Rester av bilder i två bildfält. I det nedre bildfältet rester av en skeppsbild, med vågor, skepp, rigg och segel. I det övre bildfältet troligen rester av en häst. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 700-1000-talet. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDVCIQqOe8dSJ7dQ37qPbnDAc09vGraQPGP5ECCPpESlyI?e=0Pmkyt" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2237", "o:title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2430", "o:title": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2605", "o:title": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2079", "o:title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4717", "o:title": "3D model for GP0185" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2257", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2257, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cb5d2c8af425bf47098bed0d220392ad0e0bdcce.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T09:58:48+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4242", "o:id": 4242 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4242", "o:id": 4242 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0211" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "A gravel pit on the property of Hunninge farm (?) in Klinte parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte Hunninge" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Påträffades i kanten av en liten grusgrop, (Fyndplatsen uppritad, se originalkatalog C. HNR: 7116), Enligt uppgift av Ture Karlsson. Detta enligt katalog Fornsalen." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 80), the picture stone GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I was “[…] found in the 1860s during the tillage of a field in Hunninge (Lättstain), a farm belonging to Loggarve, where it is supposed to have been lying together with [Klinte Hunninge] II. From there, the stone [no. I] was transferred to the park in Klintebys, where it still stood in July 1941”, while [stone no. II] “[…] was transported to the outer edge of Klinteberget, just northeast of the church, where it remains to this day” (ibid. 81). GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III “[…] was found at the edge of a small gravel pit just southwest of the estate of Arvid Lerberg to the north of the highway Klinte-Visby […] and was donated to [Gotlands Fornsal]” (ibid.). The find year is not given by Lindqvist. Regarding Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), he notes that “[i]n 1934, this picture stone has been for an unknown number of years in the garden of Klintebys, where it leans against the wall of the local park. It appears natural to suppose that this stone came from Hunninge, also, but no details about its origins could be established” (ibid.). Therefore, Lindqvist calls the stone ʻKlinte sockenʼ (parish, Klinte Kirchspiel), while Jan Peder Lamm listed it as ʻKlinte Hunninge IVʼ. Later, the stone was re-erected, several meters in front of the wall, anchored in the ground with small stones and concrete. \n\nAccording to a report by Ture Carlsson and a letter by David Rosvall to the National Antiquarian from 1930 (ATA dnr 4546-30, 4794-30), picture stone no. III was registered by Carlsson in the same year and taken from Lerbergʼs garden (see also Svenska Dagbladet 1930-12-15). Carlsson also notes that no. IV was said to have been discovered ‘one year ago’ at the very same spot. He also mentions that in previous times two more stones (i.e., nos. I and II) had been found at approximately the same place. From there, as Rosvall assumes, they both were transported to a field, afterwards re-used as bridge stones, and a lifetime later placed in Klintebys park. In the 1965 inventory about the monuments in Klinte parish (ATA), it is noted that the stones nos. I, II, and IV probably originated from land owned by Klintebys farm, which, however, was situated in the area of Hunninge gård (farm), where they had been re-used as bridge stones over a ditch, before they were transferred to the park in Klintebys (“Sägas flyttats från Klintebys ägor å Hunninge, där de uppgivas ha legat som brostenar över diken”). In the 1927 inventory of monuments in Klinte parish (Förteckning över Klinte sockens fasta fornlämningar) kept in ATA, I and II are mentioned as still being situated in Klintebys park. \n\nConsequently, the object biography of the four stones is confusing and their original find spots are impossible to determine. Stone no. I was transferred to Gotlands Museum after the publication of Lindqvistʼs book, no. II is still standing on Klinteberget, no. III is kept in the museumʼs storage in Visborg, and no. IV is still standing in Klintebys park. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2256", "value_resource_id": 2256, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2256", "display_title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c485b40065f70540d2e73913c274e8ef5773688c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0210.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents the left part of a mushroom-shaped picture stoneʼs neck and a small part of its head including the headʼs left corner. “Limestone slab, 10–12 cm thick. The obverse is almost flat, it probably is naturally smooth, but weathered. The surviving piece of the left narrow side is 44 cm long and dressed at right angles towards the obverse, with a 2.5 cm wide step between head and body. The reverse is rough. The fragment represents 55 cm of the height and 43 cm of the width of the original stone” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 81). The decoration is distinctly carved “[…] with about 2 mm wide lines with rounded bases and background fields that have been chiselled up to 1 mm deep” (ibid.). It is still very well-preserved. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "55" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "43" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "12" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Above the horizontal border, a row of three raised triangles can be seen as well as on each side of them the hoof of a horse with clearly marked notch [i.e., hair] (representing the horse’s hind legs in the large image of horse and rider). The distance between the hooves’ tips is 18 cm. Below the horizontal border (see IX), one perceives (apart from more raised triangles) part of a ship with a straight sternpost that is abruptly cut off at the lower edge of the sail. The ship has a sail with rhombic pattern (but without surrounding frame) on a wide mast that is supported by a stay attached high up on the stem. This stay reaches the mast at a point just below the sail’s upper edge, while its counterpart to the other stem was attached slightly lower. In the ship’s stern, behind the rudder attached to the starboard, sits a man with clearly recognisable nose, beard, and neck hair, holding a shield. In front of him sits another man above whose head a sword(?) protrudes diagonally backwards. This man, too, has a shield. The shields’ lower edges are at about the same level as the railing. In front of the mast, there probably is the tip of another sword(?), which is pointing diagonally up and back just as the one mentioned before. \n\nThe last-mentioned element, the sword tip in front of the mast, is not at all discernible in the photo of the painted stone published by Lindqvist himself (1941/42 I, fig. 132; cf. ATA run- och bildstenssamling B3:44a [photo by H. Faith-Ell 1937]). In the photos of the unpainted carvings (ibid. fig. 133; cf. ATA 1718:32, 1751:25b) as well as on the original stone surface, it can only be guessed at and remains speculative. The sword rising above the head of the foremost crewman seems like part of the headgear – at least according to the paint (cf. Oehrl 2019a, fn. 2124, considering a horn-like headdress in profile). In fact, however, the “sword” and the figureʼs head appear to be separated from each other. A photo taken in 1930 only incompletely depicts the outlines of the raised elements as well as the carved lines traced with white paint (ATA run- och bildstenssamling, photo belonging to dnr 4546-30). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the eschatological interpretation of the ship motif in the iconography of the Viking Period Gotlandic picture stones see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, i.e., Type C/D according to Lindqvistʼs typology. Those monuments can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and circa 1000. Lindqvist, however, assigns Klinte Hunninge III to his ʻAbschnittʼ D, which he separates from the monuments of ʻAbschnittʼ C (1941/42 I, p. 50). According to Lindqvist, the Type C stones are dating to around AD 700, the small group of Type D monuments, however, to the second half of the 8th century (ibid. p. 121). In the case of Hunninge III, he regards the border decoration as decisive. The horizontal border, representing wing-shaped or tendril-like elements, corresponds, as Lindqvist states (ibid.), to decoration in Salinʼs Style III, indicating a date of origin after AD 750. The unusual pattern of the vertical border is traced back by Lindqvist to ancient Roman conventions, which may have been reintroduced during the Carolingian Renaissance, which means around AD 800 (ibid.). Furthermore, Lindqvist holds the view that the unusual location of the sailing ship in the upper part of the stoneʼs body indicates the influence of the Type C monument GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I on the masonry of Hunninge III that therefore must have been carved later (ibid.). Lindqvistʼs conclusions are considered not convincing. \n\nVarenius (1992) assigns the ship depiction of Hunninge III (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 68: Segelfahrzeuge vom Hunningetypus) to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. According to Imerʼs chronological reassessment of the Gotlandic picture stones of Type C/D, Hunninge III must be dated to circa AD 750–900. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 50, 68, 70, 73, 121, fig. 132–133; II, p. 81; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 227–228, 242, pl. 275c. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinte, Hunninge III" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC7116" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4743", "value_resource_id": 4743, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4743", "display_title": "3D model for GP0211", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0211_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "155" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades före 1930 i kanten av ett grustag norr om vägen Klinte-Visby. Enligt brev från 1930 påträffades GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV på samma plats 1929. Troligen kommer även GP 209-10 Klinte Hunninge I-II från samma område. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en stor svampformig bildsten (period CD), bevarad höjd 55 cm och bredd 43 cm. I ett övre bildfält tre trianglar och i nedre bildfält delar av ett skepp med segel med mast. I aktern sitter en man som håller ett svärd och framför honom ytterligare en sittande man. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2256", "value_resource_id": 2256, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2256", "display_title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c485b40065f70540d2e73913c274e8ef5773688c.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0210.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hoof" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "beard" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "nose" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBIlIPHzfm2SZTOPpv-hAbkARbNnsZIRNtoI_uxvyVOjcA?e=AnSpEe" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2256", "o:title": "GP 210 Klinte Hunninge II (Klinteberget)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2258", "o:title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2216", "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2231", "o:title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2258", "o:title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4743", "o:title": "3D model for GP0211" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2071, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:08+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T09:57:12+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3950", "o:id": 3950 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3950", "o:id": 3950 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2801", "o:id": 2801 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0024" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/bfdf31f2-0958-4e1b-91ad-859233f79875", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural field, 200 (100?) m south of the farmstead Petsarve, Ardre parish (RAÄ Ardre 151:1). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ardre" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ardre Petsarve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Föremålskatalogen: \"Funnen vid plöjning 200 m söder om den nya petsarvegården i Ardre, norr om siffran 8 i 32,8 å generalstabens karta, söder om Ardre kyrka.\"" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Found about 1911 by the farmer Rudolf Strömbäck while ploughing a field about 200 m south of the farmstead to the south of the main road. The stone is said to have been toppled over in a northerly direction and lain with the image of the ship facing downwards” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 26). The distance of 200 m from the road is given in the inventory Fasta fornlämningar in Ardre parish (ATA), however, according to the RAÄ map (Ardre 151:1), it should be 100 m instead. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, at the top 5 cm thick, at the foot 8 cm, at the root 10 cm. […] The narrow sides are divided from the broad sides by chamfers of widely varying width. Height 71 cm, 48 cm of which above the root. The width is 32 cm between the upper corners, 24 cm at the middle of the body, 26 cm at the base” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 26). The monument is completely preserved and undamaged, including its massive root. The most-decorated side (face A) is very flat and even, the also-decorated reverse (face B) quite rough and unsightly. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "55" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "35" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 26) describes the decoration as follows: “On both faces, the decoration is executed with carved lines, 3 to 5 mm wide. On one face [A], the field within the framing border, which features a simplified ʻtwisted cordʼ pattern, is divided in two parts about halfway up the body by a horizontal border, on the other [B], it is quartered by diagonal lines [forming a St. Andrew’s cross]. In the upper field on the former face [A], there is the image of a ship with abruptly rising stems and in the middle the schematized depiction of mast and sail (?).” The carvings are well preserved and discernable on both the photos of the painted and unpainted stone as well as Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1913 (ibid. I, figs. 57–58; fig. 314; cf. ATA 1648:59a–b; B3:48b; B3:48b [H. Faith-Ell 1933 and 1937]). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The St. Andrew’s cross on face B has been regarded as a result of the influence of Continental Christian iconography. A diagonal cross decoration reminiscent of Christian symbolism is also depicted on GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2 and in particular GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes – see the pertinent article for more detailed information and interpretation. Christian influence on Type B picture stones is also discussed in the cases of deer depictions (for more details see GP 551 Väskinde Butter) and the aquatic bird motif (for more details see GP 276 När Rikvide I). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159", "value_resource_id": 2159, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2159", "display_title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex (in this case almost ogival) head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. Good parallels to GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II, regarding shape and decoration, are GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes and GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2154", "value_resource_id": 2154, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2154", "display_title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dafddc6893e5d1bee01a9409aeb5b1454e6cba.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0107.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66; figs. 57–58; II, p. 26, fig. 314; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, fig. 18; Guber 2011, p. 111 cat. no. 4; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:5085" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ardre 151:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ardre, Petsarve II" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC1878" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4558", "value_resource_id": 4558, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4558", "display_title": "3D model for GP0024", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0024_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "18" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hemse Group (40%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades omkring år 1911 vid plöjning av en åker cirka 100 till 200 m söder om gården, söder om en större väg. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, bildstenshallen \n\nBeskrivning \nEn helt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 71 cm hög, varav 48 cm över roten. Bredden 32 cm i den övre delen, 24 cm i mitten och 26 cm vid basen. Bilder finns på båda sidor av stenen. På den ena sidan ett skepp och en schematisk framställning av en mast och ett segel. På den andra sidan ett Andreaskors. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-800-talen. \n\nTolkning \nAndreaskorset kan vara en influens från en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "cross" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6365669" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "722489" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAj10DupGepQLmpAf6KoTT6AV3SrXJrRYyU6q--nQfgNdQ?e=S49a3X" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2154", "o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2154", "o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159", "o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2620", "o:title": "GP 577 Anga Änggårda" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159", "o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2411", "o:title": "GP 366 Stenkyrka kyrka VI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067", "o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064", "o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4558", "o:title": "3D model for GP0024" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/48", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 48, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071", "o:id": 2071 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.37933371586782, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.701306442536747, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2319, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": null, "medium": null, "square": null }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T11:04:40+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": null, "o:media": [], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0273" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/9e143d97-8a40-4c9d-a808-b22b91012df6", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Incorporated into a stone enclosure (vast) on the property of the farm ʻBjärs (Bjers) gårdʼ in Norrlanda parish (RAÄ Norrlanda 117:1). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda Bjers" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen på Lillänge sydväst om gården vid uppodling av änget 1935." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The open-air museum ʻNorrlanda fornstugaʼ in Burs, Norrlanda parish. " } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Other" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Ute" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda fornstuga inventarienummer 96." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "“This picture stone was found in 1935 by the primary school teacher Emil Norrby while cultivating a meadow on the piece of land called ‘Lilläng’, which belongs to Bjärs farm, several stone’s throws [i.e., circa 150 m] southwest of the farmstead, in a row of grass-covered boulders and unhewn stones that once formed an enclosure” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 105). Norrby removed the stone from the stone enclosure (vast) and donated it to the recently established small open-air museum ʻNorrlanda fornstugaʼ in Burs, which is situated about 1.3 km northwest of the find spot. The stone is still on exhibition there and kept indoors. All information about the discovery, restoration, and destination of the picture stone are documented by letters kept in ATA (dnr 3303–3305/35; 2160/37; 3668/37). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "When it was discovered, the stone was broken into three pieces – the upper piece represented the stone’s head as well as parts of its neck and upper body, the middle fragment represented the monument’s lower image field, and the lower piece the base as well as the massive foot-like root. One piece, broken off the stone’s upper right edge, including the right corner of the head, is lost. Another small piece is broken off the stone’s left edge. The three fragments were assembled in the open-air museum in 1937 by drilling holes into the stones and connecting them with iron rods and concrete. The broken part at the left edge of the head was reconstructed. A photo of the reconstructed and painted stone is provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 469; cf. ATA 1820:19), and a photo of the reconstructed but unpainted monument, on which both breaks are visible, is kept in ATA. \n\nLindqvist describes the stone as follows: “Limestone slab, about 5 cm thick above the root. The root itself is up to 10 cm thick. The decorated face is hewn above the root. This also applies to the narrow sides across their width of 4 cm. The narrow sides are divided from the decorated broad side by a chamfer. The reverse is rough and uneven. The stone’s total height is 115 cm, between the top and the lower edge of the decoration, it is 81 cm. At the base (at the bottommost part of the decoration), the stone is 42.5 cm wide, half-way up (or as far upwards as possible now for an exact measurement), the stone has a width of 42.5 cm. Between the corners (according to the reconstruction) and on a level with the ship’s hull, the width is 51.5 cm” (1941/42 II, p. 105). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "115" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "51" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone was painted by M. Stenberger in 1937. The stone is framed by a border with a geometrical pattern, namely a more sophisticated and elaborate version of the geometricized twisted cord pattern that is typical for middle-type picture stones. The decorated surface is divided by a wide horizontal border, which features a geometric step pattern, as well. In the upper field, a simple ship image can be seen, with towering stems that sharply bend inwards, a mast, and a small rectangular sail. The lower image field is filled by a rhombic grid pattern. There is a group of middle-type picture stones that depict a similar rhombic-pattern (see IX), which have been proposed to represent (symbolise) a ship’s sail, which is not entirely convincing (Guber 2011, p. 67). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Norrlanda Bjärs to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. The monuments of the Stenstugruppe are frequently decorated on both sides, unlike Norrlanda Bjärs. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. \n\nThe rhombic pattern in the lower field is similar to GP 193 Hellvi Ire III; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide; and GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds. The best parallel to the Norrlanda stone’s elaborate version of the geometricized interlace pattern is GP 142 Halla Broa VII. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, p. 58, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Norrlanda Bjärs to his group II (skepp med enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239", "value_resource_id": 2239, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2239", "display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385", "value_resource_id": 2385, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2385", "display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399", "value_resource_id": 2399, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2399", "display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139", "value_resource_id": 2139, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2139", "display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 66, 116; II, p. 105, fig. 469; Guber 2011, p. 137 cat. no. 56. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:8722" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda 117:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda, Bjärs" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4804", "value_resource_id": 4804, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4804", "display_title": "3D model for GP0273", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0273_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "197" } ], "ai2:otherID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 333, "property_label": "Other ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Norrlanda Fornstuga no. 96" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1935 i en övergiven stengärdesgård vid uppodling av Lilläng tillhörande gården Bjärs. Upphittaren donerade bildstenen till Norrlanda fornstuga. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nNorrlanda fornstuga i Burs i Norrlanda församling. Bildstenen var bruten i tre delar, men samlades till en sten på Norrlanda fornstuga 1937. \n\nBeskrivning \nLiten bildsten (period B) bruten i tre delar, som samlades 1937. Längd 115 cm, största bredd 51,5 cm. Bildstenen omfattar två bildfält, det övre ett skepp, med mast och litet segel, det nedre ett rombiskt nätmönster. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6381141" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "721623" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6381957" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "720091" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDbKoa_7ZtkSI_8dDjd0QlgAWydHQN9xcfkLkZ14KOamtg?e=81IuLK" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2621", "o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2139", "o:title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323", "o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2337", "o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2399", "o:title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239", "o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295", "o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4804", "o:title": "3D model for GP0273" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/213", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 213, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319", "o:id": 2319 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.51844949277758, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.700934242854032, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2337", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2337, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ddc8634baa92b320354fa1dbdf598a4350b0314f.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T11:25:32+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4304", "o:id": 4304 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4304", "o:id": 4304 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0291" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unknown" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents most of the head of a small picture stone with slightly convex upper edge, including its left protruding corner. The limestone slab is 37 wide, 22 high, and 4 thick. The carvings are quite deep and well-preserved, no traces of weathering. The preserved upper edge is damaged, a small piece broken off. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "24" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone is decorated on both sides. It is framed by a border with a geometrical pattern, namely a more sophisticated and elaborate version of the geometricized twisted cord pattern that is typical for middle-type picture stones. The remaining part of the upper image field preserves about the left half of a simple ship with towering stems that sharply bend inwards, a simple linear mast, and a small square sail. A small triangle or spike rising from the gunwale appears to represent a crewmember. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. As far as can be assumed, the small fragment originates from a Type B stone featuring a slightly convex head with corners protruding horizontally. The best parallels to the stone’s elaborate version of the geometricized interlace pattern are GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs and GP 142 Halla Broa VII. The Norrlanda stone, which belongs to Lindqvist’s Stenstugruppe, features a similar ship depiction in the head section, with similarly inward-angled stems and a square sail. The monuments of the Stenstugruppe are frequently decorated on both sides; Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The depiction of stylized crewmembers (see VI) is an unusual feature among the middle-type picture stones, cf. GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319", "value_resource_id": 2319, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2319", "display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2262", "value_resource_id": 2262, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2262", "display_title": "GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f956193a42eb52109d92bf802911eb716cbc5105.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0216.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Guber 2011, p. 159 cat. no. 100. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC11045" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4822", "value_resource_id": 4822, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4822", "display_title": "3D model for GP0291", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0291_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "367" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats\nOkänd\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt.\n\nBeskrivning\nFragment av dvärgsten (period B), 22 cm hög och 37 cm bred. Kantdekor och delar av ett skepp med mast och litet segel samt en liten tiangel.\n\nDatering\nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nIngen tolkning.\n\nAA" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgACubTOtZMVQJT4_tSSyuYFAQgZvvG4MTlLHtBGaLKgAq4?e=rvlyaj" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4822", "o:title": "3D model for GP0291" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2384, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:15+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:00:40+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3959", "o:id": 3959 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3959", "o:id": 3959 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3177", "o:id": 3177 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0339" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "St. Valle, Rute parish, in a medieval house foundation (RAÄ Rute 23:2). " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Medieval Construction" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Rute" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Rute Stora Valle" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Funnen i källargången enligt föremålskatalogen GF!" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in 1940 during excavations performed at a medieval house foundation called Munkkällaren (monk’s cellar) in St. Valle, Rute parish, near Valleviken in the North of Gotland (RAÄ Rute 23). However, it is not discussed in Lindqvist 1941/42 and it is not clearly registered in Lamm/Nylén 2003. The stone was “funnen i källargången” (found in the cellar passage). Apparently, it was re-used as building material in the medieval house. In addition, a complete type C stone (ca 1.90 m high) without any remains of carved pictures was found then, lying in front of the entrance to the house. This complete stone (GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1) was re-erected at the find spot and still stands there today. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2382", "value_resource_id": 2382, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2382", "display_title": "GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6415fa210aa9f136b71036b4d464c24ed01664fe.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Rute_sn_St_Valle_koncnr_529-41_Gunnar_Svahnström_1941.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Small piece of a 0.10 m thick stone slab, about 0.36 m wide and 0.29 m high. Made of relatively homogeneous limestone without bigger inclusions. The fragment represents a slab’s lower right part, approximately 15% of a relatively small monument (so called dwarf stone?). It has a distinct and well-preserved bas-relief, about 1–2 mm deep. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "33" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "37" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The relief features remain of an unusual rhombus-patterned border at its right side and the stern of a small ship at the left side. The ship’s hull has an almost rectangular shape. Only one man of the crew, looking to the left, can be seen. The lower part of the mast and the rudder are preserved. At the bottom right of the ship, between ship and border, approximately in the lower centre of the fragment, a stylized wave is depicted. A horned man appears to hover behind the stern of the ship, just above the wave. The figure can be seen in frontal view, with legs and arms slightly stretched sideways. Presumably, the man with huge horned headgear is touching the stern with his hand. Possibly, there are remains of a spear which the horned man is throwing into the ship. However, this detail remains unclear. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The horned man is a rare feature in the iconography of the Gotland picture stones. Possibly, there are two more stones depicting this motif, on GP 103 Garda Smiss II and GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. On the Rute fragment, he hovers behind the stern of a ship, on the waves of the sea, similar to the horned eidolon-figure (Greek spirit-image) who on the Vendel period helmet plates assists the equestrian in throwing his spear, as a kind of divine helper in battle, inspired by Roman depictions of the numen victoriae (Hauck 1981). \n\nThe motif on the Vendel plates can be connected to Old Norse written sources (Beck 1964, pp. 31–45) like the Skaldic poem Gráfeldardrápa (stanza 12) written by Glúmr Geirason (after 974), which conveys that the gods guide or steer (stýra) the heroes on the battle field (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, p. 78; B I, p. 68; Whaley 2012, p. 262). In the Eddic poem Hlǫðskviða stanza 28 (probably 9th century) the King of the Goths invokes Óðinn, god of war and father of the fallen, to steer his throwing spear (láti svá Óðinn flein fliúga – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 309). That the Vendel and Viking period depictions of horned warriors (the corpus is gathered by Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 140–146) can actually represent the god Wodan/Óðinn (detailed, with literature and sources: Oehrl 2017; Oehrl 2019, pp. 233–242) seems to be shown by the fact that some of them are one-eyed, like the so-called weapon dancer on one of the Torslunda models (Arrhenius/Freij 1992, p. 76, fig. 6; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 168). Óðinn is described as one-eyed in Skaldic and Eddic poetry since the 10th century. The horned and one-eyed figure from Torslunda is accompanied by a warrior with a wolf-like animal mask, reminiscent of the úlfheðnar – animal warriors mentioned in early Skaldic poetry who, according to Snorri Sturlusson’s Ynglinga saga (cap. 6 – Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson 1941, p. 17) are closely linked to the god Óðinn (Samson 2011; 2020). \n\nWith this background, it seems likely that the hovering horned figure behind the ship on the Rute fragment also represents a deity, probably the god Wodan/Óðinn. As on the helmet plates he could be regarded as a divine helper, accompanying and protecting the crew, like a kind of helping spirit. Alternatively, the god of the fallen heroes could in this case be considered as a psychopomp guiding the ship of the dead and escorting the deceased through their afterlife journey. According to Finngálkn í Jómsborg (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, pp. 186–187; B I, p. 176) and Grímnismál stanza. 8 (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, 58–59), Óðinn is choosing the fallen. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Presumably, the fragment belongs to a small C/D stone; however, it is not possible to determine its type with certainty. The stone’s shape is lost; small ships with only a few crew members and those with an almost rectangular hull occur on B and C/D stones as well, and the rhombus pattern of the border is very unusual; a parallel could be GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I. However, in this case the rhombus pattern is much coarser. The motif of a man with horned headgear is preserved on different objects dating to the 6th through 10th centuries. Concerning the dating of the Rute fragment, it can only be stated that the stone must have been carved during the 8th to 10th centuries. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Unclear" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2016b; Oehrl 2017a; Oehrl 2017b, 108–110, fig. 12; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 227–245, pls. 275a, 276a–283b, 287a–b; Oehrl 2019b, pp. 143–144, fig. 2. " } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC9212_20" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4870", "value_resource_id": 4870, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4870", "display_title": "3D model for GP0339", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "366" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "coarse reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (80%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nHittad 1940 i en medeltida husgrund kallad Munkkällaren i Stora Valle, Rute socken. Funnen i källargången. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nLitet fragment (ca. 36 cm x 29.5 cm), ornerat med figurer och bård i tunn relief. Bakre delen av ett skepp med enstaka besättningsmedlem. Där bakom en svävande behornad mansfigur. Utmed kanten en bård med rombmönster. \n\nDatering \nKan inte anges med säkerhet; 700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nMansfigurer med horn respektive hornhjälm förekommer ofta i vikingatidens och vendeltidens konst. Motiven brukar tolkas som guden Oden. I fornnordisk litteratur bestämmer Oden vilka krigare som skall komma till Valhall. På den här stenen eskorterar han kanske fallna krigare på dödsskeppet på vägen till dödsriket. Två ytterligare behornade figurer är troligen avbildade på GP 103 Garda Smiss II och GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. \n\nSO " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2157", "value_resource_id": 2157, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2157", "display_title": "GP0110", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e54dae2855d87c57f67fb4d382e3dcaf6d45ac21.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0110.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horn" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCd-1X3p8KjQ6Yw9sjv5ORpARhmqn0KTznTVi8Q0aG9uXs?e=pzmgPd" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2382", "o:title": "GP 337 Rute St. Valle 1" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081", "o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2473", "o:title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2231", "o:title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081", "o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4870", "o:title": "3D model for GP0339" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2081", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2081, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1d99613c087fb6dce266610f1c529e77300c50a5.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1d99613c087fb6dce266610f1c529e77300c50a5.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d99613c087fb6dce266610f1c529e77300c50a5.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:08+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T10:38:28+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4138", "o:id": 4138 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4138", "o:id": 4138 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2864", "o:id": 2864 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2865", "o:id": 2865 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2866", "o:id": 2866 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0034" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/e25703a1-9b4d-4e95-bdfd-56afd9eae159", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Cemetery at Boge Laxarve (RAÄ Boge 9:2), burial 16." } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Boge" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Boge Laxarve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grav 16 på gravfältet (GA 1962:19. Bild 10)" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Viking Museum, Stockholm.\n" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Other" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Viking Museum Sthlm" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was discovered in 1956 in the small cemetery of Boge Laxarve near Gotland’s north-east coast, about 2.5 km south-west of Slite (for the archaeological context, see Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 I, p. 14; IV, p. 65). The investigation of the largely destroyed cemetery, directed by Greta Arwidsson, was carried out in 1948, 1949/1950, and 1955/1956. Overall, the area covers about 70 x 30 m and contains about 15 burial mounds and several stone settings. The stone was found in the undisturbed inhumation grave no. 16, which was dated to the early 11th century. The woman buried here had been laid to rest in a cist and equipped with the following grave-goods: an animal-head brooch dating to the early 10th century (an heirloom), three beads, a knife, two combs, two keys, a needle case with a needle, a jewellery chain, and some nails and iron rods. The picture stone fragment was used as part of a stone layer covering the cist (Rundkvist 2012, pp. 151–152). Within this stone packing, about ten smaller stone fragments were found that might have been part of the original monument as well. On inspection, however, no clear traces of work were found, and as their whereabouts today are unknown, this notion remains speculative. The discovery of the picture stone was published in 1962 by Sune Lindqvist in an article in “Gotländskt Arkiv”, which included a photograph in which the stone’s imagery was traced in paint (Lindqvist 1962, fig. 10; cf. Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 55). Lindqvist provided no further information. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment is limestone and approximately triangular, not exceeding 52 cm in height and 54 cm in width. It is broken on all sides so that there is no trace of the former outer edges to indicate the stone’s original contours. The material appears to be quite homogenous, with very few obstructive structures, such as small, cup-like hollows or spalling and ridges. The imagery, executed in bas-relief, is quite distinct, as outer contours of the figures are largely defined by clear and deep-cut lines. Moreover, the artist carved the background planes meticulously so that it appears as a rough, evenly grooved structure that is easily distinguishable from the raised fields (1 mm max.). There are virtually no indications of weathering on the even surface. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "55" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "67" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1962, fig. 10) offers a – very small – photograph showing the limestone slab after the background planes had been coloured in. (For a larger reproduction of the same original photograph, see Oehrl 2019a, pl. 307a). Lindqvist’s description also is very brief: “Of the two warriors, who are observed in front of the mast, are seen their shoulders and arms. Each holds a sword in his right, a shot in the left hand. In front of them, a square ’open-work’ plate, whose meaning I don’t know” (Lindqvist 1962, p. 19). Above the two warriors, there is an elongated, shapeless area, which may be interpreted as rigging or ropes, but more likely it is a larger object that hovers over the crew. \n\nIn the narrow field to the right of the mast, another faint figure can be made out. A larger image of the picture stone fragment provided by Lamm and Nylén features only the two warriors on board the ship, not the unclear figures to either side of the pair (2003, p. 55). Drawing on RTI images and 3D models, Oehrl thoroughly examined the stone and compared its images with those indicated by Lindqvist’s colouring, yielding the following results (2019a, pp. 257–259; pls. 308a–314b, 315d). Mast, yardarm, and the sail with its rhombic pattern – with alternately raised and sunken fields – are carved most carefully and are easily recognisable. To a large degree, the warrior figures on board of the ship can also be verified, according to Oehrl. The shape above them, however, remains dubious. Judging from the published photographs of the fragment, it is possible that the shape represents the vague remains of the ship’s rigging leading down to the sheet ropes in the men’s hands. The entire section above the two crew members with their swords, however, is covered with a regular pattern of the parallel grooves produced by the mason’s tools that chiselled the sunken surface of the background (ibid. pls. 313c–314), which speaks against the presence of figures or motifs in relief here. Similarly, the ropes that the warriors would hold in their hands cannot be confirmed; instead, the right warrior appears to be equipped with two swords. \n\nOf particular interest is the field close to the right edge, to the right of the mast. In it, Oehrl was able to prove the presence of the figure of a woman, looking left, with clearly defined and pointed feet, a long dress, and an ample bust (ibid. pls. 310a–314b). The woman’s head is difficult to discern and has no indication of hair. Other elements under the figure indicated by Lindqvist’s picture cannot be verified, as that entire area is covered by chisel marks. The woman does not touch the ship but appears to hover over its deck or rails. \n\nThe rectangular object with vertical stripes at the ship’s bow can be confirmed, according to Oehrl, and identified as a stringed instrument, namely a lyre, as it also can be seen on the picture stone from GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde (more comprehensively, also regarding its symbolic meaning: Oehrl 2019a, pp. 259–262). Archaeological evidence for lyres of this sort is known from the 2nd to the 8th/9th centuries and has been found particularly in England, Germany, and the Netherlands (Bruce-Mitford 1983, pp. 611–727; Betz/Wanzeck 1999; Kolltveit 2000; Bischop 2002; Koch 2004). Most prominent are, for example, the complete instruments from the Alemannic row grave fields of Oberflacht (6th and first quarter of the 7th c.) (Paulsen 1992, pp. 147–155; figs. 126–127) and Trossingen (burial dated to AD 580) (Theune-Großkopf 2002; 2005; 2006; 2010), from a Frankish burial of high status underneath St. Severin in Cologne (early 8th c.) (Päffgen 1992 I, pp. 481–485; figs. 169–170; II, pp. 280–284; III, pl. 59:5), as well as the Anglo-Saxon royal burial at Sutton Hoo (7th c. [AD 624/625?]) (Bruce-Mitford 1970; 1983, pp. 611–727). There also are lyres or their components from the North (Bischop 2002): a bridge of a lyre was found at Birka (9th c.) (Salmen 1970, p. 8, fig. 1:3), a lyre yoke in Hedeby (11th c.) (Lawson 1984), and two fragments of bridges at Wurt Elisenhof near Tönning (8th c.) (Salmen 1970, pp. 7–8; fig. 1:4; pl. 3,1–2). From Gotland, two examples are known: an amber bridge from the ‘chief’s grave’ at Broa in Halla parish (8th c.) (Reimers 1980) and a bronze bridge from Gerete, Fardhem parish (Vedin 2007). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2294", "value_resource_id": 2294, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2294", "display_title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0248.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "A woman on board a sailing ship is unique in the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones. There may be literary and archaeological evidence indicating fighting (Gardeła 2018) and seafaring (Jesch 2001) women during the Viking Age, but the female figure of Boge Laxarve 2 stands out particularly from the other crew members: while the armed men are standing or sitting on the ship’s deck, the woman is hovering over the rails without touching the ship with her feet. This method of presentation appears to put her in the realm of the supernatural and is reminiscent of the divine ship guide with horned headgear on GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2 hovering behind the ship’s stem. This probably is the god Óðinn, who either is consecrating the ship’s crewmen to death and accompanying them to the realm of the dead or, as a “Sieghelfer” (ʻvictory helperʼ), rendering supernatural assistance in battle (Oehrl 2016b; 2017a; 2019a, pp. 240–242). \n\nAgainst this background, it is plausible to regard the woman hovering over the ship of Boge Laxarve 2 as a valkyrie, who, on behalf of the god Óðinn, chooses the slain and escorts the ship of the defeated and its crew to Valhǫll (Oehrl 2019a, p. 262). This role of the valkyries is suggested by their name (valkyrja ‘choosers of the fallen’ [valr ‘the fallen on the battlefield’, kjósa ‘choose, select’]) (recently and comprehensively: Zimmermann 2012; Egeler 2011). The role is well documented in skaldic and eddic poetry as well as in Snorri’s Gylfaginning (36, Faulkes 2005, p. 30) and mentioned, for example, in the Hákonarmál by the skald Eyvindr skáldaspillir as early as 960/961 (stanza 1, Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, p. 64; B I, 57; Whaley 2012, p. 174). Also in Darraðarljóð, probably composed soon after 1014 (or in the early 10th century? Poole 1991, pp. 120–125), the valkyries decide who is going to die in battle (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, pp. 419–421; B I, pp. 389–391). \n\nIf in fact the woman on the picture stone depicts a valkyrie, she could also be understood as a supporter of the crew (Oehrl 2019a, p. 263), as the valkyries, just like Óðinn, can act as battle helpers (Price 2002, 346–350). Helgakviða Hiǫrvarðzsonar (HHv, prose after stanza 9), for example, explicitly mentions that the valkyrie Sváva frequently protected Helgi in battle (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 143) Helgakviða Hundingsbana in fyrri (HH I, stanzas 54–55) tells the story of valkyries descending from the sky to protect Helgi and bring him victory (ibid. pp. 138–139). In Helgakviða Hundingsbana ǫnnor (HH II, stanzas 11–12), Helgi asks Sigrún how she could know details of his military exploits, and the valkyrie answers that she was not far away during battle (Varca ec fiarri, ibid. p. 152). Regarding the picture stone, stanza 30 of Helgakviða Hundingsbana in fyrri might be of particular interest, as here the valkyrie provides protection for Helgi’s ships and crew: Helgi’s fleet gets caught in a life-threatening thunderstorm, but thanks to supernatural help, the men survive. Sigrún, it is said, protected Helgi’s men and the ships ‘from above’ (ofan, ibid. p. 134). Accordingly, the woman above the ship from Boge Laxarve 2 might be interpreted as a valkyrie who is present during a sea battle to protect the ship’s crew, as described in the lays of Helgi of the Codex Regius. The date of the lays remains controversial and varies between the 11th century and about 1250 (von See et al. 2004). \n\nApart from the valkyries, other supernatural battle helpers can be considered for the interpretation of Boge Laxarve 2 (Oehrl 2019a, p. 264), such as the fylgjur. These spirit-like beings frequently appear both in the form of women and in combat contexts (Heide 2016). Also, the Norwegian local deity Þorgerðr Hǫlgabrúðr, who was venerated in the 10th century in Hálogaland and was the patron goddess of Hákon, earl of Lade (Storm 1885; Chadwick 1950; de Vries 1956–1957, pp. 340–342; Halvorsen 1976, Motz 1993; McKinnell 2002; Steinsland 2011, pp. 53–55), has some characteristics resembling those of valkyries, and in Jómsvíkinga saga, she appears on a warship (Blake 1964, p. 37). During a battle fought on board ships, she joins the Earl’s men, conjures a terrible storm, and from her fingers hurls deadly magic arrows against the enemy. The supernatural storm is directed against the hostile Jómsvikings and makes their projectiles turn back against themselves. Only those men who have the second sight (ófreskir menn) are able to see the apparition of the woman. Her intervention on the ship secures the Earl’s victory. It is quite possible that this motif traces back to old oral traditions (Halvorsen 1976, col. 383). Similar ideas and narratives could have been known on Gotland as well. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The ship with its checkered sail and armed crew is typical for picture stones of Type C. The way both the male crew members and the female figure are shown in profile, however, is reminiscent of stylistic characteristics of Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ D and his ʻTjängvide-Gruppe.ʼ Lindqvist dated the Type C stones to about 700 or the early 8th century, but he considered the small group of Type D stones as slightly later, from the second half of the 8th century. This view is now regarded as obsolete. According to Eshleman (1983), stones of Type C were strongly influenced by the art of the Carolingian Renaissance and therefore should instead be dated to the period between AD 790 and 840. Archaeological excavations at Type C picture stones still in situ suggest a date about the year 800. Some runic inscriptions on picture stones of Type C have been dated to between AD 850 and 900 (Snædal 2002, pp. 48–53, 63–64; Gustavson 2012, p. 112 with references), and the runes on GP 244 Lokrume kyrka [C] probably belong to the second half of the 10th century (Källström 2012, p. 127), while those on GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I [D] are likely to date from the latter half of the 10th century or even circa 1000. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290", "value_resource_id": 2290, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2290", "display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1962, pp. 19–20, fig. 10; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 55; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 151–152; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 256–264, pls. 307a–314b, 315d. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1977:3509 " } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Boge 9:2" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "C10188:14" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4568", "value_resource_id": 4568, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4568", "display_title": "3D model for GP0034", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0034_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "25" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "fine reef debris limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Slite Group (100%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nFragmentet hittades 1956 på det vikingatida gravfältet i Laxarve, Boge socken. Stenen var återanvänd som en del av en gravanläggning, en kvinnograv som daterats till tidigt 1000-tal. Möjligen fanns det några fler små bildstensfragment i graven, men det kan numera inte påvisas. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragmentet har troligen tillhört den nedre delen av en svampformad bildsten. Det nästan trekantiga fragmentet är max 0.52 m högt och max 0.54 m brett. Det finns brottkanter runt om hela fragmentet, den ursprungliga randkonturen är inte bevarad. \n\nPlanreliefen på den här stenen är jämförelsevis tydlig och välbevarad. Man kan se rester av ett typiskt stort skepp med rutigt segel. Två skäggiga krigare med svärd och sköld sitter ombord och en kvinna i klänning svävar ovanför däcket utan att beröra skeppet. I skeppets bog befinner sig antagligen en lyra, ett tidigmedeltida stränginstrument som är välkänt från arkeologiska fynd, särskilt från alemanniska, frankiska och anglosaxiska fyndplatser i Tyskland och England. Fragment av sådana musikinstrument har även hittats i det vikingatida Norden, till exempel i Birka, Hedeby och även på Gotland – Broa i Halla socken och Gerete i Fardhem socken. Ytterligare en lyra finns framställd på bildstenen GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde. \n\nDatering \n700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nEftersom kvinnan verkar sväva ovanför skeppet kan hon tolkas som en övernaturlig varelse. Kanske representerar hon en valkyria eller en gudinna som leder skeppets besättning till dödsriket eller stödjer och bistår dem i slaget. En liknande funktion har den svävande behornade mansfiguren på stenen GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2, som kan tolkas som guden Oden. \n\nSO" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2294", "value_resource_id": 2294, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2294", "display_title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0248.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "human figure" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "headgear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valkyrie" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "warrior" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "lyre" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6402015" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "723393" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCSGePa85mqRrV4kbDVnk5qAbRX06KhdTXv7XO1RRz2v_4?e=HUEmso" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2079", "o:title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2294", "o:title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4568", "o:title": "3D model for GP0034" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/58", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 58, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2081", "o:id": 2081 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.70468375876496, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.74966439747834, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2396", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2396, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 351 Silte stenbro (I)", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/fca19941e6bb668f519a1df44914f84b649e4fe6.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/fca19941e6bb668f519a1df44914f84b649e4fe6.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/fca19941e6bb668f519a1df44914f84b649e4fe6.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:10:04+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3964", "o:id": 3964 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3964", "o:id": 3964 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 351 Silte stenbro (I)" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0351" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/6f166c91-0361-4691-9c92-032ea69662ef", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Incorporated into the foundation of the bridge north-west of ʻStenbro gårdʼ in Silte parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bridge" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Silte" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Silte Stenbro" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfanns som byggnadsmaterial i det norra brofästet, hittades år 1885" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Silte" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Re-erected north of the current bridge, at the western edge of the north-south road between Hablingbo and Sproge. " } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Landscape" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Väster om landsvägen norr om bron." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone was found in 1885, re-used as building material in the northern foundation of a bridge circa 200 m north of Rikvide, north-west of ʻStenbro gårdʼ. Right after its discovery, it was re-erected north of the bridge, directly west of the old north-south road that crosses the stream. It stood at this location until 1938, when the road was repaired and its course moved a little eastwards. For this reason, the picture stone was moved about 6 m to the east, so that it was placed directly at the western edge of the road again (ATA dnr 4029/37, 4111/37, 3482/38). It is still located there, facing the road. Photos of the monument shortly before and after the relocation in 1938 are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 1839:3–4)." } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 20 cm thick. The obverse is quite smooth, the narrow sides are hewn at right angles to it and rounded towards the back. This latter is rough and unworked. Total height 172 cm, width of the head 82 cm, of the neck 76 cm, of the base 90 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 111). As the slab is re-erected and its root anchored in the ground, only 115 m of the stone are visible. Already the earliest photo of the stone taken in 1922 depicts it re-erected, heavily overgrown with lichens and completely white in the lower third of the visible surface (plaster?), apparently due to repair measures (ATA 539:36a; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 482). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "172" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "90" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "20" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "In his tabular overview of the Type-C stones, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) subsumes Silte Stenbro (I) under the heading “Erblindete Steine” (ʻblinded stonesʼ, which means ʻstones with obliterated surfaceʼ). In his description, however, he notes that “the decoration is executed with lines and sunken background fields. Only few clear remains of the decoration, however, have survived. In 1932, I believed to be able to discern on the body the inner frame of about 9 cm wide borders. Between these, there seemed to be the image of a sail, the upper edge of which runs 8 cm below the line between the corners of the stone’s head; the lower edge is 31 cm further down. The sail appeared to be chequered, with every other of the fields sunken. In the middle of the sail, the mast showed through. From the sail’s lower edge, a stay seemed to run diagonally downwards to the railing, meeting it at the place where the blunt stem begins to rise up” (ibid. II, p. 111). The 1978 inventory also notes that, when using sidelight, flat carvings are discernible. An attached sketch depicts parts of the inner frame of the border at the stones left edge. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, which means Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” C/D or E (1941/42 I, p. 44). As no decoration is preserved on the monument, it can only be roughly dated between the 8th century and around AD 1100. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 111, fig. 482. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:5973" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Silte 1:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Silte, Stenbro" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4882", "value_resource_id": 4882, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4882", "display_title": "3D model for GP0351", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0351_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "219" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1885 såsom byggnadsmaterial i det norra fundamentet till en bro, cirka m norr om gården Rikvide och nordväst om gården Stenbro. Efter upptäckten restes bildstenen väster om vägen vid bron. När vägen 1938 flyttades åt öster flyttades också bildstenen 6 m åt öster till den västra sidan av vägen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nPå samma plats som 1938, det vill säga norr om bron på västra sidan av vägen mellan Hablingbo och Sproge. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn stor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 172 cm hög och som bredast 90 cm. Nu en ”blind” sten, men tidigare spår av ett segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6347846" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "693819" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6347846" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "693819" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDt0FuHUoAGRJ7pffAIMb8iAXssArV-071MRS6kaVLJgQc?e=O8dveT" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4882", "o:title": "3D model for GP0351" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/235", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 235, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2396", "o:id": 2396 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.23258641284107, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.2112997361221, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2408", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2408, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 363 Stenkumla Forsa I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/f3be43960ce9640747fa7bff40e30e42d5c636b0.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/f3be43960ce9640747fa7bff40e30e42d5c636b0.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f3be43960ce9640747fa7bff40e30e42d5c636b0.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:17:04+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3968", "o:id": 3968 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3968", "o:id": 3968 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 363 Stenkumla Forsa I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0363" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/95a08508-dabd-4fc0-bcad-f1d7b4748614", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Re-used as bridge over a creek close to the farmstead ʻForsa gårdʼ (also spelled ʻForsʼ) in Stenkumla parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bridge" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkumla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkumla Forsa" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfanns som bro över bäck. 30m SO om nuvarande placering." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkumla" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Re-erected about 100 m north-east of the farmstead." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Private Property" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Står 100m NO om bostadshuset." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Based on the reports kept in ATA (dnr 2623/26; 4782/26; 1035/27), Lindqvist summarizes as follows (1941/42 II, p. 114): “This stone first became known in 1918. At that time, it was serving, with the obverse facing downwards, as a bridge across a stream 30 m south of the place where in 1926 it was erected, at the behest of the National Antiquarian, with the obverse facing west, 100 m northeast of the residential house.” Stenkumla Forsa I was erected circa 40 m away from the creek, about 150 m north-northwest of GP 364 Stenkumla Forsa II, which was placed on a grave field after its discovery. Both stones have been erected in 1926 on behalf of Ture Carlsson. A photo taken by J. Nihlén in 1925 depicts the slab in its former function as bridge (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 734:24; dnr 2623/26). \n\nLindqvist assumes that GP 363 Stenkumla Forsa I and GP 364 Stenkumla Forsa II originally belonged together, forming one monument, and commissioned by one and the same person (ibid. I, p. 53). Of course, this assumption cannot be verified. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2409", "value_resource_id": 2409, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2409", "display_title": "GP 364 Stenkumla Forsa II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9da43ff98540dc00a7b5710c58577222721c4cc1.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0364.JPG", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The picture stone is made of grey limestone; it is undamaged and its mushroom shape is perfectly preserved. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 114) describes it as follows: “Limestone slab, 25 cm thick. Both broad sides are even. The narrow sides are rounded, commonly towards the reverse. The slab’s total height it 3 m, of which 2.5 m are visible above ground today. The height of the head is 90 cm, its width is 130 cm, the width of the neck is 120 cm, and that of the base 156 cm.” The stone is still standing at the place where it was re-erected in 1926, solidly anchored in the ground with cement. In 2006, conversation measures were taken by the foundation Byggnadshyttan på Gotland (report no. 431-171-06, written by R. Kettunen, kept in ATA Go Stenkumla sn: Socken). The stone had been almost completely overgrown with lichens and parts of the surface exfoliated and started to spall. The stone was cleaned and the vulnerable areas were fixed. The carvings were traced with paint in 1927 and again by Lindqvist in the 1930s. Today, however, no paint is visible anymore. The carvings are very difficult to discern today due to heavy weathering. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "300" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "156" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "25" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration appears to have been executed with great care and a sense for a clear composition […]. Unfortunately, the stone’s surface is severely damaged by weathering. The unusually densely spaced horizontal lines in the sail as well as the inner limits of the framing, however, emerge very clearly, most notably in the lower panel, which contained only one image, namely that of a ship in a slightly chiseled background field. The planking of the hull and its rounded stems seems to be designated by four lines between railing and keel. The sailcloth is framed by a narrow border and probably features diagonal lines that are placed denser than its horizontal lines. They are interrupted by the mast and at least one stay running towards the right stem. Waves do not appear to have been indicated under the ship. Of the borders’ patterns, the three-strand interlace on the body’s right side and the four-strand interlace in the lower horizontal border are safely established” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 114). \n\nThe images described above, which are very difficult to verify today, are visible in the photo of the painted stone taken by Harald Faith-Ell in the 1930s and published by Lindqvist in 1941/42 (II, fig. 496). Some earlier photographs, taken by Ture Carlsson in 1927 (ATA dnr 1035/27), however, only depict certain parts of the borders’ frame and the ship’s sail. A drawing made by Olof Sörling around 1910 depicts no carvings at all (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44). Lindqvist dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type tall3, which occurs in his periods 5 (Early Viking Period), and 7 (Late Viking Period). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, appendix 2), the ship, which features a simple rectangular sail without depicted rigging, belongs to his group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 44, 53; II, pp. 114, fig. 496–497; Varenius 1992, pp. 63, 70, fig. 32. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:9936" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkumla 67:1" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkumla, Forsa I" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4894", "value_resource_id": 4894, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4894", "display_title": "3D model for GP0363", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0363_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "227" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen nämns första gången 1918, då den tjänade som bro över en liten bäck nära gården Forsa. Restes 1926 30 meter söder om fyndplatsen, 100 meter nordost om boingshuset. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma som 1926 \n\nBeskrivning \nStor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 3 m hög och största bredd 130 cm. Stenen är mycket vittrad, men spår finns av ett stort skepp med segel i den nedre delen av stenen. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6384568" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "693241" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAiMRJSKIReQ6nf4JUNqX2PAbT67FAI6BXxSFohnnP5P4k?e=dSqbHv" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2406", "o:title": "GP 361 Stenkumla kyrka I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2407", "o:title": "GP 362 Stenkumla kyrka II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2409", "o:title": "GP 364 Stenkumla Forsa II" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2409", "o:title": "GP 364 Stenkumla Forsa II" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4894", "o:title": "3D model for GP0363" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2410", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2410, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-23T12:18:08+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4347", "o:id": 4347 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4347", "o:id": 4347 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0365" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the churchyard wall of Stenkyrka church, north of the tower. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Churchyard" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen av Nordin i kyrkogårdsmuren exakt norr om tornet" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was incorporated into the churchyard wall north of the tower as it was discovered by Fredrik Nordin in 1911. According to Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, pp. 10–11), a wooden church at this spot was the very first church building in the entire northern part of Gotland. It was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the 12th century, the foundations of which were discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the 13th century (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, p. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church but in the entire parish is an indicator of the politically and religiously important position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during large-scale restoration works, which were carried out in 1954/55. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "“Limestone slab, about 7 cm thick. The obverse is uneven and displays cracks and flaked patches, the narrow sides are roughly smoothed, the reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height now is 60 cm, the width between the upper corners is 45 cm. The body is 36 cm wide at the narrowest part” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 116). The small stone is almost completely preserved, only its root is broken off. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "60" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 116) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with shallow chiselled lines. Inside of the framing border filled with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern, there can be seen in the centre parts of a watercraft with chequered sail and further up the very vague remains of a bird of prey.” In Olof Sörlingʼs drawing which is reproduced in Lindqvistʼs book, only some parts of the birdʼs tail and the top of a wing can be guessed at (ibid. fig. 492). In another drawing made by Sörling, which is kept in ATA (run- och bildstenssamling), however, only a few lines can be seen in the upper field. The photo of the secondarily painted stone provided by Lindqvist in his book, however, depicts a typical Style II image of a striking raptor in profile, right above the ship. It seems as if the giant raptor attacks the vessel as though it was a prey animal. \n\nMigration Period bird brooches (Thiry 1939, pl. 18:428–429) and raptor-shaped fittings from the Vendel Period (Atterman 1934; Salin 1904, 269; Hauck 1980a, figs. 31–33; 1982c, fig. 55.8; Dickinson 2005, figs. 12b–g; 2011, figs. 9b–f; Oehrl 2020d) are close parallels. Actually, some of these items represent raptors striking and holding their prey, such as the gilded saddle fittings from a horseman’s grave at Vallstena in Gotland (Nerman 1969/75, nos. 1260–1263) dating to the 7th century, the gold and garnet cloisonné mounts of the purse lid from the 7th century Anglo-Saxon princely ship burial at Sutton Hoo (Suffolk, East Anglia), depicting a raptor striking a duck (Hicks 1986, 162–165; Adams 2015, 43–48), as well as a sheet gold plaque (probably a decoration on a warrior’s shield dating to the 6th or 7th century AD) from the famous Staffordshire Hoard (West Midlands) (Fern/Dickinson/Webster 2019, p. 92, cat. no. 538), depicting two raptors who are striking a fish. In addition, the unique bronze brooch from Lisbjerg in Jutland, Denmark, from the 6th/7th century AD, depicts a bird of prey gripping a man’s legs with its claws and biting into his neck (Ørsnes 1966, no. 159a; Kjærum/Olsen 1990, p. 162 no. 63). A raptor in profile, who is striking a fish, can also be seen on a gold bracteate from an unknown find spot kept in the British Museum (IK 33 British Museum-C), dating between AD 450 and 550. \n\nThose depictions of striking Style I/II raptors (some of which, however, could also be regarded as corvids) are very similar to the image on the picture stone from Stenkyrka church. However, it must be stressed that it is difficult to verify the image given by Lindqvist (Oehrl 2019a, p. 66), even when using digital imaging tools. Remarkably, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 89) does not mention Stenkyrka kyrka IV in his overview of bird depictions and states that GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX represents the only space-filling bird motif in the material." }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413", "value_resource_id": 2413, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2413", "display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Hauck (1983a, pp. 534–535) interprets both the striking Style II raptor on Stenkyrka kyrka IV and the emblematic raptor (?) on GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX as depictions of the chief god Wodan/Óðinn, acting in shape of an eagle. This interpretation is based on his research on the iconology of the Migration Period gold bracteates (Hauck 1972, pp. 52–53, 56–58, 64–65, fig. 8, pl. I, 1a–b, pl. III, 3a–b, pl. IV, 4; 1982c, p. 322, fig. 3a; 1986b, pp. 294–296, figs. 5–6), the older futhark inscription on the Eggja rune stone, and Old Norse literature. \n\nThe Eggja rune stone (NiæR 55) was found in 1917 during ploughing near the farm Eggja (Eggjum) in Sogndal kommune, Sogn og Fjordane county (today Vestland county). The slab covered a 7th-century burial, the inscription facing downwards. The runic inscription is badly preserved and its meaning controversially discussed. It appears to be written in metrical form, and thus is regarded as an exceptional early piece of skaldic poetry. Most runologists agree that the inscription reflects a kind of ritual which was performed when the grave slab was carved, probably including a curse against potential grave robbers. In addition, according to runologist Wolfgang Krause (KJ 101), the inscription contains the following sequence: ʻAs who came the army-god hither onto the land of warriors? A fish swimming out of the terrible stream, a bird screaming into the enemy band.ʼ The term ʻarmy-godʼ hæráss is recorded in Old Norse poetry as a name (heiti) of the god Óðinn. Thus, according to Krause’s interpretation of the Eggja inscription, this deity comes to the land of the living, in shape of a fish or an eagle, probably in order to take the deceased to the afterlife. However, it must be stressed that the transliteration and actual meaning of the inscription is still disputed and unclear in many respects (see in particular Høst 1986). \n\nThere are numerous birds to be observed on the gold bracteates, which are frequently interpreted as ravens, although many of them have large, hooked beaks indicating raptors. In most cases, the birds closely accompany the central human figure, which should be regarded as an indigenous deity, probably the chief god, Wodan/Óðinn. The birds’ heads are intimately turned toward the god’s face, as if they would communicate with each other (Hauck 1977a; Heizmann 2007b, pp. 19–32; Pesch 2018, pp. 435–436). Frequently, the god’s headgear turns into a bird of prey. Occasionally, it seems as if the entire human figure merges with that of a bird (Hauck 1972) while some bracteates only depict the raptor, without any human features. Occasionally, it attacks a strange reptile-like monster (IK 413 Bohuslän-D) or a fish-like creature (IK 33 British Museum-C). In Hauck’s opinion, those raptors represent Óðinn fighting animal-shaped demons (Hauck 1986a, p. 493, fig. 3; cf. IK 616). In this way, Hauck also interprets the group of raptor-, serpent-, and fish-shaped Vendel Period shield mounts (1980a, pp. 274–286; Hauck 1982c, pp. 321–328; alternative interpretations are discussed by Dickinson 2005, pp. 152–160; 2011, pp. 644–650). The eagle who kills a serpent is a wide-spread symbol representing divine victory over evil (Wittkower 1939, pp. 294–325). Zeus/Jupiter also is frequently depicted in shape of an eagle, fighting a snake, and this motif is also adopted by Christian tradition, as symbol of Christ who defeats the devil (Oehrl 2015a, p. 481; 2020d, p. 460). \n\nAccording to the medieval written sources, Odin is indeed able to turn into an eagle, and some of the god’s numerous names refer to his affinity with the raptor – he is called Arnhǫfði (ʻthe eagle-headedʼ) or just Ǫrn (ʻeagleʼ) (Falk 1924, p. 41; Ellmers 1970, pp. 264–271, 275–277; Hauck 1972; 1980a, pp. 245–246, 267, 281, 283–285; 1982c, pp. 321–323; 1986b, pp. 278–280; 1988, pp. 34–36; Dickinson 2011, pp. 648–647). In order to escape from the giant Suttungr after he had stolen the mead of poetry, Óðinn took shape of an eagle (Skáldskaparmál 1 – Faulkes 1998, pp. 3–5; Hávamál stanzas 13, 14, 104–110 – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, pp. 19, 33–34; Berudrápa stanza 56 – Sigurður Nordal 1933, p. 276). Against this background, the runic inscription on a bracteate from Revsgård in Denmark (Jutland, IK 145) is of particular interest. A short sequence ara (Old Norse ari), probably meaning ʻeagleʼ, is clear and legible (Nedoma 2018, p. 1590). Unfortunately, the runic sequence on the opposite side of the god’s head remains less clear. However, it possibly contains the word haitika, a present tense first-person singular form of a verb that means ʻto be calledʼ. As a result, the inscription could be understood as: Ara haitika ʻEagle I am calledʼ or just ʻI am Eagleʼ – a self-proclamation of the runic writer or rather of the supreme god Odin himself (Düwel 2015 [1984], pp. 163–164; Oehrl 2020d, p. 455). \n\nAs a result, Hauck regards the Style II raptors depicted on the Type B picture stones from Stenkyrka church as mythological representations, as epiphanies of the supreme god Wodan/Óðinn, possibly acting as a psychopomp, a guide for the dead. Perhaps, on the stone no. IV, the god aims at the ship of the dead, taking possession of the vessel, and accompanying its crew to the world of the dead? However, the basis of this interpretation is rather sparse, the argumentation hypothetical. \n\nImages of raptors and corvids (it is hard to differentiate between the species as they seem to merge into one another, iconographically and semantically, see Pesch 2015a, 382–388) in Late Iron Age and Viking Period art can easily be linked to the Skaldic ʻbeasts of battleʼ topos (Oehrl 2020d, 455–457). In numerous accounts of battles in Old Norse (as well as Anglo-Saxon) poetry, the wolf, the raven, and the eagle are mentioned – they feast on the slain, eating the corpses on the battlefield and drinking the blood of fallen warriors in the aftermath of battle (Beck 1970, pp. 55–67; Honegger 1998; 2017; Jesch 2002; Albert 2014, pp. 129–195). A very common kenning for fighting and killing enemies in battle is, for instance, ʻto feed the eagleʼ (ǫrno seðia). Raptors (or corvids) in the context of combat and killing, which are undoubtedly associated with the literary ʻbeasts of battleʼ motif, are depicted on the Type C/D monuments GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. \n\nTheoretically, the bird images from Stenkyrka could also be interpreted as valkyries in the shape of crows or ravens. The affinity between the valkyries and carrion-eating birds is recorded in Old Norse literature (Egeler 2011, pp. 68–70). Apart from a number of other common features, corvid affinity links the Old Norse valkyries with female demons of death in the Celtic world and in the Mediterranean, particularly the Keres, Harpies, and Erinyes, who are associated with carrion-eating birds. The Erinyes appear as bird-human hybrid creatures that in Old English glossaries are designated wælcyrige, a term equivalent to the Old Norse valkyrja (Egeler 2009; 2011). Some of the raptors which Hauck regarded as representations of Óðinn, he later interpreted as ornithomorphic demons of death (e.g., Hauck 1988, 34). On valkyries in shape of aquatic birds see GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413", "value_resource_id": 2413, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2413", "display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386", "value_resource_id": 2386, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2386", "display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2138", "value_resource_id": 2138, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2138", "display_title": "GP0091", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f013e0b5d4e9c4283dfc8b692e086a18f1d35595.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0091.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167", "value_resource_id": 2167, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2167", "display_title": "GP0120", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The simple ship depiction corresponds to a type labelled by Lindqvist as Rikvidetypus (ibid. I, p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 63, fig. 26, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features of a simple rectangular sail, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, 66; II, p. 116, figs. 492, 498; Hauck 1983a, pp. 534–535, 594, pl. XVII.36; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 26; Guber 2011, p. 143 cat. no. 67; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11–12, 66, pl. 31a–b; in print b. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Kirche IV" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC1670" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4896", "value_resource_id": 4896, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4896", "display_title": "3D model for GP0365", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0365_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "232" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Högklint Formation (90%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1911 i kyrkogårdsmuren precis norr om tornet. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotland Museum, magasinet på Visborgslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nNästan helt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), bevarad längd 60 cm, största bredd 45 cm. Kantdekor och ett skepp med segel, över skeppet en rovfågel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nMöjligen kan rovfågeln symbolisera en valkyria. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "bird of prey" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "wing" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "eagle" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6411166" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709898" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCQ6VAZo4HiQrsIhxgEbGjIAXbDElpoMEn7DCjOj8rBTSI?e=5KkErL" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2197", "o:title": "GP 151 Halla Broa XX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2227", "o:title": "GP 181 Hejdeby Råby" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2238", "o:title": "GP 192 Hejnum Mallgårds 2" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2413", "o:title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2413", "o:title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4896", "o:title": "3D model for GP0365" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/244", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 244, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2410", "o:id": 2410 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.793225555984826, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.531656617855674, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2430", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2430, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/688863f79fca6e2ee2def5ee0d7372a496203243.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T08:37:28+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4358", "o:id": 4358 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4358", "o:id": 4358 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10 " } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0385" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Påträffad vid restaurering av kyrkan" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Visby" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Visby Airport" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Other" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was found in Stenkyrka church, where it had been re-used as building material. More information about the actual find location and kind of re-use is not available. In his book “Gotlands Bildsteine”, Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during a large-scale restoration, which was carried out in 1954/55 according to plans by the architect Rolf Bergh. Stenkyrka kyrka 10 was also found on this occasion, in 1955. Today, the stone is on display in the arrival hall of Visby Airport. \n\nThe earliest church at this place was probably a wooden building that was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the twelfth century. The foundations of the first stone church have been discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the thirteenth century. The nave was erected shortly after the dedication of the choir in 1255, the new tower between 1280 and 1310 (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, pp. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church but in the entire parish is an indicator of the political and religious position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (see Roosval 1914, p. 5). " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 1.44 m high and 0.70 m wide between the protruding corners of the head. The mushroom-shaped monument is almost completely preserved and undamaged; only a small part of the root is broken off at an angle at the bottom. The obverse is relatively flat and well-preserved. However, the head field is somewhat uneven and more weathered. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "144" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "70" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The bas-relief depictions were secondarily repainted after the discovery of the stone; a corresponding photograph (neg. no. XV:440) is preserved in the old catalogue of Gotlands Fornsal (kartoteket). The following can be taken from the photo: The obverse is divided into two picture panels, a head field and a lower field. The lower field shows, on a row of six waves turned to the left, a sailing ship with a chequered sail. The sail’s upper framing line separates the ship image from the head field. The hull of the ship is box-shaped, with vertically ascending stems tapering to a point at the top. On the ship, apparently standing with their feet on the railing, three crew members are depicted facing left, one to the left of the mast and two to the right. While the figure on the far right remains extremely unclear (perhaps he is seated holding the rudder that extends from the hull at the bottom right), the other two men are clearly visible. They have long, pony-tailed hair and are each holding a sheet rope in their hands, which is connected to the lower framing line of the sail. In the upper field, only very faint remnants of the decoration are visible, probably parts of the extremities and body of a horse. It is likely to have been an equestrian motif. The border that frames the picture fields is filled with a complex interlace pattern that forms a row of figure-eight-shaped elements. On the left side, however, this unusual pattern merges into irregular, diffuse decoration. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Regarding the (eschatological) interpretation of the ship and horseman motifs see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone. The monument belongs to a small group of large Type C(/D) stones with slightly convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, tbl. III). Best examples are GP 37 Bro Eriks I, GP 45 Bro Eriks II, GP 185 Hejnum Rings, and GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1 (and also the Type E stone GP 32 Boge kyrka, which represents a palimpsest). This head shape corresponds to certain Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ. Therefore, Lindqvist (ibid. p. 46) regards the mentioned monuments as a “Hybridgruppe”, probably representing a phase of transition between ʻAbschnittʼ B and C. If this interpretation is correct, those stones could be regarded as the earliest Type C stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or possibly around 700. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2084", "value_resource_id": 2084, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2084", "display_title": "GP0037", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/49e5d0744d4567eff73da218d9c0b41f3f202a35.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0037.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2092", "value_resource_id": 2092, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2092", "display_title": "GP0045", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a7fed3f3c9db0e91e02faae04e0847813ef2afc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0045.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2231", "value_resource_id": 2231, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2231", "display_title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/30045aa2d70af628da4ac73f170885e647fddf80.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0185A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237", "value_resource_id": 2237, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2237", "display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/855ec9431b6c9e9bfbe4f6c67dad7f8bf35813e5.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2079", "value_resource_id": 2079, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2079", "display_title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/654d1307c8195d98c52882ecdf4f2f2a47998687.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0032A.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Oehrl 2019a, p. 211. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Kirche IX" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC10797" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4916", "value_resource_id": 4916, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4916", "display_title": "3D model for GP0385", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0385_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "238" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1954-55 i Stenkyrka kyrka, men oklart var. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nVisby flygplats. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn svampformig bildsten (period C/D), 144 cm hög och 70 cm bred. Bildstenen är uppdelad i två bildfält. I det nedre bildfältet vågor, ett skepp med segel och tre stående besättningsmän, som håller i riggen. I det övre bildfältet svaga spår av en häst, troligen rester av en ryttarfigur. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "long hair" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6411166" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "709898" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBu2l9hhlgWQav_2ybew_6GATSZoI43fY4sBgyJPmQmoIY?e=tNkA6m" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4916", "o:title": "3D model for GP0385" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/262", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 262, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2430", "o:id": 2430 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.793225555984826, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.531656617855674, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2435, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T08:41:59+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4365", "o:id": 4365 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4365", "o:id": 4365 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0390" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" }, { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/runor/inscription?id=b2539210-ce12-4cdf-8e5a-ffbab68ce6ff", "o:label": "Runor" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, next to a stone mound. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Historiska Museet" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "SHM" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, and only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous large spherical stones (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum (SHM 13742) by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III was found near the road, in the southern part of the cemetery, “close to Söderlund’s farm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 122). It lay at the southern edge of stone mound no. 8, close to the surface (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 661; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). Elsewhere, however, Lindqvist notes that the slab lay about 2 m north of a small grave mound (1941/42 II, p. 122). Mound no. 8 (SHM 15227:8) was 2.5–2.8 in diameter and was surrounded by a wall of 4 to 6 layers of limestone slabs. It only contained a knife, charcoal, and bones of sheep. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414", "value_resource_id": 2414, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2414", "display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415", "value_resource_id": 2415, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2415", "display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416", "value_resource_id": 2416, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2416", "display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2417", "value_resource_id": 2417, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2417", "display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0372.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418", "value_resource_id": 2418, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2418", "display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422", "value_resource_id": 2422, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2422", "display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423", "value_resource_id": 2423, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2423", "display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424", "value_resource_id": 2424, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2424", "display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425", "value_resource_id": 2425, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2425", "display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426", "value_resource_id": 2426, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2426", "display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434", "value_resource_id": 2434, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2434", "display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436", "value_resource_id": 2436, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2436", "display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437", "value_resource_id": 2437, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2437", "display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438", "value_resource_id": 2438, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2438", "display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439", "value_resource_id": 2439, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2439", "display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440", "value_resource_id": 2440, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2440", "display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441", "value_resource_id": 2441, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2441", "display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474", "value_resource_id": 2474, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2474", "display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475", "value_resource_id": 2475, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2475", "display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476", "value_resource_id": 2476, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2476", "display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485", "value_resource_id": 2485, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2485", "display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The slab represents a completely preserved mushroom-shaped picture stone which is in remarkably good condition. “Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick at the base, up to 7 cm at the head. The obverse is even, the narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height is 86 cm, of which 73.5 cm are above the lower horizontal bar. The head is 40.5 cm wide, the neck 29 cm, and the base 45 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 122). " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "86" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "10" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration had been sketched out in fine, probably cut lines, whereupon the background field was chiselled about 1 mm deep” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 122). Such preliminary sketches can only be observed on those monuments whose surfaces are particularly well preserved (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). Good examples are GP 161 Halla Broa III, GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 122) notes that “unfortunately, the contour lines were traced in ink by the finder – and in many places incorrectly. The result is clearly visible in several previously published photographs […].” All figures are remarkably detailed. In particular, the drapery of their garments and their faces are carved with fine lines and still well-preserved. \n\nThe stone is framed by a wide border with a complex interlace pattern. A simple horizontal band (with runic inscription, see VIII) divides the head and the neck of the stone from its lower part. The depictions in both image fields are described by Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 123: In the head field, there is an equestrian on a walking horse, turning to the right. The horseman wears a pointed helmet, a large shield with whorl pattern, and trousers gathered at the calves. A triple-symbol formed by three triangles is located behind the horseman’s neck. Another triple-symbol, formed by three drinking horns, is located above the horseman’s head. Each drinking horn’s narrow end pierces the broad end of another. Just next to the horse, in the right corner of the head, a woman is depicted, who seems to be standing on the horse’s right, raised foreleg. She faces the horseman and proffers a drinking horn. \n\nThe picture stone’s neck represents an approximately 10 cm high field without any chiselled background fields. The figure here is just carved or even sketched – a man in a knee-length tunic with belt, without clear headgear. He extends one hand and turns towards the right. Behind him there probably were once more figures, which now, however, are no longer identifiable. The lower edge of the neck field is formed by a simple horizontal border, consisting of two parallel lines, which contains the inscription (see VIII). The carved man is standing on the horizontal runic border. \n\nThe body of the stone, i.e., the monument’s lower half, is occupied by a ship with rounded stems with spiral terminals, a rudder on starboard, and a square sail uniformly framed on all four sides. The sail features a slightly inconsistent rhombic pattern formed by double lines. Above the railing emerge the torsos of two men each holding one sheet rope, the end of which forms a loop attached to a rope hanging from the sail’s lower edge. Below the ship’s rudder, a further triple symbol can be seen, representing a triangle with a semi-circular recess on each of its sides. Below the vessel, there are two huge waves breaking towards the right, in the direction of the ship’s movement, with crests stylised as interlace ornament. \n\nThe described depictions are easily discernible and documented by both photos of the painted stone and Olof Sörling’s drawing, reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/41 I, figs. 104, 112; II, fig. 512). A collection of different photos of the painted and unpainted stone dating to the 1930s and 60s is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207", "value_resource_id": 2207, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2207", "display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208", "value_resource_id": 2208, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2208", "display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Even if the images of the horseman’s welcome (adventus) on the Gotlandic picture stones can be traced back to Roman ideas, it must be assumed that those models were re-interpreted in the North (Vierck 1981). Since early research, the motif is assumed, on the basis of Old Norse literature, to depict the arrival of a slain warrior in Valhǫll – a valkyrie offers a welcome drink to the mounted newcomer (e.g. Nordin 1903, p. 150; Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 96; Weber 1973; Ellmers 1973; 1980; 1986; 1995; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 47–50; 2020c, pp. 128–138). A stylised hall building that is supposed to represent Valhǫll can actually be seen on GP 21 Ardre Kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, where the new arrival appears to be sitting on the eight-legged horse of the otherworldly host, Óðinn. See also GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, and GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), which represent the horseman with further conclusive details. \n\nThe common Valhǫll-interpretation of the horseman motif essentially is based on the Eiríksmál (and on the Hákonarmál by Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson that draws on them), a song of praise for the Norwegian king Eiríkr blóðøx (blood axe), written after 954 (von See 1981c; Kreutzer 1989; 1999; Marold 1972; 2006, pp. 228–234). This skaldic poem tells of a fallen warrior’s festive arrival at and admission of into Óðinn’s Valhǫll. Óðinn wakes the einherjar, the dead warriors living in Valhǫll, and requests them to arrange for the hero’s arrival, to prepare the benches and wash the cups. The valkyries are tasked with bringing the wine: […] bað ec […] valkyriur vin bera […] (stanza 1, Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, p. 174; B I, p. 164; Whaley 2012, p. 1006). In the Eddic poem Grímnismál, numerous valkyries are called by name whose job it is to offer drinking horns and serve beer to the dead warriors in Valhǫll: […] þær bera einheriom ǫl (stanza 36, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 64; cf. Gylfaginning 36, Faulkes 2005, p. 30). \n\nA greeting by a valkyrie to a dead man on horseback in front of the hall of the fallen is known from literature at least indirectly. There is, for example, the welcome given to Atli by Guðrún after Gunnarr’s murder in Atlaqviða (stanzas 32–33, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 245). This is, as shown by Wolf (1952, p. 101–102; 1965, p. 58–59; cf. von See et al. 2012, p. 336), fashioned according to a mythical model, in order to portray Atli as a doomed man: the poet calls Guðrún afkar dís, ‘terrible dís’, a term that can be regarded as a name for a valkyrie. The hall in front of which she welcomes the approaching horseman with a drink is called Valhǫll (stanzas 2 and 14). The Atlakviða appears to have been composed as early as the ninth century. At that time, the notion of the valkyrie welcoming the mounted warrior at the gates of Valhǫll with a drink already must have been very common. \n\nFurther indicators for a horse ride into the beyond are the triangular shapes over which the horse appears to step over on numerous picture stones. They are regarded as the fence that, as per Grímnismál (stanza 22, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 61) and Lokasenna (stanza 63, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 109), surrounds the realm of the dead (valgrindr, nágrindr) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 99; Weber 1973, p. 95). According to Snorri, Sleipnir carries the god Hermóðr with a spectacular leap across this barrier (helgrindr) and thus into the kingdom of the dead (Gylfaginning 49, Faulkes 2005, p. 47). Frequently, the horseman is accompanied by a dog that precedes its master (e.g., GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I). Whether the dog, as in many cultures of the ancient world, should be regarded as a psychopomp (e.g., Gräslund 2004) or a hound of hell (e.g., Weber 1973, p. 98), or rather as the man’s trusty companion in life as in death, must remain open. A kind of a northern version of Cerberus is in fact provided by the Eddic poem Baldrs Draumar (stanza 2–3, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 277). \n\nAlso relevant here are figural bronze/silver pendants (and gold foil figures) that feature individual women with a drinking horn or a kind of cup in their hands (Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 121–123, fig. 23(a–l), cat. no. 86, 151, 153, 216, 227, 236, 525, 670, 725, 803, 811, 1013, 1034, 1049, 1173). The meaning of those figures is subject of controversy (Simek 2002, pp. 110–118; Plochov 2007; Helmbrecht 2011, 124–125; Heizmann 2015). In the light of the picture stones, they have frequently been considered as depictions of valkyries (e.g., Koktvedgaard Zeitzen 1997, pp. 10–11; Price 2002, 336–337; Vang Petersen 2005, pp. 76–77). Particularly important are those figural pendants that show an armed woman greeting a horseman and offering him a cup (Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 68–71, fig. 2(a–b)–3(a–e), catalogue-no. 256–258, 105, 174, 196, 258; Gardeła 2018, pp. 404–408, tab. 3, fig. 5). That at least these martial ‘receptionists’ and servers of drinks should be regarded as valkyries welcoming the slain certainly is the most plausible explanation (Vierck 2002, 24–26). \n\nAs the valkyries by no means represent the only women in the world of the dead, nor the only mythical givers of drinks, other – albeit less convincing – alternatives for the woman with the drinking horn on Gotland’s picture stones have been put forward. She could represent the goddess Freyja (Göransson 1999, pp. 230–231), of whom Grímnismál says that she receives half of the fallen: according to the poem, the dead take their seats in the goddess’ hall, which may be thought of as a banqueting hall (stanza 14, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 60). It does not mention, however, that the dead are provided by the goddess with food and drink. But the woman with the drinking horn also could represent Hel, the goddess of the dead – Baldrs draumar indicates that mead was waiting for Óðinn’s dying son Baldr in Hel’s realm of the dead: Hér stendr Baldri / of brugginn mioðr, / scírar veigar (stanza. 7, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 278) (cp. Kopár 2012, pp. 99–101). The motif of the lady with the drinking horn has also been linked to the dísir (Simek 2002, p. 117; cf. Hellers 2012, pp. 129–133) – a group of female deities who are well documented in literature yet remain enigmatic; probably fertility goddesses associated with the Roman cult of the Matres. Occasionally the Matronae of votive stones are holding a cornucopia. Also scarcely convincing is the suggestion that the woman was the valkyrie Brynhildr/Sigrdrífa (Staecker 2004, pp. 64–65; 2006, pp. 364–365; 2013, pp. 49–51), who passes a mead horn to the hero Sigurðr after he had awakened her from an enchanted sleep: Hon tóc þá horn, fult miaðar, oc gaf hánom minnisveig (Sigrdrífomál stanza 1–2 and prose part, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 189). Gjessing believes the horseman is Óðinn and the woman with the horn the giant’s daughter Gunnlǫð, who serves him the mead of poetry (Gjessing 1943, pp. 78–80). \n\nApart from these considerations, the mythological character of the picture stones’ welcoming scenes has been called into question in general (Eshleman 2000, pp. 19–21; Ney 2007, p. 37; 2012). The proffering of a drinking vessel could be regarded as a universally valid formula of paying homage that derived from the eminent role of women in the drinking ceremonial of Germanic warrior retinues (Enright 1988; 1996). \n\nIn the context of the horseman’s welcome regarded a reception in the afterworld, the ships on the Viking Age picture stones are frequently considered as ships of the dead, vessels transporting the deceased into the beyond (e.g. Ebert 1919/20, pp. 188–189; Major 1924, p. 118; Almgren 1940, p. 32; Kreutzer 1988, p. 21; Ellmers 1973; 1986; 1995; Lindow 1993; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 15–16, 22, 70; Hauck 1976a, p. 588; Egeler 2015, fn. 61; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 55–58; 2020c, pp. 151–166). The fact that the picture stones depict two different ways of travel into the world of the dead – by water and by horse – is explained by Ellmers in a way that is essentially plausible: according to him, boat ride and horse ride represent two consecutive phases in the deceased’s journey (cf. Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 70; Hauck 1976a, p. 588; Althaus 1993, p. 139). The dead, he suggests, first must arrive by ship from the land of the living; having reached the shore on the other side, they continue their journey to Valhǫll by horse. The eight-legged horses on the stones GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I allegedly show that on his landing on the shore, the dead man is given the horse of his host, i.e., Óðinn’s horse Sleipnir. Here, Ellmers refers to the visit in 826 by the Danish king Harald Klak to Louis the Pious in Ingelheim; having landed on the shore of the river Rhine, Harald was received by Louis’ delegation, and as a special honour, the Emperor’s own horse was placed at his disposal for the ride to the imperial palace. \n\nAccording to numerous scholars (Stjerna 1905, p. 114; Ebert 1919/20, pp. 185–188, 196; Major 1924; Müller-Wille et al. 1978, pp. 277, 285; Ellmers 1992, p. 99; Egeler 2015, fn. 491, 572), the fact that Pre-Christian Scandinavians believed in a transmarine afterworld and a ship of the dead is proven by Vendel Period and Viking-Age ship burials as well as boat-shaped stone-settings (Müller-Wille 1968/69; 1974; 1995; Müller-Wille et al. 1978; Capelle 1986; 2004a; 2004b). In support of the thesis of a ship of the dead (Egeler 2015, pp. 113–180), it is argued in the case of the famous ship burial at Oseberg on the Oslofjord (dated 834) that the vessel in the grave appeared to have been ‘staged’ as being ready to put to sea; with its mast, rudder, and oars all prepared, with the anchor stowed on board, and with the ship (temporarily) moored to a bollard stone (Ebert 1919/20, p. 188; Major 1924, p. 147; Herschend 2000, pp. 143, 146, 148; Egeler 2015, pp. 147–148). The coins (including three unminted planchets) retrieved from the Anglo-Saxon royal ship burial at Sutton Hoo in East Suffolk (about 625) were interpreted as Charon’s pennies for the entire crew, as their number exactly matched the number of the oarsmen (Grierson 1970; cf. Müller-Wille et al. 1978, pp. 274, 276–277; Egeler 2015, pp. 149–150). In any case – and this is a serious indicator – the obolus custom, well documented in Germania since the third century, including Viking-Age Sweden, clearly refers to a concept of a transmarine world of the dead that can be reached by boat (Ebert 1919/20, p. 186; Gräslund 1965/66; Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 148; Steuer 2002; Egeler 2013b, pp. 10–15). \n\nUnlike in Greco-Roman or Celtic antiquity, in the North the belief in a ship of the dead is documented only sparsely in literature (Grimm 1968 [1875–1878], pp. 693–697; Müller-Wille 1968/69, pp. 126–129; Althaus 1993, pp. 141–146; Egeler 2015, 114–135). Most sources mentioned in this context describe burials in a boat, but without clear reference to a journey into the beyond. One of the more applicable instances is Snorri’s account of the burial of the god Baldr (Gylfaginning 49, Faulkes 2005, 46 f; Lorenz 1984, 567-574; Lindow 1997, 69-100) which, at least in essence, traces back to the Húsdrápa by skald Úlfr Uggason from the tenth century (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, pp. 136–138; B I, pp. 128–130.). It tells how the body of Óðinn’s son Baldr, together with his horse, is submitted to the sea in a burning ship. After the boat burial, it is related how Baldr’s brother Hermóðr talks to the guardian of the bridge leading across the underworld river Gjǫll (Gjallarbrú). She tells him that dead Baldr had crossed the bridge on his horse and ridden into the realm of Hel. Obviously, Baldr had travelled to the underworld in the burning ship and changed to the horse on the shore of the world of the dead (Egeler 2015, pp. 114–118). This corresponds to Ellmers’ suggested sequence of a journey into the beyond shown on the Gotlandic picture stones that combines travel in a boat and on horseback. \n\nAlso, reference must be made to the ship Naglfar, which, according to Snorri, during Ragnarǫk takes Loki and the giant Hrymr with the ‘sons of Muspell’ and an army of the dead (Heljar sinnar, ‘Hel’s companions’) to the fight against the gods (Gylfaginning 51, Faulkes 2005, 50; Vǫluspá stanza 50–51, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, pp. 11–12). It is generally accepted that the ship’s name means ‘ship of the dead’ or ‘ship of corpses’ (Lie 1954, pp. 153–154; De Vries 1959, p. 404; Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 141; Egeler 2015, p. 128). That Naglfar also played a role independent from the Ragnarǫk myth, as a means of transport for the deceased, is probable (Krohn 1912; Major 1924, p. 127; Stjerna 1912, p. 115; Simek 2004, p. 78; Simek 1982; Egeler 2015, p. 128). Another reference to a transmarine world of the dead, on the shores of which the dead disembark, is provided by Vǫluspá, stanza 38 (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 9; cf. Gylfaginning 52, Faulkes 2005, p. 53), by the toponym Nástrǫndr, ‛beach of the dead’ or ‛beach of corpses’ (Stjerna 1912, p. 113; Müller-Wille et al. 1978, p. 285; Ellmers 1986, pp. 348–349; Egeler 2015, pp. 125–126). \n\nFurthermore, Vǫlsunga saga (written down in the thirteenth century) relates how an old ferryman (Óðinn) transports the body of the hero Sinfjǫtli across a lake in a barge (Waser 1898, pp. 3, 7–8; Heide 2011, p. 61; Egeler 2015, pp. 128–129). The barge with the dead hero disappears and does not reappear again (ch. 10, Finch 1965, pp. 18–19). This account also is found in the prose text Frá dauða Sinfiotla in the Codex regius (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 162). Not least because Sinfjǫtli’s rapture was recognised as one of several parallels between the saga and Arthurian epic poetry (Baesecke 1940, pp. 282–284, 286–287; Finch 1965, p. XXXV fn. 10; Egeler 2015, pp. 129–130), this reference should be handled with care. Of some interest in this context, however, is Gísla saga Súrssonar, written in the thirteenth century (Björn K. Þórólfsson/Guðni Jónsson 1943, p. 56). Its author tells of a burial in a boat, which is then covered by a mound. During the burial proceedings, a heavy rock is placed in the boat, probably with the aim, as is suggested by the context, to weigh down the vessel to such a degree that it cannot put to sea. Apparently, this was meant to prevent the journey of the interred person to the world of the dead (Rosén 1918, pp. 128–129, 166; Egeler 2015, pp. 121–125; differently Wiberg 1937; cf. Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 137). \n\nOnly Skjǫldunga saga explicitly describes the burial in a ship as a journey to the realm of Óðinn (Major 1924, pp. 129–130; Müller-Wille 1968/69, pp. 129–130; Lindow 1997, pp. 85–86; Egeler 2015, pp. 118–119). Sigvardus boards the ship while alive, as rather than growing old, he rather wishes, in the manner of the ancestors, ‘to visit King Óðinn (i.e., the underworld) with royal splendour’ – [...] regali pompa Odinum Regem (id est inferos) invisere malle [...] (Jakob Benediktsson 1950, p. 463). This, however, is to be learned only from the saga’s Latin summary by Arngrímur Jónsson from 1596, while the saga itself, which probably was written about 1200, has not survived except for a few fragments (Acker 2007). \n\nThis, in essence, is the quite limited literary basis of the thesis of the ship of the dead in Pre-Christian Scandinavia. As the texts mentioned either do not explicitly allude to a boat ride into the realm of the dead but only hint at it, or were written at a comparatively late date, the existence of a concept of the ship of the dead in the pagan North is doubted in general by several scholars, and consequently, the ship imagery of the Gotlandic picture stones is interpreted in a different way – as pictures taken from the real life of the deceased person in whose honour the stone was erected, meant to glamorise the lifestyle of a warrior elite or celebrate the dead individual as a skilled seafarer, or refer to his death in a foreign country, while on a trade journey or in a sea battle (Lindqvist 1940, p. 55; 1941/1942 I, p. 92–93, 101; 1962, p. 22; von See 1981a, p. 118; Buisson 1976, p. 86; Holmqvist 1976, p. 566; Stenberger 1977, p. 342; Lindow 1993; Althaus 1993, pp. 137–182). \n\nLittle attention is paid in this discussion, however, to the fact that as early as in ‘Abschnitt’ A, there is iconographic evidence for the importance and function of the rowing boat as a vessel of the dead – see GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV and GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46. On the Stenkyrka fragment, a flying spear marks the crewed rowing boat as belonging to the realm of death. In this way, we also should probably interpret the missile above the small ship on the Viking Age (Type C/D) picture stone GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I as a ‘spear of death’. The Viking Age (Type C/D) fragment GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2 probably represents Óðinn, god of the slain, accompanying the ship of the dead and marking it with his spear. See the relevant articles for more detailed information and bibliography (here only the most relevant literature: Oehrl 2019a, pp. 57, 105–120, 227–242; 2020c, pp. 157–158; in print a). \n\nThe figure behind the horseman of Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, composed of three triangles, occurs on a number of late-type picture stones. It is known under two different terms – Norwegian/Swedish/Danish valknut (also valknude, valknop) and the Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (Hellers 2012, pp. 40–50). The first is not recorded before the beginning of the 18th century and refers to different kinds of knot- and loop-like symbols in Scandinavian folk art, in particular, those which are commonly described as ʻquatrefoil knotsʼ (Vierpassknoten, fyrpass). The etymology of valknut is unclear but usually interpreted as representing an Old Norse term valknútr which can be translated as ʻknot of the slainʼ. The Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (ʻHrungnirʼs heartʼ) originates from Snorri Sturluson’s Skáldskaparmál (ch. 17), written down around 1220. Snorri retells the myth about the god Þórr and his fight against the giant Hrungnir, who is described as having a special kind of heart: “Hrungnir átti hjarta þat er frægt er, af hǫrdum steini ok tindótt með þrim hornum svá sem síðan er gert var ristubragð þat er Hrungnis hjarta heitir” (Faulkes 1998, p. 21) – ʻHrungnir had a heart that is renowned, made of solid stone and spiky with three points just like the symbol for carving called Hrungnirʼs heart has ever since been madeʼ (Faulkes 1987, p. 78). The actual reason for depicting the giant’s heart on picture stones and other artifacts, however, remains unclear. Furthermore, it cannot be assumed with certainty that the connection between the symbol and the Hrungnir myth established by Snorri is based on ancient tradition. \n\nThe possible meaning of the so-called Hrungnis hjarta or valknut and other kinds of ʻtriangle signsʼ or ʻtriple symbolsʼ on late type picture stones, most of which are more-or-less triskele-like, has been discussed extensively by Hellers 2012, pp. 100–186 (with previous interpretations and relevant literature; see also Main 2020, pp. 31–34, 41, 44, 78–79 appendix 2). There may be a connection to the sphere of death and the supreme god Óðinn (who is also god of the fallen) since these signs mostly occur close to those motifs which are commonly regarded as depicting the afterlife journey (horseman, ship, and others; see in particular GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6, GP 341 Sanda kyrka I) or sacrificial scenes (GP 59 Buttle Änge V and GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I). \n\nThere is a certain proximity between those picture stone triple symbols and the triquetra. The triquetra is a widespread decorative element in early medieval art, which in Christian contexts is mostly regarded as symbol of the Trinity (Traetteberg 1974; Moltke 1974; see also Main 2020). Possibly, the Gotlandic ʻtriple symbolsʼ are inspired by Continental or Western triquetra symbolism. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068", "value_resource_id": 2068, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2068", "display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052", "value_resource_id": 2052, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2052", "display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141", "value_resource_id": 2141, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2141", "display_title": "GP0094", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395", "value_resource_id": 2395, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2395", "display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473", "value_resource_id": 2473, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2473", "display_title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0428.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299", "value_resource_id": 2299, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2299", "display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0253", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2384", "value_resource_id": 2384, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2384", "display_title": "GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f2f482480f543f7cf6b285590bbf8cb7c420d43e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0339.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304", "value_resource_id": 2304, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2304", "display_title": "GP0258", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167", "value_resource_id": 2167, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2167", "display_title": "GP0120", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386", "value_resource_id": 2386, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2386", "display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2106", "value_resource_id": 2106, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2106", "display_title": "GP0059", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d5d3d9f2fa1040a0a1d071a1db733c8d5fd3eff0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0059.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date those monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to after AD 750 or even after around AD 800 (2012, p. 117). The shape of the horse, in particular the shape of its head with its characteristic frame is reminiscent of Salin’s Style II and thus could be regarded as an indication of a date before AD 800. The runic inscription seems to point to the period between the 8th and the early 9th century, whereby a dating to the 10th century cannot be ruled out runologically (see VIII). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "Yes" } ], "ai2:runicInscription": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 286, "property_label": "Runic Inscription", "is_public": true, "@value": "Transliteration: ᴅ-(a)^ʀ(u)(t^)ᴅuþ (cf. Gustavson/Snædal 2013, Stenkyrka p. 6)." } ], "ai2:runicContextComments": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@value": "The indecipherable inscription (G 268) has been characterized as mixture of older futhark runes and short-twig runes (ibid. and Snædal 2002, p. 48). Without doubt, the d-rune, clearly representing an older futhark rune, is carved two times on the stone, as well as the u-rune and probably the þ-rune, which occur in both the older and the younger futhark. Those characters of the Lillbjärs inscription which are supposed to represent clear short-twig runes, however, are difficult to discern and remain uncertain (Källström 2012, pp. 123–124). Therefore, it is imaginable that the entire inscription is executed in older futhark runes. Whatever the case, as the old d-rune is used, the inscription was probably carved before the early 9th century. However, it is entirely possible that certain older futhark runes were in use even longer on Gotland, until the 10th or even 11th century (Gustavson/Snædal 2013, Stenkyrka p. 6; cf. GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4 [= G 157]; GP 244 Lokrume kyrka [= G 252]; GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka; see Oehrl 2019a, p. 279). Those characters could also be regarded as division markers or para-script characters of other function (cf. Imer 2012, p. 117). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2158", "value_resource_id": 2158, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2158", "display_title": "GP0111", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b7ec6b89a9c25ebf69b3765d21cd47ae99bfa2e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0111.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290", "value_resource_id": 2290, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2290", "display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 331, "property_label": "Runic Context and Comments", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2123", "value_resource_id": 2123, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2123", "display_title": "GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/24f4784ba423c11154a92b868d8ea9f36f67dfe8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0076.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 44, 75–78, 80, 82, 94, 102, figs. 104, 111–112, 114–115; II, pp. 118, 122–123, fig. 512; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 485 cat. no. 834; Hellers 2012, pp. 66–67, fig. 12, pl. 4a; Gustavson/Snædal 2013, Stenkyrka pp. 5–8; Kitzler Åhfeldt 2013a, p. 64; 2015, pp. 399, 418, figs. 38, 42; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 13, 24, 67, 275–277, 279, 291, figs. 4a, 32f, 331c–e; 2020c, fig. 15. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs III" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4921", "value_resource_id": 4921, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4921", "display_title": "3D model for GP0390", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0390_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "279" } ], "ai2:shmID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 311, "property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "13742" } ], "ai2:runverketID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 309, "property_label": "Runverket ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "G 268" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1908 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1909. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad ”dvärgsten” (period CD), 86 cm hög och som bredast 45 cm. Bildstenen är uppdelad i två bildfält, det övre med en ryttare och en kvinna som håller fram ett dryckeshorn. Bakom ryttarens nacke är tre trianglar flätade i varandra. I det nedre fältet avbildas ett skepp med segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nVälkomstmotivet tolkas ofta som en avbildning av de dödes resa till dödsriket. Flätade trianglar kan hänga samman med et kristna triquetra-motivet, men kan också associeras med döden. \n\nInskrift \nBildstenen innehåller rester av en runinskrift, som inte kan tolkas. \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "horse" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rider" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "helmet" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "whorl" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "trousers" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valknut" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "drinking horn" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "woman" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "dress" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "tunic" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "belt" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "men" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "valkyrie" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6581391" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "675775" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAmJE-iFUFQQ5WNi4aXDl1sAeWHVP9g-EhRdtuzX8ZsGl0?e=hQl7L3" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2123", "o:title": "GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2411", "o:title": "GP 366 Stenkyrka kyrka VI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2605", "o:title": "GP 561 Väte Gullarve" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2230", "o:title": "GP 184 Hejnum Riddare" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2257", "o:title": "GP 211 Klinte Hunninge III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2258", "o:title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2430", "o:title": "GP 385 Stenkyrka kyrka 10" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2539", "o:title": "GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2051", "o:title": "GP 4 Alskog Ollajvs" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2088", "o:title": "GP 41 Bro Ekes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2177", "o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324", "o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2606", "o:title": "GP 562 Väte Mölner" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2614", "o:title": "GP 570 Stenkyrka kyrkogården" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2299", "o:title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2302", "o:title": "GP 256 Lärbro Stora Hammars IV" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2199", "o:title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207", "o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2216", "o:title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414", "o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415", "o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417", "o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418", "o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422", "o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423", "o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs 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}, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440", "o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441", "o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474", "o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475", "o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476", "o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485", "o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X" } ], "ai2:runicContextComments": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607", "o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4921", "o:title": "3D model for GP0390" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2440, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T08:59:38+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4369", "o:id": 4369 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4369", "o:id": 4369 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0395" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, location unknown. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Magasin Visborg" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent the stones to SHM [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs necropolis as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones XV–XVIII were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson and delivered to Gotlands Museum by Fredrik Nordin in 1911 or 1913 respectively. About these stones, according to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 121), “[...] only little of importance could be found out”. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414", "value_resource_id": 2414, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2414", "display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415", "value_resource_id": 2415, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2415", "display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416", "value_resource_id": 2416, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2416", "display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2417", "value_resource_id": 2417, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2417", "display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0372.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418", "value_resource_id": 2418, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2418", "display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422", "value_resource_id": 2422, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2422", "display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423", "value_resource_id": 2423, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2423", "display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424", "value_resource_id": 2424, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2424", "display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425", "value_resource_id": 2425, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2425", "display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426", "value_resource_id": 2426, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2426", "display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433", "value_resource_id": 2433, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2433", "display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434", "value_resource_id": 2434, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2434", "display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435", "value_resource_id": 2435, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2435", "display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436", "value_resource_id": 2436, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2436", "display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437", "value_resource_id": 2437, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2437", "display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438", "value_resource_id": 2438, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2438", "display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439", "value_resource_id": 2439, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2439", "display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441", "value_resource_id": 2441, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2441", "display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474", "value_resource_id": 2474, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2474", "display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475", "value_resource_id": 2475, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2475", "display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476", "value_resource_id": 2476, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2476", "display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485", "value_resource_id": 2485, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2485", "display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment represents a piece of the lower part of a late-type picture stone, including its lower right corner and the lower part of the right edge. The root is broken off. “Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The obverse is unworked, but at least reasonably even. The preserved piece of the lower part of the right narrow side is hewn at right angles towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. The surviving fragment is up to 56 cm wide and 58 cm high” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 127). The surface is weathered but the carvings are still relatively easily discernible. \n\nThere are some similarities between Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII and GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX, in particular, regarding the border pattern (see VI), wherefore Lindqvist considered (1941/42 II, p. 125) “[…] that both stones were executed by the same person. Considering the circumstances of the discoveries, the possibility may even be considered that the two stones originally were part of the same monument.” According to Lindqvist, it turned out, however, that a cast made of Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII in Gotlands Fornsal did not match the fragment GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX which is kept in SHM. “Therefore, I rather tend towards the opinion that No. IX never had a decorated field that was larger than that preserved today and therefore cannot have constituted the upper part of No. XVII. \"" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416", "value_resource_id": 2416, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2416", "display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "57" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "56" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "7,5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist provides only one picture of the fragment, a photo of the painted stone, which was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937 (1941/42 I, fig. 107; ATA B3:91a). He describes the traced depictions briefly as follows (ibid. II, p. 127): “The stone is decorated partly with finely carved lines, partly with slightly chiseled background fields. Despite considerable weathering that damaged the stone, chisel marks still are particularly clear between the waves and in the framing border. In the latter, [an interlace pattern which forms a row of s-shaped elements] can be seen; in the field there is a watercraft with four identifiable crewmen. As usual, a row of waves, breaking to the right, was depicted below the vessel. The row of waves in the lower edge of the ship’s hull […] probably also was carved and hardly can be interpreted as the result of natural irregularities.” The ship’s rectangular sail features a rhombic pattern with alternately raised and sunken fields, and crewmen are depicted with round shields and detailed faces. One of them seems to wear a spear or sword on his shoulder. The stem is slightly upward-curling. Above the sail, the bottom part of the upper image panel appears to be preserved. \n\nTwo more interpretations of the carvings are kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling, a photo taken by Faith-Ell in 1933 showing a differing paint version (1751:18a), and a drawing by Olof Sörling. On the 1933 photo the entire crew and also the additional row of waves on the ship’s hull are missing. These details have also not been considered by Sörling. Furthermore, the drawing does only depict a few remains of the sail’s pattern, while the stem appears to end in an animal head. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, obviously Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Vareniusʼ (1992, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features a simple rectangular sail without depicted rigging, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone after AD 750. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 107; II, pp. 121, 125, 127; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 485 cat. no. 836. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XVII" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFC2483" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4926", "value_resource_id": 4926, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4926", "display_title": "3D model for GP0395", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0395_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "292" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1910-12 på gravfältet Lillbjärs, och lämnades till Gotlands Museum 1911 eller 1913. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nNedre delar av svampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD), bevarad höjd 58 cm och som bredast 56 cm. Trots att stenen är vittrad finns det spår av vågor, skepp med segel och fyra besättningsmän med sköldar. En av dem bär ett svärd eller ett spjut över axeln. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA " } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "shield" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "spear" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sword" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6390259" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "695514" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAu9gytbNeaTaoYAxvH9D4DAeWy7wehmteMlxJygcBFlIA?e=tPP8c1" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208", "o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414", "o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415", "o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417", "o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418", "o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422", "o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423", "o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424", "o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425", "o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426", "o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433", "o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434", "o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436", "o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437", "o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438", "o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439", "o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441", "o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474", "o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475", "o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476", "o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435", "o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485", "o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416", "o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4926", "o:title": "3D model for GP0395" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2578", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2578, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 534 Träkumla kyrka 3", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/424ce5a581006ed75b00c8f99cbb8cec8560ac6a.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/424ce5a581006ed75b00c8f99cbb8cec8560ac6a.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/424ce5a581006ed75b00c8f99cbb8cec8560ac6a.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:20+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:07:56+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3987", "o:id": 3987 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3987", "o:id": 3987 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 534 Träkumla kyrka 3" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0534" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/1ff6c7d9-5317-411d-8c49-e695b5e3b778", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inmurad i korgolvets sydöstra hörn." } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ, in the floor of the choir." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Sydöstra hörnet av korgolvet." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was discovered in the floor of the choir by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1983, together with GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1 and GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2. In 1982, Böttger-Niedenzu submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, and during the years 1981 to 1985, she visited the Gotlandic rural churches, discovering no fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. The slab Träkumla kyrka 3 is incorporated into the floor of the choir, a few steps southeast of the altar, just in the southeast corner of the rectangular choir. Its south and east sides are directly bordering the wall. The two other fragments are placed just north of the altar (i.e., directly left of it). The rectangular choir represents the oldest part of the present church, dating to about 1220 (Roosval 1942, pp. 31, 49) or the middle of the 13th century (Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, p. 250). The church has been a ruin since 1861 but was restored and re-inaugurated in 1917. A further restoration took place in 1951. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2577", "value_resource_id": 2577, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2577", "display_title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9ea2c2a6b1ac27c58dd20370bb3bfea421cf37aa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "gp0533.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment has the shape of an irregular rectangle of approximately 0.74 x 0.67 m (measuring the longest distances). The surface of the limestone slab is homogeneously grey with some dark and reddish spots as well as fossil inclusions. It is relatively even, weathered and worn by footsteps. A crack disturbs the surface. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "74/65" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "67/52" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu notes that although many traces of carvings are discernable, no specific elements of the decoration can be defined (1988, p. 16). However, based on RTI technology, Sigmund Oehrl (2019a, p. 176, pl. 177a–b) was able to document two raised bands forming a T-shape, which probably represent parts of an edge border decoration and a horizontal divider. Alternatively, the bands could be regarded as part of a ship’s mast and the lower frame of its sail. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "As the T-shaped band probably represent parts of an edge border and a horizontal divider (or of a sailing ship), the fragment represents a Typ C–E picture stone, which means that it dates to the 8th century or between around AD 800 and circa 1100. The fragment probably originates from the same monument as GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2 and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1. Their size and motifs indicate a Type C stone, dating between the 8th and the 10th century. The motifs on Träkumla kyrka 1 are closely related to GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV [C] and Lindqvist’s ʻLärbro groupʼ. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2577", "value_resource_id": 2577, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2577", "display_title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9ea2c2a6b1ac27c58dd20370bb3bfea421cf37aa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "gp0533.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2298", "value_resource_id": 2298, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2298", "display_title": "GP0252", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8756c6dd0cc322865c80f13b95ab28be95fe5ebd.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0252.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, p. 16; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 175–176, pl. 177a–b. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:7950" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Träkumla 56:1" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5065", "value_resource_id": 5065, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5065", "display_title": "3D model for GP0534", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0534_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "434" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1983, som en del av golvet i kyrkan kor. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma plats som 1983. \n\nBeskrivning \nTillhugget fragment av en svampformig bildsten (typ C), 74 x 67 cm. Stenen hänger förmodligen samman med Träkumla kyrka 1-2. Kantdekor bevarad samt ett band som har avdelat olika bildfält \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576", "value_resource_id": 2576, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2576", "display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2577", "value_resource_id": 2577, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2577", "display_title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9ea2c2a6b1ac27c58dd20370bb3bfea421cf37aa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "gp0533.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6384600" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "698184" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6384600" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "698184" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCkkTWSAGNoQb5VK6JoRzauAd2vmlMnmvbTcaDok8oJbj4?e=j8rqp5" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576", "o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2577", "o:title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576", "o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2577", "o:title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576", "o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2577", "o:title": "GP 533 Träkumla kyrka 2" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5065", "o:title": "3D model for GP0534" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/389", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 389, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2578", "o:id": 2578 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.56032965744187, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.31312722101643, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2616", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2616, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/3a502e3c7ca47983abd611b27e2c0753b47b7754.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/3a502e3c7ca47983abd611b27e2c0753b47b7754.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3a502e3c7ca47983abd611b27e2c0753b47b7754.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-24T11:32:00+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4450", "o:id": 4450 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4450", "o:id": 4450 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0572" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eksta church" } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eksta" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:grave": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 306, "property_label": "Grave or Not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eksta" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "The stone is in situ, re-used as threshold." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eksta kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I V långhusportalen Eksta kyrka. Återanvänt som tröskel." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The fragment was identified by Beata Böttger-Niedenzu in 1983. Böttger-Niedenzu, who submitted her master’s thesis on Gotland’s picture stones to the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich in 1982, went through all Gotlandic rural churches during the years 1981–1985 and discovered no fewer than 38 previously unknown picture stones, which she published in a brief catalogue in 1988. \n\nThe stone from Eksta which, strangely enough, is not registered in Jan Peder Lamm’s list, was re-used as threshold stone of the old Romanesque portal in the southern wall of the nave, the wall base and the jambs resting on the stone’s surface. The portal is located leftmost in the wall, next to the tower, while a new Gothic portal is placed in its middle. The portal was walled up during the middle of the 19th century and uncovered in 1947 (ATA dnr 3920-1947). The walls of the nave represent the oldest preserved parts of the building, dating to around 1200. The tower was erected in the 13th century. An old Romanesque apsidal choir was pulled down around 1300 and replaced by an extension of the nave. However, large parts of the church were rebuilt during the 19th century. " } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The visible part of the slab, which forms the doorstep in front of the portal, measures ca. 2.45 m in length and 0.84 m in width. The limestone is light grey with many fossils. It seems to represent approximately the right-hand third of a mushroom-shaped picture stone whose head part is still discernable. The stone is placed with its fragmented head lying in the east and its bottom part in the west. The very bottom and the entire head part are placed underneath the jambs of the portal and the wall base of the nave, while the middle left (i.e., northern) part of the picture stone is lying behind the wooden door which cannot be opened. Therefore, the stone’s total size and exact shape cannot be determined. Böttger-Niedenzu (1988, p. 5) considers it possible that the slab represents a complete picture stone. However, at least the south-facing side was straightened and the edge area reworked in order to get an even step. As a result, only a relatively small part of the surface, i.e., the actual tread of the step, can be examined at all. It is very much worn by footsteps, and a crack runs through the entire width, dividing the stone into a western and an eastern half. Parts of the original (quite rough) surface bearing the bas-relief are only preserved in the most western and eastern areas of the tread, right next to the base of the jambs. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "245" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "84" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "customvocab:10", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "In the left (western) edge area of the tread, next to the base of the jamb, clear remains of chiseled background fields are discernable. A row of two or three triangles can be confirmed, pointing to the east, i.e., to the stone’s top. As Böttger-Niedenzu (1988, p. 5) noted, this pattern is likely to represent the stylized waves of a lost depiction of a ship (as they are depicted on GP 280 När Smiss I [D] and GP 170 Halla kyrka 5 [C/D]). However, in the north-eastern corner (i.e., the stone’s neck area), a short part of a narrow east-west oriented strap is visible, probably indicating the mast or the frame of the lost ship’s sail. A similar position of the ship, including the triangular waves, can be seen on GP 212 Klinte Klintebys [C] and GP 563 Väte kyrka 2 [C]. The position of the ship in the middle part of the stone, with the sail reaching the picture stone’s neck, is also a special feature of GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I as well as the monuments of the Tjängvide group. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "value_resource_id": 2216, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2216", "display_title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0170.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607", "value_resource_id": 2607, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2607", "display_title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0563.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255", "value_resource_id": 2255, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2255", "display_title": "GP0209", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "No interpretation" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "The visible size and shape of the stone, which seems to preserve the edge of its typical mushroom head, as well as the bas-relief technique and the triangular elements (waves) indicate a type C picture stone (see VI). Therefore, it can be roughly dated to the 8th century or between ca. AD 800 and 1000. If there had been a depiction of a ship in the middle of the stone’s surface, as suggested above (VI), and as GP 212 Klinte Klintebys [C] provides the best parallel, including the triangular waves, the Eksta monument could be considered to belong to Lindqvist’s ʻKlinte-Gruppeʼ. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Böttger-Niedenzu 1988, p. 5. " } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5103", "value_resource_id": 5103, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/5103", "display_title": "3D model for GP0572", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0572_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 302, "property_label": "Year of Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "1983" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nStenen påträffades 1983 i Eksta kyrka, där den blivit återanvänd som tröskel. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nStenen är fortfarande inmurad i kyrkan, som tröskel i den romanska portalen i södra väggen av långhuset. \n\nBeskrivning \nOmkring en tredjedel, dvs. högerkanten, av stenen är synlig, men kolonnerna och väggen med kyrkdörren döljer stora delar av hällen. Det är möjligt att stenen är nästan fullständig men det är svårt att avgöra då stora delar av den är dolda. Den synliga delen har en storlek av 2.45 x 0.84 m. Det handlar om en svampformad bildsten vars huvud fortfarande är skönjbart medan långsidan har blivit omhuggen till en rak kant. \n\nNågra trehörniga element i basrelief är bevarade i nedre delen av bildstenen. Trianglarna föreställer antagligen vågor till en (inte bevarad) skeppsframställning. Sådana trehörniga vågor finns också på t.e.x. GP 280 När Smiss I, GP 170 Halla kyrka 5, GP 212 Klinte Klintebys och GP 563 Väte kyrka 2. På övre delen av bildstenen finns det bara några linjer kvar som kanske utgör rester av ett segel. \n\nDatering \n700-talet eller mellan omkring år 800 och 900-talet e.Kr. (vikingatid). \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nSO" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326", "value_resource_id": 2326, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2326", "display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216", "value_resource_id": 2216, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2216", "display_title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0170.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258", "value_resource_id": 2258, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2258", "display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607", "value_resource_id": 2607, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2607", "display_title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0563.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "triangle" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waves" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6353838" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "693228" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6353838" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "693228" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCVMk8W5hx8T4Qs7fDNuJk3AV1-4SrEyfx_1j8cfGALBqc?e=4UWmSK" } ], "ai2:lastInspected": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 315, "property_label": "Last Inspected", "is_public": true, "@value": "09.08.2022 (Cecilia Ljung)" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195", "o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5103", "o:title": "3D model for GP0572" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/422", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 422, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2616", "o:id": 2616 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.286578752065616, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.206194638032002, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2124, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:14:29+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012", "o:id": 4012 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012", "o:id": 4012 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4013", "o:id": 4013 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2950", "o:id": 2950 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0077" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "A meadow (probably a small burial ground) near Larsarve in Eskelhem parish. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" }, { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Grave-field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem Larsarve" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av \"Sprängänget\" nedanför Larsarve" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "Both stones, Eskelhem Larsarve I and GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II, are mentioned by Per Arvid Säve in his Berättelser (1863, p. 192; 1864, p. 311). They […] “obviously were hewn at the same time and probably were intended to form a single monument” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). They were found “[…] about 1863 by Mr Joh. Carlsson, Ekeby, while cultivating land in ‘Sprängänget’ below Larsarve, at a distance of several ells from each other. No. II was lying just below the turf between ashes, burnt bones, and field stone roundels, at a small mound” (ibid.). Lindqvist considers those stones to have been placed pairwise on graves. About 100–200 m west-southwest of the farmstead, just south of the main road, three circular stone settings can still be observed (RAÄ Eskelhem 26:1 and 27:1–2), which are 8, 9, and 26 m in diameter. Next to the farm buildings, circa 15 m to the east, a (grave?) mound of approximately 1 m height is registered (RAÄ Eskelhem 69:1). Apparently, there was a small burial ground from which the two Larsave stones originate. Today, the two stones are on exhibition in Gotlands Fornsal, arranged as a facing pair, as if marking a grave. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist describes both slabs as follows: “Similar limestone slabs with smooth structure over the root, which then is slightly rougher, 4.5 cm and 5 cm thick, respectively. On both stones, the broad sides have been dressed upwards of the root but not levelled; apparently, no chamfers were fashioned between them. Height 1 m and 82 cm, 72 and 52 cm of which are above the root, respectively. Width at the corners 53 and 47 cm, at the bases about 34 and 31 cm, respectively”. Eskelhem Larsarve I was broken into four pieces when it was delivered to Gotlands Museum – two fragments of the slabʼs upper half, the lower part including the massive square root, and a small piece of the right-hand edge. Two small sections, one at the lower right-hand edge and one almost in the middle of the stone, were missing. The pieces have been put together and missing parts reconstructed. GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II was discovered undamaged and completely preserved, including the rough and shapeless root part. The smooth surface of both stones and their fine carvings are well-preserved. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "100" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "53" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "5" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint. However, photos of the yet unpainted stones (482:13b, 1648:55–56, B3:61) as well as drawings by Olof Sörling from 1910/11 are kept in ATAʼs “Run- och bildstenssamling” and have been published in Lindqvistʼs book (see X). The well-preserved depictions on both slabs are described by Lindqvist as followings: “The decoration mainly was executed in very fine (chisel?) lines, but all around and within the figure-of-eight-shaped band figures in the borders of stone No. I, the background fields have been carved as if by chip carving – just as the field between the quadruped’s front legs of stone No. II. On each stone, one face features a border and a rectangular grid above the lowermost part of the field; above, there is on No. I a watercraft with rounded stems, the elevated ends of which terminate in animal heads, a small, tabular sail on a high mast that appears to be rigged with both forestay and backstay attached to the stem-heads, as well as the torsos of three crewmen jutting out over the railing; the steering oar is attached to the port side. Instead of this image of a ship, the corresponding face of No. II features two four-legged animals, heraldically juxtaposed and shown in profile. The other broad side of No. I was given the same border as the face described above, while the reverse of No. II was left entirely smooth” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Due to their characteristic body shape and the form of their heads, the two identical antithetic quadrupeds can be interpreted as horses, even though no tails are depicted (cf. ibid. I, p. 89; while Guber [2011, pp. 53–59] for some reason separates them from the horses and just calls them “Vierbeiner”). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The depiction of two facing horses on GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II can be associated with similar images on several Type A picture stones, which on the basis of the Migration Period picture stone from Häggeby in Uppland and medieval literary sources are commonly interpreted as depictions of ritual horse fights – GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7, GP 99 Garda kyrka 3, GP 554 Väskinde kyrka 5, GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and probably also the Type B stone GP 578 Alva Änge. The topic of horse fights (called hestavíg in Old Norse literature) and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see in particular GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244", "value_resource_id": 2244, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2244", "display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146", "value_resource_id": 2146, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2146", "display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2598", "value_resource_id": 2598, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2598", "display_title": "GP0554", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c8dddf303f0e7592b7a4ce274307145933b0f467.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0554.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178", "value_resource_id": 2178, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2178", "display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621", "value_resource_id": 2621, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2621", "display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle type “dwarf stone”, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The Larsarve stones belong to those few Type B stones which feature a semicircular head with pronounced corners slanting diagonally down towards the main body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 38–40). The second main characteristic of the Larsarve stones is the shape of their body, narrowing towards the bottom. Lindqvist separates the two stones from the rest of Type B and treats them as a further sub-group, called Larsarvesteine (ibid. 38, tab. II). According to Lindqvist, the Larsarvesteine represent the result of a further development within the Stenstugruppe (ibid. 40), where similar head and body forms already occurred. Even the iconography and style (crew aboard the sailing ship, shape of the horses) may indicate a late date within “Abschnitt” B, at the transition to “Abschnitt” C/D (cf. ibid. 117). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Eskelhem Larsarve I (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 64–66: Segelfahrzeuge vom Rikvidetypus) to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. Rundkvist (2012, p. 159), however, based on his typological analysis, dates the Larsarve monument to the Middle Vendel Period (Type dwarf3). " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" }, { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941, pp. 16, 19, fig. 1; 1941/42 I, pp. 40, 64-66, 89, 117, 120, figs. 71–76, 227; II, p. 40, fig. 342; Gjessing 1943, 69–70, 105, fig. 5.3b; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 28; Lamm/Nylén 2003, 43; Guber 2011, pp. 59, 115–116, cat. nos. 12–13; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 157, 159; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 63, 145, 149, pl. 2g, 28d. " } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Eskelhem, Larsarve I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA2140" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4610", "value_resource_id": 4610, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4610", "display_title": "3D model for GP0077", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0077_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "54a" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades omkring 1863 tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av Sprängänget nära gården Larsarve. Vid fyndplatsen rester av ett mindre gravfält. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen, placerad tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve I, så att de bildar en markering av en grav. \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en dvärgsten (period B). Bevarad höjd 82 cm och som bredast 47 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom bild av skepp, med mast segel och tre besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125", "value_resource_id": 2125, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2125", "display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "rudder" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "animal" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "head" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCq0RZBpJr_T4IY3CPUHl-EAeyckD52aPz03h9G5S0ZHLA?e=QhsSec" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121", "o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130", "o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203", "o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212", "o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272", "o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2336", "o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125", "o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4610", "o:title": "3D model for GP0077" } ] } }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2143, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:29:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4022", "o:id": 4022 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4022", "o:id": 4022 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3016", "o:id": 3016 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0096" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:ksamsok": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 346, "property_label": "K-Samsök", "is_public": true, "@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/41ba1408-a609-4a5d-99e4-43b175ccf28b", "o:label": "K-Samsök" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Häbbnautet – a meadow near Smiss gård (farmstead) in Garda socken. " } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Agricultural Field" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda Smiss" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Smiss II i en äng vid uppodling." } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Bildstenshallen" } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "According to Pehr Arvid Säve’s “Gotländska Samlingar” II (1887), the stone was found in 1873, together with GP 103 Garda Smiss II, while cultivating a meadow called Häbbnautet in the vicinity of Smiss gård (towards Ansarve). During an investigation in 1978, however, the find place could not be verified (according to the RAÄ inventory book 1978-06-14). " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The small picture stone is completely preserved, including its massive pedestal-like root. “Limestone slab, 7–10 cm thick above the root. Both broad sides above the root hewn and convex, as are the narrow sides. Wide chamfers that now generally are blurred by weathering appear to have divided the broad from the narrow sides. Overall height of the stone 98 cm, of which 69 cm are above the root. The width between the upper corners is 45 cm, in the middle of the body 33cm, at the base 40 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47). The carved surface is well preserved. " } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "98" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "45" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "8" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "“The decoration, confined to one of the broad sides, is executed in rough lines of about 4 mm width, without carved relief. The border is framed by double lines, features a simplified twisted cord pattern ,and defines a field that is divided into two panels of differing sizes by a central horizontal band of identical decoration. The lower panel appears to be empty, while the upper one seems to have a water-bird – which probably had two legs, one in front of the other – and above that a watercraft with steep, towering stems and a schematised depiction of mast and sail (?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47). In addition, the drawing by Olof Sörling, which is the only picture of the stone reproduced by Lindqvist (ibid. fig. 354), depicts a steering oar at the left-hand side of the ship, which is currently not visible on the painted stone presented in the exhibition. Furthermore, in Sörling’s interpretation, one of the bird’s legs is not connected to its body and appears more like a tiny barrier towering from the ground. The current painting, however, depicts the second leg clearly. Photos of the unpainted stone as well as a photo of the tentatively painted monument taken in 1933 (1648:52) are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular with regard to eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595", "value_resource_id": 2595, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2595", "display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with convex (in this case almost ogival) head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Garda Smiss I to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which in particular is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Garda Smiss I to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188", "value_resource_id": 2188, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2188", "display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211", "value_resource_id": 2211, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2211", "display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175", "value_resource_id": 2175, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2175", "display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322", "value_resource_id": 2322, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2322", "display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323", "value_resource_id": 2323, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2323", "display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057", "value_resource_id": 2057, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2057", "display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "value_resource_id": 2143, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2143", "display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320", "value_resource_id": 2320, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2320", "display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246", "value_resource_id": 2246, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2246", "display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Dwarf stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "B (ca. 500-700)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47, fig. 354; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, fig. 19; Guber 2011, p. 119 cat. no. 19; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168. " } ], "ai2:fornsokID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 310, "property_label": "Fornsök ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "L1976:2922" } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garde 19:2" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda, Smiss I" } ], "ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 312, "property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "GFA1984" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4629", "value_resource_id": 4629, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4629", "display_title": "3D model for GP0096", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0096_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "69" } ], "ai2:limestoneType": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 325, "property_label": "Limestone Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "crinoid limestone" } ], "ai2:geologicalGroup": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 326, "property_label": "Geological Group", "is_public": true, "@value": "Klinteberg Formation (40%)" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1873 vid uppodling av ängen Häbbnautet i närheten av gården Smiss. Stenen påträffades tillsammans med GP 103 Garda Smiss II. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 98 cm hög och som bredast 69 cm. Stenen består av två bildfält, det nedre är tomt, medan det övre omfattar en sjöfågel och delar av ett skepp med mast och segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nSjöfågeln kan möjligen knytas till en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150", "value_resource_id": 2150, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2150", "display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "legs" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "oar" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "waterfowl" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6357731" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "714954" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6393355" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "696536" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAGAzwag7HUQbPDznuAjDfpAcP_QO_OdlWR0xuaKKw-itI?e=kfMPO4" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150", "o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057", "o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113", "o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143", "o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2154", "o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175", "o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188", "o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211", "o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246", "o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323", "o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189", "o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I" } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320", "o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322", "o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595", "o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4629", "o:title": "3D model for GP0096" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/109", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 109, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143", "o:id": 2143 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.3117836592701, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.56931736872457, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] }, { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "@type": [ "o:Item", "dctype:PhysicalObject" ], "o:id": 2144, "o:is_public": true, "o:owner": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1", "o:id": 1 }, "o:resource_class": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32", "o:id": 32 }, "o:resource_template": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2", "o:id": 2 }, "o:thumbnail": null, "o:title": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I", "thumbnail_display_urls": { "large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg", "square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c1a60928235e48c02bbb160ff83e472483ddc82d.jpg" }, "o:created": { "@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:modified": { "@value": "2026-04-21T11:29:39+00:00", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" }, "o:primary_media": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3023", "o:id": 3023 }, "o:media": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3023", "o:id": 3023 }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3024", "o:id": 3024 } ], "o:item_set": [], "o:site": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2", "o:id": 2 } ], "dcterms:title": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 1, "property_label": "Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP 97 Garda kyrka I" } ], "dcterms:identifier": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 10, "property_label": "Identifier", "is_public": true, "@value": "GP0097" } ], "ai2:urlLinks": [ { "type": "uri", "property_id": 316, "property_label": "Links", "is_public": true, "@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25", "o:label": "ATA" } ], "ai2:findLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 280, "property_label": "Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Incorporated into the tower of Garda (Garde) church." } ], "ai2:findLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:7", "property_id": 318, "property_label": "Find Context Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" } ], "ai2:findLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 293, "property_label": "Parish Find Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:findingPlaceName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 292, "property_label": "Finding Place Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:findLocationContext": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 291, "property_label": "Find Context", "is_public": true, "@value": "Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på södra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:presentLocationParish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 297, "property_label": "Parish Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda" } ], "ai2:presentLocation": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 281, "property_label": "Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "In situ" } ], "ai2:presentLocationClassification": [ { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "Church" }, { "type": "customvocab:6", "property_id": 332, "property_label": "Present Location Classification", "is_public": true, "@value": "In-Loco" } ], "ai2:presentLocationName": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 314, "property_label": "Present Location Name", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda kyrka" } ], "ai2:presentLocationNote": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 294, "property_label": "Context Present Location", "is_public": true, "@value": "I kyrkan. Inmurad i tornet bildar övertröskel på den mellersta luckan på södra sidan av tornet." } ], "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@value": "The two picture stone fragments Garda kyrka I and GP 98 Garda kyrka II, which appear to originate from one and the same monument, are incorporated into the wall of Garda (today also ʻGardeʼ) church’s bell tower (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46; Svahnström 1972, p. 332). The stones form the lintels for the lowest sound hatches on the south and west sides of the tower, respectively. Both stones are integrated in the wall at equal height, with their decorated sides facing downwards. The fragments were first recognised in the church and reported to Gotlands Museum by E. Lundmark in 1914 (ATA Go Garde sn: Kyrkan –1949). The only available photos of the stones and their difficult location were taken by E. Edle in 1919 (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). \n\nFour more picture stone fragments, GP 99–102 Garda kyrka 3–6, were discovered under the floor of the nave by Gustav Trotzig during archaeological excavations in 1968 (Trotzig 1970). A further picture stone, GP 95 Garda kyrka 7, was found by B. Böttger-Niedenzu in 1984, incorporated into the 14th century lychgate. Garda church is regarded as one of the oldest churches of Gotland (Lagerlöf 1972; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 142–144; Andrén 2011, pp. 199–201). As early as around AD 1100, there was a wooden church at the same place. This Viking Age church was replaced by an early Romanesque building by the middle of the 12th century, the nave and the lower part of the tower of which are still preserved. In the middle of the 13th century, the tower was built up to its present height; in the first half of the 14th century, the Romanesque choir and apse were demolished and replaced by the current large Gothic choir. Among the church’s most remarkable features are the Russo-Byzantine wall paintings on the tower arch and in the nave. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146", "value_resource_id": 2146, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2146", "display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2147", "value_resource_id": 2147, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2147", "display_title": "GP0100", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/65d9bb56dbf1c7fd6522f89452d181783b341da3.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0100.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2148", "value_resource_id": 2148, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2148", "display_title": "GP0101", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f4f243f90cd0a8f96f584af621bc39d40cbe6a38.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0101.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2149", "value_resource_id": 2149, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2149", "display_title": "GP0102" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 282, "property_label": "Context and Discovery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2142", "value_resource_id": 2142, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2142", "display_title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/05739491a7017961eb019e8354111404b858ee7d.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no185.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@value": "The limestone slab is 14 cm thick, and its obverse is relatively flat. As the stone is incorporated into the masonry, no observations can be made regarding the narrow sides and the reverse. The currently visible part of the fragment is circa 1.50 x 0.60 m. The well-preserved decoration is executed by the chiseling of the background fields, which are slightly more than 2 mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 46). The relief is remarkably clear. Since the sail of a large ship and an image panel above it are preserved, the slab appears to represent a piece from the lower part of a tall picture stone. Since both fragments, Garda kyrka I and GP 98 Garda kyrka II, are quite similar regarding the nature of the material, colour, and preservation, Lindqvist (ibid.) regards them as originating from one and the same picture stone. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 283, "property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:dimensionsHeight": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 298, "property_label": "Height", "is_public": true, "@value": "150" } ], "ai2:dimensionsWidth": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 299, "property_label": "Width", "is_public": true, "@value": "60" } ], "ai2:dimensionsThickness": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 300, "property_label": "Thickness", "is_public": true, "@value": "14" } ], "ai2:material": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 301, "property_label": "Material", "is_public": true, "@value": "Limestone" } ], "ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 284, "property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 351) reproduces a drawing made by Olof Sörling; photos taken by E. Edle in 1919 with the carvings traced with white chalk by F. Nordin are kept in ATA. The visible part of the slab shows in the upper panel a backwards-looking four-legged animal in the left corner and two men to its right. The first is almost completely preserved and raises his hands, performing a gesture of adoration, while the second human figure is incomplete and vague. A fragment of an edge border with interlace decoration can be seen to the left of the upper image panel. The field below, which represents the larger part of the fragment, is incomplete and covered by a checked sail on a mast with one (to the left of the mast) and two (to the right of the mast) stays as well as some further indistinct parts of the rigging. The sail’s pattern is formed by alternatingly carved and raised squares. " } ], "ai2:interpretations": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@value": "As the human figure in the middle of the upper panel appears to represent an adorant, the entire scene could be interpreted as depicting a religious ceremony. The backwards-looking animal could be interpreted in this direction as well – on the late-type picture stone GP 59 Buttle Änge V, a horse-like animal in the same posture is depicted, apparently offering its throat to a man who is raising his sword. Lindqvist interprets this scene as an animal sacrifice and the backwards-looking head of the animal as a specific gesture of sacrificial iconography (Lindqvist 1964, p. 67). This may also be the case with Garda kyrka I (Althaus 1993, p. 193). The topic of horse fights and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2106", "value_resource_id": 2106, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2106", "display_title": "GP0059", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d5d3d9f2fa1040a0a1d071a1db733c8d5fd3eff0.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GP0059.jpg", "thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg" }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 285, "property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244", "value_resource_id": 2244, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2244", "display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 287, "property_label": "Type and Dating", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall late-type picture stone, Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 50) himself assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ D, without giving any reasons. The monuments of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700, the small group of Type D stones, which, however, must be regarded as a subgroup of C rather than a separate type, which he dates to the middle or the second half of the 8th century. According to recent research, however, those Type C/D picture stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th and the 10th centuries. " } ], "ai2:shapeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:3", "property_id": 305, "property_label": "Lindqvist Shape", "is_public": true, "@value": "Tall stone" } ], "ai2:typeLindqvist": [ { "type": "customvocab:2", "property_id": 303, "property_label": "Lindqvist Type", "is_public": true, "@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)" } ], "ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [ { "type": "customvocab:5", "property_id": 317, "property_label": "Runic Inscription or not", "is_public": true, "@value": "No" } ], "ai2:references": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 288, "property_label": "References", "is_public": true, "@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 50; II, p. 46, fig. 351; Althaus 1993, p. 193. " } ], "ai2:raaID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 307, "property_label": "RAÄ ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garde 124:4" } ], "ai2:slID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 328, "property_label": "Lindqvist Title", "is_public": true, "@value": "Garda, Kirche I" } ], "ai2:model3D": [ { "type": "resource:item", "property_id": 344, "property_label": "3D model", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4630", "value_resource_id": 4630, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/4630", "display_title": "3D model for GP0097", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png", "thumbnail_title": "GP0097_RGB.nxz", "thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream" } ], "ai2:jpID": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 308, "property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID", "is_public": true, "@value": "63a" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen är inmurad i tornet på Garda kyrka, och rapporterades första gången 1914. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nFortfarande inmurad i tornet. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en stor svampformad bildsten (period C-D), vilken troligen hänger samman med ett annat fragment, GP 98 Garda kyrka II. Det bevarade fragmentet 150 x 60 cm. Väl bevarade bilder i två fält. I det undre fältet segel och mast till ett stort skepp och i det övre fältet ett bakåtblickande djur och två män, varav den ene har händerna resta i ett slags tillbedjan. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nDet övre fältet kan möjligen föreställa ett offer. \n\nAA " }, { "type": "resource", "property_id": 327, "property_label": "Swedish Summary", "is_public": true, "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145", "value_resource_id": 2145, "value_resource_name": "items", "url": "/s/index/item/2145", "display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II", "thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg", "thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf", "thumbnail_type": "application/pdf" } ], "ai2:iconography": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "hands" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "interlace" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "sail" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "mast" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "ship" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "man" }, { "type": "literal", "property_id": 324, "property_label": "Iconographic Keywords", "is_public": true, "@value": "quadruped" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 289, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 290, "property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 295, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)", "is_public": true, "@value": "6358371" } ], "ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 296, "property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)", "is_public": true, "@value": "715673" } ], "ai2:downloadPath": [ { "type": "literal", "property_id": 349, "property_label": "Path to download", "is_public": true, "@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDnYQ3xeTJ6Rri-Dc4uZp1XAfeq7NqmAa6dOei_Y9-6cUE?e=7DSZjo" } ], "@reverse": { "ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2142", "o:title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7" }, { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:typeAndDating": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272", "o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8" } ], "ai2:summarySwedish": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145", "o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II" } ], "ai2:modelVisualizes": [ { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4630", "o:title": "3D model for GP0097" } ] }, "o-module-mapping:marker": [ { "@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context", "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/110", "@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker", "o:id": 110, "o:item": { "@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2144", "o:id": 2144 }, "o:media": null, "o-module-mapping:lat": 57.317182587427645, "o-module-mapping:lng": 18.581788496913987, "o-module-mapping:label": null } ] } ]