[
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
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"o:id": 2057,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:07+00:00",
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"@value": "2026-04-21T09:28:18+00:00",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2871",
"o:id": 2871
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"o:media": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2871",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2872",
"o:id": 2872
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2873",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2874",
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0010"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/0b142393-0929-4f5b-b5e5-cd4ad90ddb95",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "East of the village of Stora Ringome in Alva parish (RAÄ Alva 29:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva Stora Ringome"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stora Ringome, utan närmare angivelse enligt Lindqvist."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The two picture stone fragments were found near Stora Ringome around 1910 and are now incorrectly assembled with cement. They were kept there by the property owner, shoemaker Karl Jakobson as late as 1940. The photographs were taken by Amanuens Gunnar Svahnström [cf. GF 895:68–69; ATA A 78:112–113], additional information was provided by docent Mårten Stenberger” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). The find place (RAÄ Alva 29:1) is situated circa 100 m east of the village of Stora Ringome in Alva parish, on the other (i.e., eastern) side of the road between Havdhem and Hemse ('Stora Vägen'). The spot is located about 10 m east of the road, about 70 m west of the old railway line between Hemse and Alva. The picture stone fragments were discovered together with a 'gravklot' and a grindstone. According to a letter addressed to M. Stenberger, kept in the archive of Gotlands Museum, in 1945, the picture stone was stored in the cellar of Ada Block in Hemse (dnr 65/45). Today, it is kept in the storage of Gotlands Museum in Visborg. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The smaller of the two fragments represents approximately the left third of the head of a middle type picture stone, including the outer edge and corner, as well as a small section of the head field. It features a fixed crack and therefore could be regarded as two pieces. The bigger fragment represents approximately the left half of the small stone’s lower image field, including the left edge. As stated above, the two fragments had been assembled incorrectly by the finder and put together with cement; however, Lindqvist’s reconstruction shows the correct arrangement (1941/42 II, fig. 310). Today the two pieces are separated again. The sandy surface of the fragments is even and well preserved. Only face B of the lower (bigger) fragment is badly damaged and therefore no carvings are visible on it. Measurements are given by Lindqvist (ibid. p. 18): “Limestone slab, at the bottom 4.5 cm thick, at the top 3.5 cm. The smoothed narrow side is separated from the broad sides by chamfers 1.4 cm wide. The height of the larger fragment is 27.8 cm, its width 21 cm. The longest broken edge of the other fragment is 27.5 cm long, the width is 18.7 cm.” "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "27"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "21"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
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"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was decorated on both sides. The carved lines are remarkably broad and clearly visible. The figures on face A have been traced with paint by the owner. The preserved edges feature a framing border with a herringbone pattern. On face A, the lower (bigger) fragment depicts a waterbird with a massive body, a pointed tail, a long, curved neck with a tiny head, and a human-like leg and foot. Most probably, the figure represents a goose or perhaps a swan. The bird is turning to the left and it seems more than likely that there had been an antithetic counterpart on the lost right half of the stone’s lower image field. Face A of the head fragment features the towering stem of a simple ship depiction. On face B, only remains of the herringbone border are preserved. There is uncertain evidence of a horizontal border separating both image fields. On face B of the smaller fragment, however, there might be traces of a horizontal border (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular regarding eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dated to AD 500 to 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Alva St. Ringome to his so-called 'Stenstugruppe' (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the 'Rikvidetyp' – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed in pairs on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). As far as Alva St. Ringome is concerned, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu is the closest parallel, featuring a very similar type of bird, probably a comparable ship, as well as the same outline (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). The only suitable parallel to the herringbone pattern is GP 147 Halla Broa X. \n\nAlthough nothing more than the vessel’s stem is preserved, Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Alva St. Ringome to his group 2 ('enkel rigg'), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193",
"value_resource_id": 2193,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2193",
"display_title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0147.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildsten"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18, fig. 310; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Guber 2011, p. 110 cat. no. 2; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:1533"
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],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva 29:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva, Stora Ringome"
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],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC9427"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4544",
"value_resource_id": 4544,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4544",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0010",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0010_DEPTH.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Eke Formation (40%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nTvå fragment påträffades 1910 cirka 100 m öster om Stora Ringome, på östra sidan om gamla vägen mellan Hemse och Havdhem. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment (27.8 x 21 cm och 27.5 x 18,7 cm) av en dvärgbildsten (typ B) med bilder på båda sidorna. På sidan A en sjöfågel (gås eller svan) och en kantdekoration och på sidan B rester av en kantdekoration. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nFör vidare tolkning av sjöfågelmotivet se GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 551 Väskinde Butter och GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes.\n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "bird"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "neck"
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{
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"@value": "waterfowl"
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{
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"@value": "goose"
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{
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"@value": "tail"
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDfcqz1a_edTqryygcEgVMoAYzQRHXpt0t7_1B9ffT23P4?e=ODfhHW"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2059",
"o:title": "GP 12 Alva Gudings"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2193",
"o:title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
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"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
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"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I)",
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"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/158aea786bcac1155ad3d8a5a1504b64091818bb.jpg",
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"o:id": 3859
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"@value": "GP0106"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "K-Samsök",
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"@value": "The farm halfway between Västerbjärs and Medebys, at the road Gothem–Vallstena, which lies in Bäntebingels, Gothem parish (RAÄ Gothem 218:2). "
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"@value": "Bäntebingels, funnen i en äng vid ett nybygge. Enligt uppgift har runt stenen legat en ring av tresidiga gråstenskilar och runt det hela en stor ring av gråsten 25-30m."
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 48) gives the following information: “Picture stone that, according to information collected by Harald Hansson in 1914, was found three years earlier in an old meadow ground during construction on the farmstead belonging to Bentebingels that lies about halfway between Västerbjärs and Medebys, on the road Gothem–Vallstena. The stone had fallen and lay under the greensward. Around it, there is supposed to have been a ring of triangular boulders, which in turn was encircled by another, larger ring of boulders of 25–30 m in diameter.” About 30 years later, in 1941, another picture stone was found at the same location (GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2). "
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159",
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 5–7 cm thick. The obverse smoothed but uneven, the narrow sides hewn partly at a right angle, partly at an acute angle towards the obverse. A chamfer appears to have separated them from the obverse. The reverse is unworked. The stone’s total height 75 cm, 50 cm of which above the root. The width between the upper corners is 39 cm, at the narrowest point of the body 28.5 cm, at the base 35 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 49). The picture stone is completely preserved, including its triangular root. The surface is much weathered and features many fossil inclusions. "
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"property_label": "Height",
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "8"
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42, II, p. 49), only a few shallow lines remain due to severe weathering. He only provides a photo of the unpainted stone, on which indeed no remains of carvings can be discerned. An unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling from 1914 (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling), however, depicts parts of the border’s framing lines at the lateral edges, at the convex upper edge, and at the bottom of the lower image field. "
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],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and strongly pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns it to his Sojvidegruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 36–37), which is characterized by the shape described above and simple or no remaining decoration at all. The best parallel to Gothem Bentebingels (I) regarding its shape is GP 335 Rute Ala. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
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"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbaa7b84971f0b4a0c79edaf56b17d7a0b401af9.jpg",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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],
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 40; II, pp. 48–49. "
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],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
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"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:8790"
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],
"ai2:raaID": [
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"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Gothem 218:2"
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],
"ai2:slID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem, Bentebingels"
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFC2700"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4638",
"value_resource_id": 4638,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4638",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0106",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0106_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "75"
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],
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"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "coarse reef debris limestone"
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"property_label": "Geological Group",
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"@value": "Slite Group (30%)"
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1911 vid arbete på gården Bentebingels. Runt bildstenen ska ha funnits två cirklar av större stenar, den större ringen 25-30 m i diameter. 1941 påträffades på samma plats en annan bildsten GP 112 Gotland Bentebingels II. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 75 cm hög och som bredast 50 cm. Spår av kantdekor men inga bilder. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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{
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"@value": "6388809"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDzIxSC48zeRqmcCS4yFoKpATPk67DrbGTRbsV_pDuM97k?e=rd7EYB"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"o:title": "GP 84 Fole St. Tollby"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs",
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"o:created": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
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],
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],
"dcterms:title": [
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0107"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the property of the farm ʻVästerbjärs gårdʼ in Gothem parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem Västerbjärs"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is no information available about the find circumstances. The stone was discovered somewhere on the property of the farm ʻVästerbjärs gårdʼ in Gothem parish and delivered to Gotlands Museum in 1915. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone is completely preserved, including its massive, foot-like root. “Limestone slab, in the middle 8 cm thick, at the narrow sides 4 cm. Both broad sides are hewn and smoothed, albeit a bit uneven, and now badly weathered, as are the narrow sides. Whether narrow chamfers existed cannot be determined anymore with any certainty. Total length of the stone 95 cm, of which the height above the root is 69 cm; width between the upper corners 46.5 cm, in the middle of the body 32 cm, at the base 35 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 49). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "94"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "69"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "8"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 49) describes the remaining carvings in accordance with Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1918 (ibid. fig. 359–360; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling): “The decoration is executed in shallow lines, about half a centimetre wide. On one face, the field surrounded by the border, which includes (at least towards the bottom) a simplified ʻtwisted cordʼ pattern between double framing lines, is divided into two panels by an identically decorated horizontal bar slightly above half of the body’s height. In the upper panel, a watercraft can be seen, with steep, towering stems. The other face bore decoration as well, but little can be seen of it, apart from the framing lines of the border, which covered a larger proportion of the face’s surface than on the other side.” The geometricized twisted cord pattern appears raised, almost like bas-relief. Lindqvist only reproduces Sörling’s drawing of the stone. The current painting of the picture stone in the exhibition in Gotlands Museum, however, shows a stylized sail rising from the ship that corresponds to the one depicted on GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II. Early photos of the unpainted stone are kept in ATA (457:24; 457:65–66). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Gothem Västerbjärs to his Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. Suitable parallels to the Västerbjärs stone regarding shape and decoration are GP 96 Garda Smiss I and GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, dating to the Middle Vendel Period. Based on the reconstruction of the ship’s sail (see VI), Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 49–50, fig. 359–356; Varenius 1992, p. 63 fig. 17; Guber 2011, p. 120 cat. no. 21. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem, Västerbjärs"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC2925"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4639",
"value_resource_id": 4639,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4639",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0107",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0107_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "76"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid okänt tillfälle på marker tillhörande gården Västerbjärs, och överlämnades till Gotlands museum 1915. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 95 cm hög och som bredast 69 cm. Bildstenen har kantdekorer på båda sidorna, men bara på den ena sidan finns ett fartyg med segel på det övre av två bildfält. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waterfowl"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBTf26MhoQeQbX_2dJujytrAV4RC_gxSpSijYXCoS44Gas?e=Cmq2m1"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2071",
"o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2620",
"o:title": "GP 577 Anga Änggårda"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4639",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0107"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2159,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-08-26T08:30:15+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0112"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/b06751e4-14b0-441c-9211-4bb2bebbbde1",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The farm halfway between Västerbjärs and Medebys, at the road Gothem–Vallstena, which belongs to Bentebingels, Gothem parish (RAÄ Gothem 218:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gothem Bäntebingels"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "FUNNEN VID TRÄDGÅRDSARBETE PÅ NÅGOT MER ÄN ETT SPADTAGS DJUP, CIRKA 10 M. VÄSTER OM MANGÅRDSBYGGNADEN TILL DEN PORT, SOM ÄR BELÄGEN INVID OCH NORR OM NYBRO. BILDSTENEN FUNNEN VID BÄNTEBINGELS I GOTHEM. FÖR MER INFORMATION SE ORIGINALKAT.C. HNR. 9225."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was discovered in 1941 while gardening on the farm belonging to Bentebingels that lies about halfway between Västerbjärs and Medebys, on the road from Gothem to Vallstena. The find spot is situated close to the place where GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I) was found about 30 years before. The stone was lying barely below the ground surface. It was reported to Gotlands Museum immediately and transferred to Visby by M. Stenberger (ATA dnr 2738/41). The picture stone is unpublished, and a photo taken right after the discovery in 1941 is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2153",
"value_resource_id": 2153,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2153",
"display_title": "GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/158aea786bcac1155ad3d8a5a1504b64091818bb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0106.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small picture stone is almost completely preserved. The convex uppermost part of the monument is broken off but preserved, except for its right edge. The limestone slab is 85 cm high, its maximum width at the head is 40.5 cm, 32 cm in middle, and 38.5 cm just above the massive pedestal-like root. The slab is between 7.5 and 9 cm thick. The decorated surface had been smoothed, while the reverse is rough and unworked. The stone is a bit weathered; however, the carved lines are still discernible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "85"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Two horizontal borders consisting of rows of parallel lines are discernable, one at the bottom, just above the root, and the second one just beneath the neck. Thus, the horizontal lines divide the image field into a head part and a lower part. In the upper field, a simple ship image is largely preserved, featuring a canoe-like hull and towering stems, which are sharply bending inwards. The lower field appears to depict a St. Andrew’s cross. The arms of the cross are consisting of rows of about 5 parallel lines, similar to the horizontal borders. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Diagonal cross decoration, which is reminiscent of Christian symbolism, is also depicted on GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. It has been regarded influenced by Continental Christian iconography. See GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes for more detailed information and interpretation. Christian influence on Type B picture stones is also discussed in the cases of deer depictions (for more details see GP 551 Väskinde Butter) and the aquatic bird motif (for more details see GP 276 När Rikvide I). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. The best parallel regarding the shape is GP 335 Rute Ala. The diagonal cross decoration is comparable to GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes (see VII). The decoration consisting of parallel lines is unusual and without comparison. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
"value_resource_id": 2380,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Gothem 218:1"
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{
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2411",
"o:title": "GP 366 Stenkyrka kyrka VI"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2153",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159",
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T11:40:04+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4167",
"o:id": 4167
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"o:media": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4167",
"o:id": 4167
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4168",
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0113"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/c16a243d-e0c9-4e42-9e4c-fc01c92f6c77",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "In a grave on the churchyard. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Churchyard"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo Kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Påträffades omkr 1938 i en grav på kyrkogården."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo church, in a niche in the southern choir wall. "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Church"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ute"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Enl Fornreg: Runsten, fragment, sandsten, övre hälften (tredjedelen). 0,4 m h, 0,37-0, 48 m br och 8-10 cm tj. Påträffades omkr 1938 i en grav på kyrkog ården. Är numera placerad i nisch i S korväggen. G 37."
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was found in a grave on the churchyard c. 1928, or not later than that according to Lindqvist (1942, p. 50). It was taken care of by Erik Jacobsson. \n\nThe building year according to Strelow is 1090. Parts of the present church date to the 13th century, but Grötlingbo church includes reused façade reliefs of the 12th century, attributed to the workshop of master Sigraiv. The taxation list has the date 1199. The longhouse and choir from the 12th century were torn down and replaced by the middle of the 14th century (Stolt 2001, pp. 54–55; BeBR). Very little information can be found about the find circumstances of the stone, but there is an interesting note in Bebyggelseregistret that the churchyard was expanded to the north in 1928 (Stolt 2001, p. 16; BeBR). This might imply that the stone was found by the northern part of the church, which is particularly is interesting in view of the runic inscription, possibly indicating that the stone was raised in memory of a mother. The churchyards on Gotland in the Late Viking period were segregated according to sex, with men in the south and women in the north (Thunmark-Nylén 1989, p. 213; 1995, p. 162; Trotzig 1970; Staecker 1997a, pp. 203, 207f; 1997b, p. 67 ff; 2001, pp. 198 ff; Ljung 2016 II, p. 169). Fifteen more picture stones have been found in Grötlingbo parish, including the large cemetery at Barshaldershed and ranging from type A to E. At Roes, a small sandstone disk with a runic inscription in the older futhark has been found, GP 123 Grötlingbo Roes I (G 40). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2170",
"value_resource_id": 2170,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2170",
"display_title": "GP0123",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/27b9e2235c6848efcb1df6ca93f4e2a6bb79fbaa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0123.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone. Height 0,39 m, width 0,37–0, 48 m, thickness 0,08–0,10 m. Fragment, constituting the head of a runestone, the upper or third part of the stone (Fornsök). \n\nThe obverse is hewn flat. The narrow sides are dressed (with preserved tool marks preserved), slightly concave crosswise. Clear chamfers about 1 cm wide towards both broad sides. The reverse is raw but almost naturally flat, not hewn. The width of the head probably once was 48 cm (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 50; GR I, p. 49, G 37). \n\nThe decoration, which was confined to the hewn broad side, includes, along the edge, an inscription band, 3 cm wide and between two grooves, each 4 mm wide, 2 mm deep, and with a v-shaped profile. The runes are made of lines slightly narrower and shallower than these. Also in the panel are an animal’s head and a loop with curled end, both of which – like the rune band– first were defined by contour lines, but later generally appeared as raised figures after the background field had been chiselled down almost 2 mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 50). To the right, a piece has been broken off, causing loss of a part of the inscription. The inscription is deeply cut and generally clear, where it is not damaged. According to von Friesen, the varying and somewhat clumsy shapes of the runes indicate an unexperienced carver. Alternatively, according to Wessén, this may be due to the coarse-grained sandstone (GR I, p. 49). The impression is that the stone was abandoned in the middle of the carving process and that we see an intermediary stage when only parts of the relief carving had been completed. Tool marks can clearly be seen in the sunken surface of the relief, and we can see how the carver removed material section by section. \n\nJudging by a sequence of photos by A. Edle, the stone was painted in 1936. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "29"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "48"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone has the traditional mushroom-shaped form of a Gotland picture stone, with a rune band following the edge. The head and the tail meet in the middle. The runic animal can be classified as Pr 3 in A.-S. Gräslund’s style-chronological system (Gräslund 2002, p. 144). The research platform Runor presently includes eight runestones on Gotland in this group, most of them on the southern part of the island. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "According to Wessén, this type of monument most probably was produced as churchyard monuments (GR I, p. 50). Wessén indicates that in the setting of a churchyard, the stones did not need to be large in order to attract attention. He thought that they belonged to an early phase of Christianity. The shape is associated with the picture stone tradition, but the border ornament has been replaced by a rune band. Thus, the inscription has increased in importance as compared to the older picture stones. Dwarf stones of this type are most common on southern Gotland. Wessén quotes the following as parallels: GP 333–334 Rone kyrka (G 52–53), GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I (G 57), GP 231 Levide kyrka I (G 77), GP 480–481 Stånga kyrka I–II (G 86–87), GP 278 När Bosarve (G 92), GP 282 När Hallute (G 93), GP 279 När Mickelgårds (G 94), GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV (G 111), GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII (G 112), GP 22 Ardre kyrka III (G 113), GP 15–18 Ardre kyrka I, II, V and VI (G 114). However, as noted by Ljung, GP 15–18 is not a dwarf stone but a cist monument (Ljung 2016 I, p. 165 note 74). Several of these are made of sandstone (GRI, p. 50). Ljung calls attention to the similarities between the dwarf stones of Gotland to the early Christian grave monuments on Öland, for example the small size, the relief-carved ornament, and the dressed shape of the stone. However, there is a difference in that Gotland stones are more often carved on both broad sides, which is very unusual on Öland (Ljung 2016 I, pp. 165, 169). The purpose and situation of the dwarf stones need to be nuanced, as not all of them have been found in churchyard contexts. There might have been some variation, but as the stone GP 113 was found in connection with grave digging on the churchyard, it was probably raised there (Ljung 2016, pp. 166–167). This indicates that there was a churchyard in the 11th century, unless the stone was brought there from somewhere else (Press 1964). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2378",
"value_resource_id": 2378,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2378",
"display_title": "GP 333 Rone kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f9c1af30283ad9f3ca8be2d360cde91bbba0eede.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0333.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2379",
"value_resource_id": 2379,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2379",
"display_title": "GP 334 Rone kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b7112488ae59a0c55df3bd29c6bb59f9de90420f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0334.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2247",
"value_resource_id": 2247,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2247",
"display_title": "GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7e363a31b4af925aa183521b8d3f1ad193a83beb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0201.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2277",
"value_resource_id": 2277,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2277",
"display_title": "GP 231 Levide kyrka (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bbaaa3e73375598d2c389cd1c7422989ec64f0af.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0231.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2525",
"value_resource_id": 2525,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2525",
"display_title": "GP 480 Stånga kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/94898655e296ae72da37731232ef5bd745fafef5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0480O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2526",
"value_resource_id": 2526,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2526",
"display_title": "GP 481 Stånga kyrka II"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065",
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"display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg",
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"@value": "botuat(r) · ----(k) : heruþr : litu : stain : þena : (e)(f)… …uþ : (m)… …\n\nOld West Norse\nBóthvatr … Herrøðr létu stein þenna ep[tir] … m[óður] …\n\nRunic Swedish\nBothvatr … Hærrøðr letu stæin þenna æf[tiʀ] … m[oður] …\n\nEnglish\nBóthvatr … Herrøðr had this stone … in memory of … mother …\n\nSwedish\nBotvat … och(?) Härröd lät (resa) denna sten efter …, sin moder(?).\n\nQuote from Runor"
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPå kyrkogården \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nI kyrkan, i en nisch i korets sydvägg. \n\nDatering \nCa 1050-1080 e.Kr. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en bildstensformad runsten. På stenen syns ett rundjur med huvuvd och stjärt samt ett kantföljande runband med inskriften ”Botvat … och(?) Härröd lät (resa) denna sten efter …, sin moder(?).” Ristaren har påbörjat reliefhuggning av ornamentiken, men slutat innan den var klar. \n\nTolkning \nStenen var troligen avsedd att stå på kyrkogården. Kanske gick den sönder innan den var färdig, eftersom reliefhuggningen inte fullbordats. Stenhuggaren tycks ha avbrutits mitt i arbetsprocessen. \n\nLKÅ"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA-iDOUL1XjSJTZ4MX3hmP0ARfRIAlRNTYiLs9sHxkA5_w?e=YxYnPn"
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"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
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"o:owner": {
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 115 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 1",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8ad76fe49b5049638dc90ce6e2ad40facc148df3.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@value": "2026-04-21T11:40:58+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
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"o:id": 4172
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"o:media": [
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 115 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 1"
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0115"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The burial ground complex of Barshaldershed in Grötlingbo parish, in the area belonging to Uddvide. "
}
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Grave"
}
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo"
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo Barshaldershed, Uddvide 1:20"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Återfunnen i grav från 400-tal. Interimsarkivet"
}
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was found in the southern part of the large burial ground complex that is named after the region Barshaldershed (also Barshalder or Barshaldar) in Grötlingbo (and Fide) parish, in which it is located. This southern area belongs to Uddvide farm (Uddvide 1:20). The Uddvide cemetery (RAÄ Grötlingbo 1:1) is situated about 400 m southwest of the main part of the Barshaldershed necropolis. While the latter contains mainly graves from the Vendel and Viking Periods (more than 2000 visible grave constructions, thus representing one of the largest cemeteries on the island; Rundkvist 2003), the Uddvide site represents the Late Roman and Early Migration Period. It was excavated during the 1970s and 1980s, prompted by the expansion of the local sandstone quarry (Äijä 1977; 1979; 1980; RAÄ dnr 3.4.2-820-2015; ATA 321-2853-2001). \n\nThe picture stone fragment was found in 1979 placed in the inner stone kerb of a cairn, grave no. 2329. According to the excavator Karin Äijä (1980, p. 121), there were two fragments of a picture stone, but in her publication she presents only one of them (picture on p. 120). Also, in the book by Lamm/Nylén (2003, pp. 158–159) as well as in Lamm’s list (no. 380) only this one piece, apparently the upper part, i.e., the head of an early picture stone, is taken into account; there is no mention of another fragment, and no corresponding piece could be found in the storerooms of Gotlands Museum. Under the stone layer of the mound was an undisturbed cremation burial in a stone cist. It contained a silver rod, 2 brooches, 2 dress pins, a dress clasp, burnt copper alloy fragments, molten blue glass, a comb, and a stamp-decorated pot (Rundkvist 2012, p. 152). The grave goods date the burial to the 5th century (see IX). "
}
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment, which, remarkably, is made of sandstone (see IX), represents the upper part, i.e., the head of a small picture stone and is 35 cm high, 55 cm wide, and 14 thick. The top is somewhat convex, almost ogival, and the corners protrude somewhat. Part of the two lateral edges are preserved; the stone becomes narrower towards the bottom. A small piece at the top is broken off. The edges are not chamfered. The surface of the stone shows numerous traces of processing, i.e., tool marks, which can be described as herringbone patterns and are reminiscent of tool marks on medieval building stones. The fragment appears to preserve an early stage of manufacturing, just after the stonemason had straightened the surface with iron tools and chiselled away irregularities, but before the surface was polished in order to make it ready for decoration. This is a unique find. Apparently, the stone was considered unsuitable, possibly because it had broken during processing, and was therefore never finished and used in the grave construction instead – a waste slab from a stone carver’s workshop, recycled in a contemporary burial (Äijä 1980, p. 121). "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "57"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "36"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No decoration, only tool marks (see V). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretations"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Probably an early-type dwarf stone, “Abschnitt” A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating to the period between AD 400 and 600 – even if the shape of this stone is somewhat unusual. With the somewhat convex, almost pointed arched upper edge and protruding corners, the contour of the small monument is reminiscent of the shapes of Vendel period picture stones (type B). The special situation in which the fragment was found, integrated into the inner stone kerb of a Migration Period cairn, makes it possible to date the ʻpicture stoneʼ more precisely. The grave goods found in the stone cist include two well-preserved brooches, which can be dated to the 5th century (Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 158–159). Rundkvist assigns these late tapered-foot fibulae (type fibpoin2) to his phase GoD1a, to the beginning of the Migration Period and dates them to around AD 400 (2003 2, pp. 20, 28; 2012, p. 146). \n\nThe picture stone must therefore have been made around or before AD 400. If the excavator’s interpretation is correct and the stone, which was perhaps originally intended to be erected on top of the burial mound, had broken during manufacture and was therefore used directly in the stone construction as building material instead, the monument can only be marginally older than the burial itself. Thus, the dating of the stone confirms the dating of “Abschnitt” A to the 5th century, as established by Lindqvist on the basis of art historical considerations, i.e., comparisons with items decorated in the Sösdala and Sjörup styles (1941/1942 I, pp. 108–115). This conclusion is not compelling. The undecorated fragment of the ʻpicture stoneʼ could also have been incorporated into the grave construction a long time after its creation. AD 400 is a terminus ante quem. If the stone belongs to the 4th century, then it would be about as old as other worked sandstones from kerbs on this very burial ground, which feature similar chisel marks (Äijä 1980, p. 121). \n\nFurthermore, the material of the stone is remarkable. There are only a few more than 20 picture stones known which are made of sandstone, most of them Type E stones and only a few Type C stones. At least two Type A stones (Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 1 and GP 324 Unknown Find Spot, perhaps also GP 116 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 2) and some kerbstones (GP 236 Linde Duckarve) are made of sandstone as well. "
},
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2369",
"value_resource_id": 2369,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2369",
"display_title": "GP0324",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6ff4b0df1715105cc64f83820e73a011fc7146eb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0324.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2163",
"value_resource_id": 2163,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2163",
"display_title": "GP 116 Grötlingbo Uddvide"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2282",
"value_resource_id": 2282,
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{
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Incorporated into a stone enclosure on the property of the farm ʻRoes gårdʼ in Grötlingbo parish. "
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Private Property"
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{
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"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Grave-field"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo Roes"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Funnen på samma gravfält som nr II"
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"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo"
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"ai2:presentLocation": [
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"property_label": "Present Location",
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"@value": "Kattlunds open-air museum in Grötlingbo parish."
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context Present Location",
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"@value": "Ute. Kattlunds enligt Nylen 2003:184."
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The stone was found by the farmer O.V. Ohlson, incorporated into a stone enclosure, where he also discovered the picture stone fragments GP 125 Grötlingbo Roes IV and GP 126 Grötlingbo Roes V. The modern stone enclosure (tun) was located next to a stone mound (röse) on the property of the ʻRoes gårdʼ, south-west of the farmstead. The find spot is situated in the most northerly part of the large Late Iron Age necropolis of Barshalder (Rundkvist 2003). Ohlsen reported the finds to Gotlands Museum in 1934 (ATA 3321/34). After that, he moved them to his garden in Roes, where he kept them for several years. In 1940, the three stones were moved to the nearby medieval farmstead and open-air museum in Kattlunds, which is affiliated with Gotlands Museum (ATA 2993/40). "
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"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2172",
"value_resource_id": 2172,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2172",
"display_title": "GP 125 Grötlingbo Roes IV"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2173",
"value_resource_id": 2173,
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The limestone slab probably represents a formerly mushroom-shaped picture stone, including the root, the body, and the lower right edge and corner of the head. Most of the head, however, is broken off. The slab is 8.5 cm thick. Its total height is 83.5 cm, the width of the neck 44.4 cm, and the width of the base 50 cm (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 53). The stone is much weathered and eroded, its obverse partially flaked off. "
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "83,5"
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"@value": "50"
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"@value": "8,5"
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Only a row of 2 to 4 slightly raised triangles appears to be preserved, part of a horizontal border. Lindqvist reproduces a picture of the painted stone taken by M. Stenberger in 1940 (1941/42 II, fig. 363, cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 2440:38–39). "
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Probably mushroom-shaped late-type dwarf stone, Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” C/D or E. As almost no decoration is preserved on the monument, it can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century and around AD 1100. Lindqvist himself (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns it to “Abschnitt” C (probably due to the triangle pattern), which he dates to around AD 700. According to recent research, however, those monuments must be dated to between the 8th and the 10th century. Guber (2011, pp. 33, 121) regards the stone as a Type B monument, dating to AD 500 to 700, which is not quite convincing. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 52, fig. 363; Rundkvist 2003 1, pp. 37, 217; 2, p. 70; Guber 2011, p. 121 cat. no. 23. "
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo, Roes III"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4656",
"value_resource_id": 4656,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4656",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0124"
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "86"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades tillsammans med GP 125 Grötlingbo Roes IV och GP 126 Grötlingbo Roes V i en stengärdsgård vid ett röse på den nordligaste delen av gravfältet Barshaldershed, tillhörande gården Roes. Fyndet rapporterades till Gotlands museum 1934, och fördes 1940 till Kattlunds museigård, tillhörande Gotlands museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nKattlunds museigård, Grötlingbo, tillhörande Gotlands museum \n\nBeskrivning \nStörre delen av en liten svampformig bildsten (period CD eller E), bevarad höjd 83,5 cm, största bredd 50 cm. Stenen är mycket väderbiten och bara små spår av kantdekor är bevarad. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2172",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "701859"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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{
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4656",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0124"
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"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 125 Grötlingbo Roes IV",
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"o:created": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 125 Grötlingbo Roes IV"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0125"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Incorporated into a stone enclosure on the property of the farm ʻRoes gårdʼ in Grötlingbo parish. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
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{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Grötlingbo Roes"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
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"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen på samma gravfält som nr II"
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"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
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"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo"
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"ai2:presentLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kattlunds open-air museum in Grötlingbo parish."
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The stone was found by the farmer O.V. Ohlson, incorporated into a stone enclosure, where he also discovered the picture stone fragments GP 124 Grötlingbo Roes III and GP 126 Grötlingbo Roes V. The modern stone enclosure (tun) was located right next to a stone mound (röse) on the property of the ʻRoes gårdʼ, south-west of the farmstead. The find spot is situated in the most northerly part of the large Late Iron Age necropolis of Barshalder (Rundkvist 2003). Ohlsen reported the finds to Gotlands Museum in 1934 (ATA 3321/34). After that, he moved them to his garden in Roes, where he kept them for several years. In 1940, the three stones were moved to the nearby medieval farmstead and open-air museum in Kattlunds, which is affiliated with Gotlands Museum (ATA 2993/40). "
},
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"o:id": 2173
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"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
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"@value": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "GP0129"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
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"@value": "Agricultural field close to the farmstead ʻStenstuʼ in Hablingbo parish. "
}
],
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
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"@value": "Hablingbo Stenstugu"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Funnen på en åker ungefär 300-400 m väster om byn."
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_id": 332,
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The two fragments of a picture stone were found while ploughing, approximately 300 to 400 m west of the farmstead ʻStenstuʼ (i.e., ʻStenstuguʼ), and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm in 1920. More information is not available. "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The small picture stone is preserved in two fragments, one of them representing the monument’s complete head and a small part of the field below, and the second one representing the massive root, the base and the bottom part of the lower image field. Only one of the original edges is preserved on the second fragment; the other edge is broken off. The middle part of the stone, including a large part of the lower image field and the lateral edges is missing. Lindqvist notes: “Limestone slab, 3–5 cm thick. Both broad sides above the root smoothed by hewing, though not completely flat, the narrow sides hewn at right angles to it and separated from both broad sides by chamfers, that generally do not reach 1 cm width.” The carvings are well preserved. "
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "5"
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "As most of the carvings are very clear; they have not been painted (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 55–56, cf. ATA 462:2-3; 440:26). Nevertheless, some of the details described by Lindqvist can only be discerned on Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1920, which is not published in “Gotlands Bildsteine” but kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Lindqvist describes the decoration and their technique with particular detail (ibid. II, p. 57): “The bordering on both broad sides is formed by 3 mm wide grooves of 1–2 mm depth and with almost flat bases. They obviously were carved by means of a 3 mm wide chisel that was set to the stone surface transversely and then little by little was moved in the direction of the grooves. Some of the contours of the figures in the fields were produced in the same manner, but at several places, the chisel had been put down at an oblique angle at the cutting edge, so that merely that edge that is facing the figure was cut deep enough to produce a sharp ledge. As a consequence of the method just described, the masts of the vessels, for example, appear to rise up from the sunken background field. Only exceptionally have large areas of the large background fields been chiselled, such as in the areas between the birds’ bellies and feet. \n\nApart from the borders with a simplified twisted cord patterns and unusually wide horizontal borders with zigzag patterns along the base, the imagery on Face A, the field of which is divided in two at about half way up the body by a horizontal border, includes: in the upper panel, a watercraft with towering stems, a rudder on its starboard side, and a tabular sail, and in the lower panel, remains of two waterfowl facing each other; on the other broad side, at the very top, a watercraft like the preceding one, but with the rudder on its port side, as well as four pointed figures rising up from the railing, at the very bottom, remains of two waterfowl facing each other.” "
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular regarding eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
},
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with convex head and pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Hablingbo Stenstu was the name-given for Lindqvist’s so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field of the stone and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). As far as GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu is concerned, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome is the best match, featuring a very similar type of bird, probably a comparable ship, as well as the same outline (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). \n\nVarenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Hablingbo Stenstu to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. In Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, however, the shape of the stone corresponds to his type dwarf2, dating to the early Vendel Period. "
},
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37–38, 40, 66, fig. 55–56; II, p. 57; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, figs. 21–22; Guber 2011, p. 123 cat. no. 28; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 168, pl. 2f. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Hablingbo, Stenstu"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4661",
"value_resource_id": 4661,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0129",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129B_RGB.nxz",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"ai2:shmID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "16510"
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],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nTvå fragment av en bildsten påträffades vid plöjning cirka 300-400 m väster om gården Stenstu. Fragmenten överlämnade till Statens historiska museum 1920. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en liten bildsten (period B). Bildstenen har två bildfält på båda sidorna. I båda de övre bildfälten ett fartyg med segel, och i båda de nedre fälten två motställda sjöfåglar. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nDe motställda sjöfåglarna kan ha influerats av kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "mast"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "bird"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rudder"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waterfowl"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "torso"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCDuF2BdsKPQpiwLkreaR42AX5FXMTV0NCa4NYgP3kfCvo?e=IQl3Jo"
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],
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2176",
"o:title": "GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2177",
"o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4661",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0129"
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]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060",
"@type": [
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"o:id": 2060,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve",
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"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:07+00:00",
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"@value": "2026-04-21T09:37:10+00:00",
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"o:site": [
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"@value": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0013"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "On a property called ʻBopparveʼ in Alva parish, owned by Alva prästgården."
}
],
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "\"Funnen ca 10 m öster om skiftesväg mellan St kruse och Änge i Alva på skiftet Bopparve\" (Lindqvist 1962:17)"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "According to Lindqvistʼs brief report (1962, p. 17), the stone was discovered by the farmer Tryggve Stumle from Alva around 10 m east of a farm road between St. Kruse and Änge in Alva parish, on a property called ʻBopparveʼ, and donated to Gotlands Museum in 1958. ʻBopparveʼ is a field name, not a name of a farmstead. The land is owned by Alva prästgården. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "Remarkably, the picture stone is made of sandstone, which is of poor quality (Lindqvist 1962, p. 17). The thickness of the slab is 6–8 cm at the bottom and about 4 cm at the top. The width of the monument is 47 cm both between the corners of the head and at the stone’s base. Its height is 59 cm between the lower edge of the image field and the top of the stone, and 74 cm including the preserved left-hand corner of the root. Most of the root as well as a very small part of lower right-hand corner of the image field are broken off. The obverse has many natural pits and grime, and shows traces of weathering (ibid.). However, most of the bas-relief carvings are still discernible. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "74"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "47"
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "4-8"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Sandstone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint and described by Lindqvist (1962, p. 17–19). Remains of the border decoration, which is 6–8 cm wide, are partly discernable, however, Lindqvist did not dare to reconstruct it. The image field depicts a sailing ship with towering stems and a slightly curved keel line. The ship’s hull is filling the lower half of the stone, while the sail is placed in the head field of the stone. The rectangular, framed sail features a rhombic pattern with carved and raised fields alternating. Three crewmen with round shields are placed on board of the vessel. The man right of the mast lacks clear contours, but the profiles of the other two men, left of the mast, with long hair and profiled faces, are quite clear. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1962, p. 17) regards the dwarf stone as an ʻAbschnitt Cʼ monument, dating it to around AD 700. In Jan Peder Lamm’s list, however, it is labelled as Middle Type (Type B) picture stone, which suggests a date of AD 500 to 700 (which is adopted by Guber 2011, pp. 50, 110), while in the text of the same book written by Erik Nylén, it is dated to AD 700 to 800 (Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 137, 180). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on the Bopparve stone to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. According to Imer (2004, pp. 97–98, 104), the stone must be dated earlier than other Type C/D stones, presumably to the early 8th century. \n\nOehrl regards the stone (as well as GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje) as a late Type B stone, perhaps representing a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dated to the 8th century or even later (2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227). However, the only features in common with Type B are the small size of the stone and the lack of separation of the image field. There is hardly any reason to categorize mushroom-shaped stones as other than Type C/D stones, as they feature typical Late Type imagery and can thus be dated to the 8th to 10th centuries. "
},
{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126",
"value_resource_id": 2126,
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"display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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{
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"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1962, pp. 17–19, fig. 9; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 136–137; Imer 2004, pp. 97–98, 104, fig. 3; Guber 2011, pp. 50, 110 cat. no. 1; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227–228, 231, pls. 2i, 275b. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFC10126"
}
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"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4547",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0013",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0013_RGB.nxz",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "9"
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"ai2:limestoneType": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
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"@value": "crinoid limestone"
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"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
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"@value": "Hemse Group (40%)"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på ägan Bopparve, som tillhör Alva prästgård. Stenen donerades till Gotlands museum 1958 av upphittaren. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nUtställd i Bildstenshallen på Gotlands museum. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten av sandsten (sen period B), 59 cm hög och största bredd 47 cm. Stenen är väderbiten, men ett skepp med segel och tre besättningsmän med runda sköldar kan urskiljas, liksom spår av kantdekor. \n\nStor svampformig bildsten (period CD), 3,25 m hög och största bredd 1,75 m. På nedre delen av bildstenen vågor, ett stort skepp med segel, en stående besättning med sköldar och spjut stående i aktern. Under styråran en symbol med tre trianglar. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör övergångsperioden B-C/D, troligen från 700-talet, kanske senare. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "ship"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sail"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "shield"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "long hair"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "696536"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB7hcwbP4fCRpgvzuWt21isAQs6SJK2KVqO7OE2PyIGIMo?e=D8cGci"
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],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2059",
"o:title": "GP 12 Alva Gudings"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2126",
"o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203",
"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212",
"o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4547",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0013"
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2177",
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"o:id": 2177,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)",
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/e39eba677a011aa4ddcc099a1b96052d939a87f9.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e39eba677a011aa4ddcc099a1b96052d939a87f9.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:10+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T11:50:46+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4185",
"o:id": 4185
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"o:media": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4185",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4186",
"o:id": 4186
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4187",
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"o:site": [
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"@value": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0131"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/3f6229ef-9861-4cdb-87b4-6cb44a4e242e",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Hablingbo churchyard, 1 m from the nave’s south wall. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Churchyard"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1799 stående på kyrkogården vinkelrätt mot långskeppets södra mur ungefär 1 meter från muren. 1920 överflyttad till kyrkans västra del, tornets nedersta våning."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo"
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],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo church, in the tower. "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Church"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "I Kyrkan"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Står troligen nu i kyrkan"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone and its find circumstances are treated in Gotlands runinskrifter (GR I, see G 59). The picture stone was positioned in the cemetery both during Hilfeling’s time and later, at right angles to the nave’s south wall, at a distance of almost 1 m, with the more richly decorated side facing west (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. II: 52; GR I, p. 77). It is known that the stone was standing to the south of the church, 1 m from the wall, before 1799 and until 1920. On a drawing by Pehr Arvid Säve, the stone can be seen standing beside the church wall (Säve 1864, p. 156). P. A. Säve also wrote in his travel account that the stone was damaged by time and weather, as it was loose grained and crumbly, and therefore the figures and the inscription are rather obscure (Säve 1864, p. 159). Carl Säve described in 1845 that the stone seems to have suffered (Säve 1852, p. 193). On photos by Gabriel Gustafsson, the stone appears to be still standing in the spot where it first was recorded. Sune Lindqvist thought that it was standing in situ, but Elias Wessén doubted it. Wessén was of the opinion that it would have been cumbersome to have the stone so close to the church, both during the church building in 1350 and when the earlier church was built (GR I, p. 81). In 1920, the stone was transferred to the west part of the church (the tower’s basement). The reason was partly that the stone was badly exposed to the roof drip, but also because it was cumbersome at funerals and other activities (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. II: 52; GR I, p. 77). Otto von Friesen inspected the stone together with pharmacist Hamner in July 1923, and made some notes on the runic inscription and its damage (Friesen 1923). \n\nIn 1988, another runic picture stone was found in the churchyard, GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2 (Gustavson et. al. 1990; G 370). The stone GP 131 was moved 2.5 metres to the west in the tower to make room for the new stone, GP 130, which was placed on the same spot as where the first stone had stood. The stones were placed with the pictorial scenes vis-à-vis each other, so as not to obscure the sight of the ship carving and a painting on the church wall (ATA 07347 89-11-29). In Hablingbo parish, an additional nine picture stones are known, including A-stones, a B-stone and kerbstones (GP 129, GP 132–139). \n\nThe first stone church was probably built c. 1170–1229. Only the tower and the northern portal remain of this church. The present chancel and the ship were built in 1350 (BeBR). Planks with carved ornament are preserved, possibly from an older wooden church (SHM; Norderäng/Widerström 2017, p. 5). In 2017, a small archaeological investigation was undertaken in the church, but the presence of an earlier wooden church could not be confirmed (Norderäng/Widerström 2017, p. 11). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2176",
"value_resource_id": 2176,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2176",
"display_title": "GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2",
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"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
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"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2179",
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"display_title": "GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II",
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"display_title": "GP 134 Hablingbo Havor III",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2181",
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"display_title": "GP 135 Hablingbo Havor IV",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2182",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2182",
"display_title": "GP 136 Hablingbo Havor V",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2183",
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"display_title": "GP 137 Hablingbo Havor VI",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2184",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2184",
"display_title": "GP 138 Hablingbo Havor VII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2185",
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Height 102 cm, largest width 96 cm. The stone slab is 15 cm thick at the base and 10 cm thick at the top. Limestone slab. The material is grainy and prone to decomposing. The pictures and the runic inscription are badly damaged by weathering; the backside with the ship is in worse condition than the front side with the runic inscription. \n\nFace A, with the runic inscription and the serpents, is smooth and judging from several, particularly well-preserved areas, had been carefully polished. Face B, the reverse, is smooth, probably polished as well, but now more severely weathered than A. The edges are hewn flat at right angles towards the broad sides and have rounded edges (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 52–53). \n\nThe decoration on both broad sides is executed with chiselled lines and smooth background fields that had been sunk about 5 mm deep. The dots of the runic inscription and the eyes of the horseman and the horse are formed by conically drilled holes (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 53). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "102"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "96"
}
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Runic picture stone. The pictures consist of an equestrian, a runic serpent and a ship with crew. Lindqvist described the motifs as follows: \n\n“Obverse: The border is constituted by two ribbon animals with head, foreleg, and tail that are linked by slipknots at the necks and tails. From the necks, trifurcated and richly twisted crests are extended. In the panel above the horizontal bar, which is located at the picture stone’s neck and designed as a two-stranded band pattern, a horseman can be seen, with his spear held horizontally and a shield(?), on a horse with long and wide tail (and only four feet). The horseman’s calves and feet reach down below the horse’s belly, one of the legs behind the other, but most of the leg at the back is now flaked off above the foot. A woman proffering a horn turns towards the horseman. Below the horn, there is an indistinct figure with a ring-shaped top that probably is standing on its horizontal bottom edge, albeit slightly above the floor line; as Liljegren assumed, this object in all probability is a basket. To the extreme right and left, a triangular shape stands at the edge of the border” (Lindqvist, 1941/42, pp. II, p. 53). \n\n“Reverse: Inside the border, which now is almost completely destroyed by weathering, a ship with broad, square sail, from the lower edge of which hang down presumably six sheet ropes, each held by a crewman. The six men wear pointed headgear and knee-length tunics and stand with their feet on the railing. The ship’s hull is decorated with wedge-shaped motifs. At the stern, a rudder can be seen that is drawn as if it was attached to the port side. The stern is rounded smoothly; both stems likely were long and rounded” (Lindqvist, 1941/42, p. II: 53). \n\nErik Nylén called the style with two symmetrically arranged serpents Gotlandic runestone-style [Sw. gotländsk runstensstil], which in addition to the Hablingbo stone included Stånga kyrka I, Ekeby, Ardre VII, Ardre V and Ardre VI (Nylén 1972). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "The first known drawing was made by C. G. Hilfeling in 1799, who drew in detail the runic serpent with the interlaced tendrils behind their necks. However, Hilfeling did not recognize that there is a ship on the stone, and he interpreted the carving of the mast and its beam as a cross (Hilfeling [1799] 1994, p. 186). \n\nFace A, with the serpent and the runic inscription, appears to feature a “Welcoming scene” at the top. Similar scenes, featuring a rider welcomed by a woman with a drinking horn, are found on several other picture stones and are most often interpreted as the greeting of a warrior into Valhalla, see, e.g., GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I. The Welcoming scene is less frequent on E-stones but can be identified on two other 11th-century picture stones of type E, on GP 278 När Bosarve and GP 71 Ekeby church (Ney 2012, p.74, p. 81). However, the Welcoming scene on the latter stone differs in featuring a person in a wagon, not an equestrian. The motif with the Welcoming scene has been extensively discussed in relation to picture stones as well as other objects. Ultimately, this motif seems to hark back to classical models (Oehrl, 2020c, p. 128). \n\nOn the stone in Hablingbo, between the figure with the drinking horn and the horse, there is an object that several scholars have interpreted as a basket (Lindqvist 1933, pp. 98–100; 1945, p. 123). The “basket” is clearly visible on the 3D-images. \n\nOscar Montelius mentions the Hablingbo stone as an example in a chapter about spiritual matters in heathen times (Montelius 1875–1877, p. 336). George Stephens suggested that the scene depicted “the arrival of a fallen Sea-king — summoned and chosen by Woden, and mounted on his war-steed, which had been buried with him — to the Halls of Walhall, one of the Heavenly Nymphs (the Walkyries) welcoming him thither with a Horn of Mead?” (quotation in GR I, pp. 79–80). Several scholars agreed with Stephens, as did Hans Hildebrand, Henrik Schück and Lindqvist, although they discussed whether the rider should be interpreted as Óðinn or as a deceased man, and whether the greeting woman was a death goddess or a valkyrie (Hildebrand 1881, pp. 21–22; Schück 1926, pp. 163–164; Lindqvist 1933, pp. 98–100; 1945, p. 123; GR I, p. 80). Alexander Bugge indicated that the dead warrior arrived in Valhalla on Óðinn’s eight-legged horse Sleipner and was greated by a Valkyrie (Bugge 1905, p. 323). \n\nOn the other side of the stone, Face B, there is ship with crew, which is the most common motif on the Gotland picture stones. For the interpretation of the ship motif on late type picture stones, see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. The horseman and ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead. \n\nBoth P. A. Säve in his drawing from 1864 and Olof Sörling in his drawing discerned people standing on the hull holding sheets in their hands. In Säve’s drawing, there seems to be a weathervane at the top of the mast. Lindqvist suggests that this motif is a reminder of the occupation of the deceased as both warrior and merchant, but that the motif might also have had a deep symbolic meaning (Lindqvist 1933, p. 100; cf GR I, p. 81). \n\nThe Welcoming scene and the ship motif are traditional on picture stones of type C and D. E-stones are often dominated by the runic serpent and a cross, but there are a few runic picture stones where the 11th-century runic inscription along the edge were combined with traditional picture stone motifs. In this case, it has led to some discussion about the religious status of the sponsor and the commemorated. As the stone had been placed standing so close to the church, Carl Säve thought that it is a Christian monument (Säve 1852, p. 193). Lindqvist agreed and indicated that although the motifs on this stone seemed to be heathen, the stone had been produced in Christian times, perhaps for a sponsor who was a bit half-hearted in his Christian faith. Lindqvist indicated that the placement by the church was an argument for this (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. II: 53). Wessén disagreed, thinking that the motifs were purely heathen, lacking all Christian symbols and words, and that the stone probably had been moved from another location (GRI, p. 81). In later research, it is more seldomly argued with a strict distinction between heathen and Christian motifs, as it is recognized that traditional motifs can be reinterpreted and reconciled with the new faith. \n\nC. Säve (Säve 1845, pp. 92–93; 1852, pp. 193–194), and later Wessén, further point out that the stone is reminiscent of the stone GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide. Wessén indicated that the Hablingbo stone could be interpreted in the light of the Tjängvide stone, where the equestrian and the ship are on the same side, while they have been distributed on different sides on the Hablingbo stone (GR I, p. 79). Hugo Pipping called attention to the cross beam without runes serving as the lower border for a field of figures and mentioned the Tjängvide stone as a parallel (Pipping 1901, pp. 34, note 1). \n\nWith its limited height, the stone can be considered a dwarf stone, i.e., belonging to subgroup b of Lindqvist’s type E. Cecilia Ljung compared these monuments to early Christian grave monuments on Öland. The early Christian grave monuments on Öland have similarities with the dwarf stones of type E-monuments on Gotland in their small size, the dressed shape and the ornament cut in relief, but unlike the stones on Öland, several of the Gotland stones are carved on both sides (Ljung 2016, p. 165). Ljung sees structural similarities between the late picture stone tradition on Gotland and the runestone tradition on Öland and in the Mälar basin: the rune-carved monuments in church contexts tend to be small, erected stones with dressed shape, on Öland and Gotland with ornament in relief. Another similarity is that they can be raised in the landscape as well as in a churchyard (Ljung 2016, p. 169). The late picture stones have been discussed in relation to the churchyard finds and the varied burial customs on Gotland during the missionary period (Ljung 2016, p. 170; Ljung 2020, p. 172). \n\nThe stone was 3D-scanned in 2013 as part of a research project at Swedish National Heritage Board. The data was included in a study aiming at a comparison of the carving techniques on Gotland and the Swedish mainland (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2019). \nLKÅ"
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2141",
"display_title": "GP0094",
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"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2118",
"value_resource_id": 2118,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2118",
"display_title": "GP 71 Ekeby kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/188416b7ba05e5a9914c8205b92d0fd69eb864f7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Ekeby_foto_kyrka_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_kyrka_original_c.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E. Runic picture stone with mushroom or key-hole shape. The stone can be described as a runestone hewn into the traditional shape of a picture stone, or as a runic picture stone (Gustavson 2012, p. 107). The ornament can be classified as style group Pr3 according to the style-chronological system by Anne-Sofie Gräslund, indicating the date c. 1045–1075 (Gräslund 2006, p. 126). \n\nThorgunn Snædal divided the runic picture stones (type E) into two groups. According to Snædal, the Hablingbo stone belongs to the so-called Ardre-group, i.e., sepulchral monuments with an runic inscription along the edge and with pictorial and decorative elements in the middle (Snædal 2002, p.67; cf. Gustavson 2012, p. 113). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildsten med runinskrift, G 59."
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "· hlkaiʀ · auk · frusti · a-(k) · atli · (þ)… … · heftiʀ in…- · iþiuf… …ku-n ·\n\nOld West Norse\nHallgeirr/Heilgeirr ok Frosti ok Atli(?) þ[eir](?) … eptir … … …\n\nRunic Swedish\nHallgæiʀʀ/Hæilgæiʀʀ ok Frosti ok Atli(?) þ[æiʀ](?) … æftiʀ … … …\n\nEnglish\nHallgeirr/Heilgeirr and Frosti and Atli(?), they(?) … in memory of …\n\nSwedish\nHallgair och Froste och Atle(?) de(?) … efter …\n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "One of the sponsors is named either Hailgair or Hallgair. As mentioned above, the runestone GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2 (G 370) found on the churchyard in 1988, was raised by Vatar and Hailgair; hence there is a possibility – but far from certain – that one of the sponsors took part in both stones (Snædal 2002, p. 68). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2176",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2176",
"display_title": "GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67afb3c25ee680b371d8fde99e68c393a95036bb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0130.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hilfeling 1799, p. 186; Liljegren 1833, p. 177; Säve, P. A. 1863, p. 213; 1864, pp. 158–159; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, Fig. 182–183; 223; II pp. 52–53, Fig. 368–369; GR I, G 59; Snædal 2002, p. 68. "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:1399"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo 56:1"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo, Kirche"
}
],
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{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4663",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nKyrkogården, 1 m från kyrkans södra långhusvägg. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nInne i kyrkans torn, bottenvåningen. \n\nDatering \nSen vikingatid, c. 1045-1075 e.Kr. \n\nBeskrivning \nBildstensformad runsten. På framsidan finns två motställda rundjur, vars svansar möts upptill på stenen. I rundjurens kroppar finns en runinskrift. Inskriften är skadad, men det har av allt att döma varit en traditionell minnesinskrift från 1000-talet. I övre delen av stenen ser en ryttare med lans som möts av en person med ett dryckeshorn. Mellan dem står ett föremål som liknar en korg. På den andra sidan finns ett skeppsmotiv, med en besättning som tycks hålla i skotrep. \n\nInskrift: Hallgair och Froste och Atle(?) de(?) … efter … \n\nTolkning \nDenna sten är speciell eftersom den är en kombination av runstensornamentik och traditionella bildstensmotiv, samt för att den har bildristningar på båda sidorna. Välkomstmotivet med en ryttare som möts av en kvinna med dryckeshorn tolkas oftast som en avliden person som anländer till Valhall. Skeppet kan visa något från den avlidnes liv eller vara en del av resan till Valhall. Välkomstmotivet och skeppet brukar vara på samma ristningsyta, men här har de delats upp stenens två sidor. Stenen kan ha varit ett gravmonument och från början varit rest vid en äldre kyrka. \n\nLKÅ"
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"@value": "The cemetery of Havor lies in the southern part of Gotland, on the southern banks of the former lake and later moorland of Mästermyr, on the northern outskirts of Hablingbo parish, some kilometres east of the western shore of Gotland. The area, which today is widely forested, stretches around 750 meters from east-northeast to west-southwest on a gravel ridge. Around 260 of approximately 370 registered graves were excavated, dating from the Pre-Roman Iron Age to the late Viking Age, with a hiatus in the late Vendel Period and the Early Viking Age (Nylén 1955, pp. 61–64; Toplak, in press). The north-eastern and probably oldest part of the cemetery was heavily disturbed by gravel extraction from the middle of the 19th century onwards, which led to the discovery of the picture stone GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and the extent as well as the original number of burials in this area remain uncertain. Some smaller groups of graves can be found at the southwestern periphery of the cemetery, either constituting the outer edges of the burial area or belonging to separate cemeteries. The cemetery at Havor is part of a unique complex with an uninterrupted continuity of settlement from the late Bronze Age to the late Viking Age (Manneke 2005; Manneke et al. 2013). Approximately 800 meters east of the cemetery lie a ringfort, several buildings with stone foundations as well as the remains of further settlements in the immediately surrounding area. The ringfort was built no later than the end of the Pre-Roman Iron Age and was used in several phases at least until the end of the Migration Period as a meeting place and arena for socio-political or religious activities. Remains of settlements north of the ringfort can be dated back to the late Bronze Age or early Iron Age and are therefore slightly older than the earliest burials from the Pre-Roman Iron Age in the cemetery. Several stone foundations south of the ringfort and the rich finds from settlements, graves and the ringfort – such as Roman imports or golden jewellery and especially a unique hoard with a golden neck ring (Nylén 1962; 2005) – bear witness to the great regional significance of Havor as a socio-political or religious central place in the Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period. Following a decline of Havor in the Vendel Period, the late Viking Age burials attest a revival of the local society, probably due to increasing trading activities, but also a significant return to older traditions such as the re-use of older graves or the incorporation of picture stones in burials (Toplak 2022; in press). \n\nThe picture stone was found during the excavation of the cemetery of Havor in 1886. It was discovered in a late Viking Age grave (grave No. 191) where it was re-used as grave slab together with six partly fragmented picture stones (GP 133, 135–138 Hablingbo Havor II, IV–VII; the seventh stone is missing), similar to several other picture stones on Gotlandic Viking Age cemeteries (see Burström 1996; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III, pp. 582–584; Rundkvist 2012; Toplak 2022; Oehrl/Toplak, in press). The grave – a shallow burial mound with the inhumation of a male gendered individual with the head to the south – was located in a separated group of late Viking Age burials in the western area of the cemetery (see Toplak 2022). The deceased was buried in a supine position with dress accessories including two penannular brooches and a belt with eastern-type belt mounts as well as a knife, a comb, a fire striker, a clay pot and a large bronze bowl, which was probably imported to Gotland from the Frankish realm (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV, p. 302; Toplak 2022, in press). The seven limestone slabs (labelled A–F by Gustafson) were arranged as a cover slab, based on two 3,3 m long rows of eight and nine fieldstones respectively that framed the 0,4–0,5-m broad burial pit. The obverses of the picture stones were facing downwards towards the burial. According to a rough sketch of the grave slab in situ, made by Gustafson during the excavation, the picture stone Hablingbo Havor III (stone G according to Gustafson’s designation) was part of the northern end of the grave slab above the northeastern foot end of the grave. \n\nAll seven picture stones were re-erected in the vicinity of the grave after the end of the excavation season in 1886. Five picture stones, GP 134–138 Hablingbo Havor III–VII, from grave 191 were moved from their location in the cemetery in Nilsson’s Träskhage (marshy pasture) to the Swedish History Museum in Stockholm as early as 1918 during a visit by Fredrik Nordin, while the picture stone GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II remained in the cemetery. According to an anonymous source, one of the stones was accidentally smashed during the removal of the stones. Parts of this stone are said to have lain behind a cattle shed for a long time. It can be assumed that this was Gustafson’s stone F from grave 191, which had already been excavated in two pieces in 1886. It is possible that stone F – i.e. GP 568 Hablingbo Havor (IX) – was an undecorated limestone slab or a picture stone that had already been ‘blind’ (smooth with no images visible) in the Viking Age, since according to the excavation report stone F was the only stone to have lain with the ‘best side’ (i.e. the smooth side) facing upwards, while the visible carvings on all the other stones were facing downwards towards the burial. This could explain why the fragmented stone had not been taken to Stockholm and has never been inventoried (Toplak, in press). \n\nMT\n"
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 10.5 cm thick. The obverse possibly is hewn flat above the naturally smooth root; the vertical sides, perhaps differentiated by chamfers, are hewn flat at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse is rough. The completely preserved root is lacking any traces of the far-advanced flaking and other effects of weathering that have affected the larger part of the body, the upper portion of which is lost. The stone’s current height is 82 cm, of which slightly more than 50 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. The width is 46 cm at the base, 50 cm at the very top.” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 55). Although the uppermost part of the picture stone is missing, the picture stone Hablingbo Havor III shows a similar long, narrow form with a slightly flared, convex upper narrow side as the picture stone GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, but in much smaller proportions. \n\nMT\n"
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"@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 55–56) the picture stone Hablingbo Havor III is decorated with chiselled lines up to 2 mm deep and 3 mm wide. Along the broad sides two approximately 5 mm wide grooves can be identified. In the centre of the obverse, the lower half of a whorl rosette of 24 cm diameter is visible, similar to the central motif on the picture stone GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I. The whorl rosette is divided up into crescent-shaped fields, every second of which has been chiselled slightly more than 1 mm deep. \n\nMT\n"
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"@value": "The whorl rosette can be interpreted as a symbol of the sun (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 120, 124–125). More elaborate information on the possible interpretation of whorl motifs as sun symbols and the iconography of the Type A picture stones is available in the article on GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV. \n\nMT\n"
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 28; II, pp. 55–56, fig. 367, 370; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III, p. 583; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 151, table 2, 152; Toplak, in press. "
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"o:title": "GP 586 Hablingbo Havor (IX)"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
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"@value": "Funnen tilsammans med Broa VIII & IX samt inventarienummer GF 1679-1702 & 1704-1710. Funnen på \"Branden\" vid nybyggnation"
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"property_id": 332,
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N-S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’ graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\n“Found by the butcher Petterson during construction of his new house on the so-called ʻBrandenʼ, together with [Halla Broa] VIII and IX as well as 24 limestone balls [gravklot] (GF 1679–1702) and several other antiquities (GF 1704–1710)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), west of the road to Viklau, south of the railway line, in an area belonging to the farmstead Möllbos gård (not Broa/Broe). Information about the find year is not available. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 4 to 6 cm thick above the root, which is up to 9 cm thick. Both broad sides are hewn, partially convex; the root is considerably rougher and less worked than indicated by the drawing. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the broad sides, with chamfers of about 1 cm width in between. Height 77 cm, 54 cm of which above the base. Width 44 cm between the upper corners, 29 cm at the base” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62–63). The stone is completely preserved, including the massive, pedestal-like root, which is a typical feature of Lindqvist’s Abschnitt B. The carved obverse and reverse are in good condition, there are only minor cracks and scratches on both sides. The decoration is clearly visible. "
}
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "80"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The decoration is executed on both faces in deep and clear lines. The field is surrounded by a border with a simplified twisted cord pattern [which looks like a simple step pattern] and divided into two panels by a horizontal border. The lower panel contains a waterfowl, the upper one a vessel with steep, towering stems; basically, the imagery on both faces is identical. Only on one face, the ship appears to have had a mast (and a sail?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). The water bird has a massive body, a pointed tail, a long erect neck with a tiny head and a pair of short human-like legs and feet. Most probably, the figure represents a goose or perhaps a swan. "
}
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or facing pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular, regarding eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
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"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
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"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with almost semi-circular head and slightly downward-pointing corner edges. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. \n\nHalla Broa VII is a typical representative of Lindqvist’s so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by a border decoration consisting of a simple step pattern (simplified twisted cord) as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. However, Lindqvist does not only assign stones with bird depictions to the Stenstugruppe. GP 143 Halla Broa I, for instance, belonging to this group as well, is a good parallel to Halla Broa VII regarding the outline, the border pattern and the vessel, however, with a deer- or horse-like quadruped instead of a bird. GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 160 Halla Broa X, to name two more examples, do not feature any depiction on the lower field at all, yet they are counted among the Stenstugruppe. \n\nThe currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). Garda Smiss I is the best match to Halla Broa VII, featuring a very similar design. "
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206",
"value_resource_id": 2206,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2206",
"display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B, dubbelsidig."
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, 116, figs. 59–60; II, pp. 62–63, figs. 388–389; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 43; Guber 2011, pp. 53, 125 cat. no. 31; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168 "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa VII"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1676"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4674",
"value_resource_id": 4674,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4674",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0142",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "107"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid ett husbygge på ett område som tillhörde gården Möllbos, nära järnåldersgravfältet vid Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 77 x 44 cm, dekorerad på båda sidor i två fält. I det övre fältet på båda sidor ett skepp, på den ena sidan även med mast. I det nedre fältet på båda sidor en sjöfågel (gås eller svan?). \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen entydig tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waterfowl"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "tail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "head"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "legs"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "feet"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "goose"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "swan"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCSSlw7vJuqSbOAi5Ghr5ReAf-TLqUR8RUvwYsxX1bgxXU?e=hMMshz"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2115",
"o:title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113",
"o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2337",
"o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2319",
"o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2374",
"o:title": "GP 329 Roma klosterruin"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192",
"o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195",
"o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4674",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0142"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2189,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:00:34+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194",
"o:id": 4194
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4194",
"o:id": 4194
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0143"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gravfältet Högbro några tum under jordytan. Samtidigt hittades föremål i brons och järn."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E-W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’ graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa I was mentioned by Pehr Arvid Säve in his Samlingar (III p. 557; V p. 116). It was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, “[…] lying several inches below ground surface, at about the same time as [GP 160–161 Halla Broa] II and III. At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the late Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Lindqvist believed that stones of this type (see IX) had been placed in pairs on graves (I, p. 37). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206",
"value_resource_id": 2206,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2206",
"display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207",
"value_resource_id": 2207,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2207",
"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The more richly decorated broad side appears to be naturally even and is highly convex, the other is obviously, albeit cursory, smoothed above the root. The narrow sides are hewn and limited by 1 cm wide, now severely weathered chamfers. Total height now 70 cm, 48 cm of which above the root. Width 48.5 cm at the upper corners, 38 cm at the body, 35 cm above the root” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). Parts of the originally semi-circular head and small parts of the massive foot-like root are broken off. Apart from that, the monument is well preserved and in good condition. The decoration is deeply carved, and the surface shows no traces of weathering. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "70"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "48"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 59) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with wide lines with rounded bottoms. The fields are surrounded by a border with simplified [twisted] cord pattern and are divided on both broad sides by identically decorated horizontal borders into two halves of about equal size. On both faces, the upper panel bears the image of a watercraft with steep, towering stems and a mast. In the lower panel, only one face is decorated: a sheep-like animal and closely stacked horizontal zigzag lines fill the entire area.” \n\nThe depicted quadruped looks rather like a horse and not at all like a sheep. However, compared to GP 74 Endre skog, GP 551 Väskinde Butter, and GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV it seems more likely to represent a red deer or a doe. On a drawing by Olof Sörling kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen, mistakenly labelled as ʻHögbro Romaʼ), the animal is completely missing. The figure is hard to discern, as it is less deeply carved than the ornament. The empty field on the stone’s backside, comparable to some other Type B picture stones such as GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 96 Garda Smiss I, is remarkable. It is plausible to assume that those empty fields were never carved but instead were decorated with paint (Guber 2011, p. 77; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 197, 291). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261",
"value_resource_id": 2261,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2261",
"display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size, the decoration, and the shape (semi-circular head with corners slightly protruding downwards and a massive root) of the ʻdwarf stoneʼ obviously indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns it to his Stenstugruppe. In terms of shape, GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser and GP 142 Halla Broa VII are good parallels, the latter belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻStenstugruppeʼ as well. A horizontal border with zigzag pattern comparable to the background ornamentation on Halla Broa I can be seen on GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens (also belonging to the Stenstugruppe) and GP 146 Halla Broa VIII. According to Vareniusʼs (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship on the stoneʼs backside, which features remnants of a simple sail (Rikvidetypus according to Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 66), belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2115",
"value_resource_id": 2115,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2115",
"display_title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/844d3f0e9161f7dca849f4dbff880524b4affc4d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0068.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2140",
"value_resource_id": 2140,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2140",
"display_title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5be55c4c7284e4bf3e5c340122d6f15977aa72f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0093.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"value_resource_id": 2192,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2192",
"display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, fig. 61–62; II, p. 59; Varenius 1992, p. 62; Guber 2011, p. 124 cat. no. 30; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 32, 197. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa I"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFA2087"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4675",
"value_resource_id": 4675,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4675",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0143",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "101"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (typ B), 70 x 48.5 cm, dekorerad på båda sidor med kantdekor och en horisontell zon som avdelar stenen i två bildfält. På den ena sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast och ett nedre fält med ett hästliknande djur. På den andra sidan, ett övre fält med ett fartyg med mast, medan det nedre fältet saknar bild \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sheep"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "quadruped"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "deer"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDfSvpUijuPTanW9oqawVkJAQvwDHiH7vrzUrBSnA49vTc?e=mWOsPt"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2115",
"o:title": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113",
"o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140",
"o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192",
"o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210",
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206",
"o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207",
"o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140",
"o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4675",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0143"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2190,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:01:37+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4195",
"o:id": 4195
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4195",
"o:id": 4195
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 144 Halla Broa V"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0144"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) necropolis in Högbro, Halla parish, probably re-used as part of a Viking Age grave. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen i grav tillsammans med Broa VI. I en grav med ringspännen."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, and railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N-S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’s graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ), and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nAccording to information given in a report about new acquisitions of SHM during the year 1906, the picture stones Halla Broa V–VI were found “[…] in a grave, from which two or three years ago finds (ring brooches) had been sent (cf. Inv. 11939, 11987, or 12087)” (Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The mentioned numbers represent Viking Period grave inventories, among them ring brooches dating to the 10th and 11th centuries (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 316–318; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12). Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 40) states that the picture stones were found as building material in a Viking- Age stone mound. According to a letter by Wennersten from 1905-03-07 (ATA Go Halla sn, Broa vol. III), the stones were found some years before by the landowner Vilhelm Olsson on his property, probably in a field called ʻStrandbergsåkerʼ. Two gravklot were found on this occasion as well. The find spot, where former landowners had found many graves, is situated about 50 m east of the road to Halla and about 100 m north of the road to Sjonhem (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 378), i.e., close to the area RAÄ Halla 46:1. However, Wennersten was not able to reconstruct the original arrangement and the relation of the stone slabs to each other. Surprisingly, Wennersten’s letter from 1905 does not mention that the stones were incorporated into a mound (Stenqvist 2014, p. 12). \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), small picture stones such as Halla Broa V–VI, featuring a wave-shaped upper edge (cist stones), were originally used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). See IX. "
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"display_title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 8.5 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides slightly converge towards the top and are hewn at approximately right angles towards the obverse, but convex in profile. The reverse is rough and unworked. The width of the stone is 39.5 cm between the upper corners, 41 cm at the lower edge of the decoration; the stone’s height is 41 cm, of which 20 cm are accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the decoration. Decorated with chiselled lines about 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep that form a simple border” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61–62). The stone is almost completely preserved, with only the left corner of the root is broken off. The decoration is easily discernible. "
}
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"type": "literal",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is framed by a border with a coarse step pattern, typical for middle-type picture stones (ʻAbschnittʼ B), which Lindqvist interprets as simplified twisted-cord. At the upper edge, the slab features a double border. Thus, the border decoration fills almost the entire obverse. Photos of the unpainted stone and a drawing by Olof Sörling from 1906 are kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling. The latter was also published in Fornvännen 1906, fig. 7. Lindqvist provides a photo of the painted monument (1941/42 I, fig. 45). "
}
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The typical outline of a small gable-like slab with wave-shaped upper edge, a so-called cist stone, is completely preserved. In most cases, those stones represent late-type monuments, belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Due to the small size and the typical decoration of Halla Broa V–VI, however, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38, 40) assigns both stones to ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating to AD 500 to 700. They are the only cist stones that Lindqvist assigned to ʻAbschnittʼ B. However, already in “Gotlands Bildsteine” he remarked that their original function as parts of a cist-shaped (sacrificial) monument, which consists of four slabs, remains uncertain (ibid.). In his 1964 (p. 42) study about “Forngutniska Altaren” Lindqvist does not regard Halla Broa V-VI as ʻcist stonesʼ in the narrow sense anymore, preferring the term “slabs with cist-stone-outline”. Instead, he believes that they were grave markers that were placed at the head and the foot end of a grave, with their roots forming an underground stone cist (1964, p. 42). "
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:5",
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210, fig. 7; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 40, fig. 45; II, pp. 61–62; 1964, 42, fig. 13; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12; Stenqvist 2014 II, p. 12, fig. 15; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 32. "
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"@value": "Halla, Broa V"
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"value_resource_id": 4676,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4676",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0144",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0144_RGB.nxz",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "105"
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1906 som sekundärt byggnadsmaterial i en vikingatida grav på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 41 x 41 cm, med kantdekoration \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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{
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDlDyvAiraqT7e28AlpoFVGAS4KzY8AsTjVwgQS6ZLeVtY?e=zfH66a"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075",
"o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2128",
"o:title": "GP 81 Fole Änge 2"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150",
"o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II"
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"o:title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2194",
"o:title": "GP 148 Halla Broa XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285",
"o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2286",
"o:title": "GP 240 Lokrume Tomase II"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2287",
"o:title": "GP 241 Lokrume Tomase III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2288",
"o:title": "GP 242 Lokrume Tomase IV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2289",
"o:title": "GP 243 Lokrume Tomase V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297",
"o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4676",
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"o:id": 1
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"o:title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef70a54a3f72a598d697b65669ed660577418999.jpg"
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"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, probably re-used as part of a Viking Age grave. "
}
],
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{
"type": "customvocab:7",
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"@value": "Grave"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Halla Broa"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen i grav tilsammans med Broa V. I en grav med ringspännen."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma–Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N-S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriors’s graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\nAccording to information given in a report about new acquisitions of SHM during the year 1906, the picture stones Halla Broa V–VI were found “[…] in a grave, from which two or three years ago finds (ring brooches) had been sent (cf. Inv. 11939, 11987, or 12087)” (Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The mentioned numbers represent Viking Period grave inventories, among them ring brooches dating to the 10th and 11th centuries (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 316–318; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12). Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 40) states that the picture stones were found as building material in a Viking Age stone mound. According to a letter by Wennersten from 1905-03-07 (ATA Go Halla sn, Broa vol. III), the stones were found some years before by the landowner Vilhelm Olsson on his property, probably on a field called ʻStrandbergsåkerʼ. Two gravklot were found on this occasion as well. The find spot, where former landowners had already found many graves, is situated about 50 m east of the road to Halla and about 100 m north of the road to Sjonhem (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 378), i.e., close to the area RAÄ Halla 46:1. However, Wennersten was not able to reconstruct the original arrangement and the relation of both stone slabs to each other. Surprisingly, Wennersten’s letter from 1905 does not mention that the stones were incorporated into a mound (Stenqvist 2014, p. 12). \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), small picture stones such as Halla Broa V–VI, featuring a wave-shaped upper edge (cist stones), were originally used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). See IX. "
},
{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190",
"value_resource_id": 2190,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2190",
"display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca211887faad2444d4e2935a657ba14141c5696a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg",
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 11 cm thick. The obverse even, but with considerable bulges. The narrow sides are diverging towards the top and hewn at about right angles towards the obverse, the top side is hewn and rounded towards both the obverse and the reverse, without recognisable chamfer. The total height is 57 cm, of which 25 cm are above the lower edge of the decoration, the width between the upper corners is 37 cm. Decorated with chiselled lines 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep that form a border” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The stone is completely preserved, including the large root. The border decoration is clearly discernible, while some remains of carvings in the main field are very faint and hard to determine. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "57"
}
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "37"
}
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"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is framed by a border with a coarse step pattern, typical for middle-type picture stones (ʻAbschnittʼ B), which Lindqvist interprets as simplified twisted-cord. In the main field, according to Lindqvist, “[…] the remains of human figures etc. can be seen” (1941/42 II, p. 62). The photo of the painted stone provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I. fig. 44, dating to 1937) as well as a drawing by Olof Sörling from 1911, kept in ATA’s Run och bildstenssamling, possibly show the legs and feet of a man in the right half of the image field, and perhaps the head and further scattered parts of a second human figure in the left half. A small box-like square appears to be placed on the bottom line of the field, approimately. in its middle. However, this interpretation is uncertain. It cannot be ruled out that these lines represent the remains of a geometrical pattern instead, similar to the border decoration. Another drawing by Sörling, which was published in Fornvännen 1906, fig. 7, does not consider these carvings at all but shows an empty field. Photos of the unpainted stone (1933) and Sörling’s drawings are kept in ATA’s as well. "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The typical outline of a small gabel-like slab with wave-shaped upper edge, a so-called cist stone, is completely preserved. In most cases, those stones represent late-type monuments, belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Due to the small size and the typical border decoration of Halla Broa V–VI, however, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38, 40) assigns both stones to ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating to AD 500–700. They are the only cist stones that Lindqvist assigned to ʻAbschnittʼ B. However, already in “Gotlands Bildsteine” he remarked that their original function as parts of a cist-shaped (sacrificial) monument, which consists of four slabs, remains uncertain (ibid.). In his 1964 (p. 42) study about “Forngutniska Altaren” Lindqvist does not regard Halla Broa V–VI as ʻcist stonesʼ in the narrow sense anymore, preferring the term “slabs with cist-stone-outline”. Instead, he believes that they were grave markers that were placed at the head and the foot end of a grave, with their roots forming an underground stone cist (1964, p. 42). "
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2190",
"value_resource_id": 2190,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2190",
"display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg",
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Cist stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
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{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1906, pp. 209–210, fig. 6; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 38, 40, fig. 44; II, pp. 62; 1964, 42, fig. 13; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 no. 12; Stenqvist 2014, p. 12, fig. 16; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 32. "
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa VI"
}
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4677",
"value_resource_id": 4677,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4677",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0145",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0145_RGB.nxz",
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "106"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "12709"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1906 som sekundärt byggnadsmaterial i en vikingatida grav på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 57 x 37 cm, med kantdekoration och ett bildfält med spår av stående människor. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700.\n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "human figure"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "leg"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "foot"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "extremity"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "head"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "polygon"
}
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAph8KOgxImS67ABE1uezARAdltzlxzpyiotp1ymaTDNKM?e=7B5HzP"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2190",
"o:title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075",
"o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2128",
"o:title": "GP 81 Fole Änge 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2150",
"o:title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2190",
"o:title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2194",
"o:title": "GP 148 Halla Broa XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285",
"o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2286",
"o:title": "GP 240 Lokrume Tomase II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2287",
"o:title": "GP 241 Lokrume Tomase III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2288",
"o:title": "GP 242 Lokrume Tomase IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2289",
"o:title": "GP 243 Lokrume Tomase V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297",
"o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4677",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0145"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"@type": [
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"o:id": 2192,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4197",
"o:id": 4197
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"o:media": [
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"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
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{
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0146"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen tilsammans med Broa VII & IX samt inventarienummer GF 1679-1702 & 1704-1710. Funnen på \"Branden\" vid nybyggnation"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma–Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warriorsʼs graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at the time of Lindqvist. \n\n“Found by the butcher Petterson during construction of his new house on the so-called ʻBrandenʼ, together with [Halla Broa] VII and IX as well as 24 limestone balls [gravklot] (GF 1679–1702) and several other antiquities (GF 1704–1710)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), west of the road to Viklau, south of the railway line, in an area belonging to the farmstead Möllbos gård (not Broa/Broe). Information about the find year is not available. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2195",
"value_resource_id": 2195,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2195",
"display_title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dee08f2d52773427a99fc66c4cb90a4a0c103ccc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0149.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 5–6 cm tick above the root, which is slightly rougher [compared to the decorated upper part of the stone]. Both broad sides are hewn above the root, the undecorated face less carefully. The narrow side is hewn at right angles towards the broad sides, with chamfers on both sides. Height of the fragment 40 cm, 18 cm of which above the root. The width of the body at the base once was about 30 cm (of which 26 cm are preserved)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). Only the stone’s base is apparently completely preserved, the upper part and the head are lost. The root is partly broken off as well. The decoration is executed in a relatively sophisticated technique, achieving a bas-relief-like effect (which is discernible on the photo provided by Lindqvist [II, fig. 390, cf. ATA 1751:24a] but does not become apparent in Sörling’s drawing kept [at ATA]). Therefore, the ornament is very easily visible. There seem to be no considerable traces of weathering. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "30"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Decorated with carved lines with a depth of approximately 3 mm and rounded bottoms that formed a border filled with a simplified twisted cord pattern. In the same way, the surviving lower part of the field is filled with parallel zigzag lines. Remains of the vertical line delineating this field towards the left are preserved at the bottom. The triangular areas below the lowermost zigzag line are chiselled” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small size, the massive root, and the typical simplified twisted cord pattern, which looks like a primitive step pattern, clearly indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Zigzag ornamentation comparable to the pattern on Halla Broa VIII can be seen on GP 143 Halla Broa I, which, according to Lindqvist, belongs to the ʻStenstu groupʼ. The best match, however, depicting both the zigzag decoration in the lower field and remains of the simplified twisted cord border is represented by the fragment GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens, which Lindqvist assigned to his ʻStenstu groupʼ as well. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2140",
"value_resource_id": 2140,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2140",
"display_title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5be55c4c7284e4bf3e5c340122d6f15977aa72f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0093.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63, fig. 390; Guber 2011, p. 125 cat. no. 32. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Bros VIII"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1677"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4678",
"value_resource_id": 4678,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4678",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0146",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "108"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "coarse reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid ett husbygge på ett område som tillhörde gården Möllbos, nära järnåldersgravfältet vid Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av dvärgsten (typ B), 40 x 30 cm, med kantdekorationer och rester av ett bildfält med zigzag-linjer. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195",
"o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140",
"o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2140",
"o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4678",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0146"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2193,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-08-26T08:37:41+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4198",
"o:id": 4198
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4198",
"o:id": 4198
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 147 Halla Broa X"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0147"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen på tomten hos Otto Engström i Banden. Tätt under markytan"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great mire system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing, respectively. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warriorsʼs graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969/75 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nRegarding the picture stones, the exact location of the find spots is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\n“Found on the property of Otto Engström in ʻBrandenʼ, close under the ground surface. Brought to GF in 1913” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård."
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 3.5–6.5 cm thick. The obverse, which today looks severely battered, appears to have been naturally even, the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse; a chamfer in between hardly ever existed. The reverse is rough and unworked. The total height of the stone is 47 cm, 28 cm of which are above the root. Width of the head 27 cm, that of the neck 24 cm, of the base 26 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The stone is completely preserved. The root tapers downwards; perhaps parts of it are broken off. Since the surface is much abraded, probably due to weathering, and since the carved lines are very shallow, most of the decoration is quite hard to discern. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "47"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "27"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small monument is decorated with very shallow, 2 to 3-mm-wide lines. According to Lindqvist’s description and photo of the painted stone (1941/42 I, p. 64, fig. 54), large parts of the framing border with a typical simplified twisted cord pattern, which looks like a simple step pattern, are discernible on the stone’s left and bottom sides. Furthermore, on the stone’s body, halfway up, there is a horizontal border with a herringbone pattern. In the upper field, a simple ship image with towering stems, a mast and a small rectangular sail can be seen. \n\nAn unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling from 1914 shows fewer remains of carvings, only a few insignificant parts of the border decoration and the vessel (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). A photo of the painted stone taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA 1751:23), does not reveal many more details; only Lindqvist’s final paint version, documented by a photo taken by A. Edle in 1936 (ATA 2223:25), depicts all elements of the decoration described above. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a slightly convex head with corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns Halla Broa X to his Stenstugruppe. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The simple ship depiction corresponds to a type labelled by Lindqvist as Rikvidetypus (ibid. I, p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 62, fig. 24, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features of a simple rectangular sail, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. A horizontal border with herringbone pattern is unusual and a special feature of this stone. Cf. The herringbone pattern on GP 10 Alva St. Ringome. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66, fig. 54; II, p. 64; Guber 2011, p. 126 cat. no. 33; Oehrl 2019a, p. 32. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa X"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC2433"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4679",
"value_resource_id": 4679,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4679",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0147",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0147_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "110"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "coarse reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades precis väster om korsningen mellan vägen till Viklau och den forna järnvägen, nära det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. Stenen fördes till Gotlands fornsal 1913. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 47 x 27 cm, med kantdekorationer och rester av två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet ett skepp med mast och ett litet segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2113",
"o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2198",
"o:title": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2339",
"o:title": "GP 293 Unknown Find Spot"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4679",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0147"
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"o:title": "GP 148 Halla Broa XIX",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4199",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "GP0148"
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, re-used as cover slab on a Viking Age burial. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Grave"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Halla"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Halla Broa"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Funnen i vikingatida grav"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "Yes"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, although some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves contain fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nHalla Broa XIX was found in 1933, re-used as part of a grave construction. It was discovered during the investigation of a circa 1000 m2 large area east of the property of O.V. Olafsson, in the northernmost part of the known cemetery, about 150 m east of the road to Halla (according to Lindqvist’s map, 1941/42 II, fig. 378). The archaeological investigation was conducted by Harald Hansson (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 340–345). The stone mound (röse) had a diameter of 1.75–2.00 m, and the picture stone served as a covering slab on an undisturbed cremation burial (grave 8/1933; ibid. p. 342; Rundkvist 2012, p. 153 cat. no. 15). A Viking Period penannular brooch was placed on top of the slab, while pottery shards and the cremated bones were beneath the stone cover. In the western part of the mound, remains of a disturbed inhumation grave were found (grave 9a–b/1933), covered by a stone slab as well, containing Viking Age material such as beads, a bronze dress pin, and a silver bracelet, as well as a heavily worn Vendel Period box brooch. The burial can be dated to the early 11th century. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are no drawings or photos of the stone available, neither in Lindqvist’s book, nor in the archives. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 67) gives the following information: “Limestone slab, above the slightly rougher root 4–6 cm thick. The obverse naturally even to some extent, possibly a bit hewn above the root. The narrow sides appear to be hewn at right angles towards the obverse, probably with a chamfer in between. The slightly convex top side is just as smooth as the right narrow side (which is 17 cm high) and the lowermost section of the left narrow side. The reverse is a rough, uneven fractures surface, possibly secondary. Total height 50 cm, about 20 cm of which above the root.” According to Lindqvist, the stone is “severely weathered”. "
}
],
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "50"
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "20"
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There seem to be no traces of carvings discernable on the stone. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation. "
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 38) assigns the stone to ʻAbschnittʼ B. His description of the fragment’s shape, however, is confusing and inconsistent: “Either a picture stone of ʻcist typeʼ (cf. Halla Broa V and VI) or fragment (root and the lower part of the body) of a picture stone with its corners aligned horizontally and the body tapering towards the top” (ibid. II, p. 67). Lindqvist compares Halla Broa XIX to Halla Broa V–VI, which feature the typical outline of the called cist stones, representing small gabel-like slabs with wave-shaped upper edge. In most cases, those stones represent late-type monuments, belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Due to the small size and the typical decoration of Halla Broa V–VI, however, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38, 40) assigns both stones to ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating to AD 500–700. They represent the only cist stones, which Lindqvist assigned to ʻAbschnittʼ B. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), small picture stones featuring a wave-shaped upper edge (cist stones), were originally used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four forming cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. However, all known cist stones have been discovered in secondary contexts (Stenkvist 2014). "
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"display_title": "GP 144 Halla Broa V",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0144.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2191",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2191",
"display_title": "GP 145 Halla Broa VI",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0145.jpg",
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"@value": "Cist stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
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"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kiststen"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67; Rundkvist 2012, p. 153 cat. no. 15; Stenkvist 2014 I p. 16, 33; II, p. 22. "
}
],
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XIX"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"url": "/s/index/item/4680",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0148",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0148_RGB.nxz",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "119"
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"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "20517:8"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1933 återanvänd i en vikingatida grav på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDel av en liten bildsten, 50 cm hög. Antingen en dvärgsten eller en kiststen från perioden 500-700 (typ B). Ingen dekor och eller bilder bevarade. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör troligen perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
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"@value": "GP0149"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in an area called ʻBrandenʼ. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Halla Broa"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen tilsammans med Broa VII & VIII samt inventarienummer GF 1679-1702 & 1704-1710. Funnen på \"Branden\" vid nybyggnation"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
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"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and. in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves contain fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\n“Found by the butcher Petterson during construction of his new house on the so-called ʻBrandenʼ, together with [Halla Broa] VII and VIII as well as 24 limestone balls [gravklot] (GF 1679–1702) and several other antiquities (GF 1704–1710)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 62). The find spot is situated, according to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), west of the road to Viklau, south of the railway line, in an area belonging to the farmstead Möllbos gård (not Broa/Broe). Information about the find year is not available. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"value_resource_id": 2192,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2192",
"display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is 6 cm thick, its obverse is rather rough and uneven. The narrow sides are “[…] hewn at right angles towards the obverse and generally roughly chamfered towards the back. The reverse rough and unworked, but fairly even. Height of the stone 95 cm, 68 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration. Width of the head 41 cm, of the neck 36 cm, of the base now 44 cm, originally possibly about 48 cm. The decoration first had been sketched out in carved lines, which only partially then were deepened with a chisel and widened to up to 2 mm width. After this, the background fields were slightly chiselled” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63). The monument is completely preserved, only a small part of the root seems to be broken off. The surface is not much weathered; however, due to its roughness the decoration is very hard to discern. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "96"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "41"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 63, fig. 387) only published a photo of the painted stone, which he described as follows (photos of the unpainted stone from before 1933 are kept in ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 2440:20): “At the very top, a horse is depicted, probably with a horseman armed with a spear; below, there is a 10 cm high panel with unclear remains of images, among them a ship with a sail that is covered with a rhombic grid pattern made up of bands about 0.5 cm wide that – apart from the points of intersection – were chiselled all the way. The ship appears to have had rounded stems; between the railing and the sail’s straight lower edge, there probably are crewmen and sheet ropes that split running upwards. Below the ship, there either is a row of triangles or waves that possibly break to the right, as well as a narrow horizontal border with a simplified twisted cord pattern at the very bottom.” \n\nLindqvist’s painted version of the carvings does not trace the horseman himself in any detail but only an undefined field above the horse and a horizontal part of the spear behind the supposed rider. A drawing by Olof Sörling from 1918 instead depicts the horseman in much more detail, including his eye, nose, and beard (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling). However, Lindqvist’s interpretation of the ship is much more detailed, while Sörling only considered the rhombic pattern of the sail and some very rudimentary remains of the mast and rigging. In Sörling’s drawing, the waves beneath the vessel are clearly described as triangles. Lindqvist traced some remains of the interlace pattern inside the stone’s outline border, while Sörling only drew certain parts of the border’s inner frame. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates Halla Boa IX to AD 750–900 (group 1C). According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). As the ship depiction, in particular the stems, the rigging and the crew, is hardly discernable in detail, it cannot be included into typological considerations. \n\nThe stone’s decoration has some notable features. Triangular waves are depicted on a relatively small group of Type C/D stones, for instance GP 95 Garda kyrka 7, GP 170 Halla kyrka 5, GP 212 Klinte Klintebys, GP 572 Eksta kyrka, GP 563 Väte kyrka 2, and GP 280 När Smiss I. The simplified twisted cord pattern on the horizontal border beneath the waves is particularly remarkable. The pattern is typical for Type B picture stones and occurs rarely on late type monuments. A decorated border just above the root is also quite unusual. The only parallel is GP 150 Halla Broa XVI, which is comparable to Halla Broa IX in many respects. The sail’s pattern with tiny, raised rhombs at the intersections is comparable to, for instance, the C/D stones GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I; GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII; GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 90 Fröjel kyrka, and GP 109 Gothem kyrka. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2142",
"value_resource_id": 2142,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2142",
"display_title": "GP 95 Garda kyrka 7",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/05739491a7017961eb019e8354111404b858ee7d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no185.pdf",
"thumbnail_type": "application/pdf"
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2216",
"value_resource_id": 2216,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2216",
"display_title": "GP 170 Halla kyrka 5",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f751f5783f8dc1a45b773019f59db2f6e2027116.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0170.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2616",
"value_resource_id": 2616,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2616",
"display_title": "GP 572 Eksta kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3a502e3c7ca47983abd611b27e2c0753b47b7754.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0572.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2607",
"value_resource_id": 2607,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2607",
"display_title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c4c06c2a39c57d7799239e1d1fed91d30fc4df58.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0563.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2196",
"value_resource_id": 2196,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2196",
"display_title": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bb5ab1fc0ac61f6dfc7a95ab3642d6c160035c1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0150.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208",
"value_resource_id": 2208,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2208",
"display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137",
"value_resource_id": 2137,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2137",
"display_title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0090.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2156",
"value_resource_id": 2156,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2156",
"display_title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9cb91e11d52b605280cdfc2077df53dfe5ebea6c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0109.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 63, fig. 387. "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa IX"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1678"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4681",
"value_resource_id": 4681,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4681",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0149",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0149_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "109"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid ett husbygge på ett område som tillhörde gården Möllbos, nära järnåldersgravfältet vid Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 95 cm hög och 44 cm bred, uppdelad i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en ryttare med ett spjut. I det nedre bildfältet vågor, ett skepp med segel, rigg och troligen besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "spear"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "human figure"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waves"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2192",
"o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2196",
"o:title": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297",
"o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III"
}
],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4681",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0149"
}
]
}
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"o:is_public": true,
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"o:id": 1
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"o:id": 32
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"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI",
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:05:43+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201",
"o:id": 4201
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"o:media": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4201",
"o:id": 4201
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"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 150 Halla Broa XVI"
}
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"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0150"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, next to the old railway line; the fragment was found in the stone cover of a burial mound. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen på en nybyggd tomt till höger om järnvägsspåret, alldeles vid järnvägsbommen i trekanten. Vid röjade av gravhög."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla–Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, investigating 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to a report letter from 1917-07-17 kept in ATA (Go Halla sn M–Ö, dnr 709-1917; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65), Wennersten states that the picture stone Halla Broa XVI was “found on a newly built-on property to the right of the railway tracks, when travelling south from the train station Roma, just next to the level crossing in the triangle formed by the country road from Roma, the road to Viklau, and Gotlands railway line. […] [It] came to light two years ago when some workers, who had been commissioned by Hans Hansson to clear a burial mound from its grass cover until he would be back shortly afterwards, in doing so uncovered the stone. The picture stone lay there between other stone pieces; when I was there, it had lain with the obverse upwards in the open air for two years.” "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab represents the entire body and root of a small mushroom-shaped picture stone, which is now missing its head. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse but for the most part only roughly worked. The stone has a height of 75 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. The width of the neck is 32 cm, that of the base 45 m. The slab is about 10 cm thick (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65–66). There are no serious signs of weathering, abrasion or damage to be observed on the stone’s surface. However, the images are not easy to discern. The decoration is executed with fine lines, while the background fields are slightly chiselled, not more than 1 mm deep (ibid. fig. 396; ATA 494:9a; 1718:22). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "75"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 65–66) describes the carvings in the following way: “Within the border, which is up to 6 cm wide, an interwoven band pattern. In the panel above a horizontal bar at the neck, the legs of a running horse can be seen, which indicates that the stone’s head was filled with the image of horse and rider. Just below the horizontal bar, three persons can be perceived in a low panel, of whom the middle one appears to be shown in a sitting position […]. Below this, there is a ship with rounded, towering stems and rectangular sail with rhombic pattern on a mast, on which probably are attached one stay from the left (prow?) and two from the right. A rudder may have been near the indistinct stem on the right. Above the railing, the torsos of six crewmen, all facing left, jut out; they presumably are behind a row of shields attached to the railing. Below the ship, a row of waves is depicted, the crests of which are breaking to the left, and a final horizontal border.” \n\nIn Olof Sörling’s drawing of the stone dating to 1918 (ibid. fig. 394), the horizontal border below the waves represents a simplified twisted cord pattern, which cannot be identified on Lindqvist’s photo of the painted surface (ibid. fig. 395). Another notable difference between both pictures is the left stem of the ship, which in Sörling’s opinion seems to end in an animal head with open jaws. Sörling and Lindqvist basically agree about the three figures in the image panel above the ship’s sail. The man to the left (see also Oehrl 2019a, pls. 57e–h) is wearing a sword scabbard and stretching out his hand towards the middle figure, which could represent a human. The human figure to the right, whose gender remains unclear, lifts up its hand, holding up an indefinable object, probably a drinking vessel, less probably a weapon. Either the figure is sitting on a chair or wearing long garments. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 66) compares the figures in the panel above the ship with the uppermost panel of GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, which (according to Lindqvist’s painted version) depicts two warriors, flanking and apparently attacking a woman placed between them. This scene has been interpreted on the basis of heroic legend, as a case of abduction of a woman or the killing of King Jǫrmunrekr (Lindqvist 1941/42 I. p. 105; Gjessing 1943, p. 86). For more information see the regarding article about Lärbro St. Hammars I. \n\nIf the person in the right corner of the panel holds up a drinking vessel, the depiction could be compared to drinking scenes on other picture stones such as GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1. For their possible interpretation as drinking and oath taking ceremony or afterlife feasting, see articles cited by Oehrl (cf. Oehrl 2019a, pp. 172–174, 178). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299",
"value_resource_id": 2299,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2299",
"display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0253",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576",
"value_resource_id": 2576,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2576",
"display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone Halla Broa XVI to between AD 750 and 900. According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. The horizontal border beneath the waves is particularly remarkable. The simplified twisted cord (or step) pattern is typical for Type B picture stones and occurs rarely on late type monuments. A decorated horizontal border just above the root is also quite unusual. The only parallel is GP 149 Halla Broa IX, which is comparable to Halla Broa XVI in many respects. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2195",
"value_resource_id": 2195,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2195",
"display_title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dee08f2d52773427a99fc66c4cb90a4a0c103ccc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0149.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 105; II, pp. 65–66, figs. 394–396; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 608; Oehrl 2019a, p. 89, pls. 57e–h. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XVI"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4682",
"value_resource_id": 4682,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4682",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0150",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0150_RGB.nxz",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "116"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "16239"
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],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid röjning av en gravhög 1915 på det stora järnåldersgravfältet Broa i Halla. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformad bildsten (typ C-D), 75 x 45 cm, med kantdekor och tre olika bildfält. I det översta fältet spår av en springande häst, som förmodligen haft en ryttare. I det mittersta fältet tre människor varva den mittersta verkar sitta. I det nedersta fältet vågor och över vågorna ett skepp med segel och sex besättningsmän \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nOm djuret på bilden kan ses som en häst kan bilden tolkas som Sleipner som hoppar över ett hinder för att komma in i dödsriket. Om bilden i stället föreställer en hjort kan det finans en kristen bakgrund. \n\nAA "
}
],
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "legs"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "human figure"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sitting"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rudder"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "torso"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "shield-row"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waves"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "hand"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "cup"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "chair"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "dress"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "woman"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "running"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sheath"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDmoKG2mLnVQI6hLyYTx-H9Ac0S_ikhUjJIJn16Cyy1Tnw?e=QKNg9r"
}
],
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195",
"o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297",
"o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4682",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0150"
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"o:id": 2197,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 151 Halla Broa XX",
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-22T09:01:01+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4202",
"o:id": 4202
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4202",
"o:id": 4202
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 151 Halla Broa XX"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0151"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into the stone covering of a Viking Age burial mound. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Vet ej än. Fyndplats går ej att längre fastställa."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma–Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings are typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact locations of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nHalla Broa XX was found in 1930 during the investigation of about 10 stone mounds conducted by Ture J. Arne (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 333; ATA dnr 715-1931). The excavated area belonged to the property of Gabriel Pettersson and is described as situated very close to the road to Halla, “200 m north of the shop, north of O.V. Olsson’s property, and south of H. Olsson’s property” (ibid.). The picture stone was discovered in grave 3/Juli 1930 (SHM 19853:3), which was 5.5 m in diameter with a big boulder in its centre, containing remains of a skeleton, horse teeth, and Viking Age burial objects such as two penannular brooches, a mount of a knife scabbard, a bearded axe, and a small disc of amber. The picture stone was lying in the southern part of the mound, under a boulder. Photos taken by Arne during the excavation, showing the stone on the grave mound, are kept in ATA (Fasta fornlämningar, Halla sn Gotland, Broa, photos 1337:48–49). After its discovery, the slab was kept at Olsson’s farmstead for some years (photo: ATA Run- och bildstensamling 1705:75). Lindqvist was not able to access any information about the find spot; he only noted that it has been delivered to SHM by Harald Hansson in 1933 (1941/42 II, p. 67). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, about 5 cm thick, the root is up to 7 cm thick. The obverse above the root presumably hewn, but not even. The narrow sides in all probability hewn at right angles towards the obverse. Whether there existed a chamfer in between is now unclear. The reverse probably is unworked, but reasonably even. Total height 79.5 cm, about 50 cm of which above the root. The width between the […] corners is 35.5 cm, at the narrowest part of the body, it is 28.5 cm, at the base 33 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The small mushroom-shaped stone is completely preserved, including its massive root. The surface is weathered. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "79"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "50"
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"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of carvings discernable on the stone. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 38) assigns the dwarf stone to ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone’s head is strongly convex, almost semi-circular, featuring corners which seem to be protruding horizontally. However, they are a bit abraded and rounded and thus difficult to specify. The body is almost rectangular, slightly widening towards the bottom. Another middle-type picture stone featuring a comparable outline is, for instance, GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2410",
"value_resource_id": 2410,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2410",
"display_title": "GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0365.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67, fig. 398. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XX"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4683",
"value_resource_id": 4683,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4683",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0151",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0151_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "120"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "20517"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1930 vid utgrävning av ett vikingatida röse på det stora gravfältet Broa i Halla. Överlämnades till SHM 1933. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (typ B), 79.5 x 35.5 cm. Inga bilder eller dekorationer bevarade. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4683",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0151"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2198",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2198,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2d1e89181431474b5c61f76711ae657d82b7804c.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:06:17+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4203",
"o:id": 4203
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4203",
"o:id": 4203
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 152 Halla Hallegårda"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0152"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/d05be572-289d-417a-9787-9315406403f4",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hallegårda farmstead in Halla parish (RAÄ Halla 19:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Farmstead"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Hallegårda"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In the 1939 inventory, the stone is recorded as being kept in a garden about 100 m South-Southwest of Halla church and circa 4 m south of the school building. However, the actual find place, according to the inventory book, is located about 120 m south-southwest of the garden. The stone was unearthed on the farmstead of Hallegårda (1:15), just south of the cow barn. In the 1979 inventory it is noted that the monument has been moved to Gotlands Museum, where it is kept today. The stone is not documented in Lindqvist’s book. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is 66 cm high, 39 cm wide, and about 5 cm thick. The entire picture stone is preserved, including the root, but broken across the width, in the middle. The stone’s surface is abraded, only the main parts of the decoration are still discernible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "66"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "5,5"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The framing of the edge border and parts of its decoration on the stone’s base and right-hand edge (i.e., a geometrized twisted cord pattern) are discernible. In the head field of the stone, a simple ship image with towering stems, a mast and a small tabloid sail can be seen. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. GP 147 Halla Broa X, is a good parallel in shape and decoration, as well as many other dwarf stones which are gathered in Lindqvist’s (1941/42 I, p. 37) Stenstugruppe. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193",
"value_resource_id": 2193,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2193",
"display_title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0147.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Guber 2011, p. 128 cat. no. 38. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:1254"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla 19:1"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC10980"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0152",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "121"
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"ai2:limestoneType": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
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"@value": "Slite Group (30%)"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nOmtalas första gången 1939, då bildstenen förvarades på gården Hallegårda. Den hade tidigare påträffats cirka 120 m syd-sydväst om gården. Överförd till Gotlands museum före 1979. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 66 cm hög, och som bredast 39 cm. Kantdekor delvis bevarad. På den övre delen av stenen ett skepp med mast och litet segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "ship"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "mast"
},
{
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"@value": "sail"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDvHj5rPIHhQKSNPsdFXIxfATvUELnuAhybJydMIkKLTX8?e=g5F55g"
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2200,
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"o:title": "GP 154 Halla Broa 21",
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"o:media": [
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 154 Halla Broa 21"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0154"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"property_id": 346,
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In a small river close to the Broa (today Broe) necropolis in Högbro, Halla parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Halla Broa 21"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenen följde med en grävskopa upp när ån vid Haugbro muddrades."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "No"
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nHalla Broa 21 was found in 1989, not far from the known areas of the cemetery, approximately 450 m west of the intersection between the roads Viklau-Halla and Roma-Sjonhem. It was uncovered by accident during dredging work at the small river that is crossed by the road to Roma (Visbyvägen). The finding place is situated at the intersection of the river and the road (RAÄ Halla 84:1). The picture stone was lifted out by the excavator bucket (ATA dnr 5571/89). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The almost completely preserved, mushroom-shaped picture stone is 148 cm high; its width is 62 cm between the corners of the head and 78 cm at the base. The limestone slab is 10 cm thick. The left corner of the head is damaged and a small part at the right edge of the base is chipped off. The root is circa 30 cm long but possibly fragmented. A long scratch on the lower half of the surface probably originates from the discovery. The surface is flat and relatively smooth but greatly worn and weathered. "
}
],
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "148"
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"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "78"
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Remains of a remarkably wide interlace border framing the monument are discernable. Due to the width of the border, the two image fields on the head and the body of the stone are relatively small and narrow. The rudimentary outline of a simple ship’s hull and probably the remains of a sail can be seen on the bottom of the lower field. More depictions are hardly discernable. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type picture stone, ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E according to Lindqvist. Where almost no decoration is left, such stones can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and around AD 1100. The slab was only about 110 cm tall above ground, so according to Lindqvistʼs definition (1941/42 I, p. 30), it does not represent a ʻdwarf stoneʼ. According to Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 155), however, it must be regarded as ʻdwarf stoneʼ. Regarding shape, dimensions and the design with two very narrow image fields, the ʻdwarf stoneʼ GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII is comparable. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2415",
"display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Tall stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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],
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No references"
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],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:3443"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla 84:1"
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC11606"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4686",
"value_resource_id": 4686,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4686",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0154",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0154_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "444"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine limestone without reef debris"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Högklint Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1989 vid muddring av en liten å precis vid vägen mellan Sjonhem och Roma. Fyndplatsen befinner sig strax norr om det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 148 cm hög och som bredast 78 cm. Bred kantdekoration samt rester av två bildfält. I det nedre bildfältet spår av ett skepp med ett segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6377963"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "707787"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB1NzE0p60zTrDIdHEiSfheATYLVRmvVO0-gzNOuf9X6Wk?e=2WLhlt"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4686",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0154"
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/145",
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"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2200",
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"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.49651182371716,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.467676041453842,
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2202,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"type": "uri",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) necropolis (on a field called ʻBrandenʼ) in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into a stone covering of a Viking Age burial. "
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"@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Broa XII & XIII i en vikingatida grav (Lindqvist 1942:64). Funnen i gravhög på vagnmakare Otto Engströms tomt."
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis was destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma–Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century and, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, thre are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe two pieces of Halla Broa XI were found together with two other picture stones in 1915 by Hans Hanson during the examination of the burial mound Broe VI/1915, which was located on the property of the wheelwright Otto Engström (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331). According to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), the find spot is situated just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård, in an area called ʻBrandenʼ, where several other picture stones were found. “Under a low earthen mound, a stone setting was discovered that had a diameter of 4.75 m, was free of earth, and consisted of limestone chunks and boulders. In the upper stone layer, without any apparent order, there were three picture stones, two of which ([Halla Broa] XI and XII) lay at the western edge, the third ([Halla Broa] XIII) at the eastern edge. The latter stone was in a slanted standing position. Under this layer of stones, a circle of limestone slabs, with an outer diameter of 3.5 m, was encountered, with a large boulder in its centre. Under this were another layer of smaller stones and finally the skeleton of a man” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The inhumation grave was undisturbed, the head of the dead lying in the south. Among the furnishings (SHM 15601:2) were a penannular brooch of bronze, a bronze strap buckle, strap end, and strap joiner, a green glass bead, a knife, and a comb with case (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153). The burial can be dated to the 10th century. "
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"display_title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2209",
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"display_title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0163.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The limestone slab is up to 10 cm thick, and its obverse is relatively even. “The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse to a width of 6 cm and with an approximately 1 cm wide chamfer in between. The reverse is rough and unworked. The preserved fragment, which is composed of two matching pieces, is 38 cm high, measures 52 cm between the upper corners, and 41 cm at the broken edge” (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 64). The two matching pieces represent the left and the right half of the head of a middle-type picture stone. "
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"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
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"@value": "38"
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"ai2:material": [
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The stone is framed by a border with a coarse step pattern, probably a simplified twisted cord pattern, which is typical for Type B picture stones. The preserved image field depicts a grotesque serpent-like ribbon, curling in the middle, entwining two or three rounded, ring-shaped elements, then tracing the outline of the stone, and finally ending in a slightly thickened tip, presumably a tiny serpent’s head, which is located to the right of the convoluted pattern. It is difficult to understand and to describe this strange motif – Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 64) completely avoids describing it and just names it a “Bandmuster” (ʻribbon patternʼ). It probably represents a serpent motif (cf. Larsen 2009, p. 32). Lindqvist (ibid. figs. 386, 391) provides a drawing by Olof Sörling as well as a photo of the unpainted stone (cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 482:9; 879:42; 594:41h; 594:41R; 1718:9a). "
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "Two more Type B picture stones bear obscure serpent-like ribbon patterns comparable to Halla Broa XI – GP 335 Rute Ala and GP 297 Unknown Find Spot (see IX). Unambiguous depictions of serpents can be seen on GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX, and GP 281 När Smiss 3. See the cited articles for possible interpretations of serpent motifs. For the interpretation of serpents combined with deer motifs, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
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"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbaa7b84971f0b4a0c79edaf56b17d7a0b401af9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0335.jpg",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2343",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2343",
"display_title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ba1da91deaf21405140757f36d6eadc06c4164fc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0297.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413",
"value_resource_id": 2413,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2413",
"display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2/3, belonging to his periods 2 and 3, which he dates to the Early and the Middle Vendel Period. According to Larsen (2009, p. 32), who investigated the stone by 3D scanning, the serpent-like ornament is typical for the 7th century animal style. Due to its shape and the strange, convoluted ribbon pattern or serpent motif, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37–38) assigns Halla Broa XI to his Alagruppe, named after GP 335 Rute Ala, which bears a very similar image. During Lindqvistʼs time, these two monuments were the only known picture stones decorated in this way. An even better parallel, however, is represented by the recent find GP 297 Unknown Find Spot. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64, figs. 386, 391; Larsen 2009, p. 32, fig 28; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153 cat. no. 13. "
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1915 som sekundärt använt byggnadsmaterial i en gravhög från 900-talet på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en dvärgsten (typ B), 38 x 52 cm, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med troligen en slingrande orm. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCKUdL445I_TqyRoof5yRKGAQPa2Lw6pHRug0C8rA7PqJ8?e=jsLyjw"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203",
"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2209",
"o:title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
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"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
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"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery (on a field called ʻBrandenʼ) in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into the stone covering of a Viking Age burial. "
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"@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Broa XI & XIII i en vikingatida grav (Lindqvist 1942:64). Funnen i gravhög på vagnmakare Otto Engströms tomt."
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, firstly mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, and some unexcavated stone settings are typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone fragment Halla Broa XII was found together with two other picture stones in 1915 by Hans Hanson during the examination of the burial mound Broe VI/1915, which was located on the property of the wheelwright Otto Engström (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331). According to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), the find spot is situated just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård (farm), in an area called ʻBrandenʼ, where several other picture stones were found. “Under a low earthen mound, a stone setting was discovered that had a diameter of 4.75 m, was free of earth, and consisted of limestone chunks and boulders. In the upper stone layer, without any apparent order, there were three picture stones, two of which ([Halla Broa] XI and XII) lay at the western edge, the third ([Halla Broa] XIII) at the eastern edge. The latter stone was in a slanted standing position. Under this layer of stones, a circle of limestone slabs, with an outer diameter of 3.5 m, was encountered, with a large boulder in its centre. Under this were another layer of smaller stones and finally the skeleton of a man” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The inhumation grave was undisturbed, with the head of the dead lying in the south. Among the furnishings (SHM 15601:2) were a penannular brooch of bronze, a bronze strap buckle, strap end, and strap joiner, a green glass bead, a knife, and a comb with case (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153). The burial can be dated to the 10th century. "
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"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
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"display_title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides partially hewn, generally chamfered towards the back. The reverse rough and unworked. Width of the head 52 cm, its height 29 cm, total preserved height of the stone 52 cm, width of the neck 44 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The fragment represents the complete head of a mushroom-shaped picture stone, including a section of the neck. Only a few very small broken-off parts are visible at the upper edge. The surface is not much weathered. At least when applying oblique light most of the carvings are well discernible. "
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (II, figs. 385, 392) provides a drawing by Olof Sörling as well as a photo of the unpainted stone (cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 482:9; 494:6a; 1718:9b). Sörling’s drawing depicts the carvings as described by Lindqvist (ibid. p. 64): “Decorated with thin, carved lines with rounded bottoms. The background field generally is chiselled in the usual fashion, only in the narrow horizontal belt below the ship, it instead is covered crosslines (oars of the sailing ship??) that are at a distance of about 1 cm from each other, but slightly converge towards the top. Within an 8–10 cm wide framing border, which appears to have contained a simplified twisted cord pattern, and above a horizontal bar (border?) at the neck, there is a ship with (at least on the left) a towering stem and a slightly curved keel line as well as a chequered sail with rectilinear framing on three sides, the upper edge of which is convex and runs along the framing border. Above the railing and to the left of the mast, the torso of a crewman (turned to the left??) can be seen. The ship appears to be in an unusually slanting position, but otherwise probably belongs to a common type.” If Lindqvist’s interpretation of the mentioned crosslines as row of oars is correct, Halla Broa XII is the only known picture stone depicting the sail and the oars of a ship at the same time (1941/42 I, p. 73). "
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"@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38), the monument represents a Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The simple ship, which is placed in the stone’s head field, as on many other Type B monuments, seems to be the only indication considered by him. Lindqvist assigns the vessel to his Rikvidetypus (ibid. p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 62, appendix 2) typology, the ship belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3/4. Dwarf 3 belongs to Rundkvist’s period 3, corresponding with the Middle Vendel Period. Dwarf 4, however, occurs in the periods 4–7, which means between the Late Vendel Period and the Late Viking Period (8th to 11th century). \n\nAs a matter of fact, the shape of the almost semi-circular head with slightly pronounced corners is typical for late-type (mushroom-shaped) picture stones. The position of the vessel in the head field, however, does not occur on late-type picture stones. Furthermore, the depiction of a ship’s crew does not necessarily indicate a Type C–E stone. A ship with crew can also be seen on the Type B picture stones GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, GP 13 Alva Bopparve, and perhaps GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII. However, the Larsarve stone and in particular Alva Bopparve have much in common with Type C–E stones and therefore have been regarded as late Type B monuments or transitional forms, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18). See also GP 79 Etelhem järnvägen. "
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"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg",
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"value_resource_id": 2212,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2212",
"display_title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0166.jpg",
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"value_resource_id": 2126,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2126",
"display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 66, 73; II, p. 64, figs. 385, 392; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153 cat. no. 13. "
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0157_RGB.nxz",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1915 som sekundärt använt byggnadsmaterial i en gravhög från 900-talet på gravfältet Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (typ B), 52 x 52 cm, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med ett skepp med ett segel och möjligen åror samtidigt. Troligen rester av en besättningsman vid masten. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "torso"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAZ6NstAPmnTq7rcgcr-tn9AcYfAwM-0olEzgmsLhteBVA?e=TUKU83"
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"o:title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 158 Halla Broa XIV"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0158"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery (on a field called ʻBrandenʼ) in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into a stone enclosure (vast). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen tillsammans med en stenkula av bonden Gustaf Jakobsson 100m från klosterängen vid uppodling av en gammal väg"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Not traceable"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, investigating 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the necropolis remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe find circumstances of Halla Broa XIV are described briefly by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 65) as followings: “Picture stone that was found together with a stone sphere [gravklot] (diameter 20 cm, height 16 cm) by the farmer Gustaf Jakobsson [sic], about 100 m away from the monastery meadow, when he cultivated an old path. Presented to GF in 1927.” After Lindqvist’s map, the find spot is located circa 50 m west of the border to Klosterängen (Roma parish). According to a first report by Bengt Bergman dating to 1927-10-10 (ATA dnr 4217), the stone was found by Karl Gustafsson (sic) in the summer 1927 on an agricultural field. In a second report from 1927-11-30 (ATA dnr 5009), Bergman describes the find situation in more detail. The picture stone was discovered by C. O. Gustafsson (sic) about 250 m north of his house, where it had been incorporated into a prehistoric stone enclosure (vast). Gustafsson found the stone together with a gravklot (large spherical stone) and several other limestone slabs when he started to remove the enclosure. At the time when the report was written, circa 70 m of the 5 m wide vast were still standing, and some further limestone slabs were sticking out of it. About 150 north of Gustafsson’s house, in the forest, next to a footpath, a pile of granite stones and limestone slabs probably represented a grave mound (röse), from which the material of the vast, the gravklot and the picture stone, presumably originate from. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is about 10 cm thick; its obverse is relatively even but somewhat rough. “The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with a 1 cm wide chamfer that is visible towards the top. After the removal of the root, the stone’s total height is 66 cm, the width between the upper corners is 54.5 cm, in the middle 44 cm. Decorated with narrow, carved lines that partly have been deleted as a consequence of severe weathering of the obverse” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65). The root of the stone is missing; otherwise, the monument is completely preserved and undamaged. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "66"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "54"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In his book, Lindqvist provides two pictures (1941/42 I, fig. 22; II, fig. 397), a photo of the unpainted stone and a photo depicting the carvings traced with paint. His description is very brief, without characterizing the ornamentation patterns: “[…] a 9 cm wide, double border along the upper edge can be observed as well as probably single borders along both vertical edges. In the field, there is a roundel of 28 cm width. At least in the upper border and in the roundel, chiselled background fields occur” (ibid. II, p. 65). The photo of the painted stone, which dates to 1937 (cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling B3:78), however, is much more detailed – The double border along the convex upper edge consists of two mirrored rows of crescents (see IX), the upper being heavily weathered. The vertical borders are formed by simple grooves. The roundel in the main field represents a whorl with six raised and six sunken crescent-shaped arms. The whorl is decorated with a corona consisting of 19 spikes, which are chiselled as well. The first photo of the stone taken by Ture Carlson in 1927 (ATA dnr 1664:1927), however, only reveals the outline of the upper border and the outline of the roundel, traced with a pen, as described in Lindqvist’s book. Even when applying digital tools based on 3D-scanning, only minor parts of the upper border and fragments of the roundel can be identified (Larsen 2009, p. 20, fig. 13). The painted version published in Lindqvist’s book appears to be much reconstructive. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Early-type dwarf stone (ʻdwarf1ʼ according to Rundqvist 2012) with axe-shaped upper edge and rectangular body, ʻAbschnittʼ A according to Lindqvist, dating to AD 400–600. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 31) assigns the tiny stone from Broa to his Burstypus, named after GP 53 Burs kyrka I, representing “miniature forms” of the common Type A stones. The border decoration along the upper edge, formed by rows of crescent-shaped elements, finds good parallels in the possible kerbstone GP 54 Burs kyrka II and GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I (a small stone which Lindqvist assigns to his Vallstenagruppe). Hauck (1983a, pp. 543–544, fn. 235) assigns Hall Broa XIV to his group IV (Havor I-Typus), containing all dwarf stones with whorls as main motif. "
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"is_public": true,
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"value_resource_id": 2100,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2100",
"display_title": "GP 53 Burs kyrka I",
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"value_resource_id": 2101,
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"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Burs_2_samt_teknisk_lista_13_232.pdf",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
"value_resource_id": 2178,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2178",
"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
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"ai2:references": [
{
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"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, 31, fig. 22; II, p. 65, fig. 397; Hauck 1983a, p. 546 fn. 235; Larsen 2009, p. 20, fig. 13; Guber 2011, p. 127 cat. no. 35. "
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],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XIV"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC6612"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4690",
"value_resource_id": 4690,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4690",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0158",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0158_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "114"
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "whorl"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sun"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCXEO171d4KRbNh1Y7459rVAXNPPrj2yzaGTWDoxpYk-7g?e=bpLjhi"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2101",
"o:title": "GP 54 Burs kyrka II"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4690",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0158"
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"o:id": 2206,
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"o:id": 1
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gravfältet Högbro. Hittades samtidigt som nr.1"
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, much has been acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma–Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma–Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa II was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, together with GP 143 Halla Broa I and GP 161 Halla Broa III. “At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the younger Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207",
"value_resource_id": 2207,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2207",
"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 9 cm thick. […] The narrow sides hewn approximately at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse rough and unworked. Total height of the stone 82 cm, 55 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration. The width of the head likely was 42 cm, that of the neck is 38 cm, that of the base about 43 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). The small monument is almost completely preserved, including a short root, only the left corner of the mushroom head is broken off while the right corner is slightly discernible. The stone material is unusual. It is a fine-layered shoal limestone which is not very usable for working on it. The weathering especially attacks spaces between the rock layers, which leads to a kind of exfoliation. The surface of the stone is flaking off. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "82"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "43"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The decoration appears to have been added despite the ledges existing on the obverse; later, flaking resulted in the appearance of more of these ledges, which caused a considerable proportion of the decoration to be destroyed. The preserved elements are executed with finely hewn lines and particularly with chiselled background fields. Also, the creation of the almost 1 cm wide grooves forming the sail’s pattern left clear traces of the chisel […]. At their intersections, small rectangles were left standing. Apart from insignificant remains of the inner frame of an approximately 7 cm wide framing border and a horizontal border (which perhaps should be interpreted as the yardarm above the sail) on a level with the neck, the drawing shows (at the very top) the lower part of a horse, below that parts of the sail and the keel of a watercraft on top of a row of waves that are breaking to the right” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59–60). \n\nLindqvist’s description corresponds with Olof Sörling’s drawing of the stone, which is dated to 1910 (ibid. fig. 379; ATA Run- och bildstenssamlingen 2425:15 [mistakenly labelled as ʻRoma Högbroʼ]). On the stone itself as well as on the early photograph kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen 457:29 [mistakenly labelled as ʻRoma Högbroʼ]), only the keel line of the ship is visible, and the unusual surface structure, eroded by exfoliation. The carvings are remarkably faint. However, as Oehrl (2019a, p. 88, pl. 50a–b) demonstrated by means of RTI technology, the major parts of the figures are still discernable under the condition of a certain illumination. Helmbrecht (2011, p. 470) notes that the horse in the head field is possibly eight-legged. In Sörling’s drawing a third foreleg appears to be discernable. However, this element, which could also be part of the lost horseman’s spear, cannot be verified with certainty. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to circa AD 750–900. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). \n\nThe design of the sail, with small rectangles at the intersections of the diagonal lines (see VI), is the same as on the Type D stones GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII or the Type C stones GP 162 Halla Broa IV and GP 90 Fröjel kyrka. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208",
"value_resource_id": 2208,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2208",
"display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2137",
"value_resource_id": 2137,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2137",
"display_title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ed9c5be9e4a9ae3330c1100cdc6dde2ee2a6a805.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0090.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 59–60, fig. 379; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 603; Oehrl 2019a, p. 88, pl. 50a–b. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa II"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFA2088"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4692",
"value_resource_id": 4692,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4692",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0160",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0160_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "102"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn svampformig liten bildsten (typ C-D), 82 x 43 cm. Spår av två bildfält, det övre med en sannolikt åttafotad häst och det nedre med vågor och ett skepp med segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sleipnir"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBIpeKqcQeVQ7znuFqU6xufAaWYRBiO3DcHa5bmpSwTqsw?e=cgK9hs"
}
],
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207",
"o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208",
"o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4692",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0160"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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],
"o:id": 2207,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg"
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"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:12:58+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4210",
"o:id": 4210
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"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4210",
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"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 161 Halla Broa III"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0161"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gravfältet Högbro. Hittades samtidigt som nr.1"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma–Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa III was found in 1876 during the construction of the railway line, together with GP 143 Halla Broa I and GP 160 Halla Broa II. “At the same time, several objects of bronze and iron from the younger Iron Age were discovered” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 59). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206",
"value_resource_id": 2206,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2206",
"display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7cb06f8f4cc38342dc9d0924e2829c3645a86732.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 15 cm thick. […] The narrow sides hewn at right or acute angles towards the obverse, the reverse very rough and strongly curved. Current height of the stone 74 cm; the original height above the root likely was about 70 cm. Width of the head 46 cm, of the neck 41 cm, of the base 48 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 60). The stone’s face is almost even but quite rough. It appears to be weathered, in particular, its upper part, wherefore parts of the finely carved images and border decoration are lost. The mushroom shape of the slab is clearly discernible, both corners of the head are preserved. However, the top part of the arched head is broken off. The short root is preserved as well. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "74"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "41"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The lines of the decoration appear partly to have been chiselled, though they are narrow and irregular, partly to have been merely scratched in with a pointed object. The background field has been chiselled 1–2 mm deep. The border contains a twisted cord pattern that was given a realistic effect by Kerbschnitt-like chiselling of small areas. The field thus defined contains at the very top – probably below a [lost] top panel that cannot be interpreted – the image of a horseman with shield and spear on a horse, the feet of which rest on the upper part of the border-like frame of a sail with rhombic pattern on a watercraft with upwards-curved stems. The stems appear to be rounded. The ship has a rudder. Below the ship, a row of waves that are breaking to the left. Above the vessel’s railing, the torsos of five crewmen can be seen as well as many Y-shaped sheet ropes attached to the sail’s lower edge” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 60–61). \n\nThe picture of the stone with paint published by Lindqvist (ibid. I, fig. 108; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamlingen B3:59 [Faith-Ell 1937]) differs in some details from Olof Sörling’s drawing (ibid. II, fig. 380; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamlingen 2425:24), in particular regarding the horseman. In the drawing, the horse’s forepart and the equestrian’s lance are incomplete. The horseman’s head, however, is much more detailed, featuring his long hair, eye, and nose. Unlike Lindqvist’s painting, Sörling’s drawing depicts a shield boss, and the outline of the shield crosses the outline of the horse’s back. The second crewman from the right, however, is more detailed in Lindqvist’s interpretation, featuring an eye as well as details of hair and dress. In both interpretations, the outlines of the rudder cross the keel line of the ship. Those intersections are remarkable, as they possibly indicate a kind of preliminary sketch (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). The best examples for such preliminary carvings include GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. The much-weathered left half of the upper panel remains indiscernible, even though Lindqvist tried to trace some scattered parts of the carvings here. Nevertheless, it is probable that it featured the depiction of a woman who welcomed the horseman (cf. other Type C dwarf stones such as GP 162 Halla Broa IV and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III). \n\nAnother painted version of the stone, a photo of which is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamlingen 1718:41 [Faith-Ell 1933]), presents significantly fewer figures and details than the pictures published in Lindqvist’s book. It appears to represent an obsolete interpretation by Lindqvist. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208",
"value_resource_id": 2208,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2208",
"display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
"value_resource_id": 2433,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "For the interpretation of the horseman and ship motifs on late type picture stones, see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. Both motifs, the horseman and ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead."
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141",
"value_resource_id": 2141,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2141",
"display_title": "GP0094",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to circa AD 750–900. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 67) assigns the vessel to his Lillbjärstypus, which occurs frequently on Type C picture stones. However, he even considers the ship to represent a Type D vessel, dating somewhat later (ibid. p. 73). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 67, 73, 107, fig. 108; II, pp. 60–61, fig. 380; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 604. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa III"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFA2089"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4693",
"value_resource_id": 4693,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4693",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0161",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0161_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "103"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1876 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, utställd i Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (typ C), 74 x 48 cm, uppdelad i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en ryttare med spjut och sköld, och i det nedre bildfältet vågor och ett skepp med segel, rigg och fem besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "shield"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "spear"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rudder"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waves"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "torso"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "long hair"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "woman"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBJ3WyrDlaKTKjapE9cN4qrAcw02xuJrcyFxWlcMMU91IQ?e=mOZqBB"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206",
"o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2126",
"o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285",
"o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208",
"o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
}
],
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"o:title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, at the old railway line. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
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"@value": "Funnen vid grustaget som järnvägen går igenom."
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular. during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone Halla Broa IV was found in 1879 during the construction of the railway line (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The exact find place and context, however, cannot be determined."
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 12 cm thick. The obverse almost even by nature, severely pitted due to weathering. The narrow sides either hewn in an obtuse angle or rounded towards the obverse. The reverse rough and unworked. Total height of the stone 89 cm, 57.5 cm above the lower edge of the decoration, width of the head 45 cm, width of the neck 38 cm, that of the base 49 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, including its root. "
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"@value": "89"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "“The decoration of the border, which is filled with an s-shaped interlace pattern is executed with hewn lines and chiselled background fields. The images in the field appear to have been sketched in fine lines and drawn by means of a pointed instrument; after this, the work was completed by chiselling out the background field. The field is divided into two panels by a horizontal bar at the level of the neck. The horizontal bar at the same time serves as the yardarm of the sail of the watercraft filling the lower panel. On this bar, one foot of a horse is resting, on which sits a horseman with loose trousers gathered at the knee and a sword scabbard (attached to the belt?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). The very fine lines, which appear to be drawn with a pointed instrument are particularly visible in the details of the horseman’s head, his sword and trousers, but also in parts of the ship, in particular, the shields with bosses and the heads and faces of the crewmen. Those finely carved lines possibly indicate a kind of preliminary sketch (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). The best examples for such preliminary carvings represent the Type C stones GP 161 Halla Broa III, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. \n\nThe figure in the left half of the head field can be interpreted in different ways, but Lindqvist’s description of the carvings is particularly detailed (1941/42 II, p. 61): “In front of the horseman, on the same ʻground lineʼ, a person is standing, the details of which have been lost due to flaking. The interpretation of this person was a problem that GG [Gabriel Gustafson], FN [Fredrik Nordin], and OS [Olof Sörling] frequently debated, but never finally solved. Alternative no. 1 [ibid. II, fig. 381] includes: a man with knee-length garb, holding a spear slightly tilted forwards, towards the horseman; the slightly crooked spearhead is at a level with the horse’s ear. Alternative no. 2 [ibid. II, fig. 382, 384], however, put forward a woman with a floor-length dress (at the front of which there is a strip of constant width that corresponds to the front lower leg in alternative no. 1); her head is looking rather masculine and does not quite reach the same level as the horse’s mouth. Above the woman, there is a bird (the head and long neck of which, pointed diagonally upwards, corresponds to the upper part of the spear in alternative no. 1) that appears to be flying towards the horseman. Both wings of this presumed bird are visible and executed in a remarkably realistic way; the feathers of the wings would be implied by short, chiselled lines, in the same manner that commonly was used for the chiselled areas of the background field. Lastly, alternative no. 3 [ibid. I, fig. 116], which SL [Sune Lindqvist] considers the most likely, shows a woman in a full-length dress (possibly with a strip of constant width along the dress’s rear contours that corresponds to the rear lower leg in alternative no. 1) as in alternative no. 2, but of much greater body height; the torso is inclined backwards, of course, because the woman is presenting the horseman with a drinking horn, its almost horizontal mouth facing him (in alternative 1, this is the spearhead, in alternative 2, the bird’s head). The top of the woman’s head is at the same level as the horse’s eye” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). \n\nThere are even more possible interpretations documented – a photo of the painted stone depicting the legs of a man without spear (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 30f), a drawing with a very rudimentary version of the man with spear (ATA, unpublished), and a drawing with another version of the woman with a drinking horn, featuring a smaller body size and more detailed facial characteristics (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 383). All mentioned interpretations are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Oehrl (2019a, pp. 65–66, 89, pl. 54a–b) considers the image on the head field of Halla Broa IV one of the best examples of the difficulty of picture stone documentation, which he regards as the major problem of picture stone research in general. His investigation based on digital imaging applications, however, did not lead to a final assessment. Nevertheless, in Oehrl’s view, a woman with a drinking horn is the most plausible interpretation, although she is probably smaller and less massive, as she appears on the photo provided by Lindqvist. \n\nThe ship in the lower part of the stone is described by Lindqvist, as follows: “The lower half of the field is occupied – as mentioned above – by a watercraft. Above the horizontal bar – the sail’s yardarm –, the masthead can be seen between the horse’s forelegs in the panel just described; on both sides of the masthead, there are the upper ends of the stays running down in both directions. The sail is enclosed on both the left and right in the same rectilinear way as at the top by the yardarm, while downwards, it has a number of pointed corners continuing the rhombic pattern that had been produced by wide chiselled grooves. The vessel’s hull has towering stems, the rudder is on the starboard side, and ten shields are visible along the railing. The shields’ contours are drawn fairly competently, but hardly with a compass; the rims of the shield bosses are drawn, as well. Above the shields raise the heads of six, probably originally seven, crewmen. They wear round head coverings. Four corners, which probably each terminate in a sheet rope, constitute the sail’s lower edge. The mast is massive towards the bottom and has a stay running to it from the inner base of the stem in the bow as well as several of them from the stern” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 61). "
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"value_resource_id": 2207,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2207",
"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "For the interpretation of the horseman and ship motifs on late type picture stones, see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. Both motifs, the horseman (welcomed by a woman with a drinking horn) and the ship, are commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead. Gabriel Gustafson’s interpretation of the woman in the head field of Halla Broa IV, featuring a long-necked bird above the woman’s head (see VI, alternative no. 2), is particularly tempting since Oehrl was able to prove in his studies that long-necked water birds played an important role in the iconography of the late-type picture stones, acting as companions of the women who welcome the deceased in the world of the dead. Those ʻornithomorphic psychopompoiʼ can be seen on the picture stones GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, GP 3 Alskog kyrka, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6, and GP 341 Sanda kyrka I. For more detailed interpretation, see the pertinent articles as well as Oehrl 2010a; 2012a, pp. 93–96; 2019a, pp. 50–55, pls. 23e–25c; 2020c, pp. 138–151, fig. 26–31. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141",
"value_resource_id": 2141,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2141",
"display_title": "GP0094",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2138",
"value_resource_id": 2138,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2138",
"display_title": "GP0091",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f013e0b5d4e9c4283dfc8b692e086a18f1d35595.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0091.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050",
"value_resource_id": 2050,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2050",
"display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167",
"value_resource_id": 2167,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2167",
"display_title": "GP0120",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386",
"value_resource_id": 2386,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2386",
"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist, who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date them roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to the 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 71) assigns the vessel to his Hunningetypus, which occurs frequently on Type C picture stones. \n\nThe design of the sail, with small rectangles at the intersections of the diagonal lines (see VI), is similar to the Type D stones GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII or the Type C stones GP 160 Halla Broa III and GP 90 Fröjel kyrka. Good parallels for the the border decoration, an interlace pattern formed by s-shaped loops, can be seen on the stones GP 171 Hangvar kyrka III, GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII, and GP 94 Garda Bote. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2206",
"value_resource_id": 2206,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2206",
"display_title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0160.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"type": "customvocab:5",
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"@value": "No"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 148, fig. 5; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 47, 71, 73, 75, 82–83, fig. 105, 116–117; II, p. 61, fig. 81–84; Varenius 1992, p. 72, fig. 40; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 90–91; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 470 cat. no. 605; Ney 2012, pp. 78–79; Oehrl 2012a, pp. 92–93; 2019a, pp. 65–66, 89, pls. 30a–f, 54a–b. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"type": "resource:item",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0162",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1879 vid järnvägsbygge genom det stora järnåldersgravfältet i Broa i Halla socken. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, utställd i Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 89 cm hög och 49 cm bred, uppdelad i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en ryttare med lösa byxor och ett svärd och framför ryttaren en stående person (kvinna?), troligen med ett dryckeshorn. Över den stående personen en fågel som flyger mot ryttaren. I det nedre bildfältet ett skepp med segel, tio sköldar och sex eller sju besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nRyttaren om möts av en kvinna med dryckesbägare tolkas normalt som en död man som välkomnas till dödsriket. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "sail"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "ship"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "trousers"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "shield"
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{
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"@value": "man"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "woman"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "human figure"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sheath"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "bird"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "spear"
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{
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"@value": "dress"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCHpgk2gpNKS6P0pmKOU5qwAbQbKKoh4Iss3NMAxAvOCWg?e=gc7odN"
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],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2137",
"o:title": "GP 90 Fröjel kyrka"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2156",
"o:title": "GP 109 Gothem kyrka II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2199",
"o:title": "GP 153 Halla kyrka 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2207",
"o:title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2195",
"o:title": "GP 149 Halla Broa IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2206",
"o:title": "GP 160 Halla Broa II"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2607",
"o:title": "GP 563 Väte kyrka 2"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4694",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0162"
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"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII",
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"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/7773650c33496572c3dfc4d49c53a09c436707e4.jpg",
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"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4212",
"o:id": 4212
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"o:media": [
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 163 Halla Broa XIII"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0163"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery (on a field called ʻBrandenʼ) in Högbro, Halla parish, incorporated into the stone covering of a Viking Age burial. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Halla Broa"
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen av Hans Hansson tillsammans med Broa XI & XII i en vikingatida grav (Lindqvist 1942:64). Funnen i gravhög på vagnamkare Otto Engströms tomt."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "SHM"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa cemetery were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, there are several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601). \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe picture stone fragment Halla Broa XIII was found together with two other picture stones in 1915 by Hans Hanson during the examination of the burial mound Broe VI/1915, which was located on the property of the wheelwright Otto Engström (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331). According to the map provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 378), the find spot is situated just west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, north of the border to Möllbos gård (farm), in an area called ʻBrandenʼ, where several other picture stones were found. “Under a low earthen mound, a stone setting was discovered that had a diameter of 4.75 m, was free of earth, and consisted of limestone chunks and boulders. In the upper stone layer, without any apparent order, there were three picture stones, two of which ([Halla Broa] XI and XII) lay at the western edge, the third ([Halla Broa] XIII) at the eastern edge. The latter stone was in a slanted standing position. Under this layer of stones, a circle of limestone slabs, with an outer diameter of 3.5 m, was encountered, with a large boulder in its centre. Under this were another layer of smaller stones and finally the skeleton of a man” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 64). The inhumation grave was undisturbed, the head of the dead lying in the south. Among the furnishings (SHM 15601:2) were a penannular brooch of bronze, a bronze strap buckle, strap end, and strap joiner, a green glass bead, a knife, and a comb with case (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 330–331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153). The burial can be dated to the 10th century. "
},
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"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2203",
"value_resource_id": 2203,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2203",
"display_title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a2a3b0676159c85227020dfa144446840dee510.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0157.jpg",
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 9 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at approximately right angles towards the obverse and chamfered towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. Total length of the stone 67 cm, 58 cm of which above the root. height of the head 20 cm, its width 28 cm, width of the neck 26 cm, width of the base about 40 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65). The small mushroom-shaped picture stone is completely preserved, including its entire root. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "67"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "28"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
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],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 65) describes the preserved carvings as follows: “The decoration, severely damaged by weathering, was executed with carved lines with narrow bottoms and by chiselling the background fields both in the border, which is up to 8 cm wide and filled with a double ribbon pattern [“Zweischnurmuster”], and in the image field. This latter probably was divided by a horizontal border both at the neck and again further down, judging from the sloppy chequered pattern of the sail(?) that can be perceived between 35 and 47 cm below the stone’s top.” \n\nSurprisingly, Lindqvist only reproduced a drawing by Olof Sörling (ibid. fig. 393), which does not depict any of the details described above. Only a few scattered lines belonging to the border and some diagonal lines at the base are depicted. Photos of the unpainted stone are kept in ATA, dating to 1933 and earlier, however, there is little more to see (Run- och bildstenssamling 457:34; 977:11a; 1718:10a). Remarkably, in his tabular overview of the Type-C stones, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) subsumes Halla Broa XIII under the heading “Erblindete Steine” (ʻblinded stonesʼ, which means ʻstones with obliterated surfaceʼ). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type dwarf stone, which means Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” C/D or E (1941/42 I, p. 44). As almost no decoration is preserved on the monument, it can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century and around AD 1100. The stone is not considered in Rundqvist’s (2012) typological study. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65, fig. 393; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152–153 cat. no. 13. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Halla, Broa XIII"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "113"
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],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "15601"
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"ai2:iconography": [
{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sail"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAE3jTRVfosTK6f4tK019l8AZvds9q-IIXGxOedjPprz9A?e=VhGW0D"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203",
"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4695",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0163"
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"o:id": 1
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV",
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T12:14:36+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4213",
"o:id": 4213
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4213",
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"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0164"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, discovered in a grove without context. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen 300m nordost om övre vägkorset vid Högbro"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma–Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300–400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601) are to be mentioned. \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the cemetery remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nRegarding the find circumstances of Halla Broa XV, Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 65) briefly notes that the stone “[…] was found by the shoemaker Gabriel Pettersson during cultivation in a small wood, about 300 m northeast of the upper crossroads near Högbro. Presented by the finder to GF in 1930.” "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab represents the lower part of a small middle-type picture stone, which means its entire root and the lowermost part of the image field. The slab is about 5 cm thick. “The narrow sides are roughly hewn at right angles towards the obverse. At the right narrow side, a chamfer of about 1 cm width can be observed. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s width is 43 cm at the lower edge of the decoration. Total height 59.5 cm, 27 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "59"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "44"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "5"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The border is executed with shallow, 3 mm wide lines. In the field, there is a running horse that apparently did not have a rider. The horse seems to bite into the pointed end of a rod that protrudes from one of the corners of the panel (if we do not want to assume that it has an abnormally long tongue). These figures clearly are rising from the slightly sunken background field as well as the somewhat irregular triangle below the horse’s front feet” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 65). The horizontal border on the bottom of the image field as well as parts of the edge borders are very well preserved, representing a coarse step pattern (simplified twisted cord). According to the photo of the painted stone reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (ibid. I, fig. 68; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling B3:98,6 – dating 1937), the depicted horse-like animal has a long tail, hooves, pointed ears or an upright mane respectively (while on the photos of the unpainted stone taken in 1933, which are kept in ATA [1750:67b and 1751:25a], the animal can hardly be observed). The strangely bent forelegs placed above the “irregular triangle”, which rises from the ground, gives the impression that the animal is stepping, jumping or rather stumbling over a kind of barrier. The depiction is comparable to the horse with rider on the small middle-type picture stone GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägen. Both animals are executed in a similar style. On the Etelhem stone, the horse is clearly stepping over a triangular element, which rises from the ground, just between the forelegs. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126",
"value_resource_id": 2126,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2126",
"display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The horse with rider stepping over a triangular barrier represents a frequent motif in the iconography of the Viking Period picture stones. GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägen and probably Halla Broa XV are the only middle-type picture stones featuring this iconographic element. It has been interpreted as a simplified fence, gate or grid, representing the barrier, which divides the world of the living from the world of the dead (Lindqvist 1941/42 vol. I, p. 99; Weber 1973, p. 95). Such a barrier is mentioned in Old Norse literature, in the relatively young (12th/13th century?) eddic poems Grímnismál (stanza 22, valgrindr) and Lokasenna (stanza 63, nágrindr) as well as in Snorri’s Gylfaginning from about 1220 (cap. 49, helgrindr). According to Snorri, Óðinn’s son Hermóðr, riding on his father’s horse Sleipnir, jumps over this very fence to reach the realm of Hel (Faulkes 2005, p. 47). \n\nThe diagonal rod that protrudes from the lower right corner of the image field and ends in the horse’s mouth is comparable to the late-type picture stone GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. In the second panel from above, a bizarre horse figure is depicted, which has been interpreted as an artificial horse, resting on a kind of pole or rod construction. One of the rods, which are fixed on the ground, seems to hold up the horse’s head. Apparently, the panel depicts a dead body laid out on the back of the artificial horse, next to a procession of mourning warriors with their swords pointing down (see the regarding article for more information). \n\nOehrl (2019a, p. 167) proposes that the quadruped on Halla Broa XV should not be understood as a red deer that sucks in a snake with its mouth, as depicted on GP 551 Väskinde Butter (see the regarding article for more information), representing a frequent and well-known motif in Christian art and literature. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126",
"value_resource_id": 2126,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2126",
"display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Even though only the lower half of the monument is preserved, its size and the typical step pattern (probably to be considered a simplified twisted cord pattern) indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The only other Type B stones featuring a horse (or a horse-like quadruped) in the lower field are GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägen (see VI), and possibly GP 143 Halla Broa I. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2126",
"value_resource_id": 2126,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2126",
"display_title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cff8ebe912d643ca77adda7c1338ff11fd59ff15.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0079.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 68; II, p. 65; Guber 2011, p. 127 cat. no. 36; Oehrl 2019a, p. 167."
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XV"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC7117"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4696",
"value_resource_id": 4696,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4696",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0164",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "fler/GP0164_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "115"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid odling, cirka 300 m nordost om vägkrysset i Halla Broa. Stenen donerades till Gotlands fornsal 1930. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nDe nedre delarna av en dvärgsten (typ B), 59.5 x 43 cm, med kantdekorationer och ett bildfält med ett fyrfotadjur (häst? hjort?) med en lång tunga eller en orm som den sluker. Djuret hoppar över en form av trekantigt ”hinder”. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nOm djuret på bilden kan ses som en häst kan bilden tolkas som Sleipner som hoppar över ett hinder för att komma in i dödsriket. Om bilden i stället föreställer en hjort kan det finnas en kristen bakgrund. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "biting"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "tongue"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "running"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "triangle"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDnhtNj9BPPQpy0H0Z6R4PcAVuEav4zSk_HPujuJ5OyjCQ?e=NuNJd7"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4696",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0164"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2211,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-22T09:07:49+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4214",
"o:id": 4214
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4214",
"o:id": 4214
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0165"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish, in a looted inhumation grave next to the old railway line. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hittades vid plundring av en gravkista där man fann ringspänne av brons med uppåtvända avsneddade kubiska ändar samt yxa av vikingatida form."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo large areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300 to 400. The actual size and extent of the necropolis, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601) are to be mentioned. \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the necropolis remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nThe find spot of Halla Broa XVII was inspected by Henrik Alm in 1923. According to Alm’s report (ATA dnr 2560:10), the picture stone fragment originates from a stone mound on the property of Otto Engström (grave 1/1923) (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 153 cat. no. 14). The spot lies north-west of the intersection between the road to Viklau and the railway line, in an area called ʻBrandenʼ, where several other picture stones were found. Five grave mounds were situated here, side by side, right along the fence to the railway embankment. The mound in the middle (i.e., grave 1/1923) had been looted and was only visible in shape of a 3 m long trench when Alm inspected the place. A pile of limestone slabs originating from this destroyed grave was situated next to the mounds. Furthermore, some slabs of the grave cist had been re-used as foundation stones of a henhouse a few metres next to the spot. One of the cist slabs, the picture stone fragment, however, was kept by the looter. The burial contained a penannular bronze brooch as well as a broad-axe, which was found in the earth layer above the cist, just below the surface (SHM 17391). The finds can be dated to the 11th century. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The fragment includes the larger part of the root as well as the lower part of the picture stone’s body that tapered towards the bottom. Both broad sides are rough and uneven […], the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards them. Along the right edge of the decorated broad side, there probably is a chamfer that is intentional and 1 cm wide, on the left side, it is absent. The total height is 52 cm, of which 32 cm are above the lower edge of the decoration, where the width is 31 cm. 20 cm further up, the width is 32 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The limestone slab is 7 cm thick. The decorated surface is in relatively good condition and not much weathered. At least when applying oblique light, the carvings are easily discernible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "52"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "32"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The decoration, which is limited to one broad side, consists of shallow, fairly wide grooves with rounded or wedge-shaped profile. The background field is chiselled – at least for the most part. Slightly more than 4 cm wide framing borders and horizontal borders with a simplified twisted cord pattern within double framing lines surround the lower panel, which contains two raised figures of water birds, facing each other. The insignificant remains of the upper panel do not allow any safe conclusions regarding decoration that once may have been depicted there” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The raised bird figures and the border decoration are discernible on the unpainted photo of the stone (ibid. fig. 400; ATA 550:65; 1750:69b). A painted version does not exist. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular concerning eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Due to the stone’s fragmentary state of preservation, it cannot be assigned to any subgroup. However, depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a border decoration consisting of a simple step pattern (simplified twisted cord) are main characteristics of Lindqvist’s Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38). The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67, fig. 400; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 331; Rundkvist 2012, p. 153 cat. no. 14; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 88–89, 168, pls. 49a–d, 57a–d. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla, Broa XVII"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4697",
"value_resource_id": 4697,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4697",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0165",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "117"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "17391"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1923 i en gravhög från 1000-talet. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin, Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nDe nedre delarna av en dvärgsten (typ B), 52 x 32 cm, med kantdekorationer och två bildfält. Det nedre bildfältet omfattar två motställda sjöfåglar, medan det övre bildfältet är mycket fragmentariskt bevarat. Ingen bild är känd från det övre bildfältet. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nFör en diskussion om sjöfågelmotivet se GP 276 När Rikvide, GP 551 Väskinde Butter och GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waterfowl"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2213",
"o:title": "GP 167 Halla Unsarve"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4697",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0165"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2212",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2212,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0627581127eb7c471425fa052a36ffb6dab32275.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:11+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T09:28:24+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215",
"o:id": 4215
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4215",
"o:id": 4215
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0166"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kvietorp in Roma parish (?), an area belonging to the Broa (today Broe) cemetery in Högbro, Halla parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Halla Broa"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen på lantbrukare Albert Nilssons jordegendom. Fyndplatsen tillhör Roma socken."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist published 20 picture stones under the name of the farmstead Broa (today Broe), all of which appear to originate from the unusually large Iron Age grave field, which is situated in the south-western part of Halla parish, close to the border to Roma parish, and which had been well known through the ages, first mentioned by Strelow in 1633. The farm belongs to the community of Högbro. Since time immemorial, two important country roads, the road Halla-Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem (ʻVisbyvägenʼ) intersect here, where a rise consisting of gravel (the ʻhigh bridgeʼ = Högbro) clearly emerges out of the terrain, leading across the great bog system Romamyr-Stormyr. Both roads in turn are intersected by the railway line Roma-Etelhem. The railway intersects both roads a few hundred metres to the west and southwest of the crossing. During the 19th century, the Högbro elevation was severely diminished and large parts of the Broa necropolis were destroyed by clearing and cultivation, gravel mining, house building, railway and road construction, as well as deliberate grave robbing. Many finds from Broa were sold on the antiquities market during this time, with many acquired by ATA. Unfortunately, the large and highly important cemetery of Högbro-Broa is still not published adequately; its present documentation is incomplete and confusing. The best overview about the history and state of research is given by Lena Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, pp. 621–623; IV:1, pp. 324–347). \n\nThe first professional and large-scale excavation took place in 1899, conducted by Hans Hansson, who unearthed 14 graves in a small area right next to the intersection, just south of the road Roma-Sjonhem and east of the road to Viklau. One further large-scale excavation was carried out in 1981–82 by Ann-Marie Pettersson, who investigated 120 graves (9 inhumation, 102 cremation, 9 without bones) in a small area (circa 700 m2) about 50 m north of the road Roma-Sjonhem and about 40 m east of the road to Halla (Broe 1:71; see the report compiled by Daniel Langhammer from 2012, RAGU dnr 13/82, 789/84). Apart from that, several minor and poorly documented investigations took place, in the beginning of the 20th century, in particular, during the 1930s and the early 1940s. \n\nTwo larger areas are registered by ATA, a burial ground north of the road Roma-Sjonhem (ATA Halla 46:1) and a burial ground south of the road (ATA Halla 48:1). The first one (46:1) covers an area of circa 120 x 110 m (E–W) and contains 66 circular stone settings and 120 investigated flat graves. The other one (48:1) is about 300 x 120 m (N–S) and features 202 circular stone settings. Several other registered monuments, about 15 stone settings, 2 stone kists and 1 gravklot (large spherical stone) seem to belong to the Broa grave field as well (ATA Halla 1:1, 1:2, 74:1, 78:1, 79:1; Roma 31:1, 31:2, 32:1). Thunmark-Nylén (1995–2006 III:2, p. 622) estimates the number of investigated graves alone at about 300–400. The actual size and extent of the cemetery, however, remains still uncertain. \n\nThe oldest investigated burials can be dated to the Roman Iron Age, with some unexcavated stone settings typical for the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Most of the graves, however, date to the Migration, Vendel and Viking Periods. First and foremost, the grave field is well-known and frequently cited for some particularly important finds such as the decorated horse harness from the equestrian burial discovered in 1899, after which the Broa Style is named (Salin 1922; Thunmark-Nylén 1992; 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 325–326), the lyre bridge of amber from the same grave (Reimers 1980), and many remarkable finds of glass vessels from all periods (Nylén 1969). Furthermore, several elite warrior graves containing fragments of ring-swords as well as a Vendel helmet (Nerman 1969–1975 I:1, p. 29; II, fig. 601) are to be mentioned. \n\nThe exact location of the find spots of the picture stones is difficult to determine in most cases, and their contexts and relation to the known parts of the necropolis remain unclear. Most of them originate from the railway line and the area west of it (called ʻBrandenʼ) and the rest from the area east of the road to Halla, between the road and the border to Roma (ʻKlosterängenʼ). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 378) provides a map, which was primarily composed at the National Heritage Board (RAÄ) based on the information kept in ATA. It identifies the location of the find places of the stones as carefully as they could be determined at Lindqvist’s time. \n\nAccording to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 67), the picture stone fragment Halla Broa XVIII was found on the property of the farmer Albert Nilsson, just north of the junction of the road to Viklau and the road Roma-Sjonhem, and thus in Roma parish, not Halla (see the map ibid. fig. 378). Here in Kvietorp (which sometimes is allocated to Roma, sometimes to Halla), 12 stone settings have been investigated in 1939 (RAÄ Roma 32:1; ATA, dnr 4606/39), which obviously belong to the Broa necropolis (Thunmark-Nylén IV:1, pp. 345–346). The burials contained Viking Age material, such as animal head brooches, penannular brooches, and fish head pendants (SHM 22476:1–2, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12a–b). There is no more information available about the find circumstances of the picture stone. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The slab represents a fragment of a dwarf stone, made up of the root and the lower part of the body of the monument. The lateral edges are preserved, the upper broken edge is irregular. “Limestone slab, 7 cm thick. The obverse even, the narrow sides chamfered towards the back, but not towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. Total height of the fragment 57 cm, 35 cm of which above the lower edge of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The decoration is remarkably finely executed and clearly carved out, and therefore well preserved and discernible in most parts. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "56"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "43"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The picture stone is decorated with 1–2 mm wide lines with rounded bottoms that form a framing border with a simplified twisted cord pattern. In the field, on a sunken, smoothed background, the crescent-shaped hull of a watercraft with a mast as well as – on one or possibly each side of the mast – a triangular figure rising above the railing (crew?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 67). The open field above the right half of the vessel as well as the longish element to the left of the triangular crewman which are part of Lindqvist’s paint version of the stone (ibid. I. fig. 70; ATA B3:45b, dating 1937), however, cannot be verified and/or are misleading (cf. ibid. II, fig. 70). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Due to the stone’s fragmentary state of preservation, it cannot be assigned to any subgroup. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 65), the convex and almost semicircular shape of the unusual vessel represents a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, or perhaps even a variant of the Brotypus, named after the Type A stone GP 43 Bro kyrka I. The best parallel for this variant, in his opinion, is GP 74 Endre Skog, which he assigns to the Sandegårdagruppe. Another good match, however, is the recent find GP 13 Alva Bopparve, which seems to represent a late Type B stone, perhaps a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124",
"value_resource_id": 2124,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2124",
"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090",
"value_resource_id": 2090,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2090",
"display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060",
"value_resource_id": 2060,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2060",
"display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 65, fig. 70; II, p. 67, fig. 399; Guber 2011, p. 128 cat. no. 37. "
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"@value": "Halla, Broa XVIII [Roma, Högbro]"
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"@value": "ENLIGT UPPGIFT, ÅREN 1872 - 73 BYGGDES PÅ GÅRDEN AUSTERS I HANGVAR, EN LADUGÅRDSLÄNGA. VID BORTFÖRING AV JORDEN FÖR GRUNDGRÄVNINGEN ANTRÄFFADES EN GRAV MED ETT SKELETT, JÄMTE ETT SVÄRDFÄSTE MED EN DEL AV EN JÄRNKLINGA. ÖVER DENNA GRAV LÅG BILDSTENEN, VILKEN SENARE BLEV INLAGD SOM HÄLL I BRYGGHUSETS SPISEL. SVÄRDFÄSTET HAR SEDERMERA FÖRKOMMIT."
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgD_hNoEFQRgQ79Y0yOA8t_2ARxAy_XnPywPqgkuUZsJy7Y?e=NvrDGe"
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"o:title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 197 Hellvi Ire IV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2309",
"o:title": "GP 263 Lärbro Pavals"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2551",
"o:title": "GP 506 Tingstäde kyrka XVII"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"o:title": "GP 53 Burs kyrka I"
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{
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"@value": "GP 181 Hejdeby Råby"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"@value": "Hejdeby Råby"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "AV KALKSTEN. PÅ FRAMSIDAN EN 9 CM. BRED RÄFFLA. BILDSTENENS HÖJD 67 CM. FUNNEN UNDER PLÖJNING I EN ÅKER, OMKRING 200 METER SÖDER OM RÅBY I HEJDEBY. Förvärvsdatum 1910 enligt GM katalog CA"
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"@value": "No"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The limestone slab represents an almost entirely preserved dwarf stone. “The obverse even, the narrow sides levelled at right angles to the obverse, the reverse rough and unworked. The total height of the stone is 68 cm, the width of its head is 38.5 cm, that of the neck 30.5 cm, and that of the base 40 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 70). Only a small part of the right half of the head’s edge seems to be broken off. Possibly, parts of the root are missing as well. The stone’s surface is almost completely lost as “[…] there are two longitudinal grinding grooves on the obverse, of which the left is 7.5 m wide and 3 cm deep, the right 5 cm wide and 0.5 cm deep. At the bottom of the left groove, the thickness of the stone slab generally is only 1–2 cm” (ibid.). "
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"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "67"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of the original decoration are left on the observe of the stone. Most of the surface is destroyed by the grinding grooves. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size and the shape (convex, almost semi-circular head with corners protruding at right angles to the stone’s body) of the dwarf stone clearly indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Good parallels to its shape are Type B stones like GP 74 Endre Skog, GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde and GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV. \n\nThe grinding grooves cannot be used for dating picture stones, as they represent secondary features, produced after the creation of the stone, and in all probability after the period when the slab was used as memorial stone and raised in the landscape. Arne Philip (1986, pp. 9–12) counted 15 Gotlandic picture stones with grinding grooves (slipskåror or sliprännor). There is at least one more stone, GP 72 Endre Bäcks [C], which is almost completely covered by 15 deep grooves. On Gotland, those grinding grooves on stones and rocks are extremely common and have been interpreted in various ways (Munthe 1933; Mårtensson 1936; Swanström 1995; Gibson 2013). Their frequent interpretation as prehistoric calendars (Henriksson 1983) is not compelling, cf. the critical views of Lindström (1997). Similar grooves can be encountered in many places throughout Europe. An unwieldy abundance of literature has been published about their dating and their function (gathered and summarised by Eitelmann 2005, pp. 189–194 and Schels, 2010, pp. 141–161). Especially when found on medieval and early modern church buildings, gravestones, and conciliation crosses, those grooves and cups could be the result of grinding to make stone meal, presumably for use in religious folk medicine. Probably, the medieval Gotlanders regarded the picture stones as efficacious relics and powerful media of ancient times and therefore used them for folk religious purposes (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 41, 105–106; Oehrl 2020a, pp. 88–89). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2294",
"value_resource_id": 2294,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2294",
"display_title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0248.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2410",
"value_resource_id": 2410,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2410",
"display_title": "GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0365.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2119",
"value_resource_id": 2119,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2119",
"display_title": "GP0072",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/df02b4c189aea418c29a6c0cad6b9db1ed357177.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0072",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 70, fig. 408; Philip 1986 pp. 11–12, bild 7. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejdeby, Råby"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1058"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4713",
"value_resource_id": 4713,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4713",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0181",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0181B_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "131"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Slite Group (100%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på en åker tillhörande gården Råby. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museums magasin, Visborgsätt \n\nBeskrivning \nEn nästan helt bevarad dvärgsten (typ B), 68 x 40 cm. Inga bilder är bevarade på stenen, som har två sliprännor. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgC_cShkHkntRqSj4Xa3uBw9AV48LuQ3gwQ_GKDUEOX1UuY?e=LJimLl"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4713",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0181"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2228",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2228,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 182 Hejnum Bjärs V",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-22T09:14:16+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 182 Hejnum Bjärs V"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0182"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/e8cd0289-18ad-482f-846e-e3b77179f3d1",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The burial ground near Bjärs (Bjers) gård in Hejnum parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum Bjers"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnet i Grav 153 utan närmare beskrivning."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Bjärs cemetery extends to the south of the farm in three closely spaced areas immediately east of the country road, consisting of a total of more than 80 stone settings still visible today, rösen (cairns) and other circular stone mounds: RAÄ Hejnum 31:1 (northern area, 165 x 50 m), 113:1 (middle area, 150 x 60 m), 36:1 (southern area, 190 x 30–65 m). A small area of 90 x 30 m containing 7 stone settings immediately west of the road, belonging to Bjärs prästgård (parsonage), is obviously also part of the Bjärs cemetery (RAÄ 45:1). About 160 graves were excavated by Fredrik Nordin (Nordin 1893; Nordin et al. 1906) during the years 1885–86. Further investigations of the spot were conducted by Nordin during the early 1890s. The cemetery was used from the Roman Iron Age until the Viking Period. Most of the graves, however, date to the Vendel Period. The stones Hejnum Bjärs II–V were found in the north-western corner of the northern cemetery area, close to the road and the stone Hejnum Bjärs I about 200 m further south, also close to the road, at the edge of the middle area. \n\nHejnum Bjärs V was discovered by Nordin in the upper layer of the stone covering of a large stone mound (cairn) (röse), measuring 8 m in diameter and 70 cm in height (Nordin et al. 1906, pp. 58–59, 133–134, fig. 16). This mound (grave 153) is located directly east of the country road, surrounded by a group of smaller circular stone settings, and contained no fewer than 6 burial cists (A–F). These stone cists contained ashes and burnt as well as unburnt human and animal bones but hardly any grave goods. There also were pottery sherds, a horse skeleton and two small bronze fittings (with hook and eye, probably belonging to a belt). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2233",
"value_resource_id": 2233,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2233",
"display_title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a04b570d17e04fce3bb96542aae745f68084a303.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0187.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2235",
"value_resource_id": 2235,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2235",
"display_title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec10dacbe80f9dc8ab26d97ea7cbad4b52371f7d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0189.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2234",
"value_resource_id": 2234,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2234",
"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/51d0f23e41e088f2041b2d520e86f7642ed63eb4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0188.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2232",
"value_resource_id": 2232,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2232",
"display_title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d2d1fb3ce76c35e895fe25fc08614085cef17493.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0186.JPG",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the convex head part of a picture stone, including its left protruding corner, and is described by Lindqvist as follows (1941/42 II, p. 71): “Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse even, probably hewn, now severely weathered. Of the narrow sides, only a part (14 cm) of the upper side is preserved, which is convex longitudinally and hewn flat at an acute angle towards the obverse to a width of 7 cm, with a chamfer of 1 cm width in between.” The fragment’s maximum width is 55 cm, its maximum height 43 cm. Lindqvist reproduces a photo taken in 1933 (1941/42 II, fig. 409; cf. ATA 1718:27a; 594:16c), a drawing by Olof Sörling is kept in ATA’s run- och bildstenssamling. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "55"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of carvings survive. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In Lindqvist’s opinion, the stone represents an Early Type monument, belonging to his ʻAbschnittʼ A (circa AD 400–600). However, he does not dare to assign the fragment to one of his type A subgroups and records it under “tall erected stones” in the column “uncertain fragments” (I, p. 28 table I). However, the relatively strong convexity, the horizontally protruding corner and the dimensions of the stone certainly allow the conclusion that it is a type B dwarf stone dating to about AD 500–700. \n\nThe only finds from the grave mound (see IV) that potentially allow a chronological delimitation are the stamp-decorated pottery sherd, which, however, only roughly points to the Migration or Vendel Period (Nordin et al. 1906, fig. 99), and the bronze fittings, which appear to represent a (Roman Iron Age? Migration Period? Vendel Period?) type of belt clasp. In any case, the fragment of the picture stone seems to have come into the stone layer only secondarily. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Nordin et al. 1906, p. 58; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 71, fig. 409. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:2740"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum 31:2"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum, Bjärs V"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4714",
"value_resource_id": 4714,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4714",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0182"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "136"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "14245? Fel i katalog Levide!"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades på 1880-90-talet vid arkeologiska undersökningar av ett stort gravfält söder om gården Bjärs. Sten låg i den yttre stenpackningen av ett röse. I graven fynd från folkvandringstiden och vendeltiden. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en dvärgsten (period B), bevarad höjd 43 cm och bredd 55 cm. Inga spår av bilder bevarade. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
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{
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The burial ground near Bjärs (Bjers) gård in Hejnum parish. "
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"@value": "Hejnum Bjers"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen i grav 140 när den återställdes efter Nordins utgrävning, ingen exakt fyndkontext för stenen kan konstateras i Nordins noteringar i ATS, sid 53."
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "Yes"
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Bjärs cemetery extends to the south of the farm in three closely spaced areas immediately east of the country road, consisting of a total of more than 80 stone settings still visible today, rösen (cairns) and other circular stone mounds: RAÄ Hejnum 31:1 (northern area, 165 x 50 m), 113:1 (middle area, 150 x 60 m), 36:1 (southern area, 190 x 30–65 m). A small area of 90 x 30 m containing 7 stone settings immediately west of the road, belonging to Bjärs prästgård, is obviously also part of the Bjärs cemetery (RAÄ 45:1). About 160 graves were excavated by Fredrik Nordin (Nordin 1893; Nordin et al. 1906) during the years 1885–86. Further investigations of the spot were conducted by Nording during the early 1890s. The cemetery was used from the Roman Iron Age until the Viking Period. Most of the graves, however, date to the Vendel Period. The stones Hejnum Bjärs II–V were found in the north-western corner of the northern cemetery area, close to the road and the stone Hejnum Bjärs I about 200 m further south, also close to the road, at the edge of the middle area. \n\nHejnum Bjärs II was found by Nordin in 1894, after the excavations, when he examined the stones which covered grave no. 140 (Nordin et al. 1906, p. 53; no. 46 in Nerman 1969/75). The undisturbed cremation grave contained the following grave goods (ibid. and Rundkvist 2012, p. 153): a dress pin, a utensil brooch, a knife with metal-trimmed sheath, and a stamp-decorated pot. The burial can be dated to the late 6th century. "
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2234",
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"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2228",
"value_resource_id": 2228,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2228",
"display_title": "GP 182 Hejnum Bjärs V"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2232",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The stone’s lowermost part, probably the root, was broken off during its discovery and has not been found again. At the find spot, the two remaining pieces, forming the actual picture stone, were drawn by Fredrik Nordin (1903, fig. 2; 1906, fig. 14). In 1910, these matching pieces, or at least the lower fragment that can still be found today (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 413), were transferred to SHM, where Olof Sörling in 1911/12 produced a new drawing of them (ibid. I, fig. 28). Possibly, however, the ornamented top part already was lost at that time (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 70–71). “Limestone slab, 7–9 cm thick. The obverse is rough at the base, but less so further up and thus likely to be hewn there, though severely weathered. The narrow sides are dressed at an acute angle towards the obverse; whether they once were bounded by chamfers towards the obverse is unclear today. The width at the base is 59 cm. The total height including the now lost upper part was 75 cm” (ibid. 71). "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "75"
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "59"
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "9"
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The two matching pieces represent a more-or-less complete rectangular monument with a border at its upper edge, featuring an apparently well-executed regular, wave-like running-dog pattern. “In the upper border, the decoration was executed by the chiselling of the background field. On the surviving piece, a distinct groove can be seen that is 3 mm wide and runs along the right vertical edge. Of the same kind is the horizontal groove that – according to [Fredrik Nordin’s] drawing – separated two panels of equal height. Of the decorations in these panels, only very insignificant remains can be discerned on the preserved piece” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 71). The carvings mentioned by Lindqvist can be seen in the drawings by Fredrik Nordin from 1894 (Nordin 1903, fig. 2; 1906, fig. 14) and Olof Sörling from about 1911/12 (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 28; ATA run- och bildstenssamling). A sketchy version of Nordin’s drawing in ATA apparently depicts remnants of a roundel in the area below the upper horizintal border on the upper fragment. Today, the whole upper fragment is lost. The remaining lower fragment includes approximately the right half of the horizontal and approximately the lower half of the right lateral groove. Furthermore, investigations of 3-D models have clearly shown that there are at least three three-pointed bird foot-shaped elements that extend downwards from the horizontal line. Presumably, these are simplified sea creature elements indicating the three-tipped tail fins of the ketos- and dolphin-like creatures adopted from Roman models (cf. GP 506 Tingstäde kyrka XVII, GP 263 Lärbro Pavals, GP 196 Hellvi Ire I). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2551",
"value_resource_id": 2551,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2551",
"display_title": "GP 506 Tingstäde kyrka XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/add4277c8661737178ee16069235442a59dd1ae4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0506.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2309",
"value_resource_id": 2309,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2309",
"display_title": "GP 263 Lärbro Pavals",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b5e49ddf66bf244da67ebcdc242886c69150881.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0263.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2242",
"value_resource_id": 2242,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2242",
"display_title": "GP 196 Hellvi Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc68e4b9b5ba4f66282adec45b43af0db041d5d1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0196.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "The slab represents a special group of monuments related to the Early-type picture stones, Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, which is commonly dated to between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist calls those monuments Type A “dwarf stones with rectangular or almost rectangular shape” (1941/42 I, p. 31). There is only a small number of stones of this kind known so far; apart from Hejnum Bjärs II and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV, there are only GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X, GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI, and GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII. On most of them there is only very poor decoration which makes it debatable whether those monuments should be called ʻpicture stonesʼ or not. On the basis of comparisons between the border decoration and similar ornaments in jewellery, Nerman (1935, pp. 106–107) dates the stone to period VI:2 (circa the period AD 475–500 to 550–600). Grave no. 140 (46), on whose stone covering the small monument was found (see IV), can be dated to the late 6th century (period VII:1 according to Nerman, i.e. circa AD 550–600). According to this, there was only a relatively short time between the erection and the secondary use of the stone. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2234",
"value_resource_id": 2234,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2234",
"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/51d0f23e41e088f2041b2d520e86f7642ed63eb4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0188.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:references": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 144, fig. 2; Nordin et al. 1906, pp. 53, fig. 14; Nerman 1935, pp. 106–107, fig. 247; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 31, fig. 28; II, p. 70–71, fig. 413; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 146, 153. "
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"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1976:2740"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Hejnum 31:2"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Hejnum, Bjärs II"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4719",
"value_resource_id": 4719,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4719",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0187",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0187_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "133a"
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"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "14245"
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],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1894 vid arkeologiska undersökningar av ett stort gravfält söder om gården Bjärs. Stenen täckte en orörd brandgrav som kan dateras till 500-talet. Delar av stenen fördes till Statens historiska museum 1910. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (period A), bevarad höjd 75 cm och största bredd 59 cm. Kantdekor och horisontella band som delar stenen i två bildfält, utan bevarade bilder. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sea creature"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "dolphin"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCnPd7COoZkTYHMlXSP6kKPAdxIoTAnK7XlcKUI6YhTSuA?e=oTpFia"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2228",
"o:title": "GP 182 Hejnum Bjärs V"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2232",
"o:title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2234",
"o:title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2235",
"o:title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III"
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"@value": "The burial ground near Bjärs (Bjers) gård in Hejnum parish. "
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"@value": "Grav 160. Hör ihop med Bjers 4. Bjers 3 & 4 återfanns stående i vinkel mot varandra i Grav 160 (Nordin 1906 (ATS) sid 61f.)."
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"@value": "The Bjärs cemetery extends to the south of the farm on three closely spaced areas immediately east of the country road, consisting of a total of more than 80 stone settings still visible today, rösen (cairns) and other circular stone mounds: RAÄ Hejnum 31:1 (northern area, 165 x 50 m), 113:1 (middle area, 150 x 60 m), 36:1 (southern area, 190 x 30–65 m). A small area of 90 x 30 m containing 7 stone settings immediately west of the road, belonging to Bjärs prästgård (parsonage), is obviously also part of the Bjärs cemetery (RAÄ 45:1). About 160 graves were excavated by Fredrik Nordin (Nordin 1893; Nordin et al. 1906) during the years 1885–86. Further investigations of the spot were conducted by Nordin during the early 1890s. The cemetery was used from the Roman Iron Age until the Viking Period. Most of the graves, however, date to the Vendel Period. The stones Hejnum Bjärs II–V were found in the north-western corner of the northern cemetery area, close to the road and the stone Hejnum Bjärs I was found about 200 m further south, also close to the road, at the edge of the middle area. \n\nGP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and Hejnum Bjärs IV were found by Nordin in 1894 (Nordin 1903, p. 143; Nordin et al. 1906, pp. 61–62 [graves and stones], 138–140 [finds]; Nerman 1935, pp. 106–107). The stones were found together between graves no. 158 and 159 and appeared as unusually flat stones that rose from the ground (Nerman 1935, fig. 122). GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III was at least 165 cm long and protruded vertically from the ground so that one long side was stuck lengthwise in the ground and the slab only protruded slightly, at a maximum of 30–40 cm. At right angles to this, Hejnum Bjärs IV protruded from the ground at about the same height. GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III was oriented east-west and the smaller stone Hejnum Bjärs IV was oriented north-south. Directly next to GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III, remains of a pottery vessel, ashes and an iron knife were found (grave no. 160), which, however, cannot be dated. Nordin subsumes the two ornamented stones and the mentioned finds under grave 160, but notes that there are no bones that clearly indicate a burial. Directly next to Hejnum Bjärs IV, however, towards the east, were two stone cists (graves no. 160 A and B) lying directly next to each other and sharing one long side. One cist (160 A) contained burnt human bones, three ornamented pottery vessels, a small bronze plate and a bronze brooch. The other cist (160 B) contained burnt human bones, a bronze pin and spring of a brooch, a bronze finger ring, an ornamented pottery vessel and a small unornamented pottery vessel, as well as a bronze brooch. The stone cists were not visible above ground. Both partially melted and deformed brooches correspond to the same type (cross-shaped head with knobs and triangular foot) and date to the 5th century (Nerman 1935, p. 107; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 20). In the SHM catalogue, further information and new photos of the items are available; all finds mentioned above have the inventory number 10298:160, 10298:160A or 10298:160B. \nSO "
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"display_title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I",
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"@value": "The dimensions given by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 71) of the original limestone slab that was found are 67 cm in width, 52 cm in height, and 14 cm thick. Lindqvist only reproduces a photo of the stone taken by Harald Faith-Ell in 1933 (ibid. fig. 414), while Nordin’s and Olof Sörling’s drawings are kept in ATA (run- och bildstenssamling). At the time of discovery, the stone was already broken and included a large crack on its upper half that is clearly visible in the original photographs. This section has since broken off and is currently unaccounted for. The upper right corner in the photographs has also broken off but is kept together with the rest of the stone and can be seen in the current photographs and is included in the 3D model of the stone. The broad side of the stone is hewn flat but is heavily worn with little trace of the original carvings or ornamentation, while the back side of the stone is rough and unprocessed. Lindqvist describes the left narrow side as being “formed by a curved split surface extending downwards into the root” and the right side as being “hewn flat above the root, at right angles towards the obverse to a width of 11 cm” and connected to the broad side by a 2 cm wide chamfered edge (ibid.). The chamfered edge is not clearly visible, but there is a slightly angled edge approximately 1.5 cm wide next to the border decoration on the upper right fragment of the stone that has broken off. This lower edge of the stone that is described as the root, and on which it is set upright in the original photograph and the drawings, appears to have been cut relatively flat. The opposite surface, which is considered the upper edge, appears slightly rounded in the original photograph and was described by Lindqvist as hewn flat but heavily worn. Unfortunately, the upper edge consisted mostly of the fragment that is currently missing. \nCJL/SO "
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"@value": "52"
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"@value": "67"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "A thin incised groove (6–7 mm wide) runs horizontally across the length of the stone. Two parallel grooves 6–8 mm width and 1 mm depth are located on the separate fragment that constitutes the upper right corner and run parallel to the outer edge. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 71), there are possibly “some indistinct traces of a pattern just above the long groove.” On the 3D model there appears to be traces of a geometric design that may be similar to the geometric tendril border on GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III. \nCJL/SO "
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"display_title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec10dacbe80f9dc8ab26d97ea7cbad4b52371f7d.jpg",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 31, 110; II, p. 71) included Hejnum Bjärs IV within his ʻAbschnittʼ A which is dated to circa AD 400–600, but variously described it in his text as either a rectangular dwarf stone, a kerbstone, or more generally just as a picture stone. In his table of picture stones from ʻAbschnittʼ A, it is included under the section of ‘lying kerbstones’ (Liegende Randsteine) with “top decoration unknown” (ibid. p. 28). According to Lindqvist (1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/1942 I, pp. 21, 31–33), the kerbstones formed an edge chain which surrounded a grave mound, possibly with an erected Type A picture stone in the center. It should be pointed out that no evidence has been found to confirm that any of the erected Type A picture stones were placed within a grave mound (Larkin 2023a, p. 50). \n\nNerman (1935, pp. 106–107) dated grave no. 160A–B to Period VI:1 (c. AD 400 to 475–500) and grave no. 159 to Period VI:2 (c. AD 475–500 to 550–600). He dated the picture stone GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III to Period VI:2 based on comparisons between the border decoration and similar ornaments in jewellery (ibid.). It can be assumed that the cists and the low erected stones from Hejnum Bjärs were created at the same time. However, a connection between the graves and the stones cannot be proven with certainty. Based on the assessment of Oscar Montelius, Gabriel Gustafson and Fredrik Nordin believed that the sparsely decorated low stones GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and Hejnum Bjärs IV represent a transitional form between undecorated low erected stones and Type A picture stones (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 18–20). Nordin dated the brooches from grave no. 160A–B, and thus also GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and Hejnum Bjärs IV, to the period between AD 200 and 400 (ibid.). Lindqvist rejected this interpretation, dating the two stones on the basis of the brooches, in accordance with Nerman, to the 5th century, i.e., to the same period as the tall Type A picture stones, and classifying GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and even Hejnum Bjärs IV (albeit with uncertainty) as kerbstones (ibid. cf. Stenberger 1936, p. 85). \n\nThe question arises whether the stones GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and Hejnum Bjärs IV represent another type of picture stone to be separated from the kerbstones, and whether more of the monuments classified by Lindqvist as kerbstones were not in fact erected instead of lying in a circle on the ground (see Larkin 2023a). The sparsely decorated stones, which Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 31) describes as “dwarf stones with rectangular or almost rectangular shape”, also protrude only very slightly from the ground and are therefore comparable in this respect with GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III and Hejnum Bjärs IV. Lindqvist also counts GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II, GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X, GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI, and GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, all from grave contexts, among these rectangular dwarf stones. \n\nLindqvist (1964, p. 53) describes the two erected stones (GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III, Hejnum Bjärs IV) as having been kerbstones that were used secondarily, possibly to form a kind of above ground sacrificial coffin (offerkista). This is the same function which he proposed for the group of picture stones categorized as cist stones that are found in later periods (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–59; 1964, pp. 42–47, 49). Thus, he disregards the interpretation that these stones were meant to be erected and assumes that they were repurposed kerbstones. Lindqvist’s interpretation that these low decorated picture stones were kerbstones rather than erected stones is partly based on their dating. While it had previously been considered that these low stones were precursors to the tall, erected stones of ʻAbschnitt’ A, a transition from the earlier remnants of limestone slabs that have been found on grave fields from the Roman Iron Age, Lindqvist discarded this interpretation based on the concurrent dating of the low stones and the tall, erected stones (Stenberger 1936, p. 85; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 18–21, 31–33). While the two types of picture stones can be dated to the same time period, this does not exclude the possibility that they were both meant to be erected. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 31–33) also points to the long, narrow kerbstones with a convex outer edge (GP 377–381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VI, GP 382 Stenkyrka Tystebols, GP 566–569 Hellvi Ire II) to claim that these low, decorated stones were also kerbstones, however, this disregards the lack of decoration on the confirmed kerbstones and differences in their overall shape (for further discussion see Larkin 2023a). \nCJL/SO "
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"@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 143; Nordin et al. 1906, p. 61, fig. 16; Nerman 1935, pp. 106–107, fig. 122; Lindqvist 1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/42 I, pp. 18–20, 28, 31–33, 110; II, p. 71, fig. 414; 1964, p. 53; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p.187; Larkin 2023a, p.50. "
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "133b"
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"@value": "Grav 160. Hör ihop med Bjers 3. Bjers 3 & 4 återfanns stående i vinkel mot varandra i Grav 160 (Nordin 1906 (ATS) sid 61f.)."
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Bjärs cemetery extends to the south of the farm on three closely spaced areas immediately east of the country road, consisting of a total of more than 80 stone settings still visible today, rösen (cairns) and other circular stone mounds: RAÄ Hejnum 31:1 (northern area, 165 x 50 m), 113:1 (middle area, 150 x 60 m), 36:1 (southern area, 190 x 30–65 m). A small area of 90 x 30 m containing 7 stone settings immediately west of the road, belonging to Bjärs prästgård (parsonage), is obviously also part of the Bjärs cemetery (RAÄ 45:1). About 160 graves were excavated by Fredrik Nordin (Nordin 1893; Nordin et al. 1906) during the years 1885–86. Further investigations of the spot were conducted by Nordin during the early 1890s. The cemetery was used from the Roman Iron Age until the Viking Period. Most of the graves, however, date to the Vendel Period. The stones Hejnum Bjärs II–V were found in the north-western corner of the northern cemetery area, close to the road and the stone Hejnum Bjärs I was found about 200 m further south, also close to the road, at the edge of the middle area. \n\nHejnum Bjärs III and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV were found by Nordin in 1894 (Nordin 1903, p. 143; Nordin et al. 1906, pp. 61–62 [graves and stones], 138–140 [finds]; Nerman 1935, pp. 106–107). The stones were found together between graves no. 158 and 159 and appeared as unusually flat stones that rose from the ground (ibid. fig. 122). Hejnum Bjärs III was at least 165 cm long and protruded vertically from the ground so that one long side was stuck lengthwise in the ground and the slab only protruded slightly, at a maximum of 30–40 cm. At right angles to this, GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV protruded from the ground at about the same height. Hejnum Bjärs III was oriented east-west and the smaller stone Hejnum Bjärs IV was oriented north-south. Directly next to Hejnum Bjärs III, remains of a pottery vessel, ashes and an iron knife were found (grave no. 160), which, however, cannot be dated. Nordin subsumes the two ornamented stones and the mentioned finds under grave 160, but notes that there are no bones that clearly indicate a burial. Directly next to GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV, however, towards the east, were two stone cists (graves no. 160 A and B) lying directly next to each other and sharing one long side. One cist (160 A) contained burnt human bones, three ornamented pottery vessels, a small bronze plate and a bronze brooch. The other cist (160 B) contained burnt human bones, a bronze pin and spring of a brooch, a bronze finger ring, an ornamented pottery vessel and a small unornamented pottery vessel, as well as a bronze brooch. The stone cists were not visible above ground. Both partially melted and deformed brooches correspond to the same type (cross-shaped head with knobs and triangular foot) and date to the 5th century (Nerman 1935, p. 107; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 20). In the SHM catalogue, further information and new photos of the items are available; all finds mentioned above have the inventory number 10298:160, 10298:160A or 10298:160B. \nSO "
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"display_title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The original full stone that was found by Nordin consisted of three limestone fragments which are represented in Olof Sörling’s drawing that was reproduced by Fredrick Nordin in Lindqvist’s (1941/42 I, fig. 30) catalogue. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 71) estimates that based on Nordin’s drawing, the original stone was at least 165 cm long. The drawing portrays the stone as having a slightly convex upper edge and matching short ends that appear to have been cut straight. \n\nThe two remaining fragments that fit together form approximately the left third of the stone. Only these two fragments were transferred to SHM in Stockholm, while the larger right-hand piece of the monument remained in the burial ground and still lies there in the open. The remaining joined fragments measure 64 cm in length, 51 cm in width, and are 16 cm thick. The broad side was originally hewn flat but is worn and has considerable breakage along the upper edge where the border design is located. The back is rough and unprocessed. Lindqvist describes the upper narrow convex side as hewn flat, but there do appear to be two or three 5 cm wide vertical chisel grooves on the far left side. There does not appear to have been a chamfered edge. The left short end is straight and smoothly hewn to a length of 30 cm. The right short end is a secondary fracture. \n\nThe secondary paint, probably applied by Lindqvist, is still visible on the fragments in SHM. Nordin’s and Olof Sörling’s drawings of the entire stone, including the right part, as well as photos of the unpainted and painted left part are available in ATA and published by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, fig. 30; II, figs. 410–411; ATA run- och bildstenssamling 1719:22, 2425:20–21, 2440:36 et al.). \nCJL/SO "
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"@value": "64"
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"@value": "51"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The remains of a border panel, approximately 14 cm in width, runs parallel to the upper edge of the broad side of the stone. The border panel is defined on the upper edge by an approximately 0.7 cm wide chiseled groove that is located 2 cm in from the upper edge of the stone. The lower edge of the border panel is defined by a 1 cm wide chiseled groove. The design within the border panel is carved at least partially in relief and was described by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 71) as a geometric plant tendril and by Nordin as a degenerated meander pattern (Nordin et al. 1906, p. 61). The same stylized and geometrized tendril is used as border decoration on the tall Type A picture stones GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV, GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I, GP 268 Martebo kyrka I, and GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46. \nCJL/SO "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395",
"value_resource_id": 2395,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2395",
"display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600",
"value_resource_id": 2600,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2600",
"display_title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0556.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2314",
"value_resource_id": 2314,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2314",
"display_title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/aecb9b7fd2144e277ea39955771f9bf58312c293.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0268.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2473",
"value_resource_id": 2473,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2473",
"display_title": "GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cf80fb7f442e093cfa7da0317203b32744faf3a3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0428.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 33) categorized Hejnum Bjärs III as a group 2 kerbstone which is described as having a geometric tendril border (Randsteinplatte mit geometrischer Rankenborte). Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 31–33, 110) included the kerbstones within his first grouping of picture stones that he refers to as ʻAbschnitt’ A and which are dated to circa AD 400–600 (see also Oehrl 2019a, pp. 8–10). According to Lindqvist (1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/1942 I, pp. 21, 31–33), the kerbstones formed an edge chain which surrounded a grave mound, possibly with an erected Type A picture stone in the center. However. no evidence has been found to confirm that any of the erected Type A picture stones were placed within a grave mound (Larkin 2023a, p. 50). \n\nNerman (1935, pp. 106–107) dated grave no. 160A–B to Period VI:1 (c. AD 400 to 475–500) and grave no. 159 to Period VI:2 (c. AD 475–500 to 550–600). He dated the picture stone Hejnum Bjärs III to Period VI:2 based on comparisons between the border decoration and similar ornaments in jewelry (ibid.). It can be assumed that the cists and the low erected stones from Hejnum Bjärs were created at the same time. However, a connection between the graves and the stones cannot be proven with certainty. Based on the assessment of Oscar Montelius, Gabriel Gustafson and Fredrik Nordin believed that the sparsely decorated low stones Hejnum Bjärs III and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV represent a transitional form between undecorated low erected stones and Type A picture stones (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 18–20). Nordin dated the brooches from grave no. 160A–B, and thus also Hejnum Bjärs III and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV, to the period between AD 200 and 400 (ibid.). Lindqvist rejected this interpretation, dating the two stones on the basis of the brooches, in accordance with Nerman, to the 5th century, i.e., to the same period as the tall Type A picture stones, and classifying Hejnum Bjärs III and even GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV (albeit with uncertainty) as kerbstones (ibid. cf. Stenberger 1936, p. 85). \n\nThe question arises whether the stones Hejnum Bjärs III and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV represent another type of picture stone to be separated from the kerbstones, and whether more of the monuments classified by Lindqvist as kerbstones were not in fact erected instead of lying in a circle on the ground (see Larkin 2023a). The sparsely decorated stones, which Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 31) describes as “dwarf stones with rectangular or almost rectangular shape”, also protrude only very slightly from the ground and are therefore comparable in this respect with Hejnum Bjärs III and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV. Lindqvist also counts GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II, GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X, GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI, and GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, all from grave contexts, among these rectangular dwarf stones. In the case of GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV, he is apparently uncertain; in volume I of “Gotland’s Bildsteine” he classifies it with reservation among the rectangular dwarf stones, and in volume II he calls it a “picture stone or kerbstone” (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p.31; II, p. 71). In his overview table, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 28, table I) finally lists the stone among the lying kerbstones, with “top decoration unknown”. \n\nLindqvist (1964, p. 53) describes the two erected stones (Hejnum Bjärs III, GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV) as having been kerbstones that were used secondarily, possibly to form a kind of above ground sacrificial coffin (offerkist). This is the same function which he proposed for the group of picture stones categorized as cist stones that are found in later periods (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–59; 1964, pp. 42–47, 49). Thus, he disregards the interpretation that these stones were meant to be erected and assumes that they were repurposed kerbstones. Lindqvist’s interpretation that these low decorated picture stones were kerbstones rather than erected stones is partly based on their dating. While it had previously been considered that these low stones were precursors to the tall, erected stones of ʻAbschnitt’ A, a transition from the earlier remnants of limestone slabs that have been found on grave fields from the Roman Iron Age, Lindqvist discarded this interpretation based on the concurrent dating of the low stones and the tall, erected stones (Stenberger 1936, p. 85; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 18–21, 31–33). While the two types of picture stones can be dated to the same time period, this does not exclude the possibility that they were both meant to be erected. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 31–33) also points to the long, narrow kerbstones with a convex outer edge (GP 377–381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VI, GP 382 Stenkyrka Tystebols, GP 566–569 Hellvi Ire II) to claim that these low, decorated stones were also kerbstones, however, this disregards the lack of decoration on the confirmed kerbstones and differences in their overall shape (for further discussion see Larkin 2023a). \nCJL/SO "
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2233",
"display_title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II",
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{
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"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422",
"value_resource_id": 2422,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2422",
"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423",
"value_resource_id": 2423,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2423",
"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424",
"value_resource_id": 2424,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2424",
"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
"value_resource_id": 2425,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2425",
"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
"value_resource_id": 2426,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2426",
"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2427",
"value_resource_id": 2427,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2427",
"display_title": "GP 382 Stenkyrka Tystebols II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7a5cbd859bfb92d9d408e462dc10c7360b0906f2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0382.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2610",
"value_resource_id": 2610,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2610",
"display_title": "GP 566 Hellvi Ire II:1"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2611",
"value_resource_id": 2611,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2611",
"display_title": "GP 567 Hellvi Ire II:2"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2612",
"value_resource_id": 2612,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2612",
"display_title": "GP 568 Hellvi Ire II:3"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2613",
"value_resource_id": 2613,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2613",
"display_title": "GP 569 Hellvi Ire II:4"
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],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kerb stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Nordin 1903, p. 143, fig. 1; Nordin et al. 1906, p. 61, figs. 16–17; Nerman 1935, pp. 106–107, figs. 122, 246; Lindqvist 1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/42 I, pp. 18–21, 28, 31–33, 110, 112, fig. 30; II, p. 71, figs. 410–411; 1964, p. 53; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p.187; Larkin 2023a, p. 50. "
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum 31:2"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum, Bjärs III"
}
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"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4721",
"value_resource_id": 4721,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4721",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0189",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0189B_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "134"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10298:160"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nStenen påträffades 1894 vid arkeologiska undersökningar av ett stort gravfält söder om gården Bjärs. Stenen låg tillsammans med GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV vid två stenkistor, med fynd från 400-talet. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nKantsten eller dvärgsten (period A), bevarad längd 64 cm och bredd 51 cm. Kantdekor. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBGRPKZSArKQ6QoSG2uHgLtAWasLvRBjhK_EMdBV_8WPws?e=W0bjUR"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2228",
"o:title": "GP 182 Hejnum Bjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2232",
"o:title": "GP 186 Hejnum Bjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2233",
"o:title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2234",
"o:title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2236",
"o:title": "GP 190 Hejnum Bjärs 6"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2234",
"o:title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2234",
"o:title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4721",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0189"
}
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}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2238",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2238,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 192 Hejnum Mallgårds 2",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/06aad141168aadf887a20ad903d1ca97cf3c265b.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/06aad141168aadf887a20ad903d1ca97cf3c265b.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/06aad141168aadf887a20ad903d1ca97cf3c265b.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T09:47:43+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3948",
"o:id": 3948
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3948",
"o:id": 3948
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 192 Hejnum Mallgårds 2"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0192"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In the area of an old road about 150 m east of Mallgårds farm, Hejnum parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum Mallgårds"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Påträffad på 1930-talet i närheten av Mallgårds 1, fast på fast mark"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kept in the yard of Mallgårds farm, Hejnum parish."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hejnum Mallgårds"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mallgårds. På gårdsplanen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone was found in the 1930s on the property of landowner Helmer Andersson, approx. 150 m east of his farm Mallgårds in Hejnum parish. It was discovered by Andersson in the area of an old road, on solid ground. After its discovery, the stone was moved to the farmyard, where it is kept among other archaeologically relevant stone finds (RAÄ Hejnum 114) – a stone with sliprännor (grinding grooves), presumably a medieval column base, and perhaps a gravklot (large spherical stone). In 1952 or 1953, another picture stone was found at the same spot, close to the one discussed here, but in a swampy area of the old road, apparently re-used as filling material (GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1). This one is now placed next to the driveway leading to the farmyard. Both finds were reported to RAÄ by Erik Nylén in 1960 (ATA dnr 990/60, 1960-01-21, including photos). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237",
"value_resource_id": 2237,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2237",
"display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/855ec9431b6c9e9bfbe4f6c67dad7f8bf35813e5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone is 0.70 m high and 0.56 m wide. The monument is almost complete, only the lowest part and the root seem to be broken off. Thus, the monument must have been quite small, less than 1.00 m high. A small part of the surface, at one of the head’s corners, seems to be cracked and broken away. Otherwise, the stone itself is almost perfectly preserved. However, remains of carvings can no longer be determined, as the limestone slab is too weathered. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "70"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "56"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of carvings are discernible with certainty. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Since the stone is almost complete and only its lowest part is lost, it cannot have been much larger, probably less than 1.00 m in total. The shape (convex head with corners protruding at right angles to the stone’s body) and the size of the dwarf stone indicate a Type B picture stone, dating between AD 500 and 700. Type B stones like GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde and GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV are good parallels for its shape. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2294",
"value_resource_id": 2294,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2294",
"display_title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0248.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2410",
"value_resource_id": 2410,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2410",
"display_title": "GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/60bae38d84d98092b99dc6de7ac56e2a831613aa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0365.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 203 cat. no. 413. "
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4724",
"value_resource_id": 4724,
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0192",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0192_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "413"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid en väg på 1930-talet, cirka 150 m öster om gården Mallgårds. Fördes då till gårdsplanen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nBildstenen står på gårdsplanen till Mallgårds. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn nästan helt bevarad dvärgsten (typ B) 70 x 56 cm. Inga spår av bilder på stenen. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
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"is_public": true,
"@value": "6399087"
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"property_id": 290,
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"property_id": 295,
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"@value": "715145"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDjRJ7Phv7gTaAG2tb5qNVmASMueQUCBLMwm-MAbATJZRM?e=HcgTFP"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2237",
"o:title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1"
}
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4724",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0192"
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/163",
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"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2238",
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"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.682455626097884,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.60892734930485,
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
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"o:id": 2239,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4232",
"o:id": 4232
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"o:media": [
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"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
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"dcterms:title": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0193"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The burial ground of Ire (old spelling ʻIhreʼ) in Hellvi parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hellvi"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hellvi Ire"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sekundärplacerad som täcksten över brandlager i grav 162"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The cemetery of Ire is one of Gotland’s largest and most important Iron Age burial grounds. It lies directly south of Lilla Ire farm, on a narrow, elongated elevation in the terrain, an area of about 385 x 40–70 m (NNV-SSÖ) immediately along and east of the road between Lilla Ire and Stora Ire. An estimated 400 (according to RAÄ, while Stenberger mentioned about 600) stone settings (rösen (cairns) and other circular stone settings) are still visible today. The burial ground was used continuously from the Roman Iron Age to the late Viking Period, is rich in finds and barely disturbed. During the straightening of the road, the first graves, which date to different periods, were archaeologically investigated in 1933–34. This was followed by isolated investigations of graves in various areas of the cemetery. In 1941–43 and 1945, the southern, Viking-Age part of the burial ground was completely excavated under the direction of Mårten Stenberger (1936; 1942a–b; 1961; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 390–437). \n\nHellvi Ire III was discovered by Stenberger in 1933. It had been reused as covering slab on the undisturbed cremation grave no. 162 (= grave no. 305 in Nerman 1969/75; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 392; Rundkvist 2012, p. 153 no. 19). The cremation grave was not visible above ground. The picture stone lay face down directly on the grave pit, which was about 20 cm deep, with a 35 cm thick layer of earth, fieldstones and limestone slabs above it. Besides some less significant finds (pottery sherds, a bronze sheet fitting, an iron nail), the burial contained a seax. However, the type and date of the seax, i.e., the only dateable find in the grave, has been assessed differently – late Vendel or early Viking Period (see IX). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents a complete middle-type picture stone, including its root. It had been broken into two pieces; the root and a small part of the base are broken off but both fragments still perfectly fit together. Otherwise, the monument is undamaged. The slab is described by Lindqvist as follows (1941/42 II, p. 74): “Limestone slab, 8 cm thick. The obverse obviously was dressed above the root. The narrow sides are hewn flat at right angles towards the obverse and have a chamfer of about 0.5 cm width towards the obverse. The reverse is raw. The height is 85.5 cm, of which 50 cm are accounted for by the part above the base. The width between the upper corners is 38.5 cm, at the neck, it is 33.5 cm, and at the base 40 cm.” The carvings are secondarily painted. Lindqvist’s photo (1941/42 I, fig. 37) was taken by Harald Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA run- och bildstenssamling 1718:45). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "85"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "8"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist describes the carvings as follows (1941/42 I, p. 74): “Decorated with lines of nearly 2 mm width, with rounded bases. There is a framing border with a simplified band [twisted cord] pattern; the lower panel of the field is filled with a rhombic pattern reminiscent of basket work, the upper panel has a band looped into two pretzels in a slightly chiselled field.” "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "If the interlace and knot motifs on Hellvi Ire III and other middle type ʻdwarf stonesʼ such as 74 Endre skog and GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I represent more than just decoration, an apotropaic intention should be considered. The conception of knot, net and interlace patterns as magical protective devices against all kinds of harm, fettering, capturing and caging the evil in their impenetrable web, is widespread and well documented in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and has also been discussed regarding Late Iron Age Scandinavia, namely in case of the animal style (e.g. Scheftelowitz 1912; Weigert 1938; Wessel 1971; Zischka 1977; Kitzinger 1993; Graf 2010, 29–35; Wamers 2008, 52–54; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 265–288; Oehrl 2019a, p. 123). That serpent-like animals, intertwined and knotted together, represent fettered and defanged demons, is easy to imagine. In the case of the Gotlandic picture stones, the considered apotropaic power of interlace and knot motifs (possibly also of ʻnetʼ patterns depicted on GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds; GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs; GP 578 Alva Änge; and perhaps also Hellvi Ire III) would most probably be directed against grave robbers or against the buried person, whose return was feared. Measures against both are well proven, e.g., by runestone inscriptions (Düwel 1978). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
"value_resource_id": 2399,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2399",
"display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"value_resource_id": 2319,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2319",
"display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"value_resource_id": 2621,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2621",
"display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns it to his Sojvidegruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 36–37), which is characterized by the shape described above and simple or no remaining decoration at all. Lindqvist compares the interlace or knot motifs of Hellvi Ire III and other middle-type picture stones with the decoration of Vendel Period brooches in order to support his dating of ʻAbschnittʼ B (ibid. p. 116). \n\nThe date of the burial in which the stone was found depends on the dating of the seax (see IV). Nerman dated the grave to Period VII:3 (c. AD 650–700), while Nørgård Jørgensen (1999, p. 266) assigns the weapon to her type SAX7, i.e., the early 9th century. Thunmark-Nylén also placed the burial in the Viking Age and included it in her study. In Martin Rundkvist’s opinion (2012, p. 153), however, the sword’s dimensions and proportions assign it to type SAX3. Therefore, he dates the burial to the interval AD 600–750. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 116, fig. 37; II, p. 74; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, p. 392; Guber 2011, p. 130 cat. no. 42; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 151, 153, 157, 159. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hellvi, Ire III"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4725",
"value_resource_id": 4725,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4725",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0193",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "141"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "20550:162"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1933 vid undersökningar av gravfältet Ire. Stenen hade återanvänts som täckhäll till en ostörd jordbegravning, från sen vendeltid eller tidig vikingatid. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (period B), 85,5 cm hög och som bredast 40 cm. Kantdekor och två bildfält. Det övre med två kringlor och det nedre med ett rombiskt mönster, som påminner om korgflätning. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "interlace"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "geometric pattern"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6411605"
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],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "729974"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
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"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBWAXfngPn0QKjt8XoJjAnFAZVQxPx10FixPqWS51cs0Xk?e=mwi0fV"
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],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2621",
"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2139",
"o:title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2319",
"o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2399",
"o:title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121",
"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "This is one of eight picture stones found in the summer of 1900, beneath the floor in Ardre church during restoration work: Ardre kyrka I–VIII (GP 15–18, 20, 21, 23). For more about the find circumstances, see GP 17 Ardre kyrka V. \n\nJudging by the runic inscriptions, this stone, GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII (G 112), and the stone GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV (G 111) belong to the same family. They seem to have been placed side by side in the church floor, to the north-east of the large older picture stone GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, and they may have stood beside each other in the churchyard. In the church floor, the face with the inscription was turned upwards. However, Pipping was uncertain as to the exact situation of the stone in the church floor (Pipping 1901; GR I, p. 204). \nLKÅ"
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"display_title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/883a0994612ead208916a483f2f792664bcb1712.jpg",
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"display_title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II",
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"display_title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V",
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"display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI",
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"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
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"display_title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Limestone slab, 4.5–6 cm thick. The stone’s overall height is 0.72 m; the largest width is 0.50 m. The width of the head is 0.33 m, that of the neck 0.26 m; the height between the tip and the lower edge of the vertical border at the neck on face A is 0.29 m. The height of the runes is c. 4 cm in the head and 5 cm in the horizontal ribbon. The stone has been broken into four pieces (GR I, p. 204; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 22). \n\nCurved broad faces, of which face B is worn down by footsteps to such an extent that nothing can be said about a possible levelling by hewing or grinding; in contrast, face A appears to have preserved its naturally smooth surface from the neck down, but the head probably has been levelled before the rich decoration was added there. The narrow sides are hewn flat, partly with chisel marks preserved, at right angles towards the broad sides. In one place, face A is separated from the narrow side by a chamfer (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 22). \n\nThe decoration had been outlined, sketched out with scratched lines, which in the borders were then carved into grooves, 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep, with rounded base. In the head of face A, these lines typically were carved about 2–3 cm deep, at which the background field was chiselled down to about the same depth and then smoothed. In the runic inscription, some of the dots are drilled (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 22). \n\nJudging by a photo in ATA with a signature H. A-son (possibly Hulda Andersson, photo assistant at the Swedish National Heritage Board and the Historical Museum in the 1920s to 1930s), which seems to show how the two parts of the broken stone are glued together, the stone seems to have been repaired in 1934 (Run- och bildstenssamlingen ATA). \nLKÅ"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "72"
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"@value": "50"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The stone has carvings on both sides, face A with a runic inscription only, and face B with a border ornament and a runic serpent tied by a palmette knot. \n\nOn face A, the runic inscription starts at the lower left and follows the edge around the head of the stone; it ends with a crossing horizontal ribbon below the neck of the stone. The runes in the ribbon are upside down and are read from the right to the left. \n\nFace B has a border ornament and a horizontal ribbon below the neck, both containing a running dog motif. The border along the edge continues below the horizontal ribbon. Where the border ends, there is an additional horizontal ribbon, but this one is only sketchily carved, and the grooves have not been deepened by subsequent carving phases. Inside the border and the upper horizontal ribbon, the surface is sunken. It contains a relief-carved dragon in runestone style with the head on the right side. The dragon’s body is entwined by tendrils of its own body, and it is tied by a palmette knot. Face A is in a more worn condition than face B, while the surface of the latter is remarkably well preserved. Probably, the stone has been lying on the ground (or floor) for awhile with face A turned upwards, exposed to treading and weathering. Some of the runes are faint or nearly erased (GR I, p. 204). \n\nIn a photo by Harald Faith-Ell in 1933, it can be seen that there is a second horizontal ribbon across the stone surface, where the border ornament ends. This ribbon is only sketch ily carved, and its groove has not been deepened by further cutting. There are carved lines on the root as well, which might indicate that this is a reused picture stone (Run- och bildstenssamlingen ATA). \nLKÅ"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "The dragon or serpent bound by a union knot with a palmette is a common feature in runestone art. This theme can be interpreted in a Christian context as demon powers fettered by the tree of life, expressed according to a northern 11th-century taste where the Old Norse eschatology can easily be reconciled with Christian concepts (Karlsson 1983, pp. 66, 110; Hultgård 1994, p. 290; Thrainsson 1994; Zachrisson 1998, pp. 142f., 238; Oehrl 2019). \n\nThe running dog motif appears as border ornament on several other picture stones, eg., on the B-stones GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II, GP 276 När Rikvide, GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire I and GP 193 Hellvi St. Ire III. GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II, as well as GP 143 Halla Broa I and GP 142 Halla Broa VII, have two horizontal ribbons. It is feasible that the carver wished to pick up elements seen on an older picture stone in the same parish, although the shape of the slab is not the same. \n\n The size and shape, in combination with the ornament and the runic inscription, indicate that this is an early Christian churchyard monument (see GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV; GR I, p. 50; Ljung 2016 I, pp. 165, 169). \n\n Birgit Sawyer discussed the inscription in the context of inheritance, where she pays attention to how the stone together with GP 22 Ardre kyrka IV (G 111) illustrates reverse inheritance, i.e., through the children into another family (Sawyer 1991, p. 220f.). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
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{
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2311",
"value_resource_id": 2311,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2311",
"display_title": "GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/484b0a59fad4bb1f9f7311df69adf83c605cb1c3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0265.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2070",
"value_resource_id": 2070,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2070",
"display_title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/519e9de4d3f51bbb6cccecdfccb2f0c96b25e1d1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0023O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2069",
"value_resource_id": 2069,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2069",
"display_title": "GP 22 Ardre kyrka III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b5bf1549e8ad7f29e1148d9391b8d9c57de305b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0022O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf-stone. Pr3, c. 1045–1075 AD, according to the style-chronological system by Anne-Sofie Gräslund (Gräslund 2006, p. 126). Snædal includes the stone in her Ardre group, sepulchral monuments in the form of picture stones with runic inscriptions along the edge and pictorial elements in the middle (Snædal 2002, p. 67). Snædal indicates that, based on runological criteria, the runic picture stones from Ardre can be dated to 1100 to 1130 (Snædal 2002, p. 99f.). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "html",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "siba : lit × kearua × stain × hebtiʀ × totuʀ × sina auk × roþiauþar
\n\n
\n\nOld West Norse
\n\nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) lét gera stein eptir dóttur sína ok Hróðþjóðar.
\n\n
\n\nRunic Swedish
\n\nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) let gæra stæin æftiʀ dottur sina ok Hroðþiuðaʀ.
\n\n
\n\nEnglish
\n\nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) had the stone made in memory of his and Hróðþjóð's daughter.
\n\n
\n\nSwedish
\n\nSibba lät göra stenen efter sin och Rodiauds dotter.
\n\n
\n\nQuote from Runor
",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Pipping 1900; 1901, Brate 1902; Noreen 1904, p. 482; Lindqvist 1941/42, Fig. 155, 156, 168, 224e, II, p. 22; Snædal 2002, pp. 67, 70, 100."
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre, Kirche VII"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4554",
"value_resource_id": 4554,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4554",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0020",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0020_RGB.nxz",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBcYW3vKNYgTqBWgTBOEBn9ASARxpZV3g7YFtTm6WMnURc?e=9moHRJ"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2065",
"o:title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2069",
"o:title": "GP 22 Ardre kyrka III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2070",
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2062",
"o:title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2063",
"o:title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
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"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2065",
"o:title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2525",
"o:title": "GP 480 Stånga kyrka I"
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4554",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0020"
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"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2067",
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"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.37946550998916,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.696825408134487,
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"medium": null,
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"o:created": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
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"dcterms:identifier": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0200"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/7f6bacb0-0520-448d-9ccd-18dae94bcc80",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the property belonging to the farm Lindvide gård in Hemse parish? "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Hemse"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hemse Lindvide 3:2"
}
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"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown. In the farmyard of Lindvide gård, Hemse parish?"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lost"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone fragment is recorded in the 1978 inventory, including a sketch-like drawing; in Lammʼs list it is registered among the picture stones found between 1976 and 1979 (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 202). The actual find spot is not recorded; probably it was discovered on the property of Lindvide gård (farm), possibly by ploughing. Since its discovery, the stone was kept in the farmyard/garden of Lindvide gård, placed about 13 m south-west of the farm houseʼs north-western corner and 4 m south of the brewhouse. Since the late 2010s, however, the slab is not there anymore and currently is not traceable. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is 0.6 m high and 0.4 m wide, its thickness is about 3–5 cm. The carved surface is heavily weathered. The major part of the almost rectangular stone fragment represents its root and its base, while only a small part of the lower image field is preserved. The only documentation of the stone and its carvings is available in a sketch-like drawing added to the regarding inventory entry. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "60"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "5"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
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"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "As noted above, the major part of the slab represents the picture stoneʼs root and its base, the latter of which is decorated with a horizontal zig-zag border. Only a small part of the lower image field is preserved, featuring remains of the lateral border decoration, which represents a typical step pattern (geometrized twisted cord), and a pair of facing birds. The bird on the left-hand side features a massive body with a pointed tail and a long neck, while most of its head is missing. The bird on the right-hand side is even more damaged; only its body can be discerned. Nevertheless, the birds clearly correspond to the aquatic birds frequently depicted on the dwarf stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B (see IX). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or facing pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). For more information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular, concerning eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B, see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. It could be assigned to Lindqvistʼs Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37), which, in particular, is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a simple vessel in the upper field of the stone. Those monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nA wide horizontal border with zigzag pattern along the base can also be seen on other monuments of the Stenstu group, on GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens and GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu as well as GP 146 Halla Broa VIII. On GP 143 Halla Broa I, the zigzag pattern is filling the background of the image field. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2140",
"value_resource_id": 2140,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2140",
"display_title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5be55c4c7284e4bf3e5c340122d6f15977aa72f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0093.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"value_resource_id": 2192,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2192",
"display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No publications"
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:88"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hemse 69:1"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4732",
"value_resource_id": 4732,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4732",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0200"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
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"display_title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III"
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"@value": "Runic inscription along the edge with double incised contour lines. Inside of the border, there is a ringed cross with vegetative ornament between its cross-arms. There are drilled separation marks and some of the branches of the runes have drilled endpoints, which is a typical characteristic of Gotland runestones (see GP 362 Stenkumla kyrka II). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2407",
"value_resource_id": 2407,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2407",
"display_title": "GP 362 Stenkumla kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/45bec11b64f75d8a83010cc22ce14bc80a9b7748.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0362.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other runic picture stones with crosses include GP 588 Atlingbo kyrka (G 200), GP 235 Linde kyrka, GP 208 Hogrän kyrka (G 203), GP 355–356 Sjonhem kyrka(G 134–135), GP 362 Stenkumla kyrka (G 208) and GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka (G 370). The last-mentioned stone from Hablingbo is perhaps the best parallel regarding the size of the cross, with its cross-arms filling the available space and the shaft continuing below the neck of the stone. Thorgunn Snædal includes the stone in her group of picture stone-shaped runestones with Middle Scandinavian runestone ornament (Snædal 2002, p. 67). \n\nCecilia Ljung discussed the small runic picture stones of type E in relation to early Christian grave monuments on Öland (see also GP 279 När Mickelgårds). They have in common their small size, dressed shape, and that the ornament often is carved in relief. It is reasonable to believe that the Gotland stones had the same function as grave monuments as the Öland stones, but as Ljung observes, not all on Gotland have been found in churchyards (Ljung 2016 I, p. 165f.). Just as for example GP 279 När Mickelgårds and GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III (G 117), our stone GP 214 (G 116) has been found more than a kilometre from the church.\nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2631",
"value_resource_id": 2631,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2631",
"display_title": "GP 588 Atlingbo kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/30dcccad525d013882e66aefaf1aac8baabdbb58.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0588.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2281",
"value_resource_id": 2281,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2281",
"display_title": "GP 235 Linde kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/19c3f1fe21d4b9cf358d950ffce76aa6548fda26.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0235.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2254",
"value_resource_id": 2254,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2254",
"display_title": "GP0208",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/087237d5e2c627ef58205439a3b085cef91e3da4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0208.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2400",
"value_resource_id": 2400,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2400",
"display_title": "GP 355 Sjonhem kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1f21e57d318b5b907b3144aba8839fc88ee86a8a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0355.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2401",
"value_resource_id": 2401,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2401",
"display_title": "GP 356 Sjonhem kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dd731970b08291347ac4c1b641a1a215069aad44.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0356.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2407",
"value_resource_id": 2407,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2407",
"display_title": "GP 362 Stenkumla kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/45bec11b64f75d8a83010cc22ce14bc80a9b7748.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0362.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2176",
"value_resource_id": 2176,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2176",
"display_title": "GP 130 Hablingbo kyrka 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67afb3c25ee680b371d8fde99e68c393a95036bb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0130.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2325",
"value_resource_id": 2325,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2325",
"display_title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bb97537ea594f40c4b68f4cef2f061c3c179e03f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0279.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2263",
"value_resource_id": 2263,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2263",
"display_title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf stone. 11th century. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "… …ansi : eftir : mutifu : sun sin : asy : sa-… \n\nOld West Norse\n… [þ]enna eptir , son sinn … … \n\nRunic Swedish \n… [þ]annsi æftiʀ , sun sinn … … \n\nEnglish\n… this in memory of , his son … \n\nSwedish\n… denna [sten] efter , sin son … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The inscription includes an unusual name, which for long escaped interpretation in relation to the Old Norse name “treasure”. The name of the commemorated son in the inscription is represented by the runic sequence mutifu. Snædal suggests that the son might have been named after someone the father met in his travels to foreign countries (Snædal 2004, p. 36). Another suggestion is that mutifu can be interpreted as accusative of Mutt-Ifa (Jacobsson 2004, p. 122f.), but this interpretation has been met with some skepticism, partly because the supposed main name is unusual or unknown (Källström 2012, p. 69). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 82, Fig. 430, GR I, G 116; Snædal 2002, pp. 67, 74; 2004, p. 36. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kräklingbi, Smiss II"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1875"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4746",
"value_resource_id": 4746,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4746",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0214",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0214_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "158"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 116"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBLY4Bt6ynNT7SBFivEksBiAUNLUtS5YFCbUpAT6xuPfUw?e=k6l5S5"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2263",
"o:title": "GP 217 Kräklingbo Smiss III"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2405",
"o:title": "GP 360 Sproge kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4746",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0214"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2261,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:12+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T10:04:15+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4246",
"o:id": 4246
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4246",
"o:id": 4246
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0215"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The farmyard of ʻSmiss gårdʼ in Kräklingbo parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kräklingbo"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kräklingbo Smiss"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist only notes that the stone fragment was donated to Gotlands Museum by district physician Kurt Bergsröm in 1931 (1941/42 II, p. 82). According to letters kept in ATA (dnr 4111/31; 2928/31; 2932/31; 4818/31; 4111/31), it was discovered by the farmer Karl Båtelsson in 1931, among other stone pieces which formed the foundation of a fence post on the farmyard. Båtelsson gave it to the physician as a gift. Despite targeted efforts, no other fragments of the picture stones were found. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 8 cm thick. The obverse is worked and even. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with a chamfer in between. The reverse is rough and unworked. The fragment’s height is 31 cm, its width 32 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 82). The fragment represents the major part of the head and neck of a small mushroom-shaped picture. Approximately the right third of the head and neck is broken off. The coarsely carved lines are clearly discernible; there are no traces of weathering or abrasion. The surface is remarkably even. The carvings have not been traced with paint. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "31"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "32"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The decoration, executed with lines with rounded bases, features – inside of a border with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern – a running animal with a large antler (elk?) in the topmost panel as well as a section of a rectangular, chequered pattern (sail?) just below that” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 82). The animal’s antler is drawn in a confusing way; however, it does not look like the shovel-shape of an elk’s antler but more like a stylised branched antler of a red deer stag. On two more Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ deer representations can be seen. GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer stag over which an intertwined snake is positioned. GP 551 Väskinde Butter depicts a red deer stag eating a serpent. Furthermore, there are three late-type picture stones with deer depictions as well: GP 98 Garda kyrka II (two facing moose, which have an 8-shaped loop – maybe a snake? – between their mouths), the cist stone GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 (a red deer stag attacked by two hunters), and GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II (a red deer with long, backwards-turned antlers). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145",
"value_resource_id": 2145,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2145",
"display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf",
"thumbnail_type": "application/pdf"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241",
"value_resource_id": 2241,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2241",
"display_title": "GP0195"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075",
"value_resource_id": 2075,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2075",
"display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "For the interpretation of deer depictions (see VI) and, in particular, the (Christian) deer-and-serpent motif on Type B picture stones see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small size and the typical step pattern (probably to be regarded as simplified twisted cord pattern) indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones with convex, almost semi-circular head with corners protruding downwards. Lindqvist does not assign it to any of his subgroups. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"@value": "Ardre kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre Ka 1-8 återfanns i golvet i kyrkan vid renovering"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "This is one of eight picture stones found in the summer of 1900, beneath the floor in Ardre church during restoration work: Ardre kyrka I–VIII (GP 15–18, 20, 21, 23). For more about the find circumstances, see GP 17 Ardre V. \n\nOur stone Ardre III was lying to the north of the large picture stone GP 21 Ardre VIII, close to the northern wall of the old church (Pipping 1901, p. 6; ATA). When Pipping first arrived, part of the scaffolding was standing on the stone, but he got help to relieve the stone from the scaffolding and to excavate it from soil. The stone was broken into two parts. Pipping returned later the same summer and again in October to complete his drawings of the inscription (Pipping 1901, p. 3f.; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 18). In the autumn of 1900, the stone was incorporated in the collections of the Swedish History Museum, but it is deposited in Gotland Museum. \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2062",
"value_resource_id": 2062,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2062",
"display_title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/883a0994612ead208916a483f2f792664bcb1712.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0015.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2063",
"value_resource_id": 2063,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2063",
"display_title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53bc3e295f23015eb55c0e1c0f9775a1be226dae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0016.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2064",
"value_resource_id": 2064,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2064",
"display_title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8da81547e9810098f74b00d4843f3db4c784b657.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0017.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065",
"value_resource_id": 2065,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2065",
"display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0018.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2067",
"value_resource_id": 2067,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2067",
"display_title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d1d30f6ed5ad74a98fb3fa5229b9235f270004e5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0020O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2070",
"value_resource_id": 2070,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2070",
"display_title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/519e9de4d3f51bbb6cccecdfccb2f0c96b25e1d1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0023O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone slab, 5.3–6 cm thick. Height 0.84 m including the root, the width of the head is 0.51 m, that of the neck 0.48 m. The width at the lower edge of the decoration is 0.60 m, the height of the carving is 0.54 m, the root below the carving is 0.19 m (GR I, p. 205). The width of the ribbon with the runes is 2–3 cm, with the exception of the horizontal ribbon on face B, where the runes are larger. This part of the inscription contains the signature of the carver (GR I, p. 207). Sune Lindqvist erroneously writes that it is made of limestone (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21). \n\nBoth broad sides are polished quite carefully above the root; all traces of irregularities of the natural split surface have not been removed, however. The narrow sides of the body are dressed, with numerous chisel marks, at right angles to the broad sides and divided from them both by narrow chamfers. The narrow side of the head is hewn in the same manner, but convex in profile. Following the first sketch, of which here and there faintly drawn lines probably can still be made out, the contours were widened to grooves, 3–5 mm deep and rounded at the bases, after which the background fields were carved out, usually as deep as the contour lines. Finally, the background fields were then polished smooth. They are 3–4 mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21f.). \n\nLindqvist observes that, contrary to the masons creating the decoration, the rune carver distinguished himself with the same peculiar way he wielded the chisel that also can be observed on the stones of GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I and GP 356 Sjonhem II: he appears to have worked with a narrow chisel, the blade of which was moved across the surface in a zigzag fashion and each time was put down on one of its edges, under strokes of the hammer that were very precise (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21f.). This can mainly be observed in the baselines (the ribbon) for the runes, but also in some of the runes. On close examination, it creates a decorative effect similar to, e.g., that of a textile border with strands or metal threads. \n\nWhen the stone was found, it was broken in two parts (Pipping 1901, p. 4; GR I, p. 205). Judging by photos in ATA, the stone was mended at some time between 1933 and 1962, before the publication of Gotlands runinskrifter I in 1962 (GR I, p. 211). \n\nFace A, with two dragons or serpents, was turned upwards while the stone was lying in the church floor (GR I, p. 206). On the root of Face B, with one dragon, there is a carved circular segment, c. 0.5 m in diameter, leading to the suspicion that this might be a reused A-stone turned upside-down. It is visible in a photo by Sören Hellgren from 1962 (Run- och bildstenssamlingen ATA) and was confirmed on inspection in November 2022. \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 283,
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2247",
"value_resource_id": 2247,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2247",
"display_title": "GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7e363a31b4af925aa183521b8d3f1ad193a83beb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0201.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2401",
"value_resource_id": 2401,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2401",
"display_title": "GP 356 Sjonhem kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dd731970b08291347ac4c1b641a1a215069aad44.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0356.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "84"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "51"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist describes the decoration as follows: “The stone is decorated on both sides with a central field with a relief carving of animal ornament surrounded by a ribbon with a runic inscription. The image panel of Face A contains, apart from two skilfully executed animals in early Runestone Style, two figure-of-eight bands as the uppermost elements filling the fields as well as the following figures: close below the centre, a person, sitting on a diminutive Klotzstuhl(?), without tunic or skirt; at the back of the neck, a ledge of unclear meaning (neckhair?, cowl??); one hand appears to seize an I-shaped object – or a rather long-shafted hammer(?) that perhaps previously had been lying on a rectangular surface directly below – tabletop or box(?). The other arm is raised to the face, possibly holding a ring-like object. More likely, the ring is formed by the hand itself, with the thumb placed against the other fingers, perhaps in order to grasp a small, now indistinguishable object. However, then perhaps the hand is empty and the described hand movement needs to be interpreted as a gesture indicating reflectiveness. In the lower left corner, a kneeling man can be seen, facing the border. Wound around his front leg is a loop of a narrow band, one end of which merges with the corner of the image panel, the other with the front tip of his tunic. Possibly, this represents a serpent, the head of which once was drawn within the contours of the man’s garment, but with lines so shallow that abrasion by footsteps later deleted all traces of it” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 22). We might comment that there are two thin lines on the figure’s garment indicating a belt. \n\nLindqvist continues that the decorations in the panel on Face B is formed by a single, peculiarly winding animal. Both this animal and those and the related band loops on Face A have on their bodies rows of shallowly drilled holes, which is an odd ornament that could be put in context with the inlays on certain contemporaneous pieces of jewellery (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 123, II, p. 22). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The two antithetical dragons are bound together at their necks by a union knot with a palmette. This is a common theme in rune-stone art that can be interpreted in a Christian context as demon powers fettered by the tree of life, expressed according to a northern 11th-century taste where the Old Norse eschatology can easily be reconciled with Christian concepts (Karlsson 1983, pp. 66, 110; Hultgård 1994, p. 290; Thrainsson 1994; Zachrisson 1998, pp. 142–143, 238). \n\nAs for the regularly spaced drilled holes inside the contour lines of the dragons, Lindqvist suggests the dotted animal ornament on a ring brooch from Austris in Tingstäde as a parallel (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 123; see Hildebrand 1887, p. 114; Carlsson 1988, p. 36, 72). They also bring forth associations with decorative applications made of, e.g., silver or bronze (Sw. påsyningsbeslag or ströning). \n\nThe figure between the dragons seems to be sitting on a Klotzstuhl, a type of chair that appears on some other picture stones and that may carry some special significance, as it also appear as amulets (for more about the Klotzstuhl, see GP 282 När Hallute (G 93) and GP 341 Sanda kyrka (G 181)). Lindqvist does not offer any coherent interpretation, but suggests that it is a man on the chair, who either is holding a ring-like object or shapes his hand into a circular feature (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21). The object in front of the figure can be a table, chest, basket, game board or perhaps an anvil with a smithing tool. There is an ornament line inside of it, giving the impression that it has a frame or pattern. On the now sadly lost runestone from Ockelbo in Gästrikland (Gs 19 †), there is a figural scene with two people sitting at a game board; however, speaking against an interpretation of the object on the Ardre stone as a game-board is that there is only one single person. On the other hand, on the Ockelbo stone, we find another possible parallel, a figure holding a ring-like object. The human figure in the lower left corner of our stone Ardre III, with a loop around his leg, can possibly be interpreted as ensnared by magic fetters. Snædal interpreted the sitting figure as Odin with his ring Draupnir and the fettered figure as Loki (Snædal 2004, p. 59). \n\nA smithing scene lies nearby; it is a topic known both from at least one other Gotland picture stone (GP 21 Ardre VIII) and from Swedish rune-carvings with motifs of Sigurd Fafnesbane (Sö 101, Sö 327). Consequently, Sigmund Oehrl has included Ardre III in his treatise on the Volund iconography (Oehrl 2009a, pp. 550–554; 2012, pp. 300–302; 2019, p. 100). He indicates that the sitting figure depicts the smith sitting in front of his anvil with a hammer, and lifting up his product, i.e., the ring, in his hand. Oehrl further points out that the sitting figure has an oddly elongated face, giving the impression that it is a kind of bird-human creature with a beak. The figure at the lower left has bird features as well, and therefore probably is the same individual, i.e., the fettered and mutilated smith Volund. That he is sitting on a chair may be a reference to his mutilation as well (Oehrl 2009, pp. 551f.; 2012, pp. 301f.). It might be mentioned that the stone Ardre VIII, which was lying at the centre of the collection of picture stones in Ardre church, has a motif of a smithy and that its pictures have been interpreted as illustrations of the Volsungasaga. In case the stones all belong to the same family, the sponsors and carvers of the later dated Ardre III might have chosen to relate to a family tradition by including a reference to the same circle of motifs. \n\nSigmund Oehrl treats Ardre III extensively in an article about the smith Volund (Oehrl 2009). He indicates that Lindqvist describes the figurines relatively accurately and conscientiously, but during the autopsy of the monument in the summer of 2006 Oehrl discovered more details. The figure between the snakes can be seen in profile and is directed to the left. He sits on a small chair. In one (lower) hand, the figure holds an elongated object with a tapered attachment at the bottom. This object seems to represent a tool – probably a kind of hammer. In the other (raised) hand, the figure holds a ring, which it holds close to its face. Immediately in front of the seated figure is a square object with a triangular attachment. The figure seems to place the hammer on this house-shaped structure. It is likely to be a work bench, probably a kind of anvil. Noteworthy is the special face shape of the anthropomorphic figure. The head is relatively small, almost triangular and equipped with a round eye. The seated figure of Ardre III has an elongated mouth that looks like a slightly open small beak. Against this background, an extension extending from the back of the sitter could be interpreted as a small wing. It cannot be the hair on the back of the neck or a hood, as Lindqvist suspects, because the appendix clearly emanates from the back, but not from the tiny head or neck of the figure. According to Oehrl, we are dealing with a hybrid, a kind of birdman. The anthropomorphic figure depicted in the left corner also has a short waterfowl-like beak. Upper and lower beaks can be seen. The head is roundish and provided with a tiny, pointed eye. The figure looks to the left edge of the picture, but the rest of its body can be seen frontally. This figure wears a tunic, puts hands on hips and kneels on the floor. The lower legs are angled by about 90° and directed to the right. A narrow ribbon emanating from the rune-bearing border loops around the figure's right leg and seems to tie it up. Particularly noteworthy is the representation of the feet. The right foot of the kneeling person is clearly reproduced. It is excessively long and widens towards the front, so that it resembles the foot of a water bird. As can be seen in the image by Sune Lindqvist, there is a crack in the lower part of the image surface. Due to the shadow caused by the crack, the right foot of the figure is barely perceptible in Lindqvist's photograph. The left foot of the figure is missing. However, the crack in the picture surface is not responsible for the absence of the foot. Above and below the crack – unlike the right leg of the figure – there is no trace of a foot. A roundish stump is clearly depicted. As there is no breaking point, Oehrl indicates that it is a deliberate mutilation of the bound \"bird-man\". The similar, beak-like design of the face suggests that the two figures of Ardre III are one and the same person. Beak and wings seem to characterize them as bird-like. The figure between the snakes is to be addressed as a goldsmith. He sits in front of a box-shaped, tapered work surface (anvil?) and holds a tool in his hand. With his other hand, he holds up the product of his work. It is a ring. The figure kneeling in the corner is bound and mutilated. Taken altogether, Oehrl arrives at the conclusion that a connection with the Volsungasaga is probable (Oehrl 2009, pp. 550–554). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"value_resource_id": 2328,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2328",
"display_title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386",
"value_resource_id": 2386,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2386",
"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, mushroom-shaped dwarf stone. The style group of the runic animals is uncertain, but it is suggested in SRD that it is Pr3, indicating a dating to 1045 to 1075 (Gräslund 2006, p. 126). Snædal includes the stone in her Ardre-group, i.e., runestones/grave cists, often shaped as picture stones, with runic inscriptions along the edge and pictures and ornament in relief in the middle (Snædal 2002, p. 67). Snædal suggests a date to 1100 to 1130, as for the Ardre-group. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "§A ⁓ utar + ak + kaiʀuatr + ak + aiuatr + þaʀ + setu + stain + ebtir + likna(t) + faþur ⁓ sen + §B ⁓ raþialbr + ak + kaiʀaiau(t)- + þaiʀ kiarþu + merki + kuþ + ubtir + man + saaran ⁓ likraibr + risti + runaʀ \n \nOld West Norse\n§A Óttarr ok Geirhvatr ok Eihvatr þeir settu stein eptir Líknhvat, fǫður sinn. §B Ráðþjalfr ok Geirnjót[r] þeir gerðu merki góð eptir mann snaran. Líknreifr risti rúnar. \n\nRunic Swedish\n§A Ottarr ok Gæiʀhvatr ok Æihvatr þæiʀ sattu stæin æftiʀ Liknhvat, faður sinn. §B Raðþialfʀ ok Gæiʀniut[r] þæiʀ gærðu mærki goð æftiʀ mann snaran. Liknræifʀ risti runaʀ. \n\nEnglish \n§A Óttarr and Geirhvatr and Eihvatr, they placed the stone in memory of Líknhvatr, their father. §B Ráðþjalfr and Geirnjótr, they made the good landmark in memory of … man. Líknreifr carved the runes. \n\nSwedish\nOttar och Gairvat och Aivat de satte stenen efter Liknat, sin fader. Radjalv och Gairniaut de gjorde god minnesvård efter en rask man. Likraiv ristade runorna. \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The inscription mentions no fewer than six names; the three sons of Líknhvatr, two stone masons and the rune-carver are all named. Additional members of the same family are mentioned on the Ardre cist (GP 15–18; G 114), of which parts were lying in the same spot (see GP 17 Ardre kyrka V). The fact that the stone was signed by both stone masons and rune-carver parallels GP 208 Hogrän kyrka (G 203). Magnus Källström emphasizes that the stone is a piece of evidence that one person made the ornament while another carved the runes. He mentions two other cases, GP 357 Sjonhem kyrka III (G 136†) and Sö 356, and concludes that these monuments were produced in (the same?) workshops (Källström 2007, p. 302). The proportion of runestones produced by more than one carver is unusually high on Gotland and, furthermore, this is the only province where it is stated in an inscription that more than two crafters participated in the production of a runic monument – namely on this stone (Källström 2007, pp. 186, 201f.). Three different expressions for the making of the monument were used in the inscription, implying the range of actions undertaken: setu stain, kiarþu merki and risti runar. The sons had the stone raised and Líknreifr was the rune specialist called on for the inscription, while kiarþu merki refers to the shaping of the stone and the carving of the ornament (GR I, pp. 208f.). The last expression is unusual in signatures (Källström 2007, p. 91f). However, as kiarþu merki kuþ, is in plural it is uncertain what exactly is implied (cf. Ebel 1963, pp. 100f.; Källström 2007, p. 159). Furthermore, the term sætia is unusual for runic monuments of this period. This is the only instance for runestones in Gräslund’s style group Pr3, all other runic inscriptions with this term appear in earlier style groups and mainly in Västergötland, Östergötland and Småland (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2014, p. 245f., 250, Fig. 1).\nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2062",
"value_resource_id": 2062,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2062",
"display_title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/883a0994612ead208916a483f2f792664bcb1712.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0015.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2063",
"value_resource_id": 2063,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2063",
"display_title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53bc3e295f23015eb55c0e1c0f9775a1be226dae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0016.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2064",
"value_resource_id": 2064,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2064",
"display_title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8da81547e9810098f74b00d4843f3db4c784b657.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0017.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065",
"value_resource_id": 2065,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2065",
"display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0018.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2254",
"value_resource_id": 2254,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2254",
"display_title": "GP0208",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/087237d5e2c627ef58205439a3b085cef91e3da4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0208.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2402",
"value_resource_id": 2402,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2402",
"display_title": "GP 357 Sjonhem kyrka III"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Pipping 1900; 1901, pp. 3–7, 15–22; 37–43; Brate 1902, pp. 134–136, 141; 1925, p. 131; Plutzar 1924, pp. 83f.; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 56f., 87, 89, 95, 122f., II, 18f., 20f., Fig. 153, 154, 169, 170, 224 d; 1964, p.7f.; GR I, G 113; Holmqvist 1973, p. 398; Lamm / Nylén 2003, p. 79; Snædal 2002, p. 67, 72f.; Källström 2007, pp. 91, 129, 159, 177, 186, 201f., 255, 302, 346; Oehrl 2009, pp. 551f.; 2012, pp. 300–302; 2019, pp. 100, 181. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre, Kirche III"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4556",
"value_resource_id": 4556,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4556",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0022",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0022_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "13"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11118:III"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 113"
}
],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 302,
"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1900"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nI kyrkans golv. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands museum, i utställningen. \n\nDatering \nSen vikingatid, ca 1045-1075 e.Kr. \n\nBeskrivning \nLiten bildstensformad runsten (dvärgsten) med runinskrift och reliefhuggen ornamentik på båda sidorna. På sida A finns två symmetriskt motställda drakar som binds samman vid nackarna med ett koppel som pryds av en palmett. Drakarnas konturer pryds av en rad regelbundet placerade borrade punkter. Ovanför drakarna finns på vardera sidan om palmetten ett åttaformat ornament. Mellan drakarna, i mitten av stenen, sitter en man på en kubbstol och håller ett ringformat föremål, alternativt formar tummen och fingrarna till en ring som om han skulle gripa något. Framför sig har han ett delvis rektangulärt föremål, som kan tänkas vara ett bord, behållare, spelbräde, städ eller något annat. Nedtill till vänster står en man (?) vars ben är omslingrat av ett smalt bandornament. Runinskriften följer kanten på stenen och avslutas i ett tvärgående band. I vardera nedre hörnet finns ett dekorativt kors. \n\nPå sida B är det endast en drake, men även denna är prickhuggen längs konturerna. Den omges av en runinskrift som fyller ut hela skriftbandet längs kanten och tvärsöver stenen. Liksom på sida A finns det dekorativa kors i vardera nedre hörnet av skriftbandet. Sida B har ett tunt ristat cirkelsegment på rotpartiet, som kan tyda på att det är en äldre bildsten av typ A som har återanvänts. \n\nInskrift\nRuninskriften nämner sex namn, varav tre är bröder och tre andra personer har tillverkat bildstenen. De har skiljt på vem som har huggit till stenens form och ornamentik och vem som har ristat runorna. \n\nInskrift: Ottar och Gairvat och Aivat de satte stenen efter Liknat, sin fader. Radjalv och Gairniaut de gjorde god minnesvård efter en rask man. Likraiv ristade runorna. \n\nTolkning \nBildstenen är sannolikt ett kyrkogårdsmonument, där ornamentiken har ett kristet innehåll. Djurornamentiken med de bundna drakarna kan uttrycka att de onda makterna har fjättrats och oskadliggjorts. \n\nVad figurscenen i mitten föreställer är svårt att avgöra. Den skulle möjligen kunna föreställa en man med ett brädspel, men att personen är ensam kan tala emot den tolkningen. Ett annat förslag är att det är en smed intill ett städ med verktyg och med en ring i handen. Scener med smidesverktyg förekommer på andra bildstenar och runstenar och tolkas ofta som motiv ur Völsungasagan. Gestalten nedtill till vänster med insnärjt ben kan tolkas som bunden med magiska fjättrar – kanske guden Loke. \n\nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6365669"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "722219"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDb33ZyaOLRQ5HtVd5DH3rYAcS-PobdlB3Z7ZLuR3tVsPA?e=dXum2V"
}
],
"ai2:lastInspected": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 315,
"property_label": "Last Inspected",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "09.05.2023"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2389",
"o:title": "GP 344 Sanda kyrka II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2402",
"o:title": "GP 357 Sjonhem kyrka III"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2070",
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2220",
"o:title": "GP 174 Hangvar kyrka I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4556",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0022"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/46",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 46,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2069",
"o:id": 2069
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.37946550998916,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.696825408134487,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2275",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2275,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 229 Lau Laubackar",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-11T11:07:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 229 Lau Laubackar"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0229"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The burial ground of Laubackar in Lau parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lau"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lau Laubackar"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen i Grav 4 grävd av Nihlen 1925"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Need to confirm presence in Tumba magasin. No current photos."
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 324) mistakenly reproduces the picture stone fragment Lau Laubackar under “Bro Kirchspiel” (= GP 48 Bro socken). His description of the lost stone from Bro is also based in truth on Lau Laubacker and is therefore quoted here under V and VI. The fragment was discovered by J. Nihlén in 1925 in a grave in the Laubackar burial ground in Lau parish (ATA dnr 2150-25; cf. Run- och bildstenssamling 1750:29a, 1750:69b). No other finds were detected in the grave. A total of seven graves were examined by Nihlén at this site, containing mainly human and animal bones, decorated pottery, weapons and other metal and bronze objects that can be attributed to the Roman Iron Age as well as the Migration and Vendel Periods (SHM 17794). From the same place are two Roman Iron Age rosette fibulae (SHM 17661) as well as a glass beaker of the Snartemo type dating to the Migration Period (SHM 17711), which were brought in by Nihlén. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2095",
"value_resource_id": 2095,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2095",
"display_title": "GP 48 Bro socken"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the convex upper part of an Early-Type picture stone, including its two protruding corners, a longer part of its left lateral edge, and a small part of its right lateral edge. “Limestone slab, 11 cm thick. The obverse is quite smooth but rounded and worn down by footsteps. The narrow sides are levelled for their full width at an acute angle towards the obverse, with a narrow chamfer. The reverse is raw. The width between the corners is 60 cm. The preserved height is 47 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 34). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "47"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "60"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Of the decoration, remains of borders, 5–7 cm wide, along the three narrow sides can be made out. At least at the right corner, the field within the surrounding border appears to have been chiselled down” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 34). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Early-Type picture stone, i.e., Type A according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist assigns the stone (mistakenly labelled as “Bro Kirchspiel”) to his ʻBurstypusʼ (1941/42 I, p. 28), named after GP 53 Burs kyrka I. This type represents the group of Type A ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex upper edge and decoration corresponding to the large Type A monuments, forming “miniature forms” of them (ibid. 31). The picture stone fragment comes from a grave, but there are no other datable finds. The neighbouring graves contained objects from the Roman Iron Age, the Migration Period and the Vendel Period, including very precious artefacts. In all likelihood, the picture stone was reused in the grave in a Migration or Vendel Period context. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2100",
"value_resource_id": 2100,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2100",
"display_title": "GP 53 Burs kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/28ad08bc9941b0e0dc64b8a49f89cb0bf7a04646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0053.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 32, 34. "
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4761",
"value_resource_id": 4761,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4761",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0229"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "166"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "17794:7"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1925 i en grav på gravfältet vid Lau Backar \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska museums magasin i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en tidig bildsten (period A), bevarad höjd 47 cm och största bredd 60 cm. Spår av kantdekor \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6355231"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "718989"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2095",
"o:title": "GP 48 Bro socken"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4761",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0229"
}
]
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2275",
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},
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},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV",
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"@value": "2026-04-21T09:52:55+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@value": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
}
],
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{
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"@value": "GP0023"
}
],
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{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Ardre church, in the floor. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Ardre"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
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"@value": "Ardre kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Ardre Ka 1-8 återfanns i golvet i kyrkan vid renovering"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "SHM"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "This is one of eight picture stones found in the summer of 1900, beneath the floor in Ardre church during restoration work: Ardre kyrka I–VIII (GP 15–18, 20, 21, 23). For more about the find circumstances, see GP 17 Ardre kyrka V. \n\nThis stone, GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV (G 111), and the stone GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII (G 112) belong to the same family and they were placed side by side in the church floor, to the north-east of the large older picture stone GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, which had been placed in the middle of the floor. Pipping mentions in his report that our stone Ardre IV had been set in plaster, and in a handwritten note he adds that close to the stone, there was a thin layer of stamped clay (Pipping 1900). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2062",
"value_resource_id": 2062,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2062",
"display_title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/883a0994612ead208916a483f2f792664bcb1712.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0015.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2063",
"value_resource_id": 2063,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2063",
"display_title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53bc3e295f23015eb55c0e1c0f9775a1be226dae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0016.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2064",
"value_resource_id": 2064,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2064",
"display_title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8da81547e9810098f74b00d4843f3db4c784b657.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0017.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2065",
"value_resource_id": 2065,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2065",
"display_title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7c26c13dd3c7dc94bae96570012d632367511a79.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0018.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2067",
"value_resource_id": 2067,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2067",
"display_title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d1d30f6ed5ad74a98fb3fa5229b9235f270004e5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0020O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "andstone slab, 5–5.5 cm thick. The height is 0.77 m, the width of the head 0.49 m, of the neck 0.44 m. The width of face A at the lower edge of the decoration is 0.51 m, the height from this level 0.49 m (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21). \n\nThe stone has smooth, but noticeably curved broad sides, of which face B is worn down by footsteps (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21). The narrow sides are dressed or slightly convex, at right angles to the broad sides, or slightly convex. \n\nThe decoration is executed with lines carved about 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep, following thin sketched lines that partly are still visible. The background field was been carved down. The indentation on both sides represents clear and, particularly regarding face A, simplified replicas of the decoration of the respective faces of GP 22 Ardre kyrka III (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 21). This is the only one of the eight stones found in Ardre church that was not carved in relief; the ornament is contour-incised on both faces. \n\nIn a photo from 2000 taken in the museum store in Tumba, it can be seen that the stone was coloured in black and red on face A. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "77"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "51"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "5"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Face A features a dragon whose body is laid in two figures of eight. There is an runic inscription along the edge, crossing the surface horizontally under the dragon. The runic inscription ends about halfway across the surface and leaves some space empty in the rune band. On face B, we see two antithetical dragons, where the respective front legs ensnares the opposite dragon. A band follows the edge and crosses under the dragons, just as on face A, but instead of carrying runes it is ornamented with a running dog motif. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In contrast to the other picture stones from the church in Ardre, the dragons are incised with contours and not in relief. On face A, the carver has made some mistakes, as lines cross where they should not do so. On face B, the layout of the two dragons is not as well adapted to the available space as runic ornament by skilled carvers usually is. Overall, the impression is that this carving is not as well executed as that on, e.g., GP 22 Ardre III. It is possible that the carving is not finished; perhaps the intention was to carve parts of it in relief but this ambition was not fulfilled. \n\nAs for the size and shape, Elias Wessén discusses this type of dwarf-stone in relation to GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka (G 37), where he stresses that most probably they were produced as churchyard monuments (GR I, p. 50). Wessén indicates that in the setting of a churchyard, the stones did not need to be large in order to attract attention. He thought that they belonged to an early phase of Christianity. The shape is associated with the picture stone tradition, but the border ornament is replaced by a rune band. Thus, the inscription has increased in importance as compared to the older picture stones. Dwarf-stones of this type are most common on southern Gotland. Wessén quotes the following as parallels: GP 333–334 Rone kyrka (G 52–53), GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I (G 57), GP 231 Levide kyrka I (G 77), GP 480-481 Stånga kyrka I–II (G 86–87), GP 278 När Bosarve (G 92), GP 282 När Hallute (G 93), GP 279 När Mickelgårds (G 94), as well as the Ardre stones. Several of these are made of sandstone (GRI, p. 50). Ljung calls attention to the similarities between the dwarf-stones of Gotland to the early Christian grave monuments on Öland, for example the small size, the relief-carved ornament (not in this case, however), and the dressed shape of the stone. However, there is a difference in that Gotland stones are more often carved on both broad sides, which is very unusual on Öland (Ljung 2016 I, pp. 165, 169). \n\nThe stone was 3D-scanned in 2007 as part of a research project at Stockholm University (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2013). It is included in a study comparing the carving techniques of runestones on Gotland and on the Swedish mainland, where the results indicate a separate Gotland carving technique up to the middle of the 11th century (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2019, p. 105, Figures 8–9). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2069",
"value_resource_id": 2069,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2069",
"display_title": "GP 22 Ardre kyrka III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4b5bf1549e8ad7f29e1148d9391b8d9c57de305b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0022O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2160",
"value_resource_id": 2160,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2160",
"display_title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0113O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2378",
"value_resource_id": 2378,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2378",
"display_title": "GP 333 Rone kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f9c1af30283ad9f3ca8be2d360cde91bbba0eede.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0333.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2379",
"value_resource_id": 2379,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2379",
"display_title": "GP 334 Rone kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b7112488ae59a0c55df3bd29c6bb59f9de90420f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0334.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2247",
"value_resource_id": 2247,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2247",
"display_title": "GP 201 Hemse Annexhemman I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7e363a31b4af925aa183521b8d3f1ad193a83beb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0201.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2277",
"value_resource_id": 2277,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2277",
"display_title": "GP 231 Levide kyrka (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bbaaa3e73375598d2c389cd1c7422989ec64f0af.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0231.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2525",
"value_resource_id": 2525,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2525",
"display_title": "GP 480 Stånga kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/94898655e296ae72da37731232ef5bd745fafef5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0480O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2526",
"value_resource_id": 2526,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2526",
"display_title": "GP 481 Stånga kyrka II"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"value_resource_id": 2328,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2328",
"display_title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2325",
"value_resource_id": 2325,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2325",
"display_title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bb97537ea594f40c4b68f4cef2f061c3c179e03f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0279.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf-stone. The dragons are difficult to classify unambiguously in Gräslund’s style-chronological system (Gräslund 2006, p. 126), but can be judged to belong either to Pr2 (1020–1050 AD) or Pr3 (1045–1075 AD) (cf. Kitzler Åhfeldt 2019, p. 103). Snædal includes the stone in her Ardre group, sepulchral monuments in the form of picture stones with runic inscriptions along the edge and pictorial elements in the middle (Snædal 2002, p. 67). Snædal indicates that, based on runological criteria, the runic picture stones from Ardre can be dated to 1100–1130 (Snædal 2002, p. 99f.). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "siba : raisti : stain : eftir : roþiauþ : kunu : sina : totur : roþkais : i : ankum : to : unk fran : ofurmakum \n\nOld West Norse\nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) reisti stein eptir Hróðþjóð, konu sína, dóttur Hróðgeirs í Ǫngum/Anga. Dó ung frá óformágum. \n\nRunic Swedish\nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) ræisti stæin æftiʀ Hroðþiuð, konu sina, dottur Hroðgæiʀs i Angum/Anga. Do ung fran oformagum. \n\nEnglish \nSibba(?)/Simpa(?) raised the stone in memory of Hróðþjóð, his wife, Hróðgeirr in Angr/Anga's daughter.(She) died young leaving under-aged (children). \n\nSwedish\nSibba reste stenen efter Rodiaud, sin hustru, dotter till Rodgair i Anga. Hon dog ung från minderåriga. \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The monument with its sad inscription has been raised in memory of a mother with young children who died. Birgit Sawyer discussed the inscription in the context of inheritance, where she pays attention to how the stone’s sponsor Hróðþjóð makes explicit that his wife is daughter of Hróðgeirr and therefore probably his heir (Sawyer 1991, p. 220). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Pipping 1900; 1901; Brate 1902; Noreen 1904, p. 482; Plutzar 1924, pp. 83f.; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 157, fig. 158, II, p. 21; Holmqvist 1973, p. 398; Snædal 2002, pp. 71f, 98–100. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre, Kirche IV"
}
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"url": "/s/index/item/4557",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0023",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0023_RGB.nxz",
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}
],
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{
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"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "14"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11458"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 111"
}
],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
{
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"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1900"
}
],
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAOw2CRE6xgRZKNUJpSGjDeAcxdMSQFnVb_lXQ12l60I-g?e=bM1JpP"
}
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}
],
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2062",
"o:title": "GP 15 Ardre kyrka I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2063",
"o:title": "GP 16 Ardre kyrka II"
},
{
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"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2065",
"o:title": "GP 18 Ardre kyrka VI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2069",
"o:title": "GP 22 Ardre kyrka III"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2220",
"o:title": "GP 174 Hangvar kyrka I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4557",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0023"
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},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/47",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 47,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2070",
"o:id": 2070
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.37946550998916,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.696825408134487,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2278",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2278,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 232 Levide Backänget",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-11T11:06:56+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 232 Levide Backänget"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0232"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A wooded meadow called ʻBackängetʼ (belonging to the farm ʻPejnarve gårdʼ) in Levide parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Levide"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Levide Pejnarve 1:59"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Intill en stenvast i närheten av schakt 3 i Gerdins undersökning 1986. Associated with L1975:8503 & L1976:1322"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Currently unknown"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment was discovered during an archaeological investigation in the wooded meadow ʻBackängetʼ in Levide parish, which took place in April/June 1986 (Gerdin 1986). The two adjacent wooded meadows ʻBackängetʼ and ʻSolsängetʼ (the latter situated in Sproge parish), both belonging to the farm ʻPejnarve gårdʼ, feature numerous archaeological remains. Most notable is a group of house foundations, stone enclosures (vaster or stensträngar), mounds of burnt stones (skärvstenshögar), burials, and an earth wall. The 210 m long and very low wall (RAÄ Levide 151), which was partly excavated in 1986, runs from the eastern edge of Solsänget through the meadow Backänget until it reaches the grave field in the most western part of the meadow. Sample material from the wall was dated by the 14C method to BC 1370±70 and 1305±110 (uncalibrated). A 200 m long stone enclosure runs parallel to the earth wall. Immediately next to this enclosure (RAÄ Levide 48:1), the excavators noticed the small picture stone fragment. It had possibly been re-used as filling material in the enclosure. As there is a grave field in the most western area of the meadow (RAÄ Levide 2:1), which is directly connected with the stone enclosure, the fragment could have been taken from a sepulchral context. However, the dating of the burials (some of them seem to be Pre-Roman Iron Age) and also the chronology of the entire complex is unclear (Gerdin 1986, p. 234). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small sandstone fragment is only 0.12 m high and 0.15 m wide. It represents the uppermost left part of a pre-Viking Age picture stone and preserves the monument’s typical (left) top corner as well as a small part of its slightly convex top edge. The right side and the bottom side of the more-or-less rectangular fragment are broken. The sandy surface bears some scratches and thin cracks. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "12"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A single groove is running along the slightly convex top edge of the stone, representing a coarse border decoration and the only remaining carving on the monument. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The monument must have been very small, with a maximum width at the top of approx. 0.35 m and a height of significantly less than 1.00 m. Thus, it can clearly be labelled as dwarf stone. Basically, the fragment could represent a small Type A stone or a Type B stone. The material is remarkable. There are only slightly more than 20 picture stones known so far which are made of sandstone, most of them Type E stones and only a few Type C stones. At least two Type A stones (GP 115 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 1 and GP 324 Unknown Find Spot, perhaps also GP 116 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 2) and some kerbstones (GP 236 Linde Duckarve) are made of sandstone as well. Type B stones made of sandstone are not registered so far. However, the corner of the Backänget stone is more pronounced than usual in Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnitt Aʼ. Furthermore, the convexity of the stone’s top seems a bit too strong for a Type A stone. Therefore, the fragment probably represents a Type B stone with convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the stone’s body, dating to between AD 500 and 700. \n\nThe most primitive border decoration at the top is without comparison in ʻAbschnitt Bʼ and may prompt the idea that the fragment represents a semi-finished product. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2162",
"value_resource_id": 2162,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2162",
"display_title": "GP 115 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8ad76fe49b5049638dc90ce6e2ad40facc148df3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0115.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2369",
"value_resource_id": 2369,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2369",
"display_title": "GP0324",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6ff4b0df1715105cc64f83820e73a011fc7146eb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0324.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2163",
"value_resource_id": 2163,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2163",
"display_title": "GP 116 Grötlingbo Uddvide"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2282",
"value_resource_id": 2282,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2282",
"display_title": "GP 236 Linde Duckarve"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gerdin 1986b, p. 234, bild 3–4. "
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4764",
"value_resource_id": 4764,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4764",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0232"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "459"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades i en stenmur i samband med en arkeologisk undersökning 1986 i Backänget tillhörande gården Pejnarve i Levide. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nOkänd \n\nBeskrivning \nEtt litet fragment av en dvärgsten (typ B), 12 x 15 cm, med spår av en kantdekor. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6351121"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695414"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4764",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0232"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/191",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 191,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2278",
"o:id": 2278
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.26128146373228,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.240257557216523,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2284",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2284,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/154b5c379faa278dfcec5cc12e01e7b089eb5780.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/154b5c379faa278dfcec5cc12e01e7b089eb5780.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/154b5c379faa278dfcec5cc12e01e7b089eb5780.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T10:20:45+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4261",
"o:id": 4261
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4261",
"o:id": 4261
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0238"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the property of Lauks gård (ʻStainakerʼ), Lokrume parish, re-used as bridge stone. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bridge"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lokrume"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lokrume Lauks"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen i \"Stainakar\" där den låg som brosten över ett dike."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is not much information available; Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 99) briefly notes: “This picture stone was found in 1907 by the farmer N. Olsson in Stainakar, where it was used as a bridge crossing a ditch. The finder donated it to GF in 1911.” "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 13 thick at the top, 6–12 cm at the bottom. The obverse is uneven and pitted, the narrow sides are hewn approximately at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height is 148 cm, of which 75 cm is accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the framing. The width of the head is 77 cm, that of the neck 69 cm, that of the root 99 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 99). The monument is completely preserved but the upper right half of the decorated surface is much eroded. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "148"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "99"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "13"
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"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The decoration is executed in a coarse bas-relief. In accordance with the photo of the painted stone provided in his book, Lindqvist describes the carvings as follows: “Of the decoration, a framing border can be identified that formed in a sense like a ‘misunderstood’ three-strand interlace pattern. Also, there probably is a watercraft in the bottom part of the field, with stems rising up at about right angles from a curved keel” (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 38 [cf. ATA 1718:43, taken 1933 by H. Faith-Ell]; II, p. 99). An unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling, which is also kept in ATA, only depicts the remains of the border but not the vessel. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist does not assign it to any of his subgroups. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The only partly preserved ship is assigned by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 65) to his Larsarvetypus and seems to correspond to the vessel on e.g., GP 83 Fole kyrka. The interlace border is comparable to GP 83 Fole kyrka, GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, and GP 74 Endre skog. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2130",
"value_resource_id": 2130,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2130",
"display_title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d09b2e815314b8f91679309a70e47bf23f150cdc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0083.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 38; II, p. 99; Varenius 1992, appendix 2; Guber 2011, p. 133 cat. no. 48; Oehrl 2019a, p. 65. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lokrume, Lauks"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1401"
}
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"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4770",
"value_resource_id": 4770,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4770",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0238",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0238_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "172"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Slite Group (100%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1907 som en bro över ett dike i Stainaker tillhörande gården Lauks. Stenen donerades till Gotlands museum 1911. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 148 cm hög och största bredd 99 cm. Spår av kantdekor och möjligen ett fartyg i den nedre delen av stenen. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "boat"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgD1Geiy_aOaTp4I_e5xJrxLAblU3tYf-Dc-u7AJv8A9ov0?e=eW24Ss"
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],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2290",
"o:title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285",
"o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4770",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0238"
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}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2071,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:08+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T09:57:12+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3950",
"o:id": 3950
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3950",
"o:id": 3950
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2801",
"o:id": 2801
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0024"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/bfdf31f2-0958-4e1b-91ad-859233f79875",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural field, 200 (100?) m south of the farmstead Petsarve, Ardre parish (RAÄ Ardre 151:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre Petsarve"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Föremålskatalogen: \"Funnen vid plöjning 200 m söder om den nya petsarvegården i Ardre, norr om siffran 8 i 32,8 å generalstabens karta, söder om Ardre kyrka.\""
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Found about 1911 by the farmer Rudolf Strömbäck while ploughing a field about 200 m south of the farmstead to the south of the main road. The stone is said to have been toppled over in a northerly direction and lain with the image of the ship facing downwards” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 26). The distance of 200 m from the road is given in the inventory Fasta fornlämningar in Ardre parish (ATA), however, according to the RAÄ map (Ardre 151:1), it should be 100 m instead. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, at the top 5 cm thick, at the foot 8 cm, at the root 10 cm. […] The narrow sides are divided from the broad sides by chamfers of widely varying width. Height 71 cm, 48 cm of which above the root. The width is 32 cm between the upper corners, 24 cm at the middle of the body, 26 cm at the base” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 26). The monument is completely preserved and undamaged, including its massive root. The most-decorated side (face A) is very flat and even, the also-decorated reverse (face B) quite rough and unsightly. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "55"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "35"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7,5"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 26) describes the decoration as follows: “On both faces, the decoration is executed with carved lines, 3 to 5 mm wide. On one face [A], the field within the framing border, which features a simplified ʻtwisted cordʼ pattern, is divided in two parts about halfway up the body by a horizontal border, on the other [B], it is quartered by diagonal lines [forming a St. Andrew’s cross]. In the upper field on the former face [A], there is the image of a ship with abruptly rising stems and in the middle the schematized depiction of mast and sail (?).” The carvings are well preserved and discernable on both the photos of the painted and unpainted stone as well as Olof Sörling’s drawing from 1913 (ibid. I, figs. 57–58; fig. 314; cf. ATA 1648:59a–b; B3:48b; B3:48b [H. Faith-Ell 1933 and 1937]). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The St. Andrew’s cross on face B has been regarded as a result of the influence of Continental Christian iconography. A diagonal cross decoration reminiscent of Christian symbolism is also depicted on GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2 and in particular GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes – see the pertinent article for more detailed information and interpretation. Christian influence on Type B picture stones is also discussed in the cases of deer depictions (for more details see GP 551 Väskinde Butter) and the aquatic bird motif (for more details see GP 276 När Rikvide I). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159",
"value_resource_id": 2159,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2159",
"display_title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex (in this case almost ogival) head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. Good parallels to GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II, regarding shape and decoration, are GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes and GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2154",
"value_resource_id": 2154,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2154",
"display_title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dafddc6893e5d1bee01a9409aeb5b1454e6cba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0107.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 66; figs. 57–58; II, p. 26, fig. 314; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, fig. 18; Guber 2011, p. 111 cat. no. 4; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:5085"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre 151:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ardre, Petsarve II"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1878"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4558",
"value_resource_id": 4558,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4558",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0024",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "18"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hemse Group (40%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades omkring år 1911 vid plöjning av en åker cirka 100 till 200 m söder om gården, söder om en större väg. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, bildstenshallen \n\nBeskrivning \nEn helt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 71 cm hög, varav 48 cm över roten. Bredden 32 cm i den övre delen, 24 cm i mitten och 26 cm vid basen. Bilder finns på båda sidor av stenen. På den ena sidan ett skepp och en schematisk framställning av en mast och ett segel. På den andra sidan ett Andreaskors. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-800-talen. \n\nTolkning \nAndreaskorset kan vara en influens från en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "cross"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6365669"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "722489"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAj10DupGepQLmpAf6KoTT6AV3SrXJrRYyU6q--nQfgNdQ?e=S49a3X"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2154",
"o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2154",
"o:title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159",
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2620",
"o:title": "GP 577 Anga Änggårda"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159",
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2411",
"o:title": "GP 366 Stenkyrka kyrka VI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2064",
"o:title": "GP 17 Ardre kyrka V"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4558",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0024"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/48",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 48,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"o:id": 2071
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.37933371586782,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.701306442536747,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2294",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2294,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9245c42641d553334544ddbfa82aa6106e8fab2e.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T10:29:33+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4268",
"o:id": 4268
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4268",
"o:id": 4268
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0248"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Probably one of the small grave fields near the farmsteads of Källstäde, Lärbro parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro Källstäde"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen på åker där också en del hällkistor fanns.."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is little information about the find circumstances given in the catalogues of Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 89): The stone was discovered in an agricultural field in which many stone settings with cists made of flat stone slabs had been found. The cists contained remains of uncremated skeletons. The actual find spot is unclear. However, the slab probably originates from one of the many (groups of) stone settings and small burial grounds (RAÄ Lärbro 232:1, 238:1, 241:1) in the proximity of the two farmsteads Lilla Källstäde and Stora Källstäde. The slab was donated to SHM in 1868 by the fabricant A. Bolinder. It was mentioned in Per Arvid Säveʼs Berättelser (1864, p. 337). In a drawing of the monument by Säve kept in Uppsala University Library (P.A. Säves techningar från Gotland, Lärbro no. 22, alvin-record186725), however, it is noted that it was found by Bolinder in 1865. The find was published in the newspaper Dagbladet 1869-01-05. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, about 7 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse. In between, there is an insignificant chamfer. The reverse is rough and unworked” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 89). The small picture stone is almost completely preserved. However, most of the root as well as the lower-right corner of the base are broken off. As can be seen from Per Arvid Säveʼs drawing (see IV), the stone slab was found together with a large broken part of the root, which is now lost. Including the remaining part of the root, the slab is about 1.40 m high. The decorated part of the slab is circa 1.05 m high. Between the corners of the head the stone is 0.7 m wide. The surface is weathered, in particular in the top field, but the quite distinctively carved main parts of the imagery are still well-discernible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "140"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "70"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings are described by Lindqvist as follows (1941/42 II, p. 89): “On the whole, this stone is decorated with 1–2 mm wired, shallow lines. Also, the background fields were mostly chiseled. Inside of the framing border with a simplified two-stranded band pattern, there is a watercraft at the bottom of the panel, with steep, towering stems, of which at least the rear one is coiled in a spiral. The ship features a rudder and a square sail with checkered sailcloth in a frame of consistent width. Above the vessel, an object can be perceived that is difficult to interpret ([Fredrik Nordin] called it an axe, but if so, it likely is a double-edged axe). Probably, however, this is the depiction of a harp (cf. the well-known examples from Oberflacht) [cf. ibid. I, p. 88]. Further up, the vague remains of a symmetrical group of figures or ornaments may be made out.” Lindqvist only provides a photo of the unpainted stone, dating to 1933 (cf. ATA 1719:28, 2437:3–4). All described elements are well-discernable here. In the unpublished drawings by Säve (see IV) and Sörling (1911), ATA run- och bildstenssamling), the main elements are included as well. \n\nThe “symmetrical group of figures or ornaments” probably represents a pair of serpent-like creatures. The more-or-less axe-like object above the vessel, the right half of which probably features a rectangular opening and thus forms a kind of frame (as can also be seen on both drawings), can surely be regarded as a stringed instrument, a lyre (not a harp). Archaeological evidence for lyres of this sort is known from the 2nd to the 8th/9th centuries and has been found particularly in England, Germany, and the Netherlands (Bruce-Mitford 1983, pp. 611–727; Betz/Wanzeck 1999; Kolltveit 2000; Bischop 2002; Koch 2004). Most prominent are, for example, the complete instruments from the Alemannic row grave fields of Oberflacht (6th and first quarter of the 7th c.) (Paulsen 1992, pp. 147–155; figs. 126–127) and Trossingen (burial dated to AD 580) (Theune-Großkopf 2002; 2005; 2006; 2010), from a Frankish burial of high status underneath St. Severin in Cologne (early 8th c.) (Päffgen 1992 I, pp. 481–485; figs. 169–170; II, pp. 280–284; III, pl. 59:5), as well as the Anglo-Saxon royal burial at Sutton Hoo (7th c. [AD 624/625?]) (Bruce-Mitford 1970; 1983, pp. 611–727). There also are lyres or their components from the North (Bischop 2002): a bridge of a lyre was found at Birka (9th c.) (Salmen 1970, p. 8, fig. 1:3), a lyre yoke in Hedeby (11th c.) (Lawson 1984), and two fragments of bridges at Wurt Elisenhof near Tönning (8th c.) (Salmen 1970, pp. 7–8; fig. 1:4; pl. 3,1–2). From Gotland, two examples are known: an amber bridge from the ‘chief’s grave’ at Broa in Halla parish (8th c.) (Reimers 1980) and a bronze bridge from Gerete, Fardhem parish (Vedin 2007). \n\nAnother depiction of a lyre can be seen on the Type C/D picture stone fragment GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2 – the fragmented, more-or-less rectangular object with vertical stripes at the ship’s bow must be regarded as a stringed instrument. Apparently, the musical instrument is carried along in a war ship. \n\nIn the 1950s, Karl Hauck examined Lärbro Källstäde by means of a latex cast and tried to detect further carvings. His drawing of the stone (which he never published) documents several astonishing results – sun symbols in the corners of the head, a human figure with splayed legs (comparable to the figure on GP 281 När Smiss 3) in the top field, a pair of giant serpents, and two warriors, one with horned headgear and one with a wolfʼs head (as on the Vendel Period Pressblech plates from Torslunda, Öland) on both sides of the ship (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 35d). In 2010, Laila Kitzler Åhfeldt and Sigmund Oehrl checked Hauckʼs results on the basis of 3D modelling. Actually, some faint and scattered remains of further carvings to the right and to the left of the vessel could be verified (ibid. pls. 62c–f). However, the great majority of elements added by Hauck are without foundation and must be rejected (ibid. pp. 94, 286, 288). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2081",
"value_resource_id": 2081,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2081",
"display_title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d99613c087fb6dce266610f1c529e77300c50a5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0034.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation. However, Oehrl stresses that the lyre had its Sitz im Leben (context) within the lifestyle of a martial aristocracy, associated with heroic poetry. More comprehensively: Oehrl 2019a, pp. 259–262. "
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to the group of Type B stones with convex head and pronounced corners, which protrude horizontally. With a height of 105 cm above ground, the slab represents one of the tallest Type B picture stones and cannot really be called a dwarf stone. Lindqvist does not assign the monument to a certain group. Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Lärbro Källstäde to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The archaeological evidence for lyres of the depicted kind is known from the 2nd to the 8th/9th centuries (see VI). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Tall stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 66, 73, 88, fig. 43; II, p. 89; Lund 1981, p. 255; Henschen-Nyman 1984; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 27; Kolltveit 2000, p. 19, fig. 1; Gustavson 2008, p. 37, fig. 1; Guber 2011, p. 134 cat. no. 50; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 74, 94, 228, 260, 286, 288, pls. 35d, 62c–f, 63a–b. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro, Källstäde"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4780",
"value_resource_id": 4780,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4780",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0248",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0248_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "176"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
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],
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{
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1865 i en åker med många stensättningar nära gården Källstäde. Donerades till Statens historiska museum 1868. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 140 cm hög och som bredast 70 cm. Kantdekor och på den nedre delen av stenen ett skepp med segel. Över skeppet ett svårdefinierat föremål, kanske en lyra, samt några ormlika varelser. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nLyrmotivet kan knytas till heroisk skaldediktning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rudder"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "lyre"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "axe"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "serpent (and see note)"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCwpsavw1UKT5JxC3kWwBMMAVFp8jH8BkAP6prBB-l-mYU?e=8N8Dgt"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081",
"o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2227",
"o:title": "GP 181 Hejdeby Råby"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2238",
"o:title": "GP 192 Hejnum Mallgårds 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272",
"o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2081",
"o:title": "GP 34 Boge Laxarve 2"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0248"
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}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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],
"o:id": 2295,
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
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"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:13+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T10:30:04+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4269",
"o:id": 4269
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4269",
"o:id": 4269
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0249"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "At the outer edge of a mound belonging to the property of Norder-Ire gård, Lärbro parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro Norder-Ire"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfanns vid ett husbygge på tidigare ängsmark."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The only brief reports about the find are given by Oscar Wennersten in the newspaper Gotlands Allehanda, Christmas issue 1913, and in the catalogue of Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm (dnr 412/763-1913). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 89) notes that Norder-Ire I “was found in the summer of 1913 during foundation works for a small house at the outer edge of a mound in a former meadow. After the find was reported by the farmer Karl Andersson, the find place was examined by Wennersten, who subsequently in the autumn of the same year discovered the other stones (GP 250 Norder-Ire II, GP 251 Norder-Ire III, GP 265 Norder-Ire IV, and GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]) during his investigations along the side of the building where No. I had come to light. Whether the mound was of natural or artificial origin could not be determined.” The place where the stones were found was called ʻNorder-Ire Torgʼ by the local population. Eight further small fragments of an apparently worked limestone slab, which have been uncovered during Wennersten’s investigation as well, were interpreted by Jan Peder Lamm (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 190) as a fifth picture stone (GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]). Furthermore, two fragments of a grinding stone were discovered together with the picture stones. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2296",
"value_resource_id": 2296,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2296",
"display_title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/37e5403f7590b75d8507373f3bb1f1b6d2db9fb0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0250.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2297",
"value_resource_id": 2297,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2297",
"display_title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0454217c1ad6e89a664f896ef4d197ba88d02aa1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0251.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2311",
"value_resource_id": 2311,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2311",
"display_title": "GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/484b0a59fad4bb1f9f7311df69adf83c605cb1c3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0265.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2312",
"value_resource_id": 2312,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2312",
"display_title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 6.5 cm thick. The obverse is naturally even, parts of the polished surface survived unweathered. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with a chamfer of 1 cm width in between. The reverse is rough and unworked. The height is 61 cm, or 39 cm when measured from the lower edge of the decoration. At its narrowest part, the body is 31 cm wide, at the corners 33 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 89). The small monument is completely preserved, including its massive root. The right edge and corner of the head, however, are a little bit damaged. Also, a very small part of the left corner is chipped. Some parts of the surface appear to be worn; however, it is largely in good condition and the decoration well discernible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "61"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "39"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist provides a photo of the painted stone and describes it (1941/42 I, fig. 36; II, p. 89): “Decorated with about 2 mm wide and 1 mm deep carved lines and chiseled background fields. Inside of the framing border with its simplified ‘twisted-cord’ pattern, most of the panel is filled by interlace formed by a ribbon. One of its ends is visible in the top left corner, while the other, rather unclear end either is in the middle of the panel’s lower edge or possibly close to the bottom left corner.” The rounded end of the ribbon in the top left corner is a bit curling – clear zoomorphic features indicating a serpent or serpent-like animal (Larsen 2009, p. 33), however, are missing. A drawing by O. Sörling from 1914 and a drawing on tracing paper kept in ATA do not provide further information. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "If the interlace and knot motifs on Norder-Ire I and other middle type ʻdwarf stonesʼ such as GP 193 Hellvi Ire III and GP 74 Endre skog represent more than just decoration, an apotropaic intention should be taken into consideration. The conception of knot, net and interlace patterns as magical protective devices against all kinds of harm, fettering, capturing and caging the evil in their impenetrable web, is widespread and well documented in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and has also been discussed regarding Late Iron Age Scandinavia, namely in case of the animal style (e.g. Scheftelowitz 1912; Weigert 1938; Wessel 1971; Zischka 1977; Kitzinger 1993; Graf 2010, 29–35; Wamers 2008, 52–54; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 265–288; Oehrl 2019a, p. 123) – That serpent-like animals, intertwined and knotted together, represent fettered and defanged demons, is easy to imagine. In the case of the Gotlandic picture stones, the possible apotropaic power of interlace and knot motifs (possibly also of ʻnetʼ patterns depicted on GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds; GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs; GP 578 Alva Änge; GP 193 Hellvi Ire III?) would most probably be directed against grave robbers or against the buried person, whose return was feared. Measures against both are well proven, e.g., by runestone inscriptions (Düwel 1978). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
"value_resource_id": 2399,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2399",
"display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"value_resource_id": 2319,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2319",
"display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"value_resource_id": 2621,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2621",
"display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist’s classification of the stone is more than confusing. In the description of his Type B subgroups, he assigns it to the Sojvidegruppe (ibid. pp. 36–37) but later in his overview table he notes it under Stenstugruppe (ibid. p. 38). Neither assignment is convincing since interlace motifs are the main characteristic of Lindqvist’s Alagruppe (ibid. p. 37). Lindqvist compares the interlace pattern of Norder-Ire I and other middle type picture stones with the decoration of Vendel Period brooches to support his dating of ʻAbschnittʼ B (ibid. p. 116). In Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 160), the stone belongs to group dwarf2, dating to the early Vendel Period. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 36–37, 116, fig. 36; II, p. 89; Varenius 1992, p. 58, fig. 5a; Larsen 2009, p. 33, fig. 29; Guber 2011, p. 135 cat. no. 51; Oehrl 2019a, p. 67. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro, Norder-Ire I"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4781",
"value_resource_id": 4781,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4781",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0249",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "177"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15099:1"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913 vid husbygge i kanten av en hög i ett tidigare änge tillhörande gården Norder Ire. Vid efterundersökning påträffades GP 250, 251, 265 och 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire II-V vid samma hög. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 61 cm hög och största bredd 33 cm. Kantdekor och innanför denna ett flätmönster och möjligen en orm. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nFlätmönstret kan vara en ontavvärjande symbol. \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2296",
"value_resource_id": 2296,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2296",
"display_title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/37e5403f7590b75d8507373f3bb1f1b6d2db9fb0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0250.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2297",
"value_resource_id": 2297,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130",
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{
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"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog"
},
{
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"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
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"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "At the outer edge of a mound belonging to the property of Norder-Ire gård, Lärbro parish. "
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Lärbro"
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Återfanns vid ett husbygge på tidigare ängsmark."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The only brief reports about the find are given by Oscar Wennersten in the newspaper Gotlands Allehanda, Christmas issue 1913, and in the catalogue of Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm (dnr 412/763-1913). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 89) notes that GP 249 Norder-Ire I “was found in the summer of 1913 during foundation works for a small house at the outer edge of a mound in a former meadow. After the find was reported by the farmer Karl Andersson, the find place was examined by Wennersten, who subsequently in the autumn of the same year discovered the other stones (GP 250 Norder-Ire II, GP 251 Norder-Ire III, GP 265 Norder-Ire IV, and GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]) during his investigations along the side of the building where No. I had come to light. Whether the mound was of natural or artificial origin could not be determined.” The place where the stones were found was called ʻNorder-Ire Torgʼ by the local population. Eight further small fragments of an apparently worked limestone slab, which were uncovered during Wennersten’s investigation as well, were interpreted by Jan Peder Lamm (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 190) as a fifth picture stone (GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]). Furthermore, two fragments of a grinding stone were discovered together with the picture stones. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2297",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2297",
"display_title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0454217c1ad6e89a664f896ef4d197ba88d02aa1.jpg",
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2311",
"value_resource_id": 2311,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2311",
"display_title": "GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/484b0a59fad4bb1f9f7311df69adf83c605cb1c3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0265.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2312",
"value_resource_id": 2312,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2312",
"display_title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 5 cm thick. The obverse is smooth, the narrow sides are reasonably at right angles towards the obverse, but they are not even. Presumably, they are hardly worked at all, but formed by nature. The reverse is rough and unworked. This stone is the smallest of all known picture stones. Its height is 32.5 m, of which about 24 cm are accounted for by the part above the base. The width between the upper corners is 23 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 89). The tiny monument is completely preserved, including the root. There is no serious damage and not much weathering and abrasion. The material, however, looks perforated and grainy. "
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"@value": "32"
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "23"
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "5"
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"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist, who provides a photo of the painted stone, describes the decoration as follows: (1941/42 I, fig. 46 [cf. ATA B3:60, 1937]; II, p. 89): “The stone is decorated with shallowly carved, 1–3 mm wide lines forming a framing border with a simplified band pattern.” The border with the geometricised twisted cord pattern fills almost the entire surface; there is only a narrow vertical field left open in the middle, which remains undecorated. Photos of the unpainted stone from 1933 (1750:65b; 977:11e), a drawing by O. Sörling from 1918, and drawings (rubbings) on tracing paper are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Due to its typical border decoration, Lindqvist assigns the tiny picture stone to his ʻAbschnittʼ B, dating between AD 500 and 700. The special monument, which represents the smallest of all known Gotlandic picture stones, does not belong to any of Lindqvist’s subgroups. There is no comparable monument known so far. The stone’s shape, however, roughly rectangular, widening towards its slightly convex upper edge, almost axe-shaped, is unusual for a Type B monument and looks more like a Type A stone (cf. Larsen 2009, p. 33). Therefore, in Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 160) Lärbro Norder-Ire II belongs to group dwarf1, dating to the Migration Period. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 38, fig. 46; II, p. 89; Larsen 2009, pp. 33–34, fig. 30; Oehrl 2019a, p. 67. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro, Norder-Ire II"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4782",
"value_resource_id": 4782,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4782",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0250",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0250_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "178"
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"ai2:shmID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15099:2"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913 vid efterundersökning av husbygge i kanten av en hög i ett tidigare änge tillhörande gården Norder Ire. Vid undersökningen påträffades GP 249, 251, 265 och 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire I, III-V vid samma hög. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 32,5 cm hög och största bredd 24 cm. Kantdekor fyller största delen av stenen. Innanför denna dekor ingen bild. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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{
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"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
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"value_resource_id": 2311,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2311",
"display_title": "GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/484b0a59fad4bb1f9f7311df69adf83c605cb1c3.jpg",
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"display_title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
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"@value": "6581391"
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"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAHqvQ359FwQZW8Lwe3wL6xAQeNSH9zyARvzKuTWaIhm6s?e=xL2XGR"
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{
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],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:owner": {
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T10:58:57+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4283",
"o:id": 4283
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4283",
"o:id": 4283
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 265 Lärbro Norder-Ire IV"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0265"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "At the outer edge of a mound belonging to the property of Norder-Ire gård, Lärbro parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro Norder-Ire"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfanns vid ett husbygge på tidigare ängsmark."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The only brief reports about the find are given by Oscar Wennersten in the newspaper Gotlands Allehanda, Christmas issue 1913, and in the catalogue of Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm (dnr 412/763-1913). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 89) notes that GP 249 Norder-Ire I “was found in the summer of 1913 during foundation works for a small house at the outer edge of a mound in a former meadow. After the find was reported by the farmer Karl Andersson, the find place was examined by Wennersten, who subsequently in the autumn of the same year discovered the other stones (GP 250 Norder-Ire II, GP 251 Norder-Ire III, GP 265 Norder-Ire IV, and GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]) during his investigations along the side of the building where No. I had come to light. Whether the mound was of natural or artificial origin could not be determined.” The place where the stones were found was called ʻNorder-Ire Torgʼ by the local population. Eight further small fragments of an apparently worked limestone slab, which were uncovered during Wennersten’s investigation as well, were interpreted by Jan Peder Lamm (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 190) as a fifth picture stone (GP 266 Norder-Ire [V]). Furthermore, two fragments of a grinding stone were discovered together with the picture stones. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2296",
"value_resource_id": 2296,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2296",
"display_title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/37e5403f7590b75d8507373f3bb1f1b6d2db9fb0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0250.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2297",
"value_resource_id": 2297,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2297",
"display_title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0454217c1ad6e89a664f896ef4d197ba88d02aa1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0251.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2312",
"value_resource_id": 2312,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2312",
"display_title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small fragment could be described as an irregular square, whose longest, quite irregular edge is about 25 cm long. The limestone slab is 9 cm thick, and the surface is smooth and even. Apparently, no original edge is preserved, and all four edges are broken (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 89). Lindqvist does not provide any picture of the stone in his book; however, a photo of the unpainted fragment is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 1751:8 [H. Faith-Ell 1933]) as well as a drawing (from O. Sörling?). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "25"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Two parallel horizontal lines run along the longest edge of the fragment, which is regarded by Lindqvist as representing the upper edge. There is a distance of 3 cm between both lines, and a distance of between 1 and 3 cm between the outer line and the upper edge. On the left end of the double line, it takes a 90° turn upwards, towards the upper edge. The drawing (by O. Sörling) kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling) does not consider this short turning of the double line. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 89) concludes: “These lines possibly constitute the lower left corner of the framing of the picture stone. If this indeed was the case, the fragment essentially represents its root. Of the original decoration no traces have survived. There are several modern grooves on the obverse, of which one intersects with the inner line, at the place where it makes its turn.” "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment cannot be assigned to any group (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 27). Presumably, it represents the root part of a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to AD 500–700. However, as no original edge and no decoration is preserved, this can only be a guess. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unclear"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unclear (ca. 400-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "?"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 28, 89. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lärbro, Norder-Ire IV"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4796",
"value_resource_id": 4796,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4796",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0265",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0265_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "180"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15099:4"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913 vid efterundersökning av husbygge i kanten av en hög i ett tidigare änge tillhörande gården Norder Ire. Vid undersökningen påträffades GP 249, 250, 251 och 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire I-III, V vid samma hög. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nKvadratiskt fragment av en trolig liten bildsten (period B), 25 cm lång. Spår av två parallella linjer. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2296",
"value_resource_id": 2296,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2296",
"display_title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/37e5403f7590b75d8507373f3bb1f1b6d2db9fb0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0250.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2297",
"value_resource_id": 2297,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2297",
"display_title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0454217c1ad6e89a664f896ef4d197ba88d02aa1.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0251.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2312",
"value_resource_id": 2312,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2312",
"display_title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB__PrZ6sIcRYLV938-BAOdARN6zYBhCQtoDI6EPKM68XM?e=zabvBS"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2296",
"o:title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2297",
"o:title": "GP 251 Lärbro Norder-Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2312",
"o:title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2312",
"o:title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2312",
"o:title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2296",
"o:title": "GP 250 Lärbro Norder-Ire II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2312",
"o:title": "GP 266 Lärbro Norder-Ire (V)"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4796",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0265"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2319,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:04:40+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0273"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/9e143d97-8a40-4c9d-a808-b22b91012df6",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Incorporated into a stone enclosure (vast) on the property of the farm ʻBjärs (Bjers) gårdʼ in Norrlanda parish (RAÄ Norrlanda 117:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda Bjers"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen på Lillänge sydväst om gården vid uppodling av änget 1935."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The open-air museum ʻNorrlanda fornstugaʼ in Burs, Norrlanda parish. "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ute"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda fornstuga inventarienummer 96."
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“This picture stone was found in 1935 by the primary school teacher Emil Norrby while cultivating a meadow on the piece of land called ‘Lilläng’, which belongs to Bjärs farm, several stone’s throws [i.e., circa 150 m] southwest of the farmstead, in a row of grass-covered boulders and unhewn stones that once formed an enclosure” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 105). Norrby removed the stone from the stone enclosure (vast) and donated it to the recently established small open-air museum ʻNorrlanda fornstugaʼ in Burs, which is situated about 1.3 km northwest of the find spot. The stone is still on exhibition there and kept indoors. All information about the discovery, restoration, and destination of the picture stone are documented by letters kept in ATA (dnr 3303–3305/35; 2160/37; 3668/37). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "When it was discovered, the stone was broken into three pieces – the upper piece represented the stone’s head as well as parts of its neck and upper body, the middle fragment represented the monument’s lower image field, and the lower piece the base as well as the massive foot-like root. One piece, broken off the stone’s upper right edge, including the right corner of the head, is lost. Another small piece is broken off the stone’s left edge. The three fragments were assembled in the open-air museum in 1937 by drilling holes into the stones and connecting them with iron rods and concrete. The broken part at the left edge of the head was reconstructed. A photo of the reconstructed and painted stone is provided by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 469; cf. ATA 1820:19), and a photo of the reconstructed but unpainted monument, on which both breaks are visible, is kept in ATA. \n\nLindqvist describes the stone as follows: “Limestone slab, about 5 cm thick above the root. The root itself is up to 10 cm thick. The decorated face is hewn above the root. This also applies to the narrow sides across their width of 4 cm. The narrow sides are divided from the decorated broad side by a chamfer. The reverse is rough and uneven. The stone’s total height is 115 cm, between the top and the lower edge of the decoration, it is 81 cm. At the base (at the bottommost part of the decoration), the stone is 42.5 cm wide, half-way up (or as far upwards as possible now for an exact measurement), the stone has a width of 42.5 cm. Between the corners (according to the reconstruction) and on a level with the ship’s hull, the width is 51.5 cm” (1941/42 II, p. 105). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "115"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "51"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was painted by M. Stenberger in 1937. The stone is framed by a border with a geometrical pattern, namely a more sophisticated and elaborate version of the geometricized twisted cord pattern that is typical for middle-type picture stones. The decorated surface is divided by a wide horizontal border, which features a geometric step pattern, as well. In the upper field, a simple ship image can be seen, with towering stems that sharply bend inwards, a mast, and a small rectangular sail. The lower image field is filled by a rhombic grid pattern. There is a group of middle-type picture stones that depict a similar rhombic-pattern (see IX), which have been proposed to represent (symbolise) a ship’s sail, which is not entirely convincing (Guber 2011, p. 67). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Norrlanda Bjärs to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. The monuments of the Stenstugruppe are frequently decorated on both sides, unlike Norrlanda Bjärs. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. \n\nThe rhombic pattern in the lower field is similar to GP 193 Hellvi Ire III; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide; and GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds. The best parallel to the Norrlanda stone’s elaborate version of the geometricized interlace pattern is GP 142 Halla Broa VII. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, p. 58, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Norrlanda Bjärs to his group II (skepp med enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
"value_resource_id": 2399,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2399",
"display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 66, 116; II, p. 105, fig. 469; Guber 2011, p. 137 cat. no. 56. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:8722"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda 117:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda, Bjärs"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4804",
"value_resource_id": 4804,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4804",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0273",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0273_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "197"
}
],
"ai2:otherID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 333,
"property_label": "Other ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda Fornstuga no. 96"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1935 i en övergiven stengärdesgård vid uppodling av Lilläng tillhörande gården Bjärs. Upphittaren donerade bildstenen till Norrlanda fornstuga. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nNorrlanda fornstuga i Burs i Norrlanda församling. Bildstenen var bruten i tre delar, men samlades till en sten på Norrlanda fornstuga 1937. \n\nBeskrivning \nLiten bildsten (period B) bruten i tre delar, som samlades 1937. Längd 115 cm, största bredd 51,5 cm. Bildstenen omfattar två bildfält, det övre ett skepp, med mast och litet segel, det nedre ett rombiskt nätmönster. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6381141"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "721623"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6381957"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "720091"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDbKoa_7ZtkSI_8dDjd0QlgAWydHQN9xcfkLkZ14KOamtg?e=81IuLK"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2621",
"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2139",
"o:title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2337",
"o:title": "GP 291 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2399",
"o:title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4804",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0273"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/213",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 213,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"o:id": 2319
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.51844949277758,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.700934242854032,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2320,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:08:34+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4289",
"o:id": 4289
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4289",
"o:id": 4289
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0274"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the property belonging to Bringes gård in Norrlanda parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Norrlanda Bringes"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Vet ej än"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone was delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1910 (Fornvännen 1910, p. 245). No information about the find circumstances are given, only the name of the farmstead on whose property it was found. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab that above the root (which is up to 11 cm thick) is approximately 8 cm thick. Above the root, both broad sides have been hewn and polished to form quite smooth, but significantly convex surfaces, which subsequently were severely damaged by weathering. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the broad sides; whether there were chamfers between the broad and narrow sides cannot be determined, due to the weathering. The stone’s overall height is 91 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. Between the upper corners, the width is 46 cm, at the base 30 cm. The decoration is executed in carved lines now of 4 mm width and up to 1 mm depth with rounded bases. An exception is the figure above the bird, which features very fine lines that probably were cut with a knife” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 105–106). The stone is completely preserved and undamaged."
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "91"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "46"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings are described by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 106) in great detail: “One of the broad sides [face B] appears to have been worked carefully – or just less weathered – than the other and is divided into four panels by a simple framing border with a cross inside it. Of these panels, only the top one seems to feature imagery, namely a water bird, which is drawn in the same clumsy posture as that of corresponding animals of other stones but positioned with a slant to make the feet rest on the cross arm. Also, just above the bird, a more weakly carved, possibly secondary, rectangular figure can be made out that is subdivided by diagonal and other lines. The area of this latter motif is severely weathered and abraded, just as the field above it. The other face, A, seems to have had a richer framing border, and its field was partitioned by a horizontal border about half-way up the body. At the top, it is possible to identify a ship of the same shape and positioning as that on the corresponding face of GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II, but the first ship is placed more skillfully, as here, the horizontal border is higher than on the latter stone.” The aquatic bird depicted on the stone features a massive body, a pointed tail, a long neck with a tiny head, and short legs. Most probably, it represents a goose or a swan. \n\nLindqvist (1941/42 II, figs. 467–468) published photos of both faces without paint (taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933; cf. ATA 1719:1–2) as well as Olof Sörlingʼs drawing of face B (kept in ATAʼs run- och bildstensamling), dating to 1910. The small rectangular figure with diagonal lines, i.e., a framed St. Andrewʼs cross, cannot be discerned in the photo but is drawn by Sörling. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "It has been argued that Continental models and Christian imagery influenced the iconography of the Type B dwarf stones. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 10 Alva St. Ringome (two birds and ship), GP 96 Garda Smiss I (bird and ship), GP 142 Halla Broa VII (bird and ship), GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu (two birds and ship), GP 165 Halla Broa XVII (two birds), GP 200 Hemse Lindvide (two birds), GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes (bird, cross symbols, ship), GP 276 När Rikvide I (two birds and ship), GP 277 När Rikvide 2 (two birds and rhombic pattern), and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (two birds) (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nThe bird motif probably derives from depictions on late Roman and early medieval gravestones (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 40; Böhner 1968, pp. 187–190, figs. 92–93; 1989, pp. 458–460, fig. 19; Oehrl 2010a, pp. 31–32; 2019a, pp. 25, 54, 168; 2020d, p. 150; in print b) – Images of facing pairs of pigeons frequently occur on early Christian tombstones of Rome, mostly with a Christian cross, the Christogram or a small tree (the tree of paradise arbor vitae) between the birds. Those monuments were adapted by early medieval Gallo-Frankish stone carvers, especially in the Rhineland (Böhner 1958, pls. 69–75; Engemann/Rüger 1991, pp. 76–77 no. 15, figs. 43, pp. 79–80 no. 17, figs. 45, pp. 81–82 no. 18, figs. 46, pp. 86–87 no. 21, figs. 49, pp. 87–89 no. 23, figs. 52, pp. 118–120 no. 39, figs. 71; Ristow 2007, cat. no. 93, pls. 40, 57, 75). Good examples of those stones depicting pigeons and the monogram of Christ or other cross signs, dating to between the 5th and 7th centuries, are the gravestones of Arcadius from St. Paulin in Trier, a gable-shaped stone from St. Maximin in Trier, of Mauricius from Kobern-Gondorf, of Besontio in St. Severus in Boppard and of Rignedrudis from Brühl in Nordrhein-Westfalen (Engemann/Rüger 1991, pp. 118–120 no. 39, fig. 71; Ristow 2007, p. 270, cat. no. 93, pls. 75a, 40). In early Christian sepulchral iconography in the Catacombs of Rome, the pigeon symbolizes the human soul (Poeschke 1972, col. 242). The pairs of birds on the ancient and early medieval gravestones can be regarded as representations of the deceased, signifying the cross or the arbor vitae, which refers to salvation and entering paradise (Sühling 1930). \n\nHowever, not only the birds but also the sign of the cross and the christogram seem to have been imitated by Gotlandic stone masons (Böhner 1968, p. 188) – the cross decoration and the small-framed St. Andrew’s cross in combination with an aquatic bird on Norrlanda Bringes appear to be traced back to the common design of Early Medieval Christian grave stones. Diagonal cross decoration, which is reminiscent of Christian symbolism as well, is depicted on the stones GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2. \n\nThere are more parallels between early medieval Christian memorial stones and the Gotlandic Type B picture stones. The typical border decoration consisting of a primitive step pattern, which occurs on most Type B monuments, can also be observed frequently on early medieval stone sculpture of the Rhineland (Böhner 1968, p. 188), e.g., on the prominent Frankish grave stone from Niederdollendorf, dating to the 7th century (Böhner 1944–1950, pp. 63–75; 2002). Furthermore, during the period of ʻAbschnittʼ B, a new kind of picture stone appears, called a cist stone by Lindqvist, which represents small gable-like slabs with a wave-shaped upper edge. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), they were used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four that form cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. Obviously, the characteristic shape of these stones can be traced back to Late Roman and early Christian sepulchral stones (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 216–217). The aquatic birds are not the only animal motifs on Type B picture stones that are connected with Christian iconography. The Type B stone from GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer and a serpent. On the Type B stone GP 551 Väskinde Butter a red deer stag can be seen that is sucking in and eating a snake, which represents a widespread motif in ancient and medieval Christian literary tradition and iconography. \n\nAs a result, the Continental connections of the Type B stones and the Christian origin of their imagery appear obvious. On this basis, it could even be argued that there were early Christian communities on Gotland as early as during the 6th and 7th centuries. More probably, however, the Gotlandic stone masons were influenced and inspired by Continental traditions but rather re-interpreted their models and adapted them to their own world of ideas. They certainly re-interpreted the pigeons, which represented the deceased in paradise, in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in reference to their own eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife, transforming them into Baltic waterfowl (Hauck 1982, 259–260; Böhner 1989, 46; Oehrl 2010, pp. 31–32; 2012a, p. 96; 2015b, p. 223; 2019a, 54–55; 2020d, pp. 149–150; in print). What those aquatic birds in their Scandinavian Pre-Christian context actually represent becomes more understandable when considering a small group of water birds depicted on Viking Age picture stones – The afterlife journey and the arrival in the world of the dead seem to be the main topics in the imagery of the Type C/D picture stones (see in detail GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III), and in the context of this eschatological iconography, aquatic birds occur, probably representing valkyries in the shape of swans, accompanying and guiding the dead, see in detail GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, and GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6. Against this background, it appears plausible that the frequent depictions of aquatic birds on the Type B dwarf stones represent valkyries as well, along with the ship of the dead. "
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"@value": "Probably the burial ground at Rikvide/Rikviderör in När parish (RAÄ När 6:1). "
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"@value": "Stenen hittades liggande över en grav med brända ben. År 1826 infördes den av N.J. Ekdahls till SHM. Sannolikt har graven ingått i gravfältet, till nr 6."
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 104) notes briefly that “[t]his stone was found over a grave with burnt bones. N. J. Ekdahl brought it to SHM in 1826.” Probably, the stone originates from the large burial ground south of Rikvide farm (RAÄ När 6:1). It covers an area of circa 475 x 170 m (NE–SW), including properties of Rikvide, Rikviderör, Smiss and Hallbjärs, and features about 800 circular stone settings, only a few of which have been excavated and could be dated to the Vendel and Viking Periods (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 625; IV:2, pp. 550–554). Including those graves, which have been destroyed, the total number could be more than 1000. Only very small parts of the cemetery have been investigated; however, some loose finds have been collected in the course of the decades. There are also two gravklot (large spherical stones) and more picture stones (GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 283 När Smiss II and GP 281 När Smiss 3) originating from the grave field. GP 280 När Smiss I was found near the farmstead of Smiss, not far from the grave field, next to a group of robbed grave mounds. \n\nThe stone from När Rikvide I represents the very first Gotlandic picture stone that was delivered to SHM in Stockholm, where it is still on exhibition today (Warncke 1987a, p. 38). Apparently, the pastor and historian Nils Johan Ekdahl, who prompted the transfer to the museum in 1826, was the first person to recognize the antiquarian significance of these monuments (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 9; Lamm 2012, p. 26). "
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, on average 6–7 cm thick. The obverse is slightly curved, but in large parts planed down by chiselling. In several places, however, there are deeper and severely weathered areas that might provide an impression of the stone block’s original appearance before it was hewn and carved into a picture stone. The narrow sides are levelled and form a right angle to both obverse and reverse. They are separated from the obverse by a carelessly executed chamfer of maximum 1 cm width. The reverse is rough and unworked. The height of the stone is 60 cm, the maximum width is 47 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 104). The small picture stone is almost completely preserved. A small part at the top and the lower right corner of the slab are broken off, the root is missing. "
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"@value": "The carvings are described by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 104) in great detail: “Generally, this stone is decorated with thin lines, carved 1–2 mm deep. The crosslines within the bordering [forming the typical step pattern, which probably represents a geometrized twisted cord], however, are wider and have rounded bases. At the very top of the image panel, a watercraft can be seen, with high stems, steering oar, and a small rectangular sail. Below it, there are two long-necked birds, facing each other. In the drawing by [Olof Sörling from 1909], each of the birds appears to have two legs, each formed by a vertical line with one or two crosslines (toes) pointing forwards or backwards [Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 466; cf. ATA 2440:16]. At several places, however, it becomes apparent that the person who wielded the chisel here, whenever there was need to break a line to make an angle, out of neglect would extend the lines a bit beyond the point of intersection, for instance, both lines of the arm. This likely also applies to the carving of the bird’s legs; the stonemason probably intended to show only one leg for each bird, and this is represented by an upright-standing rectangle. Each aquatic bird depicted on the stone features a massive body, a pointed tail, a long neck with a tiny head, and short legs. Most probably, they represent a goose or perhaps a swan. "
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"@value": "It has been argued that Continental models and Christian imagery influenced the iconography of the Type B dwarf stones. This refers above all to the waterfowl, in particular, those that appear in facing pairs. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 10 Alva St. Ringome (two birds and ship), GP 96 Garda Smiss I (bird and ship), GP 142 Halla Broa VII (bird and ship), GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu (two birds and ship), GP 165 Halla Broa XVII (two birds), GP 200 Hemse Lindvide (two birds), GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes (bird, cross symbols, ship), GP 276 När Rikvide I (two birds and ship), GP 277 När Rikvide 2 (two birds and rhombic pattern), and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (two birds) (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nThe bird motif probably recalls depictions on late Roman and early medieval gravestones (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 40; Böhner 1968, pp. 187–190, figs. 92–93; 1989, pp. 458–460, fig. 19; Oehrl 2010a, pp. 31–32; 2019a, pp. 25, 54, 168; 2020d, p. 150; in print b) – Images of facing pairs of pigeons frequently occur on early Christian tombstones of Rome, mostly with a Christian cross, the Christogram or a small tree (the tree of paradise arbor vitae) between both birds. Those monuments have been adapted by early medieval Gallo-Frankish stone carvers, especially in the Rhineland (Böhner 1958, pls. 69–75; Engemann/Rüger 1991, pp. 76–77 no. 15, figs. 43, pp. 79–80 no. 17, figs. 45, pp. 81–82 no. 18, figs. 46, pp. 86–87 no. 21, figs. 49, pp. 87–89 no. 23, figs. 52, pp. 118–120 no. 39, figs. 71; Ristow 2007, cat. no. 93, pls. 40, 57, 75). Good examples of those stones depicting pigeons and the monogram of Christ or other cross signs, dating to between the 5th and 7th centuries, are the gravestones of Arcadius from St. Paulin in Trier, a gable-shaped stone from St. Maximin in Trier, of Mauricius from Kobern-Gondorf, of Besontio in St. Severus in Boppard and of Rignedrudis from Brühl in Nordrhein-Westfalen (Engemann/Rüger 1991, pp. 118–120 no. 39, fig. 71; Ristow 2007, p. 270, cat. no. 93, pls. 75a, 40). \n\nHowever, not only the facing pair of birds but also the sign of the cross and the Christogram seem to have been imitated by Gotlandic stone masons (Böhner 1968, p. 188) – a ship and diagonal cross decoration, which is reminiscent of Christian symbolism, is depicted, for instance, on the stones GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2; cross decoration and a small framed St. Andrew’s cross in combination with an aquatic bird can be seen on the picture stone GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. \n\nIn early Christian sepulchral iconography in the Catacombs of Rome, the pigeon symbolizes the human soul (Poeschke 1972, col. 242). The pairs of birds on the ancient and early medieval gravestones can be regarded as representations of the deceased, signifying the cross or the arbor vitae, which refers to salvation and entering paradise (Sühling 1930). \n\nThere are more parallels between early medieval Christian memorial stones and the Gotlandic Type B picture stones. The typical border decoration consisting of a primitive step pattern (representing a geometrized twisted cord pattern), which occurs on most Type B monuments, can also be observed frequently on early medieval stone sculpture of the Rhineland (Böhner 1968, p. 188), e.g., on the prominent Frankish grave stone from Niederdollendorf, dating to the 7th century (Böhner 1944–1950, pp. 63–75; 2002). Furthermore, during ʻAbschnittʼ B, a new kind of picture stone appears, called cist stone by Lindqvist, representing small gable-like slabs with a wave-shaped upper edge. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 40, 47–48, 58–61; 1964, pp. 42–84), they were used either pairwise representing grave markers or in a group of four that form cist-shaped (grave or sacrificial) monuments. Obviously, the characteristic shape of these stones can be traced back to Late Roman and early Christian sepulchral stones (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 216–217). \n\nThe aquatic birds are not the only animal motifs on Type B picture stones which are connected with Christian iconography. The Type B stone from GP 74 Endre skog depicts a red deer and a serpent. On the Type B stone GP 551 Väskinde Butter a red deer stag can be seen who is sucking in and eating a serpent (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 163–168, pls. 166a–167e). The deer, which is fighting, trampling down and, in particular, eating a serpent represents a widespread motif in ancient and medieval Christian literary tradition and iconography. \n\nAs a result, the Continental connections of the Type B stones and the Christian origin of their imagery appear obvious. On this basis, it could even be argued that there have been early Christian communities on Gotland as early as during the 6th and 7th centuries. More probably, however, the Gotlandic stone masons were influenced and inspired by Continental traditions but rather re-interpreted their models and adapted them to their own world of ideas. They certainly re-interpreted the pigeons, who represented the deceased in paradise, in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, with regard to their own eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife, transforming them into Baltic waterfowl (Hauck 1982, 259–260; Böhner 1989, 46; Oehrl 2010, pp. 31–32; 2012a, p. 96; 2015b, p. 223; 2019a, 54–55; 2020d, pp. 149–150; in print). \n\nWhat those aquatic birds in their Scandinavian Pre-Christian context represent becomes more understandable after considering a small group of water birds depicted on Viking Age picture stones. The afterlife journey and the arrival in the world of the dead seem to be the main topics in the imagery of the Type C/D picture stones (see in detail GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III), and in the context of this eschatological iconography, aquatic birds occur, probably representing valkyries in the shape of swans, accompanying and guiding the dead, see in detail GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, and GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6. Against this background, it appears plausible that the frequent depictions of aquatic birds on the Type B dwarf stones represent valkyries as well, along with the ship of the dead. "
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"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386",
"value_resource_id": 2386,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2386",
"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2138",
"value_resource_id": 2138,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2138",
"display_title": "GP0091",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f013e0b5d4e9c4283dfc8b692e086a18f1d35595.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0091.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167",
"value_resource_id": 2167,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2167",
"display_title": "GP0120",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 37) as dwarf stones with convex but rather flat arched head and pronounced corners, which protrude horizontally. He assigns När Rikvide I to his so-called Stenstugruppe (ibid.), which is in particular characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower or a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. Those monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on När Rikvide I to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and 9th centuries. Based on the shape of the stone, however, Lindqvist regards it as an early specimen of Type B (1941/42 I, p. 115). "
}
],
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 9, 37, 66, 70, 115, fig. 35; II, p. 104, fig. 466; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; 1987, p. 460; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 20; Guber 2011, p. 138 cat. no. 58; Oehrl 2010a, p. 31, pl. IX:22; 2019a, pp. 2, 32, 168, pl. 26a; 2020c, pp. 149–150, fig. 32; in print b. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1976:5422"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "När 134:1"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "När, Rikvide"
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],
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4807",
"value_resource_id": 4807,
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0276",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0276_RGB.nxz",
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],
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "202"
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],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "484:77"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades före 1826 över en brandgrav på det stora gravfältet söder om gården Rikvide. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1826, såsom den första gotländska bildstenen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens historiska Museum, i utställningen \n\nBeskrivning \nNästan helt bevarad dvärgsten (period B), 60 cm hög och som bredast 47 cm. Överst på stenen ett skepp med ett litet segel och under skeppet två motställda sjöfåglar (gäss? svanar?) \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nSjöfågelmotivet har förebilder i kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "ship"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "oar"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "waterfowl"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "neck"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "goose"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "swan"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6351099"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "720870"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "675775"
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgALPZstUdm1SpouPbU9pAXnAcr3zzivW68GzwbeeywS9H4?e=ZZHCQo"
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],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2071",
"o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159",
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2067",
"o:title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2329",
"o:title": "GP 283 När Smiss II"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4807",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0276"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/214",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 214,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"o:id": 2322
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"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.24950704551935,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.66141204430778,
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"o:id": 2323,
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4291",
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"o:media": [
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],
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"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0277"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
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"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/198ab179-14b3-4790-b7e5-7147ffff33b9",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The burial ground at Rikvide/Rikviderör in När parish (RAÄ När 6:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Rikvide"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen \"på ytan av en mindre grav\" på gravfältet Rikvide (fornlämning 6)."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone originates from the large burial ground south of Rikvide farm (RAÄ När 6:1). This cemetery covers an area of circa 475 x 170 m (NE–SW), including properties of Rikvide, Rikviderör, Smiss and Hallbjärs, and features about 800 circular stone settings, only a few of which have been excavated and could be dated to the Vendel and Viking Periods (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 625; IV:2, pp. 550–554). Including those graves, which have been destroyed, the total number could be more than 1000. Only very small parts of the cemetery have been investigated; however, some loose finds have been collected in the course of the decades. There are also two gravklot (large spherical stones) and some more picture stones (GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 283 När Smiss II and GP 281 När Smiss 3) originating from the grave field. GP 280 När Smiss I was found near the farmstead of Smiss, not far from the grave field, next to a group of robbed grave mounds. \n\nThe stone was discovered in 1995 by a local man (Axel Svahn) during a field trip organized by the assembly on occasion of the ʻÖppet Gotlandʼ (Open Gotland) event (Östergren 1995; ATA dnr 321-1135-2003). The monument was found in a circular stone setting, situated in the western part of the burial ground, lying on top of the grave mound, which measured 4 to 5 m in diameter. However, when the spot was inspected in 2002, it was not possible to determine which grave mound with certainty. According to Majvor Östergren, who published the find in 1995 (p. 7), the stone had originally been erected on top of the stone setting or incorporated into the mound but was broken and thrown away when the grave was looted. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2329",
"value_resource_id": 2329,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2329",
"display_title": "GP 283 När Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0283.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is 0.47 m high and 0.37 m wide, its original surface appears to have been relatively even. The picture stoneʼs root and probably a part of its base are broken off, but most of the mushroom-shaped monument is preserved. The surface and the carvings on both sides, however, in the middle field and in the upper part of the small stone, are in bad condition, heavily abraded and largely destroyed. Nevertheless, as the decoration was deeply carved and thoroughly worked out, the border and parts of the imagery are still discernible in certain areas. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "46"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "37"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The monument is decorated on both sides, apparently in exactly the same way; however, only one of the faces preserves the images to a sufficient extent. The surface is much abraded and damaged, in particular, in the upper half, which is more or less indiscernible. Nevertheless, an elaborated variant of the typical step (geometrized interlace) pattern can be verified, which frames the image field, as well as a deeply carved chessboard pattern in the lower part of the surface. A group of Type B picture stones depict a similar rhombic pattern (see IX), which has been interpreted as symbolising a ship’s sail, which is not entirely convincing (Guber 2011, p. 67). At the top of the grid-like lower image field, the remains of two facing aquatic birds can be seen. They feature a massive body, a pointed tail, a long neck with a tiny head, and short legs. Most probably, they represent a goose or perhaps a swan. Photos and a reconstruction of the stoneʼs entire decoration is provided by a drawing by Ulla Sjöswärd (Östergren 1995, fig. 1–3). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or facing pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular with regard to eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones which feature a convex, almost ogival head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. När Rikvide 2 can be assigned to Lindqvistʼs Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37), which, in particular, is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower field and a simple vessel in the upper field of the stone. Those monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). The chessboard pattern in the monument’s lower part is a common feature shared by the Rikvide stone and GP 578 Alva Änge, GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II, GP 193 Hellvi Ire III, GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide, GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs, as well as GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"value_resource_id": 2621,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2621",
"display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125",
"value_resource_id": 2125,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2125",
"display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
"value_resource_id": 2399,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2399",
"display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"value_resource_id": 2319,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2319",
"display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Östergren 1995; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168; in print b. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1975:3315"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När 197"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC16015"
}
],
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{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4808",
"value_resource_id": 4808,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4808",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0277",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "461"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine limestone without reef debris"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Eke Formation (40%)"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1995 i en stensättning på det stora gravfältet söder om gården Rikvide. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDelvis bevarad dvärgsten (period B), bevarad höjd 47 cm och bredd 37 cm. Stenen är dekorerad på samma sätt på båda sidorna, men ytorna är skadade. Överst två motställda sjöfåglar och underst ett nätmönster, som kan representera ett segel. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nSjöfågelmotivet har förebilder i kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waterfowl"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "neck"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "goose"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "swan"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6350780"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "720919"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2329",
"o:title": "GP 283 När Smiss II"
}
],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
}
],
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4808",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0277"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/215",
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"o:id": 1
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"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:13:49+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4292",
"o:id": 4292
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4292",
"o:id": 4292
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"o:id": 2
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0278"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/fd3407d3-f0c6-4b20-a23f-c4d1fdd2df2f",
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}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In a stone setting in Presthåjgarden (the parsonage). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Bosarve (Prästgården)"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen i stensättning på Presthåjgarden."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was found in 1903 in a stone setting during the tilling of a field in the so-called ‘Prästhåigarden’, which in a land consolidation process had fallen to Bosarve. In 1904, there was correspondence between Hans Hansson and Otto Nordström about whether it should be sent to Gotlands Fornsal (ATA). In 1912, it was donated to Gotland Museum by Lektor M. Klintberg (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 102; GR I, p. 142). \n\nEight picture stones have been found in the parish (GP 276–283), ranging from the oldest phase to the youngest. \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2325",
"value_resource_id": 2325,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2325",
"display_title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bb97537ea594f40c4b68f4cef2f061c3c179e03f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0279.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"value_resource_id": 2328,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2328",
"display_title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2329",
"value_resource_id": 2329,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2329",
"display_title": "GP 283 När Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0283.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone slab, about 7 cm thick. Fragment representing the head of a picture stone. The width of the fragment’s head is 0.39 m, the height 0.28 m. \n\nBoth broad sides are dressed and slightly convex. The narrow sides also are dressed, at right angles towards the broad sides. There are carvings on both sides. The decorative lines and runes are about 2 mm wide, quite deep, and have a wedge-shaped cross section; the background field is smooth and sunk 1 mm deep. A drill does not appear to have been used (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 102). The runic inscription is fragmentary; it lacks beginning and end. The runes are carved with thin lines, but deep and clear. The carving is relatively well preserved (GR I, p. 143). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "28"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "39"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On face A, there are ornaments in runestone style inside of the framing border: two ribbon loops held together by a decorative union knot with a bulb downwards; close to the break remains of more ribbons, a part of which, particularly under the union knot, probably is supposed to represent an animal’s head facing left (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 102). \n\nOn face B, the framing border indicates the beginning of the narrowing of the picture stone’s neck in the right corner. In the picture field, there is a clumsily drawn horseman, who holds the rein of his horse in one hand, and in front of the horse’s legs, there is a figure holding a drinking horn (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 102). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sune Lindqvist interpreted the reclining figure on face B as a woman and further suggested that this woman is depicted as if standing on the border and consequently was given her longitudinal, ‘upright’ position in the horizontal direction (Lindqvist 1941/42, p. 102). \n\nThe scene can be understood as a Welcome scene, where a fallen warrior is greeted in Valhalla (Ney 2012, p. 81 Table 1; for more about the Welcome scene, see, e.g., GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I and GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII). An armed rider greeted by a woman with a drinking horn can be seen on, e.g., GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I. The motif with a rider seems to hark back to classical models, but we may assume that the motif acquired a new meaning in Scandinavia (Oehrl 2020, p. 128). In Old Norse literature, the scene shows the reception of a fallen warrior into Valhalla, where a valkyrie gives the arriving person a welcome drink at the gate to the warrior paradise. This interpretation is largely based on Eiríksmál, describing the festive reception of the fallen king into Odon’s Valhalla. Another important literary source for the interpretation of the welcoming scene on picture stones is the Atlakviða, where it is indirectly indicated that it is a valkyrie who greets the dead ones (Oehrl 2020, pp. 132–134). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141",
"value_resource_id": 2141,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2141",
"display_title": "GP0094",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf stone. Snædal includes the stone in her Ardre group. The Ardre stones are dated by her to the beginning of the 11th century, but she indicates that the stones that relate to the motifs on the traditional picture stones to a higher degree might belong to the first half of the 11th century (Snædal 2002, p. 94). David Wilson indicated that this stone is the first representative of the Ringerike style (on Gotland?) (Wilson 1995, p. 80). The ornament and the slender shape of animal head on face A indicate a dating to the second half of the 11th century. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "§A …- stan ' yftir ' sun · sa ' saimaþi ' siour … §B …ra ' ub ' uisi ' kial ' þ--- uf · (t)au… … \n\nOld West Norse\n§A … stein eptir son, sá(?) … … … §B … … … … … … … dau[ðr](?) \n\nRunic Swedish\n§A … stæin æftiʀ sun, sa(?) … … … §B … … … … … … … dau[ðr](?) \n\nEnglish\n§A … the stone in memory of (his) son, he(?) … §B … died(?) \n\nSwedish\n§A … stenen efter (sin) son … §B … död(?) … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Elias Wessén suggests that the runic inscription was carved by a man who only poorly could master the art of writing. The carver succeeded with the three common words ‘stone after son’, but he was unable to write the remainder correctly. Wessén indicates that only by making allowance for several errors might it be possible to arrive at an interpretation ‘X had the stone erected after his son. He died in the east’ (GR I, p. 143). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42, Fig. 174, 175, 463, 464; GR I, G 92; Snædal 2002, pp. 67, 71; Källström 2022, p. 19. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1975:1805"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När 49:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När, Bosarve"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1874"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4809",
"value_resource_id": 4809,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4809",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0278",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "199"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 92"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6351246"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "718422"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAsUKM2uhVnQ61UaRufYZnhAftFPmVPZqpKzuuafvJi_ak?e=5xmUNn"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2328",
"o:title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2070",
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2177",
"o:title": "GP 131 Hablingbo kyrka (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0278"
}
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},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 216,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"o:id": 2324
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.25199950522573,
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"o:id": 2325,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:media": [
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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{
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"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/ab154243-9f3d-480f-a45f-f6c02ce6c6d8",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In Kluckar Håigarden in Mickelgårds. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Mickelgårds"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfanns vi plöjning på Kluckar håigarden på en alns djup."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was found in the autumn 1911 while plowing in Kluckar Håigarden on the farm Mickelgårds, at a depth of one ell. In 1913, it was sent as a gift to SHM by lector Masse Klintberg. (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103; GR I, p. 145). In a letter to Gabriel Hildebrand dated Visby 14 Ocotber 1912, Klintberg tells that Olof Sörling has made rubbing [Sw. avklappning] and that Klintberg himself has photographed it, but he thinks that it will be difficult to read the runes in the photo (Lindqvist’s working material, ATA). \n\nIn total, eight picture stones have been found in this parish, GP 276-283, including two more E-stones with runic inscriptions: GP 278 När Bosarve (G 92) and GP 282 När Hallute (G 93). All stones from När parish are of small size. In the near vicinity, a silver hoard has been found (L1976:6618). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"value_resource_id": 2328,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2328",
"display_title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2329",
"value_resource_id": 2329,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2329",
"display_title": "GP 283 När Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0283.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone. The height is 0.62 m, the height of the carving is 0.41 m. The largest width is 0.53 m, the width between the corners of the head is 0.43 m. Thickness 0.11 m. (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 103f.; GR I, p. 145). \n\nThe obverse is naturally smooth, the narrow sides are hewn flat at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse is rough and unworked. The stone is decorated with carved lines that are 2 mm wide and about as deep and have narrow bases. (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 103f.). The carving is partly damaged, as layers have been partially flaked off the stone surface. \n\nThe stone was 3D-scanned in 2007 within a research project at Stockholm University (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2013). The 3D-data was further analysed in a study comparing the carving techniques on Gotland and the Swedish mainland respectively (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2019). \n\nAccording to Gotlands runinskrifter, about 7 runes are missing and only visible as some remains of verticals (GR I, p. 145). Thorgunn Snædal examined the stone in 2000, and reports that she has seen the verticals of seven runes, but since they are well preserved except in the tops, she finds it likely that there never were any branches (Snædal 2002, p. 71 note 70). An examination of the 3D-data confirms that there are no carved branches on the last runes, at least not on the last four runes. However, these might have been painted, as we know of other runestones with parts that should have been carved have been painted only. In the left loop of the union knot, a carving mistake can be seen: the lines of the band crosses the lines of the knot. It is possible that this stone was not finished, but that the relief carving was given up due to the flaking of the surface. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "62"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "53"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is decorated with an edge following band ending in spiral ornaments in the middle of the stone, where the ends are tied together by a union knot, crested by a pointed leaf upwards and a bulb downwards. A runic inscription in the band follows the edge of the head of the stone. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is carved on one side only. The runic dragon or serpent with a tail and offshoots ending in spirals and tied by a palmette knot is a common motif on runestones, usually interpreted as a Christian motif where the evil powers are bound by the tree of life, symbolizing Christ (see GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII). On this stone, though, there is no animal head and the ornament seems to be purely vegetative. \n\nThe small size of the stone is echoed in two other runic picture stones found only about a kilometre away, i.e. the above mentioned GP 278 När Bosarve (G 92) and GP 282 När Hallute (G 93). Our stone from Mickelgårds differ from those in having contour lines only and no pictures except the vegetative spiral ornament. Cecilia Ljung has discussed the small runic picture stones of type E in relation to early Christian grave monuments on Öland. They have in common their small size, dressed shape, and that the ornament often is carved in relief. It is reasonable to believe that the Gotland stones had the same function as grave monuments as the Öland stones, but as Ljung observes, not all on Gotland have been found on churchyards (Ljung 2016 I, p. 165f.). This is true for our stone, which was found in a field more than a kilometre from the church in När. \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2067",
"value_resource_id": 2067,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2067",
"display_title": "GP 20 Ardre kyrka VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d1d30f6ed5ad74a98fb3fa5229b9235f270004e5.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0020O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"value_resource_id": 2328,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2328",
"display_title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf stone. The stone has no runic animal that can be classified, but the ornament indicates a style Pr3, thus a date between 1045-1075 is likely (Gräslund 2006, p. 126). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sailafr : lit : kuml : yf------- \n\nOld West Norse\nSælafr lét kuml(?) … \n\nRunic Swedish \nSælafʀ let kumbl(?) … \n\nEnglish \nSælafr had the monument … \n\nSwedish\nSailaiv lät (göra) minnesmärket efter … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone has a memorial inscription. Snædal includes the stone in her group of runestones shaped like picture stones with Middle Scandinavian ornament (Snædal 2002, p. 67). Still, in a note she expresses some doubt as to the authenticity of this carving (Snædal 2002, p. 71 note 70). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42, pp. 103 f., Fig. 150, 465; GR I, G 94; Snædal 2002, pp. 67, 71. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:5421"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När 133:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När, Mickelgårds"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4810",
"value_resource_id": 4810,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4810",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0279",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0279_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "201"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15050:2"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 94"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6351193"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "720169"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgACJBZMxwzMSoDBAWglSCA9AVcGn8OLCiUXGf_rchttEto?e=14NHO5"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2328",
"o:title": "GP 282 När Hallute"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2070",
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2260",
"o:title": "GP 214 Kräklingbo Smiss II"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4810",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0279"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/217",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 217,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2325",
"o:id": 2325
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.250687424644084,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.64990169376415,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2327,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:15:16+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4295",
"o:id": 4295
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4295",
"o:id": 4295
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 281 När Smiss 3"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0281"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/51c45bb6-d151-420a-a1d2-eed5f53764aa",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Smiss"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen i V delen av gravfältet fornl nr 6. stenen nu i Gotl. Fornral."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Found on the cemetery in Smiss, När parish. HS"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stele is mainly intact, the only damage is a small piece that is broken off at the upper left corner. It becomes wider at the bottom, which is uncommon for A-stones. A root might be preserved but is not visible in the current display at Gotlands Museum. HS"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "80"
}
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "63"
}
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "12"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondaryYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 320,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Arrhenius & Holmqvist 1960, 185–189 fig. 7; Arwidsson 1963; Guber 2011, no. 60; Hermodsson 2000; Lindqvist 1955, 42–48 fig. 3; Nylén/Lamm 2003, 40 f. pl. 2a; Oehrl 2019a, pl. 2a\n"
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:5521"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "När 136:1"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC10261"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4812",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4812",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0281",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "205"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (40%)"
}
],
"ai2:preservationImage": [
{
"type": "customvocab:9",
"property_id": 323,
"property_label": "Preservation of image surface",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Well-preserved"
}
],
"ai2:preservationStone": [
{
"type": "customvocab:8",
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"property_label": "Preservation of the Stone",
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"@value": "Intact"
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"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350600"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
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"@value": "720639"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6393355"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "696536"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA8fyi8V4DjQK9oeN061kTNAZTbxClGOKqAiDTqpQpdNFk?e=NQGSbM"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2329",
"o:title": "GP 283 När Smiss II"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2294",
"o:title": "GP 248 Lärbro Källstäde"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2336",
"o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2451",
"o:title": "GP 406 Stenkyrka kyrka 17"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4812",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0281"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/219",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 219,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"o:id": 2327
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.245144990544645,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.657147961289184,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
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},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"@type": [
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],
"o:id": 2328,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 282 När Hallute",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"medium": null,
"square": null
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-11T11:02:19+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 282 När Hallute"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0282"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/846dcaa9-287f-4475-acef-1d53244003c0",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hallute, the find spot is unknown. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Hallute"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Okänd - bara att det kommer från Hallute. Osäkert var Sweref plats på Fornsök kom ifrån. Report från 1978 x: 6351.71, y: 1670.26"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM?"
}
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment was donated to SHM in 1921 by Lektor M. Klintberg (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103). This is also recorded in an inventory card in ATA, together with the inventory number. The exact find spot is unknown. There is a mark in Fornsök, but it is uncertain how it came to be (Fornsök L1975:1806). The stone has an inventory number in SHM, but it cannot be localised. There are photos by Harald Faith-Ell in 1933, but it is doubtful whether Elias Wessén saw the fragment himself when Gotlands runinskrifter I was compiled. \n\nIn the vicinity, other runic picture stones have been found: GP 278 När Bosarve (G 92) and GP 279 När Mickelgårds (G 94). In addition, there is a runestone fragment of uncertain type and date (G 96), however, Wessén’s interpretation of the fragmented inscription suggests a late date – possibly medieval – for this stone. \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2324",
"value_resource_id": 2324,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2324",
"display_title": "GP 278 När Bosarve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ec47f95356db57fbe701e67d54a1a3ab1072def4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0278.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2325",
"value_resource_id": 2325,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2325",
"display_title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bb97537ea594f40c4b68f4cef2f061c3c179e03f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0279.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone slab, 8–9 cm thick. Height 0.6 m, width 0.5 m. Fragment belonging to the head of a small picture stone. Both broad sides are hewn flat and polished. Of the narrow sides, parts of both short sides survive. These remains demonstrate that the narrow side was treated in the same manner as the broad sides and that it is at right angles to them. The fragment has carvings on three faces. The fragment is decorated on both broad sides with deep lines with acute-angled cross section and with the background field-chiselled down to about the same depth as the bases of the limiting lines, namely about 4 mm deep. The background field is hewn flat and polished. In the runic inscription occur conical holes with mouths of up to 8 mm width (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "60"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "50"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There are runes on the surviving sections of the framing border of both broad sides and on the narrow side. The field of one of the broad sides shows, at the very top, the lower portion of a horse with a rider; below that is an animal’s head in runestone style and the ends of two ribbons with curled tips on the right; the one reaching up furthest has a terminal disc of about 3-cm diameter (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103). The head of the runic animal can be classified as Pr4 in Gräslund’s style chronological system (Gräslund 2006). \n\nThe other broad side features, on the very left, a Klotzstuhl (Sw. kubbstol) and the lower part of a man sitting on it. In front of the man’s knees is a small piece of a board/slab with a rectangular corner – possibly a tabletop that, due to naïve image construction, seems to be standing vertically – resting on some kind of support – (one of the table legs?) – with concave sides. Below this, there probably are the thumb and the two neighbouring fingers of the hand of an outstretched arm as well as the tip of a ribbon with a 2.5-cm-wide terminal disc (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103). The details of the horse’s tail, the animal’s head, the chair, and the clothing of the man in the chair as well as of the table and the hand are defined by lines only 1-mm deep (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 103). The chair has a carved inner contour line and further thin lines on the inside, perhaps indicating that the chair is ornamented. The clothes of the person in the chair are adorned with thin carved lines as well; it seems to be a man with baggy trousers. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The round chair built of a tree trunk (Sw. kubbstol) is a type of furniture well known from ethnographical collections, but also from prehistory (Salin 1916, p. 78; Lindqvist/de Geer 1939). Similar chairs can be seen on the picture stones GP 341 Sanda kyrka I (G 181), GP 3 Alskog kyrka and GP 61 Buttle Änge. Lindqvist compared the chairs on the picture stones to a chair from Sauland in Norway, which he suggested might be a piece of Viking age furniture; however, it was dendrochronologically dated to late middle age (Lindqvist/de Geer 1939, p. 106, p. 122, p. 130). What makes the chair special in this context is that this particular sort of chair appears as miniatures in the Viking age, together with other miniature objects, such as swords, sickles and staves. In an article about miniatures, Birgit Arrhenius mentions Viking age miniature chairs made of silver, bronze and amber, found in graves, hoards and as loose finds. Up to the writing of Arrhenius, the miniature chairs with round shape in burial context were known from female graves only, for example from Birka and Ihre on Gotland (Arrhenius 1961, pp. 149–150). We may infer by their use as amulets or jewellery that such chairs carry some significant meaning. Consequently, Arrhenius suggests that they are symbolic thrones for worldly or spiritual power (Arrhenius 1961, p. 156). On GP 341 Sanda kyrka I and GP 3 Alskog kyrka, the two first-mentioned stones, women sit on the chairs and the scene is combined with short processions of three people carrying some kind of tools (see also GP 203 Hemse Annexhemman I). Arrhenius’ interpretation of the scene on Sanda I is that the men bring forth symbols of fertility and power to a god, who is sitting opposite the woman (Arrhenius 1961, pp. 152–154; Böttger-Niedenzu 1982, pp. 75–76). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386",
"value_resource_id": 2386,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2386",
"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050",
"value_resource_id": 2050,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2050",
"display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2108",
"value_resource_id": 2108,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2108",
"display_title": "GP0061",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dcc4b9f1af136a75da2087a6456765c950e240.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0061.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2249",
"value_resource_id": 2249,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2249",
"display_title": "GP0203",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/eb99ca6074302ec4d219b581b50f81c37014df65.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0203.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E. Pr4, c. 1070–1100 AD (Gräslund 2006, p. 126). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Runes occur on all three sides. \n\n§A … : (k)… …ak : to… §B …iʀ a(n)uiþ… §C … : roþ : (b)… §D …--… \n\n§A … §B … §C … §D … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1975:1806"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När 50:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När, Hallute"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4813",
"value_resource_id": 4813,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4813",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0282"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "200"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "16724"
}
],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 93"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nHallute, den exakta fyndplatsen är okänd. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nSHM?\n\nDatering \nSen vikingatid, ca 1070-1100 e.Kr. \n\nBeskrivning \nBildstensfragment med ristningar på tre sidor. På den ena bredsidan sidan finns nedre delen av en ryttarfigur och ett rundjurshuvud. På den andra bredsidan ser man en person sitta på en kubbstol och runstensornamentik. På alla tre sidorna finns runor, men det går inte att få något sammanhang i den skadade inskriften. \n\nTolkning \nFragmentet tycks vara en bildsten med runinskrift i litet format, möjligen en kiststen. Kubbstolen förekommer även på bildstenarna GP 341 Sanda kyrka I and GP 3 Alskog K, och den förekommer också i form av miniatyrer som smycken eller amuletter, varför den skulle kunna tolkas som en symbolisk tron. Det finns även talrika etnografiska exempel på kubbstolar. \n\nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6352105"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "718732"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2069",
"o:title": "GP 22 Ardre kyrka III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2070",
"o:title": "GP 23 Ardre kyrka IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2160",
"o:title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2386",
"o:title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4813",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0282"
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},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/220",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 220,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2328",
"o:id": 2328
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.25955251551767,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.626938202519796,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2329",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2329,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 283 När Smiss II",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/39ad331b92a6baf46d7994b7671fb61c18bad312.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-17T10:47:48+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4297",
"o:id": 4297
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4297",
"o:id": 4297
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 283 När Smiss II"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0283"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/66e3c1f6-a43e-40ea-94ac-bd5ecacc8732",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The grave field at Smiss gård, which is part of the large cemetery of Rikvide/Rikviderör in När parish (RAÄ När 6:1). "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När Smiss"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfanns vid en plundrad grav."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment originates from the grave field south of Smiss gård, which represents the small western part of the large burial ground south of Rikvide farm in När parish (RAÄ När 6:1; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, pp. 551–552). It was collected by H. Alm in 1923 in an area close to a group of looted graves, together with a bronze and a silver penannular brooch and a miniature scythe (ibid. pp. 552–553). Ultimately, it is not clear whether the fragment was found west of the road, on the small part of the burial ground belonging to Smiss gård or in the area east of the road, which is ʻRikviderörʼ, belonging to Rikvide gård (ibid. pp. 553). \n\nThe entire grave field covers an area of circa 475 x 170 m (NE–SW), including properties of Rikvide, Rikviderör, Smiss and Hallbjärs, and features about 800 circular stone settings, only a few of which have been excavated and could be dated to the Vendel and Viking Periods (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 625; IV:2, pp. 550–554). Including those graves, which have been destroyed, the total number could be more than 1000. Only very small parts of the cemetery have been investigated; however, some loose finds have been collected in the course of the decades. There are also two gravklot (large spherical stones) and more picture stones (GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, and GP 281 När Smiss 3) originating from the grave field. GP 280 När Smiss I was found near the farmstead of Smiss, not far from the grave field, next to a group of robbed grave mounds. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The very small fragment of the head of a picture stone is described by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 105) in the following way: “Limestone slab. Only a 12 cm wide ‘splinter’ of not quite 3 cm thickness of the obverse has survived, which probably was naturally even, and of an adjacent portion of the narrow side hewn at an obtuse angle to the obverse. A chamfer between obverse and narrow side cannot be detected.” There is no picture of the stone in Lindqvist’s book. An early photograph, however, is available in the catalogue of Statens Historiska Museum. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "12"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "3"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Of the decoration, which is carved with relatively wide grooves, only a piece of the framing border with a simple geometric step pattern survived. Furthermore, according to Lindqvist, there is a section of an arc discernible in the remaining part of the image field (1941/42 II, p. 105). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 38), the tiny fragment originates from a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The discernable remains of a step pattern appear to represent the typical geometricized twisted cord pattern, which is indeed characteristic for Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ B. Since the piece is so small, the original shape of the head cannot be determined. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 105. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:5424"
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],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När 135:2"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "När, Smiss II"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4814",
"value_resource_id": 4814,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4814",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0283",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0283_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "204"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "17432:4"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats\nBildstenen påträffades 1923 bland plundrade gravar på det stora gravfältet ”Rikviderör”, mellan Rikvide och Smiss. Förmodligen påträffades stenen på den del av gravfältet som tillhör gården Smiss.\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba\n\nBeskrivning\nLitet fragment av en dvärgsten (period B), 12 cm bred. Spår av kantdekor.\n\nDatering\nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nIngen tolkning.\n\nAA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350973"
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],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "720695"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "675775"
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"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2324",
"o:title": "GP 278 När Bosarve"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2325",
"o:title": "GP 279 När Mickelgårds"
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],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4814",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0283"
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"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/221",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 221,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2329",
"o:id": 2329
},
"o:media": null,
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"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.658405704541337,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
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},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2336",
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"o:id": 2336,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/eb500493d9c3693319ffadf3159cd993c6ad1759.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:14+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@value": "2026-04-23T11:25:01+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4303",
"o:id": 4303
},
"o:media": [
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"o:id": 4303
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The fragment was found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number. "
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The fragment consists of two matching pieces, representing the lower right corner of a small picture stone, preserving the right-hand edge as well as a part of the root. It has roughly the shape of an upright rectangle, with the upper third broken off. Pieced together, the 5 cm thick limestone slab is 38 cm high and 19 cm wide. The bas-relief decoration is well-preserved; there are no traces of serious weathering. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
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"@value": "Bildsten"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats\nOkänd\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt.\n\nBeskrivning\nFragment av dvärgsten (period B), bevarad höjd 38 cm och bredd 19 cm. Spår av ett skepp, troligen med segel och en besättningsman.\n\nDatering\nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nVälkomstmotivet kan representera en valkyria som mottar en död man i Valhall.\n\nAA"
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"@value": "ship"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "man"
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB7kkx3ou2jSb8bXgItwdGiAZeD9UJ5jRHp5PtSJKnsHFU?e=gkHVT1"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The fragment represents most of the head of a small picture stone with slightly convex upper edge, including its left protruding corner. The limestone slab is 37 wide, 22 high, and 4 thick. The carvings are quite deep and well-preserved, no traces of weathering. The preserved upper edge is damaged, a small piece broken off. "
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"@value": "37"
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"@value": "24"
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"@value": "5,5"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The stone is decorated on both sides. It is framed by a border with a geometrical pattern, namely a more sophisticated and elaborate version of the geometricized twisted cord pattern that is typical for middle-type picture stones. The remaining part of the upper image field preserves about the left half of a simple ship with towering stems that sharply bend inwards, a simple linear mast, and a small square sail. A small triangle or spike rising from the gunwale appears to represent a crewmember. "
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],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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],
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2262",
"value_resource_id": 2262,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2262",
"display_title": "GP 216 Kräklingbo Smiss I",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Guber 2011, p. 159 cat. no. 100. "
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFC11045"
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4822",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0291",
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"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "367"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "ship"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
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],
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"@value": "6390259"
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],
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgACubTOtZMVQJT4_tSSyuYFAQgZvvG4MTlLHtBGaLKgAq4?e=rvlyaj"
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"@value": "GFC11052 I 4 DELAR, NEDERDELEN SAKNAS. 700-TALSFORM. ZIG-ZAG BAND LÄNGS KANTEN. I MITTFÄLTET 3 VERTIKALT SLINGRANDE \"DJUR\", DET MELLERSTA STÖRRE. 1) 40 x 58, TJ. 6 CM. 2 ) 25x 47, TJ. 9 CM. 3) 23 x 15, tj. 8 cm. 4) 12 X 21, TJ. 4 CM. PÅTRÄFFAD I SAML. UTAN NR."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragments were found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The slab represents the almost complete upper part of a small picture stone with its base and root broken off. The surviving limestone slab is broken into four matching pieces, which have the following sizes: 1) 40 x 58 cm, 6 cm thick; 2) 25 x 47 cm, 9 cm thick; 3) 23 x 15 cm, 8cm thick 4) 12 x 21 cm, 4 cm thick. The surface is weathered and, in particular, the decoration in the left half of the image field hard to discern. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "42"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "58"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is framed by an edge border that features a simple zigzag-pattern. The main motif in the image field is hard to describe but appears to represent a kind of vertical interlace, forming two loops which lie on top of each other. This central element is flanked by a pair of wriggling snakes. Presumably, the image represents the same motif as depicted on GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I – a large, central Style II serpent forming a figure of eight that is flanked by two smaller, more naturalistic wriggling snakes. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The image of GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I is interpreted by Karl Hauck as the supreme god Oðinn in shape of a serpent, accompanied by a pair of snakes (1983a, p. 556). Two more Type B picture stones bear obscure serpent-like ribbon patterns comparable to the image on the stone from Unknown Find Spot – GP 156 Halla Broa XI and GP 335 Rute Ala (see IX). Further depictions of serpents can be seen on GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX, and GP 281 När Smiss 3. See the relevant articles for possible interpretations of serpent motifs. For the interpretation of serpents combined with deer motifs, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2202",
"value_resource_id": 2202,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2202",
"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
"value_resource_id": 2380,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2380",
"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbaa7b84971f0b4a0c79edaf56b17d7a0b401af9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0335.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413",
"value_resource_id": 2413,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2413",
"display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. \n\nSimilar serpent-like interlace patterns comparable to the image on the stone from Unknown Find Spot can be observed on GP 335 Rute Ala and GP 156 Halla Broa XI (see VII). Due to their similar shape and strange convoluted ribbon pattern or serpent motif, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37–38) assigns them to his Alagruppe, named after Rute Ala. According to Larsen (2009, pp. 32, 35–36), who investigated the stones by 3D scanning, the serpent-like ornaments on both stones are typical for the 7th century animal style. In his opinion, they originate from one and the same stone carver. In Lindqvistʼs time, these two monuments were the only known picture stones decorated in this way. A third specimen, however, is represented by the recent find from Unknown Find Spot. Furthermore, there is good reason to assume that GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I belongs to this group as well, indicating that the interlace pattern on those stones actually represents a serpent. \n\nThe zigzag pattern (see VI) is not very common among the Type B monuments. Most comparable are the horizontal borders of GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu and GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
"value_resource_id": 2380,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2380",
"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbaa7b84971f0b4a0c79edaf56b17d7a0b401af9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0335.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2202",
"value_resource_id": 2202,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2202",
"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413",
"value_resource_id": 2413,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2413",
"display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Guber 2011, pp. 70, 160 cat. no. 102; Oehrl/Fergusson in print, fig. 25. "
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC11052"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4828",
"value_resource_id": 4828,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4828",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0297",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0297_BOTTOM_DEPTH.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "374"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats\nOkänd\n\nNuvarande lokalisering\nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt.\n\nBeskrivning\nÖvre delen av en dvärgsten, bruten i fyra delar (period B), med kantdekor och i bildfältet två lopar omgivna på ömse sidor av en orm.\n\nDatering\nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen.\n\nTolkning\nIngen tolkning.\n\nAA"
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "serpent"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "interlace"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDcb-TKFM7FQ6rGVUZrh7LXAcPZlIuJPMTv0IK_z4SZVCU?e=JIJml5"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4828",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0297"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2348",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2348,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 302 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/456cfad8dd784736b7fd9283bc0b856aeb8a9f10.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/456cfad8dd784736b7fd9283bc0b856aeb8a9f10.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/456cfad8dd784736b7fd9283bc0b856aeb8a9f10.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:15+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:33:36+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4311",
"o:id": 4311
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4311",
"o:id": 4311
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 302 Unknown Find Spot"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0302"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment was found in storage at Gotlands Museum without bearing an inventory number or further information. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone represents approximately the upper half of a small picture stone of the early type. The root is missing, at the base the slab is broken off diagonally. The preserved height is 88 cm, the width of the picture stone 67 cm. The preserved part is largely undamaged. The stone surface is essentially flat but roughly textured, obviously unworked, and quite unsightly. The lateral edges of the stone are straight, the upper edge only slightly concave. Accordingly, the upper corners are only slightly protruding and hardly accentuated. The narrow sides are hewn straight at right angles to the obverse, and no chamfer is visible. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "88"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "72"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A double line runs along the edges, forming a simple border that frames the entire surface. Within this surface, however, no decoration can be detected. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone belongs to Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” A, so it dates to the period between AD 400 and 600. Above ground, the stone was probably around 100 cm high, which is why it can be described as a dwarf stone. It appears to be related to the group of rectangular or nearly rectangular type A dwarf stones (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 31). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
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"type": "literal",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "39"
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"@value": "33"
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"@value": "9"
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"ai2:material": [
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A carved double line runs along the preserved lateral and upper edges. In the upper area of the fragment, directly under the upper border, i.e., in the left spandrel of the picture stone, there are clear traces of a pictorial representation, which, however, can hardly be interpreted. It is a complex of incised lines, shallowly chiselled areas and slightly raised fields. Particularly clearly visible are two triangular fields, an elongated area that merges into a rounded shape and therefore appears anthropomorphic, and rudimentary pointed oval, leaf-shaped elements. It is considered that these structures represent parts of a rosette motif as on GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1, or a human figure, perhaps even a rider, who is winged or wearing a cloak or shield. "
},
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"value_resource_id": 2572,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2572",
"display_title": "GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a07c7ed93d9acb550c9e53b61dff279efd6587da.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0527.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"property_label": "References",
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFC11036"
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "circle"
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "human figure"
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "triangle"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"o:title": "GP 326 Unknown Find Spot",
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"o:id": 2
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 326 Unknown Find Spot"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
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"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0326"
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"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@value": "Unknown"
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stele mainly intact but root or lower part broken off. Surface much eroded and weathered. Very sandy limestone. HS"
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"@value": "51"
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"@value": "42"
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"@value": "9"
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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"type": "customvocab:5",
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unpublished"
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4857",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0326_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBhGCQyfoFDQ7z-vjlxTNz_AQf-x2bSEBzm6efnRYnMn2Y?e=uQXIBe"
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"@value": "The three fragments of a small picture stones were found while digging a trench just outside the ruins. They were brought to Statens Historiska Museum in 1912 by E. Eckhoff (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 106). "
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 6 cm thick. Both broad sides are quite even and presumably hewn, at least partly. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the broad sides, and there are chamfers of almost 1 cm width towards both sides. The stone’s height above the (mainly lost) root is 42 cm. The width at the base is 21 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 106). The stone, whose root is missing, consists of three matching pieces – the left (when looking at the better-preserved face A) half of the head, and two halves of the stone’s body. The surface of face B is weathered and partly damaged. "
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"@value": "The relief-like carvings are very easily discernable, wherefore Lindqvist did not paint them (1941/42 II, figs. 473–474; cf. ATA 1718:69–70 [H. Faith-Ell 1933]). A drawing by Olof Sörling is kept in ATA as well (2440:30). “The decoration is executed in up to 3 mm wide and 2 mm deep lines with rather sharp bases. [Face A] features a framing border with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern. Half-way up the body, the field is divided into two parts by a horizontal border, also with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern. The lower field appears to be undecorated, while the upper one is adorned with the image of a watercraft, which, judging from its surviving half, did not have a mast and sail, but sharply towering stems that high above the keel sharply bend inwards. [Face B] has a framing border of three or four parallel lines. Half-way up the stone, the field is divided into two halves by two or possibly three parallel lines, but there are no traces of imagery” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 106). "
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Roma klosterruin to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The best parallel to Roma klosterruin, regarding shape and decoration, is GP 142 Halla Broa VII. The twisted cord pattern on the Roma stone is raised, executed as a kind of bas-relief, similar to GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens. \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, p. 58, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Roma klosterruin to his group 1 (rigglösa skepp), which he dates to the period between the 5th and the 6th century. "
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 66; II, p. 106, figs. 473–474; Varenius 1992, p. 58 Guber 2011, p. 140 cat. no. 61. "
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nTre fragment av en bildsten påträffades vid grävning av ett schakt utanför klosterruinen i Roma. Fragmenten fördes till Statens Historiska Museum 1912. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTre fragment av en mindre bildsten (period B), bevarad höjd 42 cm och största bredd 21 cm. Bildstenen omfattar två bildfält, det övre ett skepp utan mast eller segel, det nedre utan bild. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "boat"
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"@value": "6581391"
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"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
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"@value": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
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"@value": "GP0335"
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
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"@value": "A meadow (‘Fardume äng’) belonging to the village Ala in Rute parish. "
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],
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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"@value": "Återfunnen vid uppodling av \"Fardume äng\" på en fots djup."
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "There is not much information available about the find circumstances, Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 107) summarises: “This picture stone was found in 1900 by the farmer J. Österdahl while cultivating one of his meadows that due to its location close by the farm Fardume was called ‘Fardume äng’ (Fardume meadow). In this meadow there were several stone mounds and the remains of an old pathway. The picture stone lay one foot below ground and was undamaged on discovery.” "
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 8 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse and in places feature a clearly discernible, just under 1 cm wide chamfer in between. The reverse is rough and unworked. The total height is 93 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the base. The width between the upper corners is 50 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 107). The small monument is almost completely preserved but broken into an upper and a lower half. Approximately at half-height of the slab, a small part of the left edge is broken off and missing. The decorated surface is worn or weathered. "
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],
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"@value": "93"
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"@value": "50"
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "8"
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"ai2:material": [
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist’s description is very brief and insufficient (1941/42 II, p. 107): “Decorated with about 2–3 mm wide lines that at least today are rather shallow. The approximately 8 cm wide framing border is filled with a rich band pattern, as is the central part of the field.” As a matter of fact, in the only picture of the stone provided by Lindqvist, a photo of the unpainted carvings (ibid. I, fig. 39, cf. ATA 1718:62 [H. Faith-Ell 1933]), nothing more than the frame of the border can be identified with certainty while its decoration as well as the motif in the image field remain very unclear. Elsewhere (ibid. I, p. 37), the latter is enigmatically described as “stark verwirrte Schlingflechtung” (ʻstrongly convoluted loop interlacingʼ). \n\nHowever, an unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling kept in ATA considers more details (Run- och bildstenssamling 2440:18) – the remains of the border decoration look geometric (cf. Rundkvist 2012, p. 160), reminiscent of the typical simplified twisted cord pattern which occurs regularly on Type B monuments, or a more realistic variant similar to the interlace borders on stones like GP 83 Fole kyrka, GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, and GP 74 Endre skog. The main motif in the image field could be described, according to Sörling’s drawing, as a vertical interlace consisting of two slim ribbons, forming a row of loops, almost chain-like, and which indeed is reminiscent of a serpent (or a pair of serpents respectively). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2130",
"value_resource_id": 2130,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2130",
"display_title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d09b2e815314b8f91679309a70e47bf23f150cdc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0083.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Two more Type B picture stones bear obscure serpent-like ribbon patterns comparable to Rute Ala – GP 156 Halla Broa XI and GP 297 Unknown find spot (see IX). Unambiguous depictions of serpents can be seen on GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX, and GP 281 När Smiss 3. See the relevant articles for possible interpretations of serpent motifs. For the interpretation of serpents combined with deer motifs, see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2202",
"value_resource_id": 2202,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2202",
"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2343",
"value_resource_id": 2343,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2343",
"display_title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ba1da91deaf21405140757f36d6eadc06c4164fc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0297.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2413",
"value_resource_id": 2413,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2413",
"display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bce5afd795c28ca83312f500b73a82b4a063d64.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0368.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2327",
"value_resource_id": 2327,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2327",
"display_title": "GP 281 När Smiss 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f4fc9d6b1b4a8a3349e76bc462a8ff85a1d3e2b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0281.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. According to Larsen (2009, pp. 32, 35–36), who investigated the stone by 3D scanning, the serpent-like ornaments on Rute Ala and GP 156 Halla Broa XI are typical for the 7th century animal style. Due to their similar shape and strange convoluted ribbon pattern or serpent motif, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37–38) assigns both stones to his Alagruppe, named after Rute Ala. In Larsen’s opinion (2009, p. 36), they originate from one and the same stone carver. At Lindqvistʼs time, these two monuments were the only known picture stones decorated in this way. A third specimen, however, is represented by the recent find GP 297 Unknown Find Spot. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2202",
"value_resource_id": 2202,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2202",
"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2343",
"value_resource_id": 2343,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2343",
"display_title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ba1da91deaf21405140757f36d6eadc06c4164fc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0297.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 39; II, p. 107; Larsen 2009, p. 35–6, fig 34; Guber 2011, p. 140 cat. no. 62; Oehrl 2019a, p. 11, pl. 2e. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Rute, Ala"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4866",
"value_resource_id": 4866,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4866",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0335",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0335_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "210"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "14749"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1900 vid uppodling av Fardume äng tillhörande gården Ala. I ängen fanns flera stenrösen och rester av en gammal väg. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad mindre bildsten (period B), 93 cm hög och som bredast 60 cm. Kantdekor bevarad liksom ett bildfält med en kedjelik rad av öglor, kanske en orm eller två ormar. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "interlace"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "serpent"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBdZbFsiwVMTIcrWDCwGyALAQ7ccWTq2KNdaXTP5iAmTxs?e=5m2xDz"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2131",
"o:title": "GP 84 Fole St. Tollby"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2153",
"o:title": "GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159",
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4866",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0335"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2381",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2381,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 336 Rute Fardume",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/754e1f6265d425e62c1c7f9061b54bb8a17236fd.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/754e1f6265d425e62c1c7f9061b54bb8a17236fd.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/754e1f6265d425e62c1c7f9061b54bb8a17236fd.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:15+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:59:27+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3957",
"o:id": 3957
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3957",
"o:id": 3957
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 336 Rute Fardume"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0336"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The front yard of ʻFardume gårdʼ in Rute parish."
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Farmstead"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Rute"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Rute Fardume"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen på den öppna platsen framför gården Fardume."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the upper part, i.e., the head and parts of the neck, of a small picture stone “[…] that was found in the spring of 1927 by Ture Carlsson in the front yard of Fardume farm. Later, the stone was brought to the neighbouring medieval ruin, where it was broken up into several small pieces that in 1933 were taken to the museum GF and, as far as possible, reassembled” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 107). The place where the stone had been kept and destroyed seems to be ʻFardume slottʼ, a medieval farmstead with the ruin of a fortified tower (kastal) called ʻMynttornetʼ and a stone house (RAÄ Rute 4:1–2). The complex dates to AD 1200 at the latest. Whether there is an original relationship between the stone and the medieval farm, however, remains speculative. The first photo of the stone by Ture Carlsson in 1927 was, according to its caption, taken 100 m south of the medieval building (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling, dnr 1853/27). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 107), in whose time the stone had already been destroyed and tentatively reassembled (ibid. fig. 475), describes it as follows: “Limestone slab, 9 cm thick. The obverse is even […], the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, with hardly a chamfer in between. The reverse is rough and unworked, but rather even. The width between the upper corners is about 55 cm”. According to Ture Carlsson’s photo, the original fragment preserved almost the entire semi-circular head of a small picture stone, including its left corner and insignificant parts of its neck. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "75"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "58"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Decorated with 2 mm wide lines with rounded bases that form a framing border with its double outside line and simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern as well as a now indistinct figure in the panel” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 107). Lindqvist’s photo of the painted stone (ibid. fig. 475) depicts only a small part of the border and only a bit of the sunken background and a tiny piece of a raised area in the image field. Ture Carlsson’s photo from 1927, however, on which the carvings had been traced with white chalk, the border can be seen running along the entire convex edge of the stone, as well as two facing S-shaped elements in the head field. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size and the remaining border decoration of the fragment indicate a middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The head of the ʻdwarf stoneʼ is almost semi-circular, and its left corner is partly preserved. The corners had protruded rather downwards than horizontally, as can be seen from Ture Carlsson’s photo from 1927. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 107, fig. 475. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Rute, Fardume"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC9200"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4867",
"value_resource_id": 4867,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4867",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0336",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0336_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "211"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "coarse reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Slite Group (100%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1927 på gårdsplanen till Fardume gård. Senare fördes bildstenen till den medeltida ruinen Fardume slott, där den bröts sönder i flera delar. Delarna samlades in och överfördes till Gotlands museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nFlera fragment av mindre bildsten (period B), med största bredd på 55 cm. Kantdekor bevarad. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBoodvK0yh9Qp3bYkPHYguzAbwOzQssT56rND4eoCqHzsY?e=NFyBjJ"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4867",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0336"
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]
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"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "(Lilla) Sandegårda (today Sandgårde) in Sanda parish, probably from the local Late Iron Age burial ground. "
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Funnen sydväst om gårdsbyggnaden vid Sandegårda enligt Wennersten (GFs katalog)."
}
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"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 110) only notes that picture stone no. I was found by the farmer W. Pettersson in Lilla Sandegårda, without giving a date. He mentions that stone no. II was delivered to Gotlands Fornsal in 1929 (ibid.). According to a report kept in ATA (dnr. 5102), T. J. Arne inspected stone no. I that was standing in the garden of W. Pettersson in Lilla Sandegårda in 1927. The archive also preserves a photo by Arne from 1927, which shows the stone standing upright in the garden, with the entire root anchored in the ground (ATA, run- och bildstenssamling 989:30). Arne notes that the stone was mentioned by O. V. Wennersten. \n\nAccording to a letter dated 1930-01-03 which is kept in ATA, both Sanda Sandegårda I and GP 346 Sanda Sandegårda II were found on a grave field. This is probably the burial ground registered by RAÄ as Sanda 36:1 (larger part of the necropolis south of the road) and 175:1 (smaller part north of the road). Finds have been brought in from here since the middle of the 19th century. In 1936, the cemetery was mapped by G. A. Hellmann, and about 575 burials were identified. Some graves located in the north-eastern edge were investigated by Hellman in 1937. The find material, including a number of coins, comprises mainly Vendel and Viking Age objects (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, pp. 615–618, stone no. II is mentioned on p. 616 but without any further information). "
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"display_title": "GP 346 Sanda Sandegårda II",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 11 cm thick. The obverse is quite even […]. The narrow sides are 5–6 cm wide, carefully hewn flat at right angles towards the obverse, and separated from both the obverse and the reverse by a chamfer about 1 cm wide. Apart from this chamfer, the reverse is raw. The stone’s height is 104 cm, of which 75 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. The width between the upper corners is 55 cm, at the narrowest place of the body, it is 42 cm, and 46 cm at the lower edge of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 110). The stone is completely preserved, including its root, and essentially undamaged; only the right protruding corner of the head is a bit battered. "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "55"
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "“The stone is decorated with lines that in the present weathered condition lack distinct character. At least the main features of the patterns, however, can be identified nonetheless: a framing border with an inaccurately-drawn three-strand band interlace; horizontal bar; the lower panel entirely is covered with a rhombic pattern, the upper one has in its centre a broad band loop the lower, curved end of which appears to be in the shape of an animal’s head, approximately as in Salin’s Style II. On each side of this loop, the field is filled by one or more serpents” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 110). This description corresponds to the photo of the painted stone published by Lindqvist (ibid. I, fig. 48), on which all the elements mentioned can be seen exactly, including the Style II serpent and the two snakes flanking it. The latter two slither in an undulating fashion, turning their mouths outwards, while the snake in the centre forms a figure-of-eight-shape, with its head down and the tip of its tail up. Photos of the unpainted stone from 1927 and an early painted version from 1933 preserved in ATA show, however, that the images were not easy to identify (ATA, run- och bildstenssamling 989:30, 1751:10; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 116). "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "Based on his extensive studies on the iconography of the Migration Period gold bracteates, Karl Hauck interpreted the depictions on Sanda Sandegårda I as an image of the supreme god Oðinn in shape of a serpent, accompanied by a pair of snakes, comparable to the motif of GP 281 När Smiss 3, on which the god flanked by two serpents is depicted in human form (1983a, pp. 535–536, 556; cf. Oehrl 2010a, pp. 439–446). Hauck understands the serpent escort as equivalent to the serpent companions of the ancient god Aesculapius. Like the Mediterranean god of healing (Küster 1913, pp. 133–137), Oðinn, according to medieval Icelandic sources, was also able to take the shape of a serpent. Snorri Sturluson gives a detailed account of Oðinn’s theft of the mead of poetry in the Skáldskaparmál (Faulkes 1998, p. 4). There Oðinn transforms himself into a snake in order to slip through a hole and get to the giantess Gunnlǫð. Furthermore, the god’s epithets Ófnir and Sváfnir, recorded as early as around AD 900 in the Skaldic Poem Haraldskvæði (stanza 11 – Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 AI, p. 26; BI, p. 23), at the same time, according to the Edda poem Grímnismál (stanza 34 – Kuhn/Neckel 1983, p. 64), represent serpent’s names. According to Hauck (1972, pp. 59–64; 1977b, p. 507), the shape-shifting of Oðinn is also depicted on the B-bracteate of Vindum Stenhuse (IK 384). Hauck’s interpretation is appealing and based on a broad knowledge of sources and material, but ultimately remains hypothetical. \n\nSnakes (which in the literary tradition can hardly be separated from ʻdragonsʼ or ʻwormsʼ) can have many different meanings in the Germanic-speaking cultures of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages (Simek 2004, pp. 144–146) which can only be outlined here. Depictions of snakes occur on 6th/7th century Frankish gravestones and Alemannic tree coffins and are therefore understood as animals of the dead, representing the souls of the deceased, as in other cultures of antiquity, including Roman religion (Böhner 2002, pp. 155–161). In the 8th century Historia Langobardorum, Paulus Diaconus tells of the Frankish king Guntram sending out a snake from his mouth in a dream (Waitz 1878, pp. 138–140). The snake – apparently a kind of alter ego or representation of the soul – had come across a treasure on its dream journey, which Guntram recovered after his awakening. Figurative representations of serpents that drive out of the mouths of human figures can occasionally be found in Germanic and Viking art (Böhner 1987, p. 469, fig. 21:2; Oehrl 2010a, pp. 444–446, fig. 26, pl. VI:1). \n\nSince Antiquity, snakes were considered particularly wise and were often associated with the acquisition of supernatural knowledge and mantic abilities (e.g., Küster 1913, pp. 121–137; Egli 1982, pp. 137–139; Oehrl 2010). In the Gospel of Matthew (10, 16) it is stated: estote ergo prudentes sicut serpentes. The idea that eating snakes or snake saliva confers knowledge of animal language and prophetic knowledge is widespread, not only recorded in several ancient myths and, for example, Pliny’s Naturalis historia (liber X:LXX and XXIX:XXII – König 1986, p. 96; 1991, p. 60), but also in the Gesta Danorum of Saxo Grammaticus (liber V:129–130 – Friis-Jensen/Fisher 2015; Herrmann 1901, p. 172–173). There are also traces of snake worship among the Germanic tribes. Reference must be made to the 7th-century snake idol mentioned in the Vita Barbati (Waitz 1878, pp. 557, 562), which is said to have been worshipped by the Langobards and could be regarded as an image of Wodan (De Vries 1956–1957 I, p. 362; II, p. 64). \n\nHowever, in the interweavings of the Germanic animal style, snake creatures seem to have been conceived as demonic beings that were captured and rendered harmless through knotting and interweaving and thus used as apotropaion. In the middle of the 8th century, St. Boniface described Germanic (Saxon) animal ornament as an expression of pagan superstition and the work of the devil (Høilund Nielsen 2002: 8–10). The demon-banishing power of knots and interlace is well-documented in both Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Weigert 1938; Wamers 2008: 52–54). In this sense, the snake-like creatures of the Germanic animal styles represent ominous powers that are trapped and rendered harmless by knotting and interlacing. In the iconography of Vendel Period helmet plates, snakes appear as demonic enemies of human warriors, as they do on the Gotlandic Type A picture stones (see GP 268 Martebo kyrka I, cf. GP 173 Hangvar Austers I and GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV). Probably the best-known serpent-shaped demon in Old Norse tradition is the Midgard Serpent (miðgarðsormr), along with two other prominent monsters, of which it is not entirely clear whether they are to be understood as snakes or dragons – the dragon Fáfnir is said to lie í orms líki (ʻin shape of a snake/wormʼ) on the Gnitaheiðr (Reginsmál, prose after stanza 14 – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 176), and the terms naðr (ʻadder/snakeʼ) and dreki (ʻdragonʼ) are used for the same demon Níðhöggr in Vǫluspá stanza 66 (ibid. p. 15). \n\nThe possibilities of interpreting serpent images such as the one from Sandegårda are, as could only be hinted at here, extremely diverse. Finally, there is another possible interpretation, which is particularly appealing because it refers to the origin myth of the Gotlanders passed down in the Guta saga (ch. 1 – Peel 1999, p. 3): The Gutnic people’s ancestress Huitastierna dreams, before she gives birth to her three sons who are later to rule the three parts of Gotland, that she carries three intertwined snakes in her womb. Possibly the three serpents on the picture stone represent the three progenitors of Gotland? A woman with spread legs (childbearing posture?) and snakes in her hands can be seen on the stone GP 281 När Smiss 3 and has therefore also been associated with this very myth. "
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"display_title": "GP 268 Martebo kyrka I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0268.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2219",
"value_resource_id": 2219,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2219",
"display_title": "GP 173 Hangvar Austers I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f38a704d306415d3ec0af60e175fec62fba4355.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0173.jpg",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395",
"value_resource_id": 2395,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2395",
"display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. The snake head typical of Style II, which in similar form also appears in the border decoration of GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX, points to the period between the late 6th century and about AD 700. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 116–117), the best parallels can be found in jewelry dating to the very late 7th century, while Nylén, based on Gotlandic grave finds, concludes “around 600 or slightly later” (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 46). In any case, these animal style ornamented stones are of particular importance for the dating of Type B. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. \n\nRemotely serpent-like interlace motifs comparable to the image on the stone from Sandegårda can be observed on the Type B stones GP 156 Halla Broa XI and GP 335 Rute Ala. Due to their similar shape and ornamentation, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37–38) assigns them to his Alagruppe, named after Rute Ala. According to Larsen (2009, pp. 32, 35–36), who investigated both stones by 3D scanning, their serpent-like ornaments are typical for the 7th-century animal style. In his opinion, they originate from one and the same stone carver. At Lindqvistʼs time, these two monuments were the only known picture stones decorated in this way. A third specimen, however, is represented by the recent find from GP 297 Unknown find spot. Although the Sandegårda stone obviously belongs to this group in terms of motif, Lindqvist considers it typical of the Sandegårdagruppe named after it (1941/42 I, p. 37). "
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"display_title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
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"display_title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acc03b9d2d5cfd6d35d05a2697e1db5a46b2dbca.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0156.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
"value_resource_id": 2380,
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"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2343",
"value_resource_id": 2343,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2343",
"display_title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0297.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 89, 116, fig. 48; II, p. 110; Hauck 1983a, pp. 535, 556, fig. 38; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 46–47; Oehrl 2010a, p. 448; 2019a, p. 11, fig. 2c; Guber 2011, pp. 68, 141 cat. no. 64. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sanda, Sandegårda I"
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC6347"
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{
"type": "resource:item",
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4871",
"value_resource_id": 4871,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0340",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0340_RGB.nxz",
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "216"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffad av bonden på Lilla Sandegårda, troligen på det närbelägna gravfältet. Stenen stod 1927 i gårdens trädgård och överfördes till Gotland museum 1929. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nUtställd i Bildstenshallen på Gotlands museum. \n\nBeskrivning \nDvärgsten (period B), 104 cm hög och som bredast 55 cm. Bildstenen har två bildfält, det nedre täckt av ett rombiskt mönster, det övre en knut med avslutning med ett djurhuvud. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nFlera alternativ har presenterats, men tolkningen är svår att avgöra. \n\nAA "
}
],
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "animal"
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{
"type": "literal",
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2139",
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{
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"o:title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks"
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 110) only notes that the picture stone no. II was delivered to Gotlands Fornsal in 1929. Regarding stone no. I, he mentions that it was found by the farmer W. Pettersson in Lilla Sandegårda, without giving a date (ibid.). \n\nAccording to a letter dated 1930-01-03 which is kept in ATA, both GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I and Sanda Sandegårda II were found in a grave field. No. II is said to have been discovered in 1929 by farmer Harald Hansson lying close to the surface in the burial ground. This is probably the burial ground registered by RAÄ as Sanda 36:1 (larger part of the cemetery south of the road) and 175:1 (smaller part north of the road). Finds have been brought in from here since the middle of the 19th century. In 1936, the cemetery was mapped by G. A. Hellmann, and about 575 burials were identified. Some graves located in the north-eastern edge were investigated by Hellman in 1937. The find material, including several coins, comprises mainly Vendel and Viking Age objects (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, pp. 615–618, stone no. II is mentioned on p. 616 but without any further information). "
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"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 8–12 cm thick. The obverse is naturally even, curved, and features several deep depressions. The narrow sides, which severely have suffered from weathering just as the other sides, probably were chamfered towards the back. The reverse is raw. The stone’s height is 107 cm, of which 63.5 cm are accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the decoration. The width of the head is 35 cm, that of the neck 32 cm, and that of the base 45 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 110). The entire mushroom-shaped monument is preserved, including its large root. The surface is weathered and the carvings hard to discern. "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "106"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "In the older photographs of the unpainted stone kept in ATA (run- och bildstenssamling, 1718:60 and dnr. 4903-29) and published in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 I, fig. 119), the pictorial representations are almost not visible at all. Lindqvist’s description corresponds to his picture of the painted stone from 1933 (ibid. figs. 106, 118): “The decoration was sketched out in lines and largely executed by the chiseling of the background fields. Apart from the base, the field is surrounded by an s-spun cord that forms a border without actually being a frame. A 2.5–3 cm wide band divides the field into two parts. The upper panel shows at its very top a motif reminiscent of a swastika, and below it, there are two figures facing each other – probably men – in different costumes. They appear to be shaking hands. In the lower panel, an indistinct figure can be seen at the top, and below, three men are shown of whom the two on the right are dressed in the same manner as the two persons in the upper panel – they, too, seem to be shaking hands. The man on the left holds up his hand in their direction. Even today, the festive meaning of these images without words seems clear to every observer.” (ibid. II, p. 110). \n\nConcerning the men’s costume, at least two of them seem to wear harem trousers (Toplak 2011, pp. 61–65) while the others are dressed in long robes that reach down to the ankles. From the outstretched arms of all men, long tips hang down that reach almost to the ground and look like hanging sleeves. Men with long robes or harem trousers and hanging tips of the type described occur frequently on Type C/D picture stones, for example on GP 244 Lokrume kyrka, GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV, GP 532 Träkumla kyrka I, GP 280 När Smiss i, GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss I. There is little justification for regarding such figures with long robes and hanging tips as women (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 96; 1964, p. 68) or androgynous figures (Göransson 1999, pp. 67–68; cf. Helmbrecht 2011, p. 239; 2012, p. 88), as they often have male characteristics (beard), and ceremonial long robes may well have been worn by men. In Old Norse, the term slœður or slœðor (fem. pl.) denotes a trailing dress or, as in the case of Egill Skalla-Grímsson, the long trailing garment of a man (Egils saga ch. 67 – Sigurður Nordal 1933, p. 213). Toplak (2011, p. 48; cf. Ewing 2007, p. 171) associates the ankle-length garments, gathered at the hip, as depicted on GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, with the Old Norse term kyrtill. \n\nHowever, there is disagreement about the meaning of the hanging tip. It is not very likely that these represent long hanging sleeves (as suggested by Holmqvist 1976, p. 564; Ewing 2007, pp. 91, 93, 115, 119; Toplak 2011, pp. 40, 48), as there is no archaeological evidence for those from the Viking Age and they are unlikely to have appeared before the courtly culture of the High Middle Ages. It is more probable to assume a cloak-tip hanging down from the outstretched arm (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 77; Oehrl 2019a, p. 177). Such hanging tips of a cloak in connection with an ankle-length garment are frequently depicted in Carolingian and Ottonian art, such as in the depiction of King David in the Montpellier Psalter (Bibl. Montpellier Ms. 409; also called the Tassilopsalter – Dannheimer/Dopsch 1988, p. 351, fig. 240) or the coronation image of the Regensburg Sacramentary (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München Clm 4456, fol. 11r – Weinfurter et al. 2002, pp. 17–20, 269–270, fig. 2), to name two relevant examples. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2290",
"value_resource_id": 2290,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2290",
"display_title": "GP 244 Lokrume kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8bfebd3965015e2868ab4f17511bb2f16da86821.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0244.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2298",
"value_resource_id": 2298,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2298",
"display_title": "GP0252",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0252.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576",
"value_resource_id": 2576,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2576",
"display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442",
"value_resource_id": 2442,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2442",
"display_title": "GP0397",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "It remains unclear whether the men are merely raising and shaking hands, in the sense of a ceremonial greeting or perhaps an act of oath taking, or whether they are perhaps holding drinking vessels in their hands with which they toast each other (Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62, 169 fn. 1508). Depictions of ceremonial drinking, which also seems to include a kind of oath taking, can be seen on GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV and GP 532 Träkumla kyrka I, with the drinkers wearing the same ceremonial costumes with long robes and hanging cloaks that also characterise the men of Sandegårda II. Depictions of otherworldly drinking parties in Oðinn’s Valhǫll have also been considered, against the background of the importance of eschatological ideas in the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones. For more details concerning these interpretations, see the relevant articles (and Oehrl 2019a, pp. 169–180). Alternatively, a duel could be depicted, similar to the image of När Smiss I, or a ritual clashing of weapons, as has been suggested for the swordsmen on GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I and GP 252 Lärbro Tängelgårda IV (Schwab 1994, p. 508, fn. 63), although no weapons are clearly visible on the Sandegårda Stone. Besides the Smiss stone, duels are also depicted on GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I and GP 3 Alskog kyrka. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2298",
"value_resource_id": 2298,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2298",
"display_title": "GP0252",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8756c6dd0cc322865c80f13b95ab28be95fe5ebd.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0252.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2576",
"value_resource_id": 2576,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2576",
"display_title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f94bdae6ccf3ee55275413bd7005a63b71563ce.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0532.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2326",
"value_resource_id": 2326,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2326",
"display_title": "GP 280 När Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2a1dc7da59386303aa351e00c9aa65be30cacc36.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0280.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050",
"value_resource_id": 2050,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2050",
"display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, belonging to ʻAbschnittʼ C according to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44), who dates those stones to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his period 4, i.e., Late Vendel Period. The best parallels concerning iconography are among the large stones that Lindqvist ascribes to his Lärbro group (see VI and VII). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 42, 48, 94, 117, 121, figs. 106, 118–119; II, p. 110; Schwab 1994, p. 508, fn. 63; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 616; Toplak 2011, pp. 40, 48; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62, 169 fn. 1508, 177, 289, fig. 28b. "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Sanda, Sandegårda II"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC6990"
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],
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{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4877",
"value_resource_id": 4877,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4877",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0346",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0346_RGB.nxz",
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "217"
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],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffades 1929 liggande på gravfältet vid gården. Stenen överlämnades samma år till Gotlands museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nUtställd i Bildstenshallen på Gotlands museum. \n\nBeskrivning \nSen dvärgsten (period C/D), 107 cm hög och som bredast 63,5 cm. Spår av en fläta som delar stenen i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet en svastika och därunder två motställda män, som verkar skaka hand. I det nedre bildfältet en oklar människofigur överst och under denna tre män, varav två skakar hand och en håller upp sin hand mot de två andra. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen klar tolkning. \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "swastika"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "human figure"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "hand"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "trousers"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "cloak"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "woman"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "cup"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6393355"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCJkTpg_AdyR5i4zr8VZJOiAU7MR8YHIbQP6qCJMig0cGM?e=K5fwSl"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2385",
"o:title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2386",
"o:title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2576",
"o:title": "GP 532 Träkumla kyrka 1"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4877",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0346"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2399,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-08-26T11:03:38+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3967",
"o:id": 3967
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3966",
"o:id": 3966
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3967",
"o:id": 3967
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0354"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A field east of the farmstead ʻLilla Sojvide gårdʼ in Sjonhem parish; probably originating from the nearby grave field (RAÄ Sjonhem 1:1). "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sjonhem"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen omedelbart öster om gården, öster om landsvägen och NO järnvägsstationen Viklau. På en åker vid ett gravfält."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The picture stone was found while ploughing, in an agricultural field east of the farmstead, just east of the north-south road next to the farm. The stone was reported to Gotlands Museum in 1927 by Ture Carlson (ATA dnr 4757/27). In those days, it was still at the farmstead. However, since it had been in danger of destruction there, in 1934, Provinsialläkare Dr. med. Kurt Bergström transferred the monument, which was already broken into two pieces, to the Museum in Visby (dnr 3111/34; 2970/34). A grave field with an extension of 750 x 300 m (N–S) is situated just south-east of the farmstead, mainly west of the road (RAÄ Sjonhem 1:1; Nylén 1955, 220–225). It is likely that the picture stone originates from this cemetery. According to RAÄ, the grave field, which has partly been investigated, consists of a stone cist, 10 mounds, 7 stone mounds (rösen), and 182 circular or almost circular stone settings, which are up to 29 m in diameter. Nylén (ibid. p. 220) notes, however, that more than 300 graves are visible. Many of the graves have been robbed and parts of the area destroyed by gravel mining. The grave field mainly dates to the Early Iron Age; however, Viking Age finds are recorded as well (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, pp. 630–631). One of the mounds, which contained 7 or 8 Early Iron Age burials, was excavated in 1937 by Mårten Stenberger and published in Fornvännen (Bertel 1939). "
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, about 6 cm thick. The obverse is even; the narrow sides most likely are rounded towards the back; in places, they look as if they were hewn at right angles towards the obverse, and chamfered towards both broad sides. The reverse is quite – but not entirely – even (hewn?). The height is 90 cm, of which 62 cm are accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the decoration. Between the upper corners, the width is 59 cm, just above the base, it is 38 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 112). The stone is completely preserved (including the root) but broken into an upper and a lower half. It has not been repaired and is still in two pieces. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "90"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "59"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6"
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],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The decoration, which is limited to the even broad side, is executed with rather wide, shallow lines. They form a framing border with a simplified ‘twisted cord’, a double inner framing line, and a rhombic grid pattern in the lower half of the field. In the upper half, a ship can be seen with towering stems, but without a mast. The background field surrounding the ship is slightly chiselled” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 112). A group of middle type picture stones depict a similar rhombic-pattern (see IX), which has been considered to represent (symbolise) a ship’s sail, which is not entirely convincing (Guber 2011, p. 67). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone provides the name for Lindqvist’s Sojvidegruppe, which is characterized by a flat, arched upper edge with pronounced corners, which protrude horizontally, and “simple decoration” (1941/42 I, pp. 36–37). The rhombic pattern in the lower field is similar to GP 193 Hellvi Ire III; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs; and GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds. In Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 157) typology, Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide represents an outlier and is therefore disregarded. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the primitive ship depiction without mast or sail to his group 1 (rigglösa skepp), which he dates to the period between the 5th and the 6th century. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"value_resource_id": 2319,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2319",
"display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
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],
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 41; II, p. 112; Varenius 1992, p. 58, fig. 13; Guber 2011, p. 142 cat. no. 65; Runkvist 2012, p. 157. "
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sjonhem, Lilla Sojvide"
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],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC8540"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4885",
"value_resource_id": 4885,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4885",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0354",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "223"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (30%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades vid plöjning i en åker öster om gården Lilla Sojvide. Omtalas första gången 1927 och fördes i två delar till Gotlands museum 1934. Kommer troligen från ett stort gravfält i närheten. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \n”Dvärgsten” (period B), 90 cm hög och som bredast 62 cm. På övre delen av stenen ett skepp utan segel eller mast och på den lägre delen en rombiskt nätmönster. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "boat"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2401",
"o:title": "GP 356 Sjonhem kyrka II"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2621",
"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2139",
"o:title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2319",
"o:title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4885",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0354"
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]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2405",
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"o:id": 2405,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 360 Sproge kyrka",
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"@value": "GP0360"
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
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"@value": "Påträffad i två delar i en igenmurad nisch i absidens södra vägg omedelbart söder om altaret. Stenarna var insatta som golv och bakvägg i nischen. Stenarna påträffades i samband med renoveringen av kyrkan 15/1 1965. ATA dnr 2234/65 med oläslig signatur."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_id": 281,
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"@value": "Inside the church, on the inner wall of the north side of the tower vault. The lower edge is 0.45 m above the floor. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "In-Loco"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "In situ."
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "According to a report by runologist Sven B. F. Jansson on April 10, 1965 the stone was found in January 15, 1965, in a sacrament-niche in the southern wall of the apse during restoration work (Jansson 1966). The stone was found when a filled-in niche was broken up in the southern wall of the apse, directly south of the altar. It was taken out from the niche on January 19, 1965. \n\nThe church was built in the early 13th century. The chancel, apse and longhouse were built c. 1225–1250, and the tower was added c. 1300 (Bergman 1982, p. 19; BeBR). Remains of a wooden predecessor of oak, possibly a stave church, were found 1965. Some remains are stored in the parish storage and in Gotland Museum. Wall planks from a wooden church were reused in the floor in the stone church (BeBR; Bergman 1982, pp. 15–19, p. 43). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The measurements are: height 0.93 m, width 0.46 m and thickness 0.08–0.10 m. The runes are 5–6 cm high. The material is reddish limestone of a type known from Garda, Hoburgen and Karlsöarna. The edges are hewn, and the ornament is carved in deep relief. \n\nThe stone was broken into two parts, but both parts were built into the same niche. The stone had been used as a piscina (basin) and has a large hole. Breakage of the stone damaged its lower left and upper right parts, and consequently also damaged parts of the runic inscription. There were no traces of paint when the stone was found, but it was partly covered by plaster. The stone was repaired by stonemason Henry Karlsson of Slite stenhuggeri. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "95"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "10"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "As on other E-stones, the runic inscription runs along the edges. The main motif is a runic ornament with two facing dragons. The dragons’ heads are unusual, as they are reminiscent of but not exactly like runic animals of P1 or P2 in Gräslund’s style chronology (Gräslund 2006). At the neck, there are large knots on the rune band, and a dividing horizontal ribbon in the form of a rope-stick seems to cross the picture stone above the dragons. Unfortunately, this part is largely damaged by the piscina. \n\nIn the head of the stone, we see a draught horse with a sleigh. The sleigh has an undercarriage, on which the driver is sitting, holding the reins. Beneath the arm of the driver, there is a curved object, possibly a drinking horn or a ring. Above the sled-motif, there is a knot. \n\nA particular technical and ornamental detail in the adornment of some branches of runes in the inscription are pitted terminals, a typical Gotlandic feature that also appears on, for example, GP 355 Sjonhem kyrka I (G 134), GP 356 Sjonhem kyrka II (G 135) and GP 214 Kräklingbo Smiss II (G 116). Outside Gotland, terminals marked by dots have been noticed on stone crosses in Rogaland in Norway (Crouwers 2019, p. 119). Greek crosslets with pitted terminals as seen on the Rogaland crosses are furthermore found on stone monuments in Argyll, Western Scotland (Crouwers 2019, p. 205). This feature, with a pit at the beginning and end of ornament lines, is likewise known from metal art, i.e., the weathervane from Söderala. Bernhard Salin drew a parallel to runestones on Öland and Gotland, and he indicated that this detail also appears in England. Salin did not mention which particular objects he referred to but suggested that this ornamental detail derived from Western influence (Salin 1921, pp. 1–16). \n\nThe stone was 3D-scanned in 2013 and the carving technique was compared to other E-stones as well as with 11th-century runestones on the Swedish mainland. The result suggested that the carver of GP 360 might have been influenced by styles current on the mainland runestones, but still adhered to local craft tradition (Kitzler Åhfeldt 2019, p. 104). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2400",
"value_resource_id": 2400,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2400",
"display_title": "GP 355 Sjonhem kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1f21e57d318b5b907b3144aba8839fc88ee86a8a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0355.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2401",
"value_resource_id": 2401,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2401",
"display_title": "GP 356 Sjonhem kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dd731970b08291347ac4c1b641a1a215069aad44.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0356.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2260",
"value_resource_id": 2260,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2260",
"display_title": "GP 214 Kräklingbo Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/8a78e4ee346a3eb56efe32d6d2a8d9df6985ed6a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0214.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "When this picture stone was found, it was the first time a sleigh was seen on a picture stone, and the driver was at first interpreted as a man. The only other sleigh-motif found on a picture stone so far is on GP 234 Levide kyrka 3, but the sleigh-motif has often been interpreted in relation to the motifs with wagons, and sleighs and wagons are often discussed together. In nearby Levide, both a stone with a sleigh (GP 234 Levide kyrka 3) and another stone with a wagon (GP 231 Levide kyrka; G 77) have been found (Jansson 1966, p.106). The picture stones have both these motifs in common with the Oseberg and Överhogdal tapestries, from the 9th and 11th centuries, respectively. Currently, there are six stones known with either a wagon or a sleigh, two with sleds and four with wagons (GP 3 Alskog kyrka, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshalderhed, GP 71 Ekeby kyrka, GP 231 Levide kyrka. Women drive four of those vehicles; in the remaining two cases, gender is undefined. On two stones, the wagons or sleighs occur in connection with women with drinking horns; on two other stones, the woman in the wagon carries the horn herself (Böttger-Niedenzu 1982, pp. 44–47, Tab. II). \n\nThe sleigh and wagon scenes in a picture stone context have been interpreted as related to women as female counterparts to the mounted warrior and the journey to Valhalla (Almgren 1934, p. 116; 1940; Lindqvist 1962, p. 81; Böttger-Niedenzu 1982, p. 46; Snædal 2010; Oehrl 2017, p. 16). This connection is confirmed by wagon graves with women (Müller-Wille 1985; Staecker 2002; for more about the wagon-motif, see GP 231 Levide Kyrka). The motif continues to appear on picture stones into the 11th century, as on GP 231 Levide kyrka, GP 71 Ekeby kyrka and the stone in question here, GP 360 Sproge kyrka, and may be a conservative element that has a long survival. The wagons and sleighs relatively often are found on cist stones (Snædal 2004, p. 60, 2010), which may further indicate a relationship to women. At first, Lindqvist regarded the cist stones as memorials for women (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 59), but later he turned to regard them as cists for votive offerings (Lindqvist 1964, p. 82). \n\nOn Överhogdal II, there is a horse with a sleigh with two passengers, one of whom is lifting an object with a long shaft, perhaps a cross, a torch or an axe (Horneij 1991, p. 58; Franzén and Nockert 1992, p. 48). It might also be a wand. Franzén and Nockert indicate that a close examination reveals that it is a cross (Franzén and Nockert 1992, p. 48). One of the passengers is marked by the symbol that Horneij calls a five-point-cross, i.e., the heraldic knot (or Sw. Sankthanskors) (Horneij 1991, p. 57). In one interpretation, the couple is understood as a wedding couple (Horneij 1991, p. 78, p. 82). There may be another sleigh, empty and with no horse, below this motif (Horneij 1991, p. 58; Franzén and Nockert 1992, p. 46–48 Fig. 40, 49). \n\nIn the Oseberg burial, full-size sleighs are included in the burial goods, construction details of which have been discussed by Sune Lindqvist in relation to Levide 3 (Lindqvist 1964, p. 74). A weapon grave with a sleigh, interpreted as the grave of a merchant due to the find of scales among the grave goods, was found in Röstahammaren in the same region as Överhogdal (Welinder 2009, pp. 63–64). In this region, sleighs and wagons seem to be parts of the local burial customs and are not particularly associated with women. \n\nEarlier ethnographic studies of sleighs distinguish between sleighs with one or two runners. On the former, the load is tied directly on to the runner; they are smaller and, probably, they were pulled by people, for example for bringing home the bag from a hunting trip. The latter, with two runners, have undercarriages; they are heavier and were pulled by beasts of burden (Berg 1935; Oldeberg, 1956, pp. 231–232). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2280",
"value_resource_id": 2280,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2280",
"display_title": "GP 234 Levide kyrka 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f5c355b07c8c5346822e9ee3c96c108890408999.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0234.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2277",
"value_resource_id": 2277,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2277",
"display_title": "GP 231 Levide kyrka (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bbaaa3e73375598d2c389cd1c7422989ec64f0af.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0231.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2050",
"value_resource_id": 2050,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2050",
"display_title": "GP 3 Alskog kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/50a7bab11df828a06ad8a95ac40128b793f64c22.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0003.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167",
"value_resource_id": 2167,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2167",
"display_title": "GP0120",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2118",
"value_resource_id": 2118,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2118",
"display_title": "GP 71 Ekeby kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/188416b7ba05e5a9914c8205b92d0fd69eb864f7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Ekeby_foto_kyrka_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_kyrka_original_c.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist Type E. The size relates the stone to the so-called dwarf stones. The first preliminary assessment that circulated in newspapers was a dating to the 10th century (Gotlands Allehanda), but on closer examination this was soon revised to the 11th century (Jansson 1965, 1966). Snædal dates the stone to the middle of the 11th century (G 373; Snædal 2002, p. 100). The ornament indicates that the stone may belong to the style group P1 or P2 in Gräslund’s style chronology (Gräslund 2006), indicating a date to the first half of the 11th c. AD, but the heads of the runic animals are not easily classified. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
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"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "…ʀua-r × auk × auþuatr × giarþu × kukbl × yftir × kun(a)(i)þ(i) ----- × sina × ku--ai × nutan \n\nSwedish\nGairvat(?) och Audvat gjorde minnesmärket efter Gunnhaid(?), sin …, en duglig … \n\nEnglish\nGeirhvatr(?) and Auðhvatr made the monument in memory of Gunnheiðr(?) … their capable … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Svahnström 1965; Jansson 1965; 1966, pp. 105–106; Bergman 1982, pp. 65–66, fig. 80; Snædal 2002, p.70, p. 100; G 373. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:6331"
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],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sproge 65:4"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4891",
"value_resource_id": 4891,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4891",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0360",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0360_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "224"
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],
"ai2:runverketID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 309,
"property_label": "Runverket ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "G 373"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nSproge kyrka, i en nisch i absiden. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nFortfarande i kyrkan, inmurad på insidan av tornväggen. \n\nBeskrivning \nSvampformad bildsten med runinskrift, 0,93 m hög och 0,46 m bred, 8-10 cm tjock. Stenen har slagits itu och använts för att fodra en nisch i kyrkväggen i absiden. Där har den använts som piscina, ett avlopp för vigvatten och dopvatten, och den har därför ett stort hål som skadat bildframställningen. \n\nStenen är av typ E, dvs en runbildsten. Runinskriften löper i ett band längs kanten. Ornamentiken visar två motstående djur. Ovanför djuren, i höjd med bildstenens hals, går ett avskiljande band i form av en repstav tvärsöver stenen. På vardera sidan finns det en knut som förbinder repstaven med runbandet. I stenens topp ser vi en häst som drar en släde med en människogestalt som håller i tömmarna. Släden har ett tydligt underrede. Ovanför ekipaget finns en trikvetra-liknande knut. \n\nDatering \nTroligen första halvan av 1000-talet e.Kr. \n\nTolkning \nSlädmotivet tolkas ofta tillsammans med vagnmotivet som en kvinnlig version av resan till dödsriket. Arkeologiska fynd av slädar i gravar tycks bekräfta detta. Ett ekipage med släde finns även på en bildsten från Levide, samt på de vikingatida bonaderna från Oseberg och Överhogdal. \nLKÅ "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350187"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "693677"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350187"
}
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"@value": "The fragment was incorporated into the churchyard wall north of the tower as it was discovered by Fredrik Nordin in 1911. According to Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, pp. 10–11), a wooden church at this spot was the very first church building in the entire northern part of Gotland. It was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the 12th century, the foundations of which were discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the 13th century (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, p. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church but in the entire parish is an indicator of the politically and religiously important position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during large-scale restoration works, which were carried out in 1954/55. "
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, about 7 cm thick. The obverse is uneven and displays cracks and flaked patches, the narrow sides are roughly smoothed, the reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height now is 60 cm, the width between the upper corners is 45 cm. The body is 36 cm wide at the narrowest part” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 116). The small stone is almost completely preserved, only its root is broken off. "
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 116) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with shallow chiselled lines. Inside of the framing border filled with a simplified ‘twisted cord’ pattern, there can be seen in the centre parts of a watercraft with chequered sail and further up the very vague remains of a bird of prey.” In Olof Sörlingʼs drawing which is reproduced in Lindqvistʼs book, only some parts of the birdʼs tail and the top of a wing can be guessed at (ibid. fig. 492). In another drawing made by Sörling, which is kept in ATA (run- och bildstenssamling), however, only a few lines can be seen in the upper field. The photo of the secondarily painted stone provided by Lindqvist in his book, however, depicts a typical Style II image of a striking raptor in profile, right above the ship. It seems as if the giant raptor attacks the vessel as though it was a prey animal. \n\nMigration Period bird brooches (Thiry 1939, pl. 18:428–429) and raptor-shaped fittings from the Vendel Period (Atterman 1934; Salin 1904, 269; Hauck 1980a, figs. 31–33; 1982c, fig. 55.8; Dickinson 2005, figs. 12b–g; 2011, figs. 9b–f; Oehrl 2020d) are close parallels. Actually, some of these items represent raptors striking and holding their prey, such as the gilded saddle fittings from a horseman’s grave at Vallstena in Gotland (Nerman 1969/75, nos. 1260–1263) dating to the 7th century, the gold and garnet cloisonné mounts of the purse lid from the 7th century Anglo-Saxon princely ship burial at Sutton Hoo (Suffolk, East Anglia), depicting a raptor striking a duck (Hicks 1986, 162–165; Adams 2015, 43–48), as well as a sheet gold plaque (probably a decoration on a warrior’s shield dating to the 6th or 7th century AD) from the famous Staffordshire Hoard (West Midlands) (Fern/Dickinson/Webster 2019, p. 92, cat. no. 538), depicting two raptors who are striking a fish. In addition, the unique bronze brooch from Lisbjerg in Jutland, Denmark, from the 6th/7th century AD, depicts a bird of prey gripping a man’s legs with its claws and biting into his neck (Ørsnes 1966, no. 159a; Kjærum/Olsen 1990, p. 162 no. 63). A raptor in profile, who is striking a fish, can also be seen on a gold bracteate from an unknown find spot kept in the British Museum (IK 33 British Museum-C), dating between AD 450 and 550. \n\nThose depictions of striking Style I/II raptors (some of which, however, could also be regarded as corvids) are very similar to the image on the picture stone from Stenkyrka church. However, it must be stressed that it is difficult to verify the image given by Lindqvist (Oehrl 2019a, p. 66), even when using digital imaging tools. Remarkably, Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 89) does not mention Stenkyrka kyrka IV in his overview of bird depictions and states that GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX represents the only space-filling bird motif in the material."
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Hauck (1983a, pp. 534–535) interprets both the striking Style II raptor on Stenkyrka kyrka IV and the emblematic raptor (?) on GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX as depictions of the chief god Wodan/Óðinn, acting in shape of an eagle. This interpretation is based on his research on the iconology of the Migration Period gold bracteates (Hauck 1972, pp. 52–53, 56–58, 64–65, fig. 8, pl. I, 1a–b, pl. III, 3a–b, pl. IV, 4; 1982c, p. 322, fig. 3a; 1986b, pp. 294–296, figs. 5–6), the older futhark inscription on the Eggja rune stone, and Old Norse literature. \n\nThe Eggja rune stone (NiæR 55) was found in 1917 during ploughing near the farm Eggja (Eggjum) in Sogndal kommune, Sogn og Fjordane county (today Vestland county). The slab covered a 7th-century burial, the inscription facing downwards. The runic inscription is badly preserved and its meaning controversially discussed. It appears to be written in metrical form, and thus is regarded as an exceptional early piece of skaldic poetry. Most runologists agree that the inscription reflects a kind of ritual which was performed when the grave slab was carved, probably including a curse against potential grave robbers. In addition, according to runologist Wolfgang Krause (KJ 101), the inscription contains the following sequence: ʻAs who came the army-god hither onto the land of warriors? A fish swimming out of the terrible stream, a bird screaming into the enemy band.ʼ The term ʻarmy-godʼ hæráss is recorded in Old Norse poetry as a name (heiti) of the god Óðinn. Thus, according to Krause’s interpretation of the Eggja inscription, this deity comes to the land of the living, in shape of a fish or an eagle, probably in order to take the deceased to the afterlife. However, it must be stressed that the transliteration and actual meaning of the inscription is still disputed and unclear in many respects (see in particular Høst 1986). \n\nThere are numerous birds to be observed on the gold bracteates, which are frequently interpreted as ravens, although many of them have large, hooked beaks indicating raptors. In most cases, the birds closely accompany the central human figure, which should be regarded as an indigenous deity, probably the chief god, Wodan/Óðinn. The birds’ heads are intimately turned toward the god’s face, as if they would communicate with each other (Hauck 1977a; Heizmann 2007b, pp. 19–32; Pesch 2018, pp. 435–436). Frequently, the god’s headgear turns into a bird of prey. Occasionally, it seems as if the entire human figure merges with that of a bird (Hauck 1972) while some bracteates only depict the raptor, without any human features. Occasionally, it attacks a strange reptile-like monster (IK 413 Bohuslän-D) or a fish-like creature (IK 33 British Museum-C). In Hauck’s opinion, those raptors represent Óðinn fighting animal-shaped demons (Hauck 1986a, p. 493, fig. 3; cf. IK 616). In this way, Hauck also interprets the group of raptor-, serpent-, and fish-shaped Vendel Period shield mounts (1980a, pp. 274–286; Hauck 1982c, pp. 321–328; alternative interpretations are discussed by Dickinson 2005, pp. 152–160; 2011, pp. 644–650). The eagle who kills a serpent is a wide-spread symbol representing divine victory over evil (Wittkower 1939, pp. 294–325). Zeus/Jupiter also is frequently depicted in shape of an eagle, fighting a snake, and this motif is also adopted by Christian tradition, as symbol of Christ who defeats the devil (Oehrl 2015a, p. 481; 2020d, p. 460). \n\nAccording to the medieval written sources, Odin is indeed able to turn into an eagle, and some of the god’s numerous names refer to his affinity with the raptor – he is called Arnhǫfði (ʻthe eagle-headedʼ) or just Ǫrn (ʻeagleʼ) (Falk 1924, p. 41; Ellmers 1970, pp. 264–271, 275–277; Hauck 1972; 1980a, pp. 245–246, 267, 281, 283–285; 1982c, pp. 321–323; 1986b, pp. 278–280; 1988, pp. 34–36; Dickinson 2011, pp. 648–647). In order to escape from the giant Suttungr after he had stolen the mead of poetry, Óðinn took shape of an eagle (Skáldskaparmál 1 – Faulkes 1998, pp. 3–5; Hávamál stanzas 13, 14, 104–110 – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, pp. 19, 33–34; Berudrápa stanza 56 – Sigurður Nordal 1933, p. 276). Against this background, the runic inscription on a bracteate from Revsgård in Denmark (Jutland, IK 145) is of particular interest. A short sequence ara (Old Norse ari), probably meaning ʻeagleʼ, is clear and legible (Nedoma 2018, p. 1590). Unfortunately, the runic sequence on the opposite side of the god’s head remains less clear. However, it possibly contains the word haitika, a present tense first-person singular form of a verb that means ʻto be calledʼ. As a result, the inscription could be understood as: Ara haitika ʻEagle I am calledʼ or just ʻI am Eagleʼ – a self-proclamation of the runic writer or rather of the supreme god Odin himself (Düwel 2015 [1984], pp. 163–164; Oehrl 2020d, p. 455). \n\nAs a result, Hauck regards the Style II raptors depicted on the Type B picture stones from Stenkyrka church as mythological representations, as epiphanies of the supreme god Wodan/Óðinn, possibly acting as a psychopomp, a guide for the dead. Perhaps, on the stone no. IV, the god aims at the ship of the dead, taking possession of the vessel, and accompanying its crew to the world of the dead? However, the basis of this interpretation is rather sparse, the argumentation hypothetical. \n\nImages of raptors and corvids (it is hard to differentiate between the species as they seem to merge into one another, iconographically and semantically, see Pesch 2015a, 382–388) in Late Iron Age and Viking Period art can easily be linked to the Skaldic ʻbeasts of battleʼ topos (Oehrl 2020d, 455–457). In numerous accounts of battles in Old Norse (as well as Anglo-Saxon) poetry, the wolf, the raven, and the eagle are mentioned – they feast on the slain, eating the corpses on the battlefield and drinking the blood of fallen warriors in the aftermath of battle (Beck 1970, pp. 55–67; Honegger 1998; 2017; Jesch 2002; Albert 2014, pp. 129–195). A very common kenning for fighting and killing enemies in battle is, for instance, ʻto feed the eagleʼ (ǫrno seðia). Raptors (or corvids) in the context of combat and killing, which are undoubtedly associated with the literary ʻbeasts of battleʼ motif, are depicted on the Type C/D monuments GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. \n\nTheoretically, the bird images from Stenkyrka could also be interpreted as valkyries in the shape of crows or ravens. The affinity between the valkyries and carrion-eating birds is recorded in Old Norse literature (Egeler 2011, pp. 68–70). Apart from a number of other common features, corvid affinity links the Old Norse valkyries with female demons of death in the Celtic world and in the Mediterranean, particularly the Keres, Harpies, and Erinyes, who are associated with carrion-eating birds. The Erinyes appear as bird-human hybrid creatures that in Old English glossaries are designated wælcyrige, a term equivalent to the Old Norse valkyrja (Egeler 2009; 2011). Some of the raptors which Hauck regarded as representations of Óðinn, he later interpreted as ornithomorphic demons of death (e.g., Hauck 1988, 34). On valkyries in shape of aquatic birds see GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6. "
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"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
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"display_title": "GP0120",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf2, belonging to his period 2, which he dates to the Early Vendel Period. The simple ship depiction corresponds to a type labelled by Lindqvist as Rikvidetypus (ibid. I, p. 66). According to Vareniusʼ (1992, p. 63, fig. 26, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features of a simple rectangular sail, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. "
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"ai2:grave": [
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"@value": "The fragment was discovered by Fredrik Nordin in 1911. It was incorporated into the churchyard wall, west of the northern part of the west wall of the tower. According to Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, pp. 10–11), a wooden church at this spot was the very first church building in the entire northern part of Gotland. It has been replaced by a stone church in the first half of the 12th century, the foundations of which were discovered beneath the floor of the current church, which was built during the 13th century (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, p. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the politically and religiously important position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during large-scale restoration works, which were carried out in 1954/55. "
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"@value": "The fragment represents the entire head and a small part of the body/neck of a dwarf stone. Approximately the lower half of the monument is missing. A crack runs through the slab, separating it into a left and a right half, which was restored sometime after Lindqvistʼs publication. “Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The obverse is fairly smooth, but unhewn. The narrow sides are levelled at right angles towards the obverse. The reverse is rough. The head is 56 cm wide and 20 cm high. The stone’s total height along the middle is now 56 cm, the width of the neck is 50 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 117). The stoneʼs surface is somewhat weathered, in particular, its upper part. "
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 117) describes the carvings quite briefly: “The decoration consists of shallow, now very unclear lines. Apart from the framing border, the perhaps rich band pattern which cannot be interpreted, there is in the field, below a horizontal bar, a rectangle subdivided into four segments by a cross. In the upper panel, the remains of the image of a horseman can be discerned”. It is very hard to identify the carvings on the stone, and different interpretations are available (Oehrl 2019a, p. 66). The photo of the painted stone taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 and published by Lindqvist in his book (1941/42 II, fig. 499; ATA 1751:21) depicts a rudimentary horse with rider, the rectangle with the cross and an empty border. The horseman holds a lance. In an unpublished drawing by O. Sörling dating to 1911, only the framed cross and parts of the empty border can be seen, the equestrian is not depicted at all (ATA, run- och bildstenssamling). The current paint, however, which must have been applied to the stone several decades ago, shows a horseman with round shield and two visible legs, the framed cross, and parts of an interlace pattern filling the edge border (Oehrl 2019a, pl. 32b). "
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"@value": "Regarding the well-established eschatological interpretation of the horseman motif on Type C/D picture stones see GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. The small rectangular figure with diagonal lines below the horseman that can be labelled as a framed St. Andrewʼs cross has a remarkable counterpart on the Type B stone GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. Diagonal cross decoration is also depicted on the stones GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2. It has been argued that Continental models and Christian imagery influenced the iconography of the Type B dwarf stones, and that the sign of the cross and the Christogram were imitated by the Gotlandic stone masons. For more information on these possible Christian connections see GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2159",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dating between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. The head is quite broad and the body strongly widens towards the bottom. The shape is comparable to GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX. In Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typological study, both stones are labelled as outliers within the dwarf stone group. The fact that the horseman motif is unusual in ʻAbschnittʼ B, but one of the most frequent images of the Type C/D picture stones may indicate a relatively late date of these monuments, presumably the 7th century or around AD 700. "
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"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 117, fig. 499; Guber 2011, p. 65, fig. 29, p.144 cat. no. 69; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 63, 66, pl. 32a–b. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Stenkyrka, Kirche VI"
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1671"
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1911 i kyrkogårdsmuren precis väster om tornet. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotland Museum, magasinet på Visborgslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en dvärgsten (period B), bevarad längd 56 cm, största bredd 56 cm. Kantdekor samt överst en ryttare och därunder ett Andreaskors. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nAndreaskorset kan tyda på kontinentala kristna impulser. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "rectangle"
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"@value": "cross"
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{
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"@value": "horse"
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{
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"@value": "rider"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "spear"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA3VMT4rVThR5igEo_SC_tIAQzyD65tzC10C-5uFDz_b7Q?e=KHaHcP"
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"@value": "Försvunnen"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The stone and its discovery is reported in Per Arvid Säve’s Samlingar (I, p. 297; III p. 523) and in his Berättelser (1863 p. 211), based on information collected by his brother Carl. According to these notes, the stone was found in 1844 in a field close to the northern wall of the churchyard. The picture stone was re-used as cover slab over an inhumation grave at a depth of about 180 cm, with a covering stone layer above it. The grave was surrounded by flat stones. In the grave, only bones and a human skull were found. ‘Close by were several other, similar stone settings, in which admittedly no picture stones were encountered, but at least bronze objects. Thus, some bronze pins were unearthed, for instance, which I was able to purchase.’ The stone is supposed to have been lying on the churchyard wall right after its discovery in 1844. The only available picture documentation of the monument is represented by Per Arvid Säve’s drawing, which must have been executed between 1844 and about 1863. "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "According to the measurements given by Säve, the limestone slab’s maximum height was 3 fot and 4 tum (which was about 99 cm), its maximum width 1 fot and 10.5 tum (about 56 cm), and its thickness 2 tum (about 5 cm). The stone was completely preserved, including its root, and no damage is visible on Säve’s drawing or mentioned in the report. "
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"@value": "Per Arvid Säve’s drawing seems to be a bit idealized and simplified. According to Carl Säve, the chiseled drawings were quite clear, even though delicate and not deep. As far as it can be seen from the drawing, the stone was entirely framed by a border consisting of 4 to 5 parallel lines, which were partly segmented by some short vertical lines at the lateral edges, and a step pattern at the top of the upper edge. In the center of the image field, a heraldic shield decorated with a hatched rectangular field and remains of a cross can be seen, which certainly must be regarded as a late medieval or modern addition. Thus, the stone represents a kind of palimpsest. If the information about the find circumstances are correct, and if the drawing is reliable, however, the heraldic shield must have been carved after the discovery of the stone and before Per Arvid’s drawing, which means between 1844 and 1863. According to Carl’s notes, there seemed to be carvings above the shield as well. "
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"@value": "Based on Säve’s drawing, Lindqvist regards the stone as a middle-Type ʻdwarf stoneʼ (ʻAbschnittʼ B), dating between AD 500 and 700 (1941/42 I, p. 38). Even though the drawing appears not to be reliable in all respects, this is the most likely interpretation. The stone’s size, with less than 100 cm visible above ground, indicates a dwarf stone; the shape of the head could be described as convex with corners protruding horizontally; and the border decoration is geometrical and could represent a simple step pattern (simplified twisted cord), which is typical for Type B picture stones. \n\nThe stone is also included in Rundkvist’s typological study, however, with confusing and inconsistent details. In his catalogue about picture stones from graves, Rundkvist calls the monument a tall C/D stone (2012, p. 154), and in his table presenting typological data, he assigns it to his group dwarf4, however, based on obviously wrong data (ibid. p. 160). "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "yndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1844 på en åker nära den norra kyrkogårdsmuren till Stenkyrka kyrka. Bildstenen hade återanvänts som täckhäll till en stenkista. Efter upptäckten låg bildstenen på kyrkogården, men är idag försvunnen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nOkänd. \n\nBeskrivning \nTroligen en ”dvärgsten” (period B), cirka 99 cm hög och som bredast cirka 56 cm. Enligt en bild från 1844-63 var bildstenen omhuggen, med en bild av en heraldisk sköld. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"o:title": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX",
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"@value": "GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX"
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "In the churchyard of Stenkyrka church, next to the northern churchyard wall. "
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Churchyard"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fragment av en bildsten, som togs i förvar år 1936 av M. Stenberger. Den låg då vid kyrkans norra sida på kyrkans gräsmatta."
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],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "No"
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "Regarding the discovery, Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 117) notes: “Fragment of a picture stone that in 1936 was taken charge of by M. Stenberger. At the time, it was lying on the grass of the cemetery, on the north side of the church. As it was not covered by moss and lichen, it probably had been found there a short time before during some excavation.” In Stenbergerʼs report, however, it is said that the slab was lying in the churchyard just next to the northern churchyard wall (ATA dnr 3609). The carvings were traced with paint by Sune Lindqvist right after the stoneʼs discovery in 1936. \n\nAccording to Guta saga (ch. 3; Peel 1999, pp. 10–11), a wooden church at this spot was the very first church building in the entire northern part of Gotland. It was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the 12th century, the foundations of which were discovered beneath the flooring of the current church, which was built during the 13th century (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, p. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the politically and religiously important position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during large-scale restoration works, which were carried out in 1954/55. "
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, about 10 cm thick. The obverse is smooth and slightly curved. The narrow sides are hewn for a width of about 7 cm, at right angles towards the obverse. A chamfer, not quite 1 cm wide, is between the narrow sides and the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. Just above the base, the width is 45 cm, at the upper broken edge, it is 44 cm. The surviving part of the field is approximately 37 cm high. Decorated with fine, shallow, chiseled lines and with background fields that were carved 1–2 mm deep.” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 117–118). Both narrow sides are preserved; however, the upper part as well as the root of the picture stone are broken off. The slab is more or less rectangular. The carvings are remarkably fine and well-preserved. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "51"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "46"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
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],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 118) describes the carvings very briefly: “In the middle, what probably is the body and tail of a bird can be seen, to each side of it are Style II animal ornaments. Further down are two different borders with band patterns.” \n\nThe body, wings and tail of a Style II raptor appear to be depicted, with serpent-shaped Style II ornaments to each side of it. Further down, two horizontal borders are placed, a short one with a zig-zag pattern and a longer one with a ribbon (twisted cord) pattern at the bottom. The bird is situated in the centre and framed in a way that makes it seem almost emblematic. It is portrayed frontally, with its small wings protruding from each side of the body, and a tail consisting of a loop with crossed legs. Unfortunately, the head of the bird is missing. Suitable parallels can be found among the group of Migration Period and Early Medieval bird brooches. \n\nHowever, as the animalʼs body and wings are very slim, and as a further wing-like extension can be seen in the otherwise destroyed head area of the ʻbirdʼ, pointing downwards, it is possible that this figure should be regarded as a fish-like creature with two pairs of fins rather than a raptor. Those sea creatures frequently occur on Migration Period gold bracteates but in particular among the Vendel Period shield mounts (Dickinson 2011, figs. 6c–d, 7a–f, 8a–e, 10a) – the specimens from the 7th century Anglo-Saxon princely ship burial at Sutton Hoo (Suffolk, East Anglia) represent the best parallel to the Stenkyrka figure (ibid. pl. 2c, figs. 7e, 10a, the latter also features a loop-shaped tail as the Stenkyrka creature, while the loop with crossed legs normally represents the folded wings of animal-style raptors, not their tail). On the other hand, the additional extension could be regarded as the stylized neck feathers of a raptor, as occasionally depicted in Style II, including the raptor-shaped shield fitting from Sutton Hoo (Hauck 1983a, p. 534). \n\nThere is only one more Type B picture stone featuring the depiction of a raptor – stone no. IV from Stenkyrka church. In this case, the figure represents a typical Style II image of a striking raptor in profile, right above a sailing ship. It seems as if the giant raptor attacks the vessel as though it was a prey animal. Migration Period bird brooches and raptor-shaped fittings from the Vendel Period are as close parallels. For more information see GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV. "
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"@value": "Hauck (1983a, pp. 534–535) interprets both the striking Style II raptor shown in profile on GP 365 Stenkyrka kyrka IV and the emblematic en face depiction of a ʻraptorʼ on GP 368 Stenkyrka kyrka IX as depictions of the chief god Wodan/Óðinn, acting in the shape of an eagle. This interpretation is based on his research on the iconology of the Migration Period gold bracteates (Hauck 1972, pp. 52–53, 56–58, 64–65, fig. 8, pl. I, 1a–b, pl. III, 3a–b, pl. IV, 4; 1982c, p. 322, fig. 3a; 1986b, pp. 294–296, figs. 5–6), the older futhark inscription on the Eggja rune stone, and Old Norse literature. \n\nThe Eggja rune stone (NiæR 55) was found in 1917 during ploughing near the farm Eggja (Eggjum) in Sogndal kommune, Sogn og Fjordane county (today Vestland county). The slab covered a 7th-century burial, the inscription facing downwards. The runic inscription is badly preserved and its meaning controversially discussed. It appears to be written in metrical form, and thus regarded as an exceptional early piece of skaldic poetry. Most runologists agree that the inscription reflects a kind of ritual which was performed when the grave slab was carved, probably including a curse against potential grave robbers. In addition, according to runologist Wolfgang Krause (KJ 101), the inscription contains the following sequence: ʻAs who came the army-god hither onto the land of warriors? A fish swimming out of the terrible stream, a bird screaming into the enemy band.ʼ The term ʻarmy-godʼ hæráss is recorded in Old Norse poetry as a name (heiti) of the god Óðinn. Thus, according to Krause’s interpretation of the Eggja inscription, this deity comes to the land of the living in shape of a fish or an eagle probably in order to take the deceased to the afterlife. However, it must be stressed that the transliteration and actual meaning of the inscription is still disputed and unclear in many respects (see in particular Høst 1986). \n\nThere are numerous birds to be observed on the gold bracteates, which are frequently interpreted as ravens, although many of them have large, hooked beaks indicating raptors. In most cases, the birds closely accompany the central human figure, which should be regarded as an indigenous deity, probably the chief god, Wodan/Óðinn. The birds’ heads are intimately turned toward the god’s face, as if they would communicate with each other (Hauck 1977a; Heizmann 2007b, pp. 19–32; Pesch 2018, pp. 435–436). Frequently, the god’s headgear turns into a bird of prey. Occasionally, it seems as if the entire human figure merges with that of a bird (Hauck 1972) while some bracteates only depict the raptor, without any human features. Occasionally, it attacks a strange reptile-like monster (IK 413 Bohuslän-D) or a fish-like creature (IK 33 British Museum-C)..In Hauck’s opinion, those raptors represent Óðinn fighting animal-shaped demons (Hauck 1986a, p. 493, fig. 3; cf. IK 616). The eagle who kills a serpent is a wide-spread symbol representing divine victory over the evil (Wittkower 1939, pp. 294–325). Zeus/Jupiter also is frequently depicted in shape of an eagle, fighting a snake, and this motif is also adopted by Christian tradition, as symbol of Christ who defeats the devil (Oehrl 2015a, p. 481; 2020d, p. 460). \n\nAccording to the medieval written sources, Odin is indeed able to turn into an eagle, and some of the god’s numerous names refer to his affinity with the raptor – he is called Arnhǫfði (ʻthe eagle-headedʼ) or just Ǫrn (ʻeagleʼ) (Falk 1924, p. 41; Ellmers 1970, pp. 264–271, 275–277; Hauck 1972; 1980a, pp. 245–246, 267, 281, 283–285; 1982c, pp. 321–323; 1986b, pp. 278–280; 1988, pp. 34–36; Dickinson 2011, pp. 648–647). In order to escape from the giant Suttungr after he had stolen the mead of poetry, Óðinn took shape of an eagle (Skáldskaparmál 1 – Faulkes 1998, pp. 3–5; Hávamál stanzas 13, 14, 104–110 – Neckel/Kuhn 1983, pp. 19, 33–34; Berudrápa stanza 56 – Sigurður Nordal 1933, p. 276). Against this background, the runic inscription on a bracteate from Revsgård in Denmark (Jutland, IK 145) is of particular interest. A short sequence ara (Old Norse ari), probably meaning ʻeagleʼ, is clear and legible (Nedoma 2018, p. 1590). Unfortunately, the runic sequence on the opposite side of the god’s head remains less clear. However, it possibly contains the word haitika, a present tense first-person singular form of a verb that means ʻto be calledʼ. As a result, the inscription could be understood as: Ara haitika ʻEagle I am calledʼ or just ʻI am Eagleʼ – a self-proclamation of the runic writer or rather of the supreme god Odin himself (Düwel 2015 [1984], pp. 163–164; Oehrl 2020d, p. 455). \n\nAs a result, Hauck regards the Style II raptors depicted on the Type B picture stones from Stenkyrka church as mythological representations, as epiphanies of the supreme god Wodan/Óðinn, possibly acting as a psychopomp, a guide for the dead. Perhaps, on the stone no. IV, the god aims at the ship of the dead, taking possession of the vessel, and accompanying its crew to the world of the dead? However, the basis of this interpretation is rather sparse, the argumentation hypothetical. \n\nImages of raptors and corvids (it is hard to differentiate between both species as they seem to merge into one another, iconographically and semantically, see Pesch 2015a, 382–388) in Late Iron Age and Viking Period art can easily be linked to the Skaldic ʻbeasts of battleʼ topos (Oehrl 2020d, 455–457). In numerous accounts of battles in Old Norse (as well as Anglo-Saxon) poetry, the wolf, the raven, and the eagle are mentioned – they feast on the slain, eating the corpses on the battlefield and drinking the blood of fallen warriors in the aftermath of battle (Beck 1970, pp. 55–67; Honegger 1998; 2017; Jesch 2002; Albert 2014, pp. 129–195). A very common kenning for fighting and killing enemies in battle is, for instance, ʻto feed the eagleʼ (ǫrno seðia). Raptors (or corvids) in the context of combat and killing, which are undoubtedly associated with the literary ʻbeasts of battleʼ motif, are depicted on the Type C/D monuments GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. \n\nTheoretically, the bird images from Stenkyrka could also be interpreted as valkyries in the shape of crows or ravens. The affinity between the valkyries and carrion-eating birds is well-recorded in Old Norse literature (Egeler 2011, pp. 68–70). Apart from a number of other common features, corvid affinity links the Old Norse valkyries with female demons of death in the Celtic world and in the Mediterranean, particularly the Keres, Harpies, and Erinyes, who are associated with carrion-eating birds. The Erinyes appear as bird-human hybrid creatures that in Old English glossaries are designated wælcyrige, a term equivalent to the Old Norse valkyrja (Egeler 2009; 2011). Actually, some of the raptors which Hauck regarded as representations of Óðinn, he later interpreted as ornithomorphic demons of death (e.g., Hauck 1988, 34). On valkyries in shape of aquatic birds see GP 341 Sanda kyrka I, GP 91 Fröjel Bottarve, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6. \n\nHowever, possibly, the fragmented animal depicted on Stenkyrka kyrka IX represents a fish-like aquatic creature rather than a bird of prey (see VI). As noted before, similar sea creatures occur on the Migration Period gold bracteates, occasionally attacked by a raptor. In Hauck’s opinion, those raptors represent Óðinn fighting animal-shaped demons (1986a, p. 493, fig. 3). In this way, he also interprets the group of raptor-, serpent-, and fish-shaped Vendel Period shield mounts (1980a, pp. 274–286; 1982c, pp. 321–328). However, there are alternative, perhaps more plausible interpretations to be considered (Dickinson 2005, 152–160; Dickinson 2011, 644–650) – an eagle striking a fish on the shield of an Anglo-Saxon warlord of the 7th century could be regarded as a Christian symbol. Alternatively, predators including eagle, serpent and fish of prey can easily be understood as martial signs and military insignia, without any religious connections. Regarding fish-shaped demons in pagan and Christian contexts, see also GP 110 Gothem kyrka III. "
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"@value": "Gotländskt Arkiv X, 1938, p. 109, fig. 10 (Meddelanden); Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 89, 116–117; II, p. 116–117, figs. 47, 53; Hauck 1983a, pp. 534–535, pl. XVIII.40; Guber 2011, p. 144 cat. no. 70; Oehrl 2019a, p. 11, pl. 2k; in print b. "
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nObserverades 1936, då bildstenen låg på den norra sidan av kyrkan vid kyrkogårdsmuren. Eftersom stenen saknade lav och mossa har den troligen grävts upp på kyrkogården något tidigare. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotland Museum, magasinet på Visborgslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDelar av en dvärgsten (period B), bevarad längd 37 cm, största bredd 45 cm. Kantdekor och en rovfågel med ormliknande ornament på ömse sidor av fågeln. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nMöjligen kan rovfågeln symbolisera en valkyria. \n\nAA "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, next to a stone mound. "
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"@value": "Hittades omkullfallen, 50 m norr om den nordöstra kanten av en stensättning. Bredvid sten nr III. Framsidan mot Norr"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m) and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published 19 picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908. The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV was collected by Svensson near the road in the southern part of the grave field (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). The slab “[…] was found fallen over in the vicinity of the northeast edge of a damaged stone mound of approximately 9 m in diameter, 50 m north of the stone setting next to which [GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] III was found. The stone seems to have stood with the obverse towards the north” (ibid. 123). The picture stones I–VI (SHM 13742) were delivered to Statens Historiska Museum by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). "
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"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
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"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
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"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
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"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434",
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"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436",
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"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437",
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"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438",
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"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2439",
"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 17 cm thick. The obverse is quite even, with the exception of the root, the unevenness of which, however, could also be due to weathering; […] the narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The stone’s total length is 137 cm, the height above the base probably is 95 cm. The head is 68 cm wide, the neck 55 cm, and the base 70 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 123). The monument is completely preserved, only the right corner of the root is broken off. Furthermore, the root is damaged by a wide vertical fissure. Another crack can be seen at the stone’s left-hand edge. The surface is dark grey, dirty, and much weathered. "
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "137"
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],
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"property_id": 299,
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"@value": "70"
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"ai2:material": [
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"property_id": 301,
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"@value": "Limestone"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The stone is not painted, and Olof Sörling’s sketch-like drawing published in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 513), which does not depict any carvings, is the only documentation available. An early photograph of the stone kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 594:14) does not reveal any decoration as well. Nevertheless, there are a few remains of the decoration discernable on the stone, which are described by Lindqvist as follows: “Of the decoration essentially only the remains of an 11–12 cm wide framing border (with ribbon pattern?) on the stone’s left side and of the hull (and the sail?) of a watercraft in the field below a horizontal border at the level of the stone’s neck can be discerned” (ibid. pp. 123–124). Lindqvist compares these carvings with the decoration of GP 238 Lokrume Lauks. "
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2284",
"value_resource_id": 2284,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2284",
"display_title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/154b5c379faa278dfcec5cc12e01e7b089eb5780.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0238.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e. Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and pronounced corners protruding horizontally. He does not assign it to any subgroup. Regarding the shape, stones like GP 193 Hellvi Ire III and GP 74 Endre skog are good parallels. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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{
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"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m) and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published 19 picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones VII–IX were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1914 (Fornvännen 1915, p. 30; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII was found next to grave no. 2 (ibid. fig. 508). “It lay just outside of the east edge of the carefully built wall of the stone mound [35 cm beneath the ground] and was covered with stones and gravel. The obverse was facing up, and the head pointed south” (ibid. 124). The grave mound (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 660) was about 4 m in diameter and featured a kerb, a surrounding wall consisting of 10–12 layers of limestone slabs. An incomplete 20 x 60 m stone cist was incorporated into the southern part of the mound’s wall; it contained burned human bones and Viking Age objects such as two animal head brooches, fish-head pendants, other kinds of pendants, beads, and knives (ibid.) (SHM 15227:2b). A third animal head brooch was found close to the picture stone in the gravel (SHM 15227:2d). Just at the south edge of the mound, an erected limestone slab was located. "
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"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
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"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
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"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
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"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
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"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438",
"value_resource_id": 2438,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2438",
"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
"value_resource_id": 2439,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2439",
"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
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{
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
"value_resource_id": 2440,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick. The obverse has little humps and certainly is not hewn. The narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height is 100 cm, of which about 75 are accounted for by the part above the root. The head is 37 cm wide, the neck 30 cm, and the base 49 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 124). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, including the root. A diagonal crack runs through the surface, dividing it into an upper and a lower half. The stone is much weathered and eroded. "
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "100"
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "49"
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"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
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"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is not painted, Lindqvist only reproduces a photo of the unpainted monument and a drawing made by Olof Sörling (1941/42 II, figs. 515, 517). The photo, which was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933, does not reveal many remains of carvings; only the inner frame of the border decoration can partly be discerned (cf. ATA 1718:29). A photo from 1925, on which even fewer details are visible, is kept in ATA as well (594:37b). Sörling’s drawing, however, depicts a female figure in the stone’s head panel, with raised hand, as if holding a drinking vessel. Lindqvist (ibid. p. 125) describes the carvings as follows: “The stone is decorated with carved lines and faintly chiseled background fields. Inside of the 8–9 cm wide border, which appeared to have contained a ribbon pattern, are two panels that are separated from each other by a horizontal bar some considerable distance below the neck. The upper panel contains the image of a human, probably a woman, who, according to OS’s [i.e., Olof Sörling’s] drawing, is walking towards the left, but perhaps ought to be envisaged as walking in the opposite direction instead. In the lower panel, there obviously was the image of a ship with a sail with rhombic pattern.” The depiction of a single human figure in the head panel of a picture stone is a remarkable and unparalleled feature. The sailing ship and the ribbon pattern of the framing border observed by Lindqvist, however, are not depicted by Sörling and hard to verify. "
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],
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or perhaps even E. Those stones, with only few remains of decoration are left, can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and about AD 1100. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII to ʻAbschnittʼ C, which he dates to the time around AD 700. According to recent research, however, those monuments must be dated between the 8th and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 160) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). The objects found in the stone cist (see IV), which seems to be incorporated into the mound in a later period, can be dated to the 10th century. Animal-head brooches of the type found close to the picture stone (Type 5a) can be dated to the 10th and 11th centuries (Periods VIII:2–3). "
}
],
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"type": "customvocab:3",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1915, p. 30; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 124–125, figs. 508, 515, 517; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 660; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 485 cat. no. 835. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs VII"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4901",
"value_resource_id": 4901,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4901",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0370",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0370_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "282"
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"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15227"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1914. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nSvampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD), 100 cm hög och som bredast 49 cm. Bildstenen består av två bildfält, i det övre en stående människa, kanske en kvinna, i det nedre fältet svaga spår av ett skepp med segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sail"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "woman"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "dress"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "long hair"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "arm"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6410855"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "710614"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAsx8pIpTbASblpodHfobG4ASA0uG16y_QC55s4SV0Jz6s?e=Vv1YrC"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0370"
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"property_label": "Links",
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],
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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],
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "Yes?"
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published 19 picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in loco (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones VII–IX were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1914 (Fornvännen 1915, p. 30; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). The picture stone fragment Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX was found next to grave mound no. 6 (ibid. fig. 508). It lay close to the southeast edge of the small stone mound, in which no finds were discovered (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 661). The mound featured a surrounding wall of limestone slabs and was about 2.4 m in diameter. "
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"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
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"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
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"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
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"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
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"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
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"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
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"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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"@value": "The fragment represents the upper part of a small picture stone, probably its entire decorated part without the root. Lindqvist reproduces a photo of the unpainted stone and a photo of the painted stone (1941/42 I, fig. 63; II, fig. 518). The pictures were taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 and 1937, respectively (ATA 1718:27b; B3:89a). The preserved slab is broken almost vertically into two pieces, a left half and a right half. Furthermore, the left half of the stone is divided by a diagonal crack into an upper and a lower half. The latter crack, however, was not depicted by Sörling in his 1913 drawing of the stone (ATA, Run- och bildstenssamling), so it might have occurred later. Lindqvist describes as follows: “Limestone slab, 6 cm thick. The obverse is in parts quite smooth and perhaps hewn. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse and to a certain degree chamfered towards it. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone is incompletely preserved to a height of 57 cm. Between the upper corners, the width is 51 cm, at the narrowest place further down, it is 45 cm” (ibid. II, p. 125). The surface of the stone is weathered. \n\n“The great similarity regarding the border pattern (see VI) between this stone and [GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] XVII suggests that both stones were executed by the same person. Considering the circumstances of the discoveries, the possibility may even be taken into consideration that the two stones originally were part of the same monument” (ibid.). According to Lindqvist, it turned out, however, that a cast made of GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII in Gotlands Fornsal did not match the fragment Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX which is kept in SHM. “Therefore, I rather tend towards the opinion that No. IX never had a decorated field that was larger than that preserved today and therefore cannot have constituted the upper part of No. XVII. The part of the border that has the runes [see VIII] probably belonged to the root” (ibid.). "
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"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"@value": "57"
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"@value": "6"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "According to Lindqvist’s painted version, the stone is framed by an 8 cm wide border which features an interlace pattern consisting of s-shaped elements with slightly chiselled background fields; “[…] in continuation of the pattern, there perhaps are in the lower right corner several indistinct runes” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 125). In the main field, there are only “indistinct contours of a horse” (ibid.) discernible. A drawing made by O. Sörling in 1913 (ATA, Run- och bildstenssamling), however, only depicts a very small part of the interlace pattern at the right edge of the slab, followed by rune-like carvings. The horse, which is clearly depicted by Lindqvist, was not considered by Sörling. Instead, he drew parts of a simple horizontal border, dividing the decorated surface into a very narrow upper and a larger lower panel. The horse and the border can be perfectly confirmed using the 3D model."
}
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"@value": "The monument belongs to a small group of late-type picture stones (Type C according to Lindqvist) with slightly convex head and corners protruding at right angles to the body. Best examples are GP 185 Hejnum Rings, GP 37 Bro Eriks I, GP 45 Bro Eriks II, and GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1 (and the Type E stone GP 32 Boge kyrka, which represents a palimpsest). This head shape corresponds to certain Type B ʻdwarf stonesʼ. Therefore, Lindqvist (ibid. p. 46) regards those Type C monuments as a “Hybridgruppe”, probably representing a phase of transition between ʻAbschnittʼ B and C. If this interpretation is correct, those monuments could be regarded as the earliest late-type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or possibly around 700. This dating corresponds to the result of Martin Rundqvist (2012, p. 159), who assigns GP 185 Hejnum Rings to his typological group tall2, dating to the Late Vendel Period. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 106) dates the stone to the late 7th or early 8th century. Sonja Guber, however, regards the Lillbjärs stone as a Type B monument (2011, p. 57). "
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"display_title": "GP 185 Hejnum Rings",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0185A.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2084",
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"display_title": "GP0037",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2092",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2092",
"display_title": "GP0045",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2237",
"value_resource_id": 2237,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2237",
"display_title": "GP 191 Hejnum Mallgårds 1",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0191.JPG",
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{
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2079",
"value_resource_id": 2079,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2079",
"display_title": "GP 32 Boge kyrka",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0032A.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The structures referred to by Lindqvist as possible runes are actually recognisable on the original. On a small part of the edge border, in the lower right corner of the slab, in continuation of the interlace pattern, 5–7 vertical lines (staves?) of different length can be seen, however, no twigs are discernable with certainty. Both Sörling's drawing and Lindqvist's painting of the stone seem to indicate a few short twigs; Lindqvist even marks a symbol that resembles the u-rune. However, it cannot be verified that these weathered and rudimentary carvings are actually runes, even with the help of 3D technology."
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1915, p. 30; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 46, fig. 63; II, p. 125, figs. 508, 518; Guber 2011, pp. 57, 147 cat. no. 76). "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs IX"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4902",
"value_resource_id": 4902,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4902",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0371",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0371_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "284"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15227:6"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1914. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nDelvis bevarad hybrid ”dvärgsten” (period B-C), 57 cm hög och som bredast 51 cm. Bildstenen har en kantdekor och ett bildfält med möjligen konturerna av en häst. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nInskrift \nMöjligen spår av en runinskrift \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6410855"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "710614"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAsx8pIpTbASblpodHfobG4ASA0uG16y_QC55s4SV0Jz6s?e=Vv1YrC"
}
],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415",
"o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2411",
"o:title": "GP 366 Stenkyrka kyrka VI"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4902",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0371"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/250",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 250,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416",
"o:id": 2416
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.790101605741064,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.543403860250464,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2417",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2417,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:16+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T12:23:49+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3976",
"o:id": 3976
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3976",
"o:id": 3976
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0372"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Lilla Bjärs necropolis in Stenkyrka parish, lying right next to a stone mound. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hittades vid undersökning av grav 23 i det stora gravfältet vid Lillbjärs"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m) and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published 19 picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones X–XIV were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and 1914 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1916 (Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118–121). The picture stone slab Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII was found in 1914 during Nordin’s excavation of grave mound no. 23, next to its walled edge (ibid. II, pp. 121, 126, figs. 509; see also Nordin’s report in ATA dnr 599/16). The surrounding wall of the mound, which contained a cremation burial, consisted of 5 to 7 layers of limestone slabs. Lindqvist notes (1941/42 II, p. 121): “Close to grave 23, the wall of which had a diameter of 4 m, sat the grave orb [gravklot] that was decorated with a cross on its top [ibid. I, fig. 212], in an inclined position, leaning against the north-east edge of the wall at the same level as the wall’s base. There also was, on the south side, the picture stone No. XIII, the obverse facing upwards. The objects found in the grave indicated a date in the later part of the 8th century.” Among the Vendel Period grave goods found in or in the context of the mound (SHM 15645:11a–b) are an animal head brooch and a key (Nerman 1969/75, Grf. 367; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 662). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414",
"value_resource_id": 2414,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2414",
"display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415",
"value_resource_id": 2415,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2415",
"display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416",
"value_resource_id": 2416,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2416",
"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422",
"value_resource_id": 2422,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2422",
"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423",
"value_resource_id": 2423,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2423",
"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424",
"value_resource_id": 2424,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2424",
"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
"value_resource_id": 2425,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2425",
"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
"value_resource_id": 2426,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2426",
"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
"value_resource_id": 2433,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434",
"value_resource_id": 2434,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2434",
"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
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"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 121, 126, figs. 509, 520. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "15645:116"
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAMU23coP-TS7LfPBPDaIr7AQ510GXuaqyCDOYBSqfydxY?e=DjLQJD"
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"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
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{
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"@value": "Grave"
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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],
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "Yes?"
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m) and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published 19 picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThere is hardly any information about the find circumstances of stone no. XIX. Lindqvist (1942/42 II, p. 128) only notes that it “[…] first was observed by Ms. Ada Gardell, Vallstena, ‘on a grave near the path through the grave field not far from Äuglehaug’ (reported in 1927 by B. Bergman). In 1940, it was rediscovered in the garden of the of Mr. Harry Andersson belonging to Tuna farm. M. Stenberger very kindly provided the information below as well as a photograph.” There are some more stone monuments kept in Harry Andersson’s garden. He also discovered GP 399 Stenkyrka Tystebols III and took it home to his farmstead Tune/Stenstugu (RAÄ 18:2). According to the 1976 inventory it was incorporated into a rock garden, together with Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX (RAÄ 18:1) a gravklot (18:3), and a stone with grinding grooves (svärdslipningssten). Interestingly, the brief description of the find spot “on a grave near the path through the grave field not far from Äuglehaug” is almost the same as noted for †GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV. "
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"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2444",
"o:title": "GP 399 Stenkyrka Tystebols III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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],
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},
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},
{
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"o:id": 2419,
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 374 Stenkyrka Tystebols I",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/44621bee2a49470d94cd61e60ce4a6d0ac133a55.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/44621bee2a49470d94cd61e60ce4a6d0ac133a55.jpg"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4349",
"o:id": 4349
},
"o:media": [
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],
"o:item_set": [],
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 374 Stenkyrka Tystebols I"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0374"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "K-Samsök",
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"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/6d4ec377-1516-44c9-83a8-ea5c5c964bfc",
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"@value": "ʻNyängʼ near Tystebols gård in Stenkyrka parish. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Private Property"
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],
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{
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"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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"@value": "Stenkyrka Tystebols"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Hittades på Nyäng nord ost om gården, nära gravfältet Lillbjärs"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
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"@value": "Bunge"
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"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bungemuseet"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bungemuseet 945"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "“This stone was found in 1911 by the farmer C. O. Högberg in Nyäng, northeast of the farm, not far from the large grave field at Lillbjärs. It rested on the clay under the soil, with several stoned surrounding it, but without evidence of a burial” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 130). The stone has been re-erected in the open-air museum in Bunge where it is still standing in the open. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The slab represents an entirely preserved picture stone including the root (see Sörling’s drawing in Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 531), which, however, is not visible today but buried in the ground. “Limestone slab, 15 cm thick in the middle, 20 cm at the root. The obverse is quite flat, the narrow sides are convex, dressed and rounded towards the back, without chamfers. The reverse is rough. The stone’s total height is 105 cm, of which 80 cm are above the root. The width between the upper corners is 56 cm, at the narrowest place of the body, it is 50 cm, and 57 cm at the base” (ibid. p. 130). Apparently, in Lindqvist’s days the carvings were still discernible. Today, however, due to its placement in the open, the monument is much weathered, overgrown with lichens, and partly damaged. Some remains of the secondary paint can still be observed. "
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "105"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "57"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "15"
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"ai2:material": [
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "“Of the decoration, only indistinct remains can be distinguished, i.e., mainly portions of a roundel with a diameter of 33 cm containing a whorl motif” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 130). The roundel is simply carved into the stone and appears unfinished. The whorl consists of six crescent-shaped segments, which have never been chiseled. Lindqvist published a photo of the painted stone, which depicts large parts of the roundel (ibid. I, fig. 29; ATA 1718:39), as well as a drawing made by Olof Sörling, which does not depict any remains of the decoration (ibid. II, fig. 531). "
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],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "The whorl motif indicates an early-type dwarf stone, i.e., Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist assigns the stone to his ʻBurstypusʼ (1941/42 I, p. 28), named after GP 53 Burs kyrka I. This type represents the group of Type A ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex upper edge and decoration corresponding to the large Type A monuments, forming “miniature forms” of them (ibid. 31). According to Hauck’s typology (1983a, pp. 543–544), with the whorl as main motif, the dwarf stone from Tystebols belongs to the Havor-I-Typus (Typus IV). Nevertheless, the outline shape of the Tystebols stone, a strongly convex upper edge with pronounced corners protruding horizontally, indicates a Type B stone, dating between AD 500 and 700. Possibly, the monument should be regarded as a kind of hybrid and/or transitional form. "
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"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
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"value_resource_id": 2100,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2100",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 29; II, p. 130, fig. 531; Guber 2011, p. 149 cat. no. 79. "
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],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1975:9235"
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"ai2:raaID": [
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"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bunge 146"
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"ai2:slID": [
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Tystebols I"
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{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4905",
"value_resource_id": 4905,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4905",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0374",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0374_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "297"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 333,
"property_label": "Other ID",
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"@value": "Bungemuseet 945"
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1911 i Nyäng nordost om gården Tystebols. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nBunge Museum \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad tidig liten bildsten (period A), 105 cm lång och som bredast 57 cm. Idag är stenen vittrad och övervuxen av lav, men tidigare undersökningar visar att det fanns en stor virvel inristad på övre delen av stenen. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 400-500-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
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{
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "whorl"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6419534"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "738968"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDVacpwIKniSodmcbJHsnmfAYlKK-LH6kOTme9lky240xE?e=8Ycuq6"
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],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2251",
"o:title": "GP 205 Hogrän Tomsarve"
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],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4905",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0374"
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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],
"o:id": 2429,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 384 Stenkyrka kyrka V",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/130bb4c855db3714d34cf1fd64160e13405acc5c.jpg"
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"o:created": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
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"o:id": 4357
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"o:media": [
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"o:site": [
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"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 384 Stenkyrka kyrka V"
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"dcterms:identifier": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0384"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In the churchyard wall of Stenkyrka church. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Churchyard"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka"
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Denna sten fanns av Fredrik Nordin i kyrkogårdsmuren tämligen exakt söder om korgaveln"
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],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is not much information about the origin of the stone. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 116), it was discovered by Fredrik Nordin, incorporated into the churchyard wall, precisely south of the nave’s gable. \n\nThe earliest church at this place was probably a wooden building that was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the twelfth century. The foundations of the first stone church have been discovered beneath the floor of the current church, built during the thirteenth century. The tower with its portal was erected between 1280 and 1310 (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, pp. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). In his book “Gotlands Bildsteine”, Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the political and religious position that Stenkyrka probably held even before the first church was built (see Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during a large-scale restoration, which was carried out in 1954/55 according to plans by the architect Rolf Bergh. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 8 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The head is 43 cm wide and 24 cm high. The surviving height of the stone is 44 cm, the width of the neck is 33 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 116). The fragment represents the semi-circular head of a small picture stone as well as insignificant part of its neck. There are smaller damages at the convex edge, the left corner is broken off, and the right corner badly damaged as well. "
}
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"type": "literal",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 116–117) describes the remaining carvings as follows: “The decoration is executed with shallow lines and partially with chiselled background fields. The imagery and the border’s pattern cannot be identified anymore with any certainty. There seemed to have been a horizontal border at the level of the neck.” Lindqvist only reproduces a sketch-like drawing of the stone, depicting nothing more than its outline (ibid. fig. 493). A photo of the painted stone kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 1751:22a [H. Faith Ell 1933]), however, shows the inner and outer framing lines of the border, as well as some single lines and fields of the bas-relief inside the image field. "
}
],
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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],
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Lindqvist regards the fragment as the head part of a middle-Type ʻdwarf stoneʼ (ʻAbschnittʼ B), dating between AD 500 and 700, however, without assigning it to any subgroup and without giving reasons for his opinion (1941/42 I, p. 38). It could also represent a mushroom-shaped late-type dwarf stone, belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C–E, dating between the 8th century and around AD 1100. "
}
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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{
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 116–117, fig. 493. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Stenkyrka, Kirche V"
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFC1669"
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"type": "resource:item",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4915",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0384_RGB.nxz",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "233"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades i slutet av 1800-talet eller början av 1900-talet i kyrkogårdsmuren rakt söder om Stenkyrka kyrkas långhus gavel. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av ”dvärgsten” (period B eller CD). Bevarad höjd 44 cm och största bredd 43 cm. Endast kantdekoration bevarad. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "695514"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBl2FvSWICMQ7MDTC8THJASAYVIq2ojG6QI9TFfwXcUIw0?e=uIJu1d"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2429",
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"o:id": 2433,
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4363",
"o:id": 4363
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"o:media": [
{
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"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0388"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, between two stone mounds. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs"
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],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Historiska Museet"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number has been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908. The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I was found by Svensson in the centre of the grave field, lying between the edges of two stone mounds, with its obverse facing downwards (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 121). The exact find place and context, however, cannot be determined. The picture stones I–VI (SHM 13742) were delivered to Statens Historiska Museum by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). "
},
{
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"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2414",
"value_resource_id": 2414,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV",
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"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2417",
"value_resource_id": 2417,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2417",
"display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0372.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422",
"value_resource_id": 2422,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2422",
"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423",
"value_resource_id": 2423,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2423",
"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424",
"value_resource_id": 2424,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2424",
"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
"value_resource_id": 2425,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2425",
"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
"value_resource_id": 2426,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2426",
"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434",
"value_resource_id": 2434,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2434",
"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436",
"value_resource_id": 2436,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2436",
"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg",
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437",
"value_resource_id": 2437,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438",
"value_resource_id": 2438,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2438",
"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
"value_resource_id": 2439,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2439",
"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
"value_resource_id": 2440,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 7 cm thick at the bottom, 3 cm at the top. The obverse is naturally even, the narrow sides are partly hewn at right angles towards both broad sides, partly merely roughly hewn in shape. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height is 77.5 cm, of which 60 cm are accounted for by the part above the lower edge of the decoration. The width of the head is 31 cm, that of the neck 28 cm, of the base 44 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 121–122). The monument is completely preserved, including the root; only the head’s left edge is a bit damaged. The very fine carvings are well preserved, there are no traces of severe weathering or abrasion. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "78"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "44"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist describes the carvings as follows (1941/42 II, p. 122): “The decoration was executed with thin lines probably drawn with the point of a knife and in general then deepened by means of a chisel. The chisel did not always follow the sketch lines precisely, however, which accordingly in some places can still be seen clearly. Parts of the background field below the horizontal border have been chiseled. The overall impression is that of the work of a hasty hand, though one belonging to an experienced master. The horseman filling the entire lower panel wears a helmet or a hood and carries a shield and two spears. In one hand, he holds the reins. In the background field above and behind him are triangular shapes. Below the horse’s belly, a symbolic figure is shown that apparently is composed of three triangles. The horizontal border has a peculiar interlace pattern, while the narrow framing border and the upper panel feature no carved decoration.” As the fine preparatory carvings are so well-preserved in the lower field and the stone is not weathered at all, the upper field appears to have never been decorated. Probably, the picture stone is unfinished. \n\nThere are two painted versions of the stone documented, a photo taken by H. Andersson in 1930 (ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 1310:26; cf. Lindqvist 1933, fig. 12) and a picture taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937 (ATA 1820:18), the latter of which has been reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 I, figs. 103, 110). A detailed drawing by O. Sörling is dated to 1909 (ATA 2440:24; cf. ibid. II, fig. 510); pictures of the unpainted stones are provided by Lindqvist (ibid. I, figs. 109, 113; see also ATA 1820:17, 1820:25–26, 1831:33. Essentially, these documentations correspond to each other. Most notable are the very detailed depictions of the equestrian’s face and hand, as well as the fact that the outline of the shield crosses the back of the horse. Those intersections are remarkable, as they possibly indicate a kind of preliminary sketch (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). Good examples for such preliminary carvings represent GP 161 Halla Broa III, GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. The dot in the center of the shield may indicate the use of a compass. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207",
"value_resource_id": 2207,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2207",
"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2208",
"value_resource_id": 2208,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2208",
"display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a1bbec5d51ba0e734796179599db95712073b49d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0162.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Regarding the interpretation of horsemen on late type picture stones see especially GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), and GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III. The motif of the horseman, in particular when it is welcomed by a woman with a drinking horn, is commonly regarded as depicting the deceased’s journey and arrival in the world of the dead. \n\nThe figure composed of three triangles occurs on a number of late-type picture stones. It is known under two different terms – Norwegian/Swedish/Danish valknut (also valknude, valknop) and the Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (Hellers 2012, pp. 40–50). The first is not recorded before the beginning of the 18th century and refers to different kinds of knot- and loop-like symbols in Scandinavian folk art, in particular those which are commonly described as ʻquatrefoil knotsʼ (Vierpassknoten, fyrpass). The etymology of valknut is unclear but usually interpreted as representing an Old Norse term valknútr which can be translated as ʻknot of the slainʼ. The Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (ʻHrungnirʼs heartʼ) originates from Snorri Sturluson’s Skáldskaparmál (ch. 17), written down around 1220. Snorri retells the myth about the god Þórr and his fight against the giant Hrungnir, who is described as having a special kind of heart: “Hrungnir átti hjarta þat er frægt er, af hǫrdum steini ok tindótt með þrim hornum svá sem síðan er gert var ristubragð þat er Hrungnis hjarta heitir” (Faulkes 1998, p. 21) – ʻHrungnir had a heart that is renowned, made of solid stone and spiky with three points just like the symbol for carving called Hrungnirʼs heart has ever since been madeʼ (Faulkes 1987, p. 78). The actual reason for depicting the giant’s heart on picture stones and other artifacts, however, remains unclear. Furthermore, it cannot be assumed with certainty that the connection between the symbol and the Hrungnir myth established by Snorri is based on ancient tradition. \n\nThe possible meaning of the so-called Hrungnis hjarta or valknut and other kinds of ʻtriangle signsʼ or ʻtriple symbolsʼ on late-type picture stones, most of which are more or less triskele-like, has been discussed extensively by Hellers 2012, pp. 100–186 (with previous interpretations and relevant literature; see also Main 2020, pp. 31–34, 41, 44, 78–79 appendix 2). There may be a connection to the sphere of death and the supreme god Óðinn (who is also god of the fallen) since these signs mostly occur close to those motifs which are commonly regarded as depicting the afterlife journey (horseman, ship, and others; see in particular GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6, GP 341 Sanda kyrka I) or sacrificial scenes (GP 59 Buttle Änge V and GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I). \n\nThere is a certain proximity between those picture stone triple symbols and the triquetra. The triquetra is a widespread decorative element in early medieval art, which in Christian contexts is mostly regarded as symbol of the Trinity (Traetteberg 1974; Moltke 1974; see also Main 2020). Possibly, the Gotlandic ʻtriple symbolsʼ are inspired by Continental or Western triquetra symbolism. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2052",
"value_resource_id": 2052,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2052",
"display_title": "GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ad15c2e35b95a984bf0f785567b10cfd346dc922.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0005.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2068",
"value_resource_id": 2068,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2068",
"display_title": "GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/559bf4735a777ba206c0713bc3a7018d9174aacf.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0021.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2141",
"value_resource_id": 2141,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2141",
"display_title": "GP0094",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/89d351acb925a49bbbc69ed6cd935473f2384af3.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0094.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2255",
"value_resource_id": 2255,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2255",
"display_title": "GP0209",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e23943917d457212ccf0fc888de9f993ebb9778.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0209.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
"value_resource_id": 2304,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2304",
"display_title": "GP0258",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/77873047d434a760273ee33746e1e5a43285e370.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0258.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2167",
"value_resource_id": 2167,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2167",
"display_title": "GP0120",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/46171aa284fae7eec4ddcc269eca31cbc0e70fd9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0120.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2386",
"value_resource_id": 2386,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2386",
"display_title": "GP 341 Sanda kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b0a22f8bf7599dea66636e834db9b3016d8d9552.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0341.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2106",
"value_resource_id": 2106,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2106",
"display_title": "GP0059",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d5d3d9f2fa1040a0a1d071a1db733c8d5fd3eff0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0059.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299",
"value_resource_id": 2299,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2299",
"display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0253",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ. Lindqvist assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date those monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to between AD 750 and 900. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). The shape of the horse, in particular the shape of its head with its characteristic frame and pronounced mandible, is reminiscent of Salin’s Style II and thus seems to indicate a dating before AD 800. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354; Lindqvist 1933, pp. 108, 117, fig. 12; 1941/42 I, pp. 41, 47, 75–76, 82, 94, figs. 103, 109–110, 113; II, pp. 118, 121–122, fig. 510; Helmbrecht 2011, p. 485 cat. no. 833; Hellers 2012, pp. 66–67, fig. 10, pl. 4b; Kitzler Åhfeldt 2013a, p. 64; 2015, pp. 399, 431; Oehrl 2019a, p. 82. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs I"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4919",
"value_resource_id": 4919,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4919",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0388",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0388_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "277"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "13742"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1908 mellan två gravrösen, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1909. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad ”dvärgsten” (period CD), 77,5 cm hög och som bredast 44 cm. Bildsten med två bildpaneler, den nedre med ryttare, som bär hjälm, sköld och två spjut. Under hästen tre sammanflätade trianglar. Den övre panelen saknar bild, sannolikt därför att bildstenen aldrig blev helt färdig. Troligen hänger de sammanflätade trianglarna samman med triquetra-bilden, som ofta symboliserar treenigheten i kontinental kristen bildkultur. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number has been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908. The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II was found by Svensson in the centre of the grave field, on top of the northerly of the two stone mounds between which GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I had come to light. It lay close to the north edge of the mound (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 122). The picture stones I–VI (SHM 13742) were delivered to Statens Historiska Museum by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 8 cm thick. The obverse has small bumps and obviously is severely weathered, the narrow sides are rounded, particularly towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The height is now 66 cm, of which 52 cm are accounted for by the part above the root, which is partly lost. The head is 32 cm wide, the neck 26 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 122). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, except the missing part of the root. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "66"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "40"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
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"@value": "8"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is not painted, and Olof Sörling’s sketch-like drawing published in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 511), which does not depict any carvings, is the only documentation available. Nevertheless, there are remains of the decoration discernable on the stone, which are described by Lindqvist as follows: “The poorly recognisable decoration seems to have been executed with wide and quite deep lines and chiseled background fields. An 8 cm-wide framing border, probably with a ribbon pattern, surrounds the field, which probably was divided into two halves by a horizontal border a short distance below the neck. The upper panel appears to have contained the image of an upright human figure (cf. [GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] VII)” (ibid. p. 122). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415",
"value_resource_id": 2415,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2415",
"display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Those stones, if only few remains of decoration are left, can only be roughly dated between the 8th century and about AD 1100. However, Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II more probably represents a Type C/D monument, dating between the 8th and the 10th century. "
}
],
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 122, fig. 511; Kitzler Åhfeldt 2013a, p. 64. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs II"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4920",
"value_resource_id": 4920,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4920",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0389",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0389_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "278"
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"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "13742"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1908 på toppen av ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1909. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad ”dvärgsten” (period CD), 66 cm hög och som bredast 32 cm. Bildsten med spår av kantdekor och två bildfält, i det övre troligen en stående figur. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "human figure"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBsFmsHl12ITbdqzBnxE0VrAW25GEWm_KOXrzapEo84srE?e=HW57x9"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4920",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0389"
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg"
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"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4365",
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
},
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/runor/inscription?id=b2539210-ce12-4cdf-8e5a-ffbab68ce6ff",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, next to a stone mound. "
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Historiska Museet"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, and only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous large spherical stones (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum (SHM 13742) by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III was found near the road, in the southern part of the cemetery, “close to Söderlund’s farm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 122). It lay at the southern edge of stone mound no. 8, close to the surface (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 661; cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). Elsewhere, however, Lindqvist notes that the slab lay about 2 m north of a small grave mound (1941/42 II, p. 122). Mound no. 8 (SHM 15227:8) was 2.5–2.8 in diameter and was surrounded by a wall of 4 to 6 layers of limestone slabs. It only contained a knife, charcoal, and bones of sheep. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
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"value_resource_id": 2417,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII",
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"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
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"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
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"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
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"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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"@value": "The slab represents a completely preserved mushroom-shaped picture stone which is in remarkably good condition. “Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick at the base, up to 7 cm at the head. The obverse is even, the narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The stone’s total height is 86 cm, of which 73.5 cm are above the lower horizontal bar. The head is 40.5 cm wide, the neck 29 cm, and the base 45 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 122). "
}
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"@value": "“The decoration had been sketched out in fine, probably cut lines, whereupon the background field was chiselled about 1 mm deep” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 122). Such preliminary sketches can only be observed on those monuments whose surfaces are particularly well preserved (cf. ibid. I, pp. 42–43; repeatedly Hauck, in particular, 1957b; Eshleman 2000; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 67–68 and passim [regarding Hauck’s research see 68–86, 169–172, 286–287, and passim]). Good examples are GP 161 Halla Broa III, GP 162 Halla Broa IV, GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I, and GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 122) notes that “unfortunately, the contour lines were traced in ink by the finder – and in many places incorrectly. The result is clearly visible in several previously published photographs […].” All figures are remarkably detailed. In particular, the drapery of their garments and their faces are carved with fine lines and still well-preserved. \n\nThe stone is framed by a wide border with a complex interlace pattern. A simple horizontal band (with runic inscription, see VIII) divides the head and the neck of the stone from its lower part. The depictions in both image fields are described by Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 123: In the head field, there is an equestrian on a walking horse, turning to the right. The horseman wears a pointed helmet, a large shield with whorl pattern, and trousers gathered at the calves. A triple-symbol formed by three triangles is located behind the horseman’s neck. Another triple-symbol, formed by three drinking horns, is located above the horseman’s head. Each drinking horn’s narrow end pierces the broad end of another. Just next to the horse, in the right corner of the head, a woman is depicted, who seems to be standing on the horse’s right, raised foreleg. She faces the horseman and proffers a drinking horn. \n\nThe picture stone’s neck represents an approximately 10 cm high field without any chiselled background fields. The figure here is just carved or even sketched – a man in a knee-length tunic with belt, without clear headgear. He extends one hand and turns towards the right. Behind him there probably were once more figures, which now, however, are no longer identifiable. The lower edge of the neck field is formed by a simple horizontal border, consisting of two parallel lines, which contains the inscription (see VIII). The carved man is standing on the horizontal runic border. \n\nThe body of the stone, i.e., the monument’s lower half, is occupied by a ship with rounded stems with spiral terminals, a rudder on starboard, and a square sail uniformly framed on all four sides. The sail features a slightly inconsistent rhombic pattern formed by double lines. Above the railing emerge the torsos of two men each holding one sheet rope, the end of which forms a loop attached to a rope hanging from the sail’s lower edge. Below the ship’s rudder, a further triple symbol can be seen, representing a triangle with a semi-circular recess on each of its sides. Below the vessel, there are two huge waves breaking towards the right, in the direction of the ship’s movement, with crests stylised as interlace ornament. \n\nThe described depictions are easily discernible and documented by both photos of the painted stone and Olof Sörling’s drawing, reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/41 I, figs. 104, 112; II, fig. 512). A collection of different photos of the painted and unpainted stone dating to the 1930s and 60s is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). "
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"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
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"display_title": "GP 162 Halla Broa IV",
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2304",
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"display_title": "GP0258",
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"@value": "Even if the images of the horseman’s welcome (adventus) on the Gotlandic picture stones can be traced back to Roman ideas, it must be assumed that those models were re-interpreted in the North (Vierck 1981). Since early research, the motif is assumed, on the basis of Old Norse literature, to depict the arrival of a slain warrior in Valhǫll – a valkyrie offers a welcome drink to the mounted newcomer (e.g. Nordin 1903, p. 150; Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 96; Weber 1973; Ellmers 1973; 1980; 1986; 1995; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 47–50; 2020c, pp. 128–138). A stylised hall building that is supposed to represent Valhǫll can actually be seen on GP 21 Ardre Kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, where the new arrival appears to be sitting on the eight-legged horse of the otherworldly host, Óðinn. See also GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I, and GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys), which represent the horseman with further conclusive details. \n\nThe common Valhǫll-interpretation of the horseman motif essentially is based on the Eiríksmál (and on the Hákonarmál by Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson that draws on them), a song of praise for the Norwegian king Eiríkr blóðøx (blood axe), written after 954 (von See 1981c; Kreutzer 1989; 1999; Marold 1972; 2006, pp. 228–234). This skaldic poem tells of a fallen warrior’s festive arrival at and admission of into Óðinn’s Valhǫll. Óðinn wakes the einherjar, the dead warriors living in Valhǫll, and requests them to arrange for the hero’s arrival, to prepare the benches and wash the cups. The valkyries are tasked with bringing the wine: […] bað ec […] valkyriur vin bera […] (stanza 1, Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, p. 174; B I, p. 164; Whaley 2012, p. 1006). In the Eddic poem Grímnismál, numerous valkyries are called by name whose job it is to offer drinking horns and serve beer to the dead warriors in Valhǫll: […] þær bera einheriom ǫl (stanza 36, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 64; cf. Gylfaginning 36, Faulkes 2005, p. 30). \n\nA greeting by a valkyrie to a dead man on horseback in front of the hall of the fallen is known from literature at least indirectly. There is, for example, the welcome given to Atli by Guðrún after Gunnarr’s murder in Atlaqviða (stanzas 32–33, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 245). This is, as shown by Wolf (1952, p. 101–102; 1965, p. 58–59; cf. von See et al. 2012, p. 336), fashioned according to a mythical model, in order to portray Atli as a doomed man: the poet calls Guðrún afkar dís, ‘terrible dís’, a term that can be regarded as a name for a valkyrie. The hall in front of which she welcomes the approaching horseman with a drink is called Valhǫll (stanzas 2 and 14). The Atlakviða appears to have been composed as early as the ninth century. At that time, the notion of the valkyrie welcoming the mounted warrior at the gates of Valhǫll with a drink already must have been very common. \n\nFurther indicators for a horse ride into the beyond are the triangular shapes over which the horse appears to step over on numerous picture stones. They are regarded as the fence that, as per Grímnismál (stanza 22, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 61) and Lokasenna (stanza 63, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 109), surrounds the realm of the dead (valgrindr, nágrindr) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 99; Weber 1973, p. 95). According to Snorri, Sleipnir carries the god Hermóðr with a spectacular leap across this barrier (helgrindr) and thus into the kingdom of the dead (Gylfaginning 49, Faulkes 2005, p. 47). Frequently, the horseman is accompanied by a dog that precedes its master (e.g., GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I, GP 94 Garda Bote, GP 209 Klinte Hunninge I). Whether the dog, as in many cultures of the ancient world, should be regarded as a psychopomp (e.g., Gräslund 2004) or a hound of hell (e.g., Weber 1973, p. 98), or rather as the man’s trusty companion in life as in death, must remain open. A kind of a northern version of Cerberus is in fact provided by the Eddic poem Baldrs Draumar (stanza 2–3, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 277). \n\nAlso relevant here are figural bronze/silver pendants (and gold foil figures) that feature individual women with a drinking horn or a kind of cup in their hands (Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 121–123, fig. 23(a–l), cat. no. 86, 151, 153, 216, 227, 236, 525, 670, 725, 803, 811, 1013, 1034, 1049, 1173). The meaning of those figures is subject of controversy (Simek 2002, pp. 110–118; Plochov 2007; Helmbrecht 2011, 124–125; Heizmann 2015). In the light of the picture stones, they have frequently been considered as depictions of valkyries (e.g., Koktvedgaard Zeitzen 1997, pp. 10–11; Price 2002, 336–337; Vang Petersen 2005, pp. 76–77). Particularly important are those figural pendants that show an armed woman greeting a horseman and offering him a cup (Helmbrecht 2011, pp. 68–71, fig. 2(a–b)–3(a–e), catalogue-no. 256–258, 105, 174, 196, 258; Gardeła 2018, pp. 404–408, tab. 3, fig. 5). That at least these martial ‘receptionists’ and servers of drinks should be regarded as valkyries welcoming the slain certainly is the most plausible explanation (Vierck 2002, 24–26). \n\nAs the valkyries by no means represent the only women in the world of the dead, nor the only mythical givers of drinks, other – albeit less convincing – alternatives for the woman with the drinking horn on Gotland’s picture stones have been put forward. She could represent the goddess Freyja (Göransson 1999, pp. 230–231), of whom Grímnismál says that she receives half of the fallen: according to the poem, the dead take their seats in the goddess’ hall, which may be thought of as a banqueting hall (stanza 14, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 60). It does not mention, however, that the dead are provided by the goddess with food and drink. But the woman with the drinking horn also could represent Hel, the goddess of the dead – Baldrs draumar indicates that mead was waiting for Óðinn’s dying son Baldr in Hel’s realm of the dead: Hér stendr Baldri / of brugginn mioðr, / scírar veigar (stanza. 7, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 278) (cp. Kopár 2012, pp. 99–101). The motif of the lady with the drinking horn has also been linked to the dísir (Simek 2002, p. 117; cf. Hellers 2012, pp. 129–133) – a group of female deities who are well documented in literature yet remain enigmatic; probably fertility goddesses associated with the Roman cult of the Matres. Occasionally the Matronae of votive stones are holding a cornucopia. Also scarcely convincing is the suggestion that the woman was the valkyrie Brynhildr/Sigrdrífa (Staecker 2004, pp. 64–65; 2006, pp. 364–365; 2013, pp. 49–51), who passes a mead horn to the hero Sigurðr after he had awakened her from an enchanted sleep: Hon tóc þá horn, fult miaðar, oc gaf hánom minnisveig (Sigrdrífomál stanza 1–2 and prose part, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 189). Gjessing believes the horseman is Óðinn and the woman with the horn the giant’s daughter Gunnlǫð, who serves him the mead of poetry (Gjessing 1943, pp. 78–80). \n\nApart from these considerations, the mythological character of the picture stones’ welcoming scenes has been called into question in general (Eshleman 2000, pp. 19–21; Ney 2007, p. 37; 2012). The proffering of a drinking vessel could be regarded as a universally valid formula of paying homage that derived from the eminent role of women in the drinking ceremonial of Germanic warrior retinues (Enright 1988; 1996). \n\nIn the context of the horseman’s welcome regarded a reception in the afterworld, the ships on the Viking Age picture stones are frequently considered as ships of the dead, vessels transporting the deceased into the beyond (e.g. Ebert 1919/20, pp. 188–189; Major 1924, p. 118; Almgren 1940, p. 32; Kreutzer 1988, p. 21; Ellmers 1973; 1986; 1995; Lindow 1993; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 15–16, 22, 70; Hauck 1976a, p. 588; Egeler 2015, fn. 61; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 55–58; 2020c, pp. 151–166). The fact that the picture stones depict two different ways of travel into the world of the dead – by water and by horse – is explained by Ellmers in a way that is essentially plausible: according to him, boat ride and horse ride represent two consecutive phases in the deceased’s journey (cf. Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 70; Hauck 1976a, p. 588; Althaus 1993, p. 139). The dead, he suggests, first must arrive by ship from the land of the living; having reached the shore on the other side, they continue their journey to Valhǫll by horse. The eight-legged horses on the stones GP 21 Ardre kyrka VIII and GP 5 Alskog Tjängvide I allegedly show that on his landing on the shore, the dead man is given the horse of his host, i.e., Óðinn’s horse Sleipnir. Here, Ellmers refers to the visit in 826 by the Danish king Harald Klak to Louis the Pious in Ingelheim; having landed on the shore of the river Rhine, Harald was received by Louis’ delegation, and as a special honour, the Emperor’s own horse was placed at his disposal for the ride to the imperial palace. \n\nAccording to numerous scholars (Stjerna 1905, p. 114; Ebert 1919/20, pp. 185–188, 196; Major 1924; Müller-Wille et al. 1978, pp. 277, 285; Ellmers 1992, p. 99; Egeler 2015, fn. 491, 572), the fact that Pre-Christian Scandinavians believed in a transmarine afterworld and a ship of the dead is proven by Vendel Period and Viking-Age ship burials as well as boat-shaped stone-settings (Müller-Wille 1968/69; 1974; 1995; Müller-Wille et al. 1978; Capelle 1986; 2004a; 2004b). In support of the thesis of a ship of the dead (Egeler 2015, pp. 113–180), it is argued in the case of the famous ship burial at Oseberg on the Oslofjord (dated 834) that the vessel in the grave appeared to have been ‘staged’ as being ready to put to sea; with its mast, rudder, and oars all prepared, with the anchor stowed on board, and with the ship (temporarily) moored to a bollard stone (Ebert 1919/20, p. 188; Major 1924, p. 147; Herschend 2000, pp. 143, 146, 148; Egeler 2015, pp. 147–148). The coins (including three unminted planchets) retrieved from the Anglo-Saxon royal ship burial at Sutton Hoo in East Suffolk (about 625) were interpreted as Charon’s pennies for the entire crew, as their number exactly matched the number of the oarsmen (Grierson 1970; cf. Müller-Wille et al. 1978, pp. 274, 276–277; Egeler 2015, pp. 149–150). In any case – and this is a serious indicator – the obolus custom, well documented in Germania since the third century, including Viking-Age Sweden, clearly refers to a concept of a transmarine world of the dead that can be reached by boat (Ebert 1919/20, p. 186; Gräslund 1965/66; Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 148; Steuer 2002; Egeler 2013b, pp. 10–15). \n\nUnlike in Greco-Roman or Celtic antiquity, in the North the belief in a ship of the dead is documented only sparsely in literature (Grimm 1968 [1875–1878], pp. 693–697; Müller-Wille 1968/69, pp. 126–129; Althaus 1993, pp. 141–146; Egeler 2015, 114–135). Most sources mentioned in this context describe burials in a boat, but without clear reference to a journey into the beyond. One of the more applicable instances is Snorri’s account of the burial of the god Baldr (Gylfaginning 49, Faulkes 2005, 46 f; Lorenz 1984, 567-574; Lindow 1997, 69-100) which, at least in essence, traces back to the Húsdrápa by skald Úlfr Uggason from the tenth century (Finnur Jónsson 1912–1915 A I, pp. 136–138; B I, pp. 128–130.). It tells how the body of Óðinn’s son Baldr, together with his horse, is submitted to the sea in a burning ship. After the boat burial, it is related how Baldr’s brother Hermóðr talks to the guardian of the bridge leading across the underworld river Gjǫll (Gjallarbrú). She tells him that dead Baldr had crossed the bridge on his horse and ridden into the realm of Hel. Obviously, Baldr had travelled to the underworld in the burning ship and changed to the horse on the shore of the world of the dead (Egeler 2015, pp. 114–118). This corresponds to Ellmers’ suggested sequence of a journey into the beyond shown on the Gotlandic picture stones that combines travel in a boat and on horseback. \n\nAlso, reference must be made to the ship Naglfar, which, according to Snorri, during Ragnarǫk takes Loki and the giant Hrymr with the ‘sons of Muspell’ and an army of the dead (Heljar sinnar, ‘Hel’s companions’) to the fight against the gods (Gylfaginning 51, Faulkes 2005, 50; Vǫluspá stanza 50–51, Neckel/Kuhn 1983, pp. 11–12). It is generally accepted that the ship’s name means ‘ship of the dead’ or ‘ship of corpses’ (Lie 1954, pp. 153–154; De Vries 1959, p. 404; Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 141; Egeler 2015, p. 128). That Naglfar also played a role independent from the Ragnarǫk myth, as a means of transport for the deceased, is probable (Krohn 1912; Major 1924, p. 127; Stjerna 1912, p. 115; Simek 2004, p. 78; Simek 1982; Egeler 2015, p. 128). Another reference to a transmarine world of the dead, on the shores of which the dead disembark, is provided by Vǫluspá, stanza 38 (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 9; cf. Gylfaginning 52, Faulkes 2005, p. 53), by the toponym Nástrǫndr, ‛beach of the dead’ or ‛beach of corpses’ (Stjerna 1912, p. 113; Müller-Wille et al. 1978, p. 285; Ellmers 1986, pp. 348–349; Egeler 2015, pp. 125–126). \n\nFurthermore, Vǫlsunga saga (written down in the thirteenth century) relates how an old ferryman (Óðinn) transports the body of the hero Sinfjǫtli across a lake in a barge (Waser 1898, pp. 3, 7–8; Heide 2011, p. 61; Egeler 2015, pp. 128–129). The barge with the dead hero disappears and does not reappear again (ch. 10, Finch 1965, pp. 18–19). This account also is found in the prose text Frá dauða Sinfiotla in the Codex regius (Neckel/Kuhn 1983, p. 162). Not least because Sinfjǫtli’s rapture was recognised as one of several parallels between the saga and Arthurian epic poetry (Baesecke 1940, pp. 282–284, 286–287; Finch 1965, p. XXXV fn. 10; Egeler 2015, pp. 129–130), this reference should be handled with care. Of some interest in this context, however, is Gísla saga Súrssonar, written in the thirteenth century (Björn K. Þórólfsson/Guðni Jónsson 1943, p. 56). Its author tells of a burial in a boat, which is then covered by a mound. During the burial proceedings, a heavy rock is placed in the boat, probably with the aim, as is suggested by the context, to weigh down the vessel to such a degree that it cannot put to sea. Apparently, this was meant to prevent the journey of the interred person to the world of the dead (Rosén 1918, pp. 128–129, 166; Egeler 2015, pp. 121–125; differently Wiberg 1937; cf. Müller-Wille 1968/69, p. 137). \n\nOnly Skjǫldunga saga explicitly describes the burial in a ship as a journey to the realm of Óðinn (Major 1924, pp. 129–130; Müller-Wille 1968/69, pp. 129–130; Lindow 1997, pp. 85–86; Egeler 2015, pp. 118–119). Sigvardus boards the ship while alive, as rather than growing old, he rather wishes, in the manner of the ancestors, ‘to visit King Óðinn (i.e., the underworld) with royal splendour’ – [...] regali pompa Odinum Regem (id est inferos) invisere malle [...] (Jakob Benediktsson 1950, p. 463). This, however, is to be learned only from the saga’s Latin summary by Arngrímur Jónsson from 1596, while the saga itself, which probably was written about 1200, has not survived except for a few fragments (Acker 2007). \n\nThis, in essence, is the quite limited literary basis of the thesis of the ship of the dead in Pre-Christian Scandinavia. As the texts mentioned either do not explicitly allude to a boat ride into the realm of the dead but only hint at it, or were written at a comparatively late date, the existence of a concept of the ship of the dead in the pagan North is doubted in general by several scholars, and consequently, the ship imagery of the Gotlandic picture stones is interpreted in a different way – as pictures taken from the real life of the deceased person in whose honour the stone was erected, meant to glamorise the lifestyle of a warrior elite or celebrate the dead individual as a skilled seafarer, or refer to his death in a foreign country, while on a trade journey or in a sea battle (Lindqvist 1940, p. 55; 1941/1942 I, p. 92–93, 101; 1962, p. 22; von See 1981a, p. 118; Buisson 1976, p. 86; Holmqvist 1976, p. 566; Stenberger 1977, p. 342; Lindow 1993; Althaus 1993, pp. 137–182). \n\nLittle attention is paid in this discussion, however, to the fact that as early as in ‘Abschnitt’ A, there is iconographic evidence for the importance and function of the rowing boat as a vessel of the dead – see GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV and GP 428 Stenkyrka kyrka 46. On the Stenkyrka fragment, a flying spear marks the crewed rowing boat as belonging to the realm of death. In this way, we also should probably interpret the missile above the small ship on the Viking Age (Type C/D) picture stone GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I as a ‘spear of death’. The Viking Age (Type C/D) fragment GP 339 Rute St. Valle 2 probably represents Óðinn, god of the slain, accompanying the ship of the dead and marking it with his spear. See the relevant articles for more detailed information and bibliography (here only the most relevant literature: Oehrl 2019a, pp. 57, 105–120, 227–242; 2020c, pp. 157–158; in print a). \n\nThe figure behind the horseman of Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III, composed of three triangles, occurs on a number of late-type picture stones. It is known under two different terms – Norwegian/Swedish/Danish valknut (also valknude, valknop) and the Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (Hellers 2012, pp. 40–50). The first is not recorded before the beginning of the 18th century and refers to different kinds of knot- and loop-like symbols in Scandinavian folk art, in particular, those which are commonly described as ʻquatrefoil knotsʼ (Vierpassknoten, fyrpass). The etymology of valknut is unclear but usually interpreted as representing an Old Norse term valknútr which can be translated as ʻknot of the slainʼ. The Old Norse term Hrungnis hjarta (ʻHrungnirʼs heartʼ) originates from Snorri Sturluson’s Skáldskaparmál (ch. 17), written down around 1220. Snorri retells the myth about the god Þórr and his fight against the giant Hrungnir, who is described as having a special kind of heart: “Hrungnir átti hjarta þat er frægt er, af hǫrdum steini ok tindótt með þrim hornum svá sem síðan er gert var ristubragð þat er Hrungnis hjarta heitir” (Faulkes 1998, p. 21) – ʻHrungnir had a heart that is renowned, made of solid stone and spiky with three points just like the symbol for carving called Hrungnirʼs heart has ever since been madeʼ (Faulkes 1987, p. 78). The actual reason for depicting the giant’s heart on picture stones and other artifacts, however, remains unclear. Furthermore, it cannot be assumed with certainty that the connection between the symbol and the Hrungnir myth established by Snorri is based on ancient tradition. \n\nThe possible meaning of the so-called Hrungnis hjarta or valknut and other kinds of ʻtriangle signsʼ or ʻtriple symbolsʼ on late type picture stones, most of which are more-or-less triskele-like, has been discussed extensively by Hellers 2012, pp. 100–186 (with previous interpretations and relevant literature; see also Main 2020, pp. 31–34, 41, 44, 78–79 appendix 2). There may be a connection to the sphere of death and the supreme god Óðinn (who is also god of the fallen) since these signs mostly occur close to those motifs which are commonly regarded as depicting the afterlife journey (horseman, ship, and others; see in particular GP 258 Lärbro Tängelgårda I, GP 120 Grötlingbo Barshaldershed 6, GP 341 Sanda kyrka I) or sacrificial scenes (GP 59 Buttle Änge V and GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I). \n\nThere is a certain proximity between those picture stone triple symbols and the triquetra. The triquetra is a widespread decorative element in early medieval art, which in Christian contexts is mostly regarded as symbol of the Trinity (Traetteberg 1974; Moltke 1974; see also Main 2020). Possibly, the Gotlandic ʻtriple symbolsʼ are inspired by Continental or Western triquetra symbolism. "
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"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns it to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to the time around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date those monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, which occurs in his periods 4 (Late Vendel Period), 5 (Early Viking Period), and 6 (Middle Viking Period). According to Varenius’ ship typology (1992, pp. 69–74 and appendix 2), the rigging of the ship depiction belongs to his group III (segelskepp med skot i hanfot), which he dates to the 9th or 10th centuries. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone to after AD 750 or even after around AD 800 (2012, p. 117). The shape of the horse, in particular the shape of its head with its characteristic frame is reminiscent of Salin’s Style II and thus could be regarded as an indication of a date before AD 800. The runic inscription seems to point to the period between the 8th and the early 9th century, whereby a dating to the 10th century cannot be ruled out runologically (see VIII). "
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"@value": "The indecipherable inscription (G 268) has been characterized as mixture of older futhark runes and short-twig runes (ibid. and Snædal 2002, p. 48). Without doubt, the d-rune, clearly representing an older futhark rune, is carved two times on the stone, as well as the u-rune and probably the þ-rune, which occur in both the older and the younger futhark. Those characters of the Lillbjärs inscription which are supposed to represent clear short-twig runes, however, are difficult to discern and remain uncertain (Källström 2012, pp. 123–124). Therefore, it is imaginable that the entire inscription is executed in older futhark runes. Whatever the case, as the old d-rune is used, the inscription was probably carved before the early 9th century. However, it is entirely possible that certain older futhark runes were in use even longer on Gotland, until the 10th or even 11th century (Gustavson/Snædal 2013, Stenkyrka p. 6; cf. GP 111 Gothem kyrka 4 [= G 157]; GP 244 Lokrume kyrka [= G 252]; GP 76 Eskelhem kyrka; see Oehrl 2019a, p. 279). Those characters could also be regarded as division markers or para-script characters of other function (cf. Imer 2012, p. 117). "
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, and only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones I–VI were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson in 1908. The picture stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V was collected by Svensson near the road in the southern part of the grave field (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). “This stone was found in the upper part of a stone mound with a diameter of 6 m, about 25 m south of the find place of [GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] III. The stone lay just south of the stone setting’s centre and had fallen over, with the head towards the south” (ibid. 124). The picture stones I–VI (SHM 13742) were delivered to Statens Historiska Museum by antiquarian Emil Eckhoff in 1909 (Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354). "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"value_resource_id": 2437,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
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"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Fornvännen 1909, pp. 253–354; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118, 124, fig. 514. "
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "281"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "13742"
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"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "man"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6410855"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "710614"
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"@value": "675775"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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{
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"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
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"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed, and only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs necropolis as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones VII–IX were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1914 (Fornvännen 1915, p. 30; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). The picture stone fragment Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII was found just next to grave no. 3 (ibid. fig. 508). It lay “[…] at the southwest edge of a smaller, oval stone setting (grave 3), which with its north edge touched the stone setting of grave 2, in which the picture stone [GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs] VII had come to light” (ibid. 125). The stone was located at 15 cm depth, slightly inclined, near two other lying and two erected limestone slabs (all information about the mound: Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 660–661). The slightly oval stone mound (grave 3) had a size of about 2.3 x 2.75 m and featured a surrounding wall of 10–14 layers of limestone slabs. Incorporated into this wall, at the north-east and the south-west edge, two small stone cists containing burned human bones were discovered. Items from both cists – three tongue-shaped pendants, a dress pin, and a key – can be dated to the 10th/11th century (Periods VIII:2–3). "
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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"@value": "The fragment represents the entire head of a small mushroom-shaped picture stone, including its neck part. Lindqvist provides a photo of the unpainted stone (1941/42 II, fig. 519), which was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA 1715:75). A photo taken in 1925 is kept in ATA as well (594:4h). “Limestone slab, 7 cm thick. The obverse is even, the narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse and chamfered towards the back. The reverse is rough and unworked. The surviving height is 46 cm. The head is 33 cm wide, the neck 27 cm” (ibid. p. 125). The contour of the monument is perfectly preserved while its surface is very much weathered. "
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"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Those stones, if no remains of decoration are left, can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and about AD 1100. The burials in the (secondarily incorporated?) stone cists can be dated to the 10th/11th century (see IV). "
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{
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"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
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"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
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"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@value": "The necropolis of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones X–XIV were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and 1914 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1916 (Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118–121). The picture stone slab Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV was found in 1914 during Nordin’s excavation of grave mound no. 25, next to its walled edge, wedged between mound no. 23 and the wall edge of the adjoining stone mound towards the east (ibid. II, pp. 121, 126, figs. 509; see also Nordin’s report in ATA dnr 599/16). The mound no. 23 was 4 m in diameter and its surrounding wall consisted of 7 to 20 layers of limestone slabs (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 662). Lindqvist (1941/42, p. 121) notes: “Grave 25 was investigated but its interior did not yield any finds. Just outside of the southwest edge of the wall, however, there lay a knife with broad back of a type common among Gotlandic grave finds of the 8th century, and at the wall’s east edge, wedged into the narrow gap to the neighbouring walling, the picture stone No. XIV. The wall of grave 25 was 58 cm high here. The picture stone lay 35 cm below the wall’s upper edge. Several indeterminable iron fragments were also observed.” The finds are kept in SHM (15645:13a–b). \n\nLindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 126) notes that the stone was not traceable at his time. He only reproduces a quite coarse sketch-like drawing by Olof Sörling (ibid. fig. 516; see VI). The monument is still lost. However, a photo of the stone taken by B. Bergman in 1927 is kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling (1290:43; dnr 5007/27). The caption reads: “På en grav vid vägen ej långt från Änglehaug” (ʻon a grave at the road not far from [the huge grave mound] Äuglehaugʼ). Interestingly, this brief description of the find spot is almost the same as noted for GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX. "
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"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
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"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
"value_resource_id": 2433,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2439",
"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg",
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{
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
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"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "“This stone – which broke in two during its retrieval and was damaged at its right edge – could not be found again. According to [Fredrik Nordin’s] notes, it was of rough limestone with scattered harder areas and had a maximum width of 4 cm. Its total height was 60 cm, the width of the head was 29.5 cm, that of the neck 25.5 cm, that of the bottommost part 32.5 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). In the photo taken in 1927 (see IV), the slab lies on a grass-covered ground and seems to still be preserved in one piece. Its surface seems weathered and partly overgrown with lichen. Apart from the small broken-off piece at the right edge of the stone’s neck and perhaps a part of the root, the monument seems to have been almost completely preserved. The mushroom shape had been easily discernible. "
}
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"@value": "Lindqvist only provides a sketch-like drawing produced on silk paper by Olof Sörling (II, fig. 516). It depicts the crack which appears to divide the head from the stone’s body as well as some scattered lines, which are carefully described by Lindqvist (ibid. p. 127): “Of the decoration, only indistinct remains survive. At a distance of 6.5 cm, two parallel lines run along the left edge, two more, also running parallel to each other, were just inside of the upper edge. The stone likely also had a border with double demarcation lines. A square shape like a small sail was also observed at the transition of neck and head.” "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E according to Lindqvist. Those stones, if almost no decoration is left, can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and around AD 1100. Next to the stone mound, a knife was found (see IV), which Lindqvist believed to date to the late Vendel Period (8th century). For unclear reasons, Sonja Guber regards the stone as a Type B monument (2011, p. 148 cat. no. 77). "
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"@value": "Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 121, 126–127, figs. 509, 516; Guber 2011, p. 148 cat. no. 77. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XIV"
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913-14, liggande mellan två gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1916, men kan inte återfinnas. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nOkänd \n\nBeskrivning \nTill största delen bevarad svampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), 60 cm hög och som bredast 32,5 cm. Spår av kantdekor och möjligen ett litet segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"@value": "sail"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
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"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
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{
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{
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"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
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{
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"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
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"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
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"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent the stones to SHM [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones XV–XVIII were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson and delivered to Gotlands Museum by Fredrik Nordin in 1911 or 1913 respectively. About these stones, according to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 121), “[...] only little of importance could be found out”. The picture stone fragment Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV was found in 1908. No information about its location and find circumstances is recorded. "
},
{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"display_title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e8bb4a0b30fc67b023b69ec340952740f594f7b7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0369.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2415",
"value_resource_id": 2415,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2415",
"display_title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5cc98d089a5b298a486b86dc8288602f6b39969b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0370.jpg",
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},
{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416",
"value_resource_id": 2416,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2416",
"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0371.jpg",
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"type": "resource",
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"value_resource_id": 2417,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2417",
"display_title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5bc6a141313b106e26f31e136a264c6f054bf9dc.jpg",
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422",
"value_resource_id": 2422,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2422",
"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2423",
"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424",
"value_resource_id": 2424,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2424",
"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
"value_resource_id": 2425,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2425",
"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
"value_resource_id": 2426,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2426",
"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
"value_resource_id": 2433,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434",
"value_resource_id": 2434,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2434",
"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436",
"value_resource_id": 2436,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2436",
"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg",
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{
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437",
"value_resource_id": 2437,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438",
"value_resource_id": 2438,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2438",
"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
"value_resource_id": 2440,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "resource",
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the convex and almost semi-circular head of a picture stone including smaller parts of its neck (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 524; ATA 1751:20b). The edges are much abraded and the corners of the mushroom head hardly discernible. “Limestone slab, up to 12 cm thick. The obverse features many small bumps and never was hewn. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse is rough and unworked. The head is 60 cm wide, the neck about 50 cm. The height of the head is 28 cm, that of the preserved fragment as a whole 38 cm. […] Together with this fragment, two smaller stone chips that possibly belonged to either the picture stone that the fragment is a part of, or some other stone (or several others) which was brought to [Gotlands Fornsal]” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 127). "
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],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "38"
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],
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "60"
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],
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "12"
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],
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of carvings remain. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Those stones, if no remains of decoration are left, can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century and about AD 1100. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 121, 127, figs. 524. "
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XV"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1672"
}
],
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4925",
"value_resource_id": 4925,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4925",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0394",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0394_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "290"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Högklint Formation (90%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1910-12 på gravfältet Lillbjärs. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen bevarad svampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), bevarad höjd 38 cm och som bredast 60 cm. Inga spår av bilder. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgB1Hi8cZO4nQaKD6cDIs3ArAVCAG9f_8ActQPRZ4jvoyAE?e=JUX9G7"
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"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415",
"o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416",
"o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4925",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0394"
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{
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"o:owner": {
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg"
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"@value": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent the stones to SHM [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated a number of stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs necropolis as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones XV–XVIII were discovered by the worker Emil Svensson and delivered to Gotlands Museum by Fredrik Nordin in 1911 or 1913 respectively. About these stones, according to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 121), “[...] only little of importance could be found out”. "
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"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
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"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
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"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
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"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
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"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
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"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
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"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
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"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
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"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
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"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
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"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
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"@value": "The fragment represents a piece of the lower part of a late-type picture stone, including its lower right corner and the lower part of the right edge. The root is broken off. “Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The obverse is unworked, but at least reasonably even. The preserved piece of the lower part of the right narrow side is hewn at right angles towards the obverse. The reverse is rough and unworked. The surviving fragment is up to 56 cm wide and 58 cm high” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 127). The surface is weathered but the carvings are still relatively easily discernible. \n\nThere are some similarities between Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII and GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX, in particular, regarding the border pattern (see VI), wherefore Lindqvist considered (1941/42 II, p. 125) “[…] that both stones were executed by the same person. Considering the circumstances of the discoveries, the possibility may even be considered that the two stones originally were part of the same monument.” According to Lindqvist, it turned out, however, that a cast made of Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII in Gotlands Fornsal did not match the fragment GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX which is kept in SHM. “Therefore, I rather tend towards the opinion that No. IX never had a decorated field that was larger than that preserved today and therefore cannot have constituted the upper part of No. XVII. \""
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2416",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2416",
"display_title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1662107adcd2249b6e6889b9baf1f182e60fa2be.jpg",
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"@value": "57"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
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"@value": "56"
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"property_id": 300,
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"ai2:material": [
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist provides only one picture of the fragment, a photo of the painted stone, which was taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937 (1941/42 I, fig. 107; ATA B3:91a). He describes the traced depictions briefly as follows (ibid. II, p. 127): “The stone is decorated partly with finely carved lines, partly with slightly chiseled background fields. Despite considerable weathering that damaged the stone, chisel marks still are particularly clear between the waves and in the framing border. In the latter, [an interlace pattern which forms a row of s-shaped elements] can be seen; in the field there is a watercraft with four identifiable crewmen. As usual, a row of waves, breaking to the right, was depicted below the vessel. The row of waves in the lower edge of the ship’s hull […] probably also was carved and hardly can be interpreted as the result of natural irregularities.” The ship’s rectangular sail features a rhombic pattern with alternately raised and sunken fields, and crewmen are depicted with round shields and detailed faces. One of them seems to wear a spear or sword on his shoulder. The stem is slightly upward-curling. Above the sail, the bottom part of the upper image panel appears to be preserved. \n\nTwo more interpretations of the carvings are kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling, a photo taken by Faith-Ell in 1933 showing a differing paint version (1751:18a), and a drawing by Olof Sörling. On the 1933 photo the entire crew and also the additional row of waves on the ship’s hull are missing. These details have also not been considered by Sörling. Furthermore, the drawing does only depict a few remains of the sail’s pattern, while the stem appears to end in an animal head. "
}
],
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"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Originally mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, obviously Type C/D according to Lindqvist’s typology. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) assigns Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII to his ʻAbschnittʼ C which he dates to around AD 700. Current research, however, tends to date the Type C/D monuments roughly to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. According to Vareniusʼ (1992, appendix 2) typology, the ship, which features a simple rectangular sail without depicted rigging, belongs to group II (Skepp med enkel rigg), dating to the 7th to 9th century. Lisbeth Imer (2004, p. 104) dates the stone after AD 750. "
}
],
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
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"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:iconography": [
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"@value": "ship"
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{
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"@value": "sail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "mast"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "waves"
},
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "man"
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{
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"@value": "shield"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"is_public": true,
"@value": "spear"
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{
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2208",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415",
"o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416",
"o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416",
"o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX"
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],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2443",
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"o:id": 2443,
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"o:owner": {
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/727cbdd14d9dbc891803092f8a628b51be535bec.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/727cbdd14d9dbc891803092f8a628b51be535bec.jpg"
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"property_label": "Title",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0398"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Stenkyrka Smiss"
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Återfanns på en äng 500m SV om gården på ett mindre röse"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
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"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The only available information about the find circumstances is given by Lindqvist: “This stone was found shortly after the discovery of [GP 397 Stenkyrka Smiss] I [which was found in 1863] during the cultivation of a meadow just south of the farm of Nils Classon. Beside the stone, an about 1 m long stone cist with unburnt human bones is said to have been observed” (1941/42 II, pp. 129). According to further information in the archives of Gotlands Fornsal, the meadow was situated 500 m south-west of the farm and the picture stone is said to have been located (standing?) on a small circular stone setting (röse) (cist). There is no known burial ground in Smiss, only two circular stone settings about 100 to 200 m south of the farmstead are registered (RAÄ Stenkyrka 99:1 and probably 99:3). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2442",
"value_resource_id": 2442,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2442",
"display_title": "GP0397",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/798a73062f0eba6b00029bc4865ce36e1df5e242.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0397.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, including the root. “Limestone slab, 9 cm thick. The obverse is naturally even, the narrow sides are rounded towards the back. The reverse is raw. The total height is 103 cm, of which 75 cm are accounted for by the part above ground. The head is 39 cm wide, the neck 29 cm, and the base 45 cm. No traces of the original decoration survive” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 129–130). In 1910, the picture stone was re-used as a signpost and an inscription was carved on its obverse (see VIII). The only picture of the monument published so far is a sketch-like drawing in Lindqvist’s book, which does not depict the recent carvings (ibid. fig. 530). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "103"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "45"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
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],
"ai2:material": [
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"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No remains of the original decoration are preserved; the surface is completely smooth and looks as if it was polished or never decorated. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 44). Those stones, if no remains of decoration remain and the surface has even been reworked, can only be roughly dated between the 8th century and about AD 1100. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondaryYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 320,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondary": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 319,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In 1910, the picture stone was re-used and prepared to serve as a signpost by carving a direction arrow and the following inscription on its obverse. These carvings fill the entire surface of the picture stone, with the arrow at the top of the head. The inscription is only shallowly carved, mainly in italics, and does not appear to be very carefully executed: \n\nAK on Smiss 1/8 mat 1910 "
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 129–130, fig. 530; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 669. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Smiss II"
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],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1842"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4929",
"value_resource_id": 4929,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4929",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0398",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0398_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "296"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffades kort efter 1863 vid uppodling av ett änge 500 meter söder om gården Smiss. Bredvid stenen påträffades också en stenkista med ett skelett. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin i Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nSvampformad dvärgsten (period C/D) 103 cm hög och som bredast 45 cm. Inga spår av dekor påträffade. \n\nInskrift \nEn sekundär inskrift lyder : AK on Smiss 1/8 mat 1910 \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden cirka 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen klar tolkning. \n\nAA \n"
}
],
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAEzyvTphbaSo16-p1TOP9zAbTfZrWgQTs-V7CEK9ynwro?e=CztoEh"
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],
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0398"
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2444,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
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"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 399 Stenkyrka Tystebols III",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/fae26b56712bc79ba066d7b064832a0894cbab5b.jpg"
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"o:created": {
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T09:03:26+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
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"o:media": [
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"o:site": [
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"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 399 Stenkyrka Tystebols III"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0399"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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}
],
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{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/580fa2a2-38cb-4117-a77a-91482d33913c",
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Near the farm ʻTystebols gårdʼ in Stenkyrka parish, next to an old road. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Landscape"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Tystebols"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen vid en stenbro på vägen mellan Tystebols och Vestris Tingstäde"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The garden of the neighbouring farmstead ʻTune gårdʼ, Stenkyrka parish."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Farmstead"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Ute - Garden on farm of Harry Andersson in Tuna. *Also location of St. Lillbjärs 19"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In the 1926 inventory (Go Stenkyrka sn Fornminnesinventering; see also ATA dnr 261/27, 5001/27, and Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 130) it is noted that the picture stone had been discovered a couple of years ago previously. It was found close to the farmstead of Tystebols in Stenkyrka parish during the construction of a bridge. The small slab was encountered in a field next to the old road, which leads from the farm Västris in Tingstäde to Tystebols and which about 60 m east of Tystebols crosses a ditch. The finder, Harry Andersson, took the stone home to his farmstead Tune/Stenstugu, about 450 m north of Tystebols, and placed it in his garden. According to the 1976 inventory it has been incorporated into a rock garden, together with GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX (RAÄ 18:1), a gravklot (18:3), and a stone with grinding grooves (svärdslipningssten). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the upper half or perhaps the two upper thirds of a small mushroom-shaped picture stone. The shape of the head is well-preserved, as is the left edge of the body. The right edge of the body, however, is broken off. The limestone slab is 10 cm thick, its height now is 58 cm, the head is 41.5 cm wide, the neck 30.5 cm (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 130). The narrow sides are rounded towards the reverse, which is rough and uneven. The stone’s obverse is even and without any traces of decoration. Photos of the stone taken by M. Stenberger in 1940 (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, figs. 527–528) and T. Carlsson/B. Bergman in 1927 are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 853:59, 1290:45). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "58"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "42"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "10"
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"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No carvings discernable"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation "
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Mushroom-shaped late type dwarf stone, which means Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” C/D or E (1941/42 I, p. 44). As no decoration is preserved at all, the monument can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century and around AD 1100. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, figs. 527–528; II, p. 130. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:6370"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka 18:2"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Tystebols III"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4930",
"value_resource_id": 4930,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4930",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0399",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0399_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "298"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades några år före 1926 vid konstruktionen av en bro, i en åker vid vägen mellan Västris och Tystebols, cirka 60 m öster om Tystebols. Upphittaren tog bildstenen till sin gård Tune. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nI trädgården till gården Tune, där den står tillsammans med GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en svampformig ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), bevarad höjd 58 cm och som bredast 41,5 cm. Inga bevarade bilder. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/67835ae2cda1e85288f0e1c514101e040ccbf050.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": " 6410713"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": " 711009"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDXmXYqBqq8TLzSMpbHIxgcAfP2OiQLG9gjViK5_L710A8?e=01ts5u"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4930",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0399"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2447",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2447,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 402 Stenkyrka kyrka 13",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/dae2660b2d38ea1f9c623cfbed9e17032545b7b0.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/dae2660b2d38ea1f9c623cfbed9e17032545b7b0.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dae2660b2d38ea1f9c623cfbed9e17032545b7b0.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:17+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T09:11:01+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4376",
"o:id": 4376
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4376",
"o:id": 4376
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 402 Stenkyrka kyrka 13"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0402"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka church. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Church"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is no information about the find circumstances of this fragment available. All that can be said is that it may have been found in Stenkyrka church after Lindqvist’s book was published. In “Gotlands Bildsteine”, Sune Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 115–118) lists nine picture stones from Stenkyrka church. By contrast, the list put together by Jan Peder Lamm in 2003 contains no fewer than 40 new discoveries (Lamm/Nylén 2003, nos. 238–276, 425, 426). The unusually large number of stones found not only in the church, but in the entire parish, is an indicator of the political and religious position that Stenkyrka probably already held even before the first church was built (see Roosval 1914, p. 5). Many of the new finds from the church were discovered during a large-scale restoration, which was carried out in 1954/55 according to plans by the architect Rolf Bergh. This is probably also the case with stone no. 13. \n\nThe earliest church at this place was probably a wooden building that was replaced by a stone church in the first half of the twelfth century. The foundations of the first stone church have been discovered beneath the flooring of the current church, built during the thirteenth century. The tower with its portal was erected between 1280 and 1310 (on the building’s architectural history, see Roosval 1911, pp. 84–86; 1914, pp. 1–52, esp. 21–24; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 239–243). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "This fragment preserves two opposite sections of both lateral edges of a picture stone. The upper and lower sides of the fragment represent irregular broken edges. The narrow sides are not hewn at right angles to the obverse, but at a slight angle. A chamfer between the narrow side and the obverse cannot be detected. The surface of the limestone slab is completely flat. Originally it was heavily textured, but now it is very worn and smooth. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "65"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "62"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Two parallel grooves run along each of the two lateral edges, which are the only border decoration. The lower edge of a large roundel is visible in the upper half. It is framed by a double line and seems to have contained a whorl motif, of which, however, only faint remains can be made out with great difficulty. The carvings are heavily abraded in this area. At the lower edge of the roundel frame, an almost fishtail-shaped extension emerges (see IX). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Regarding the interpretation of whirl motifs on Type A picture stones, which are usually taken as a representation of the sun and interpreted in a cosmological and eschatological sense, see in detail the article on GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395",
"value_resource_id": 2395,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2395",
"display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fragment of an early-type picture stone, ʻAbschnittʼ A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating to circa AD 400–600. Since the total width of the monument has been preserved and is only about 62 cm, the stone may have been only slightly larger than 100 high and could therefore perhaps still be addressed as a dwarf stone. The simple border decoration consisting of a double groove is typical for stones of the Brotypus (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 26–27), but also appears on other monuments such as GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum I. The almost fishtail-shaped extension at the lower edge of the roundel is otherwise only found on Vallstena Vallstenarum I. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2581",
"value_resource_id": 2581,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2581",
"display_title": "GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/330eb9346b652456ce190e40e3cd71bf7dcd07ae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0537.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Tall stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unclear"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Guber 2011, p. 145 cat. no. 71. "
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC10982"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4933",
"value_resource_id": 4933,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4933",
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"@value": "circle"
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "whorl"
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBkvzDc1kNBTZmebO6soFzTARyONJTGcU-d232wC36Fkfg?e=Rg8asb"
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 42 Bro kyrka III",
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"@value": "GP0042"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The tower of Bro church."
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Bro"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
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"@value": "Bro kyrka"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Med framsidan uppåt och den bearbetade kanten utåt som femte trappsteg nerifrån räknat inmurat i trappan i tornets södra mur"
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"@value": "Bro"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
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"@value": "In situ, incorporated into the tower stairs."
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "In-Loco"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
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"@value": "Bro kyrka"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "On the site of the present church in Bro, a Romanesque stone church with a nave and a choir with apse was built in the middle or second half of the 12th century (on the building history: Lundmark 1929; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 101–104; on new discoveries based on excavations and dendrochronological investigations: Widerström 2001a–c; Andrén 2011, pp. 167–169.). The Romanesque tower, which is still standing today, was added in 1214, as dated by dendrochronological analysis of the beams. Whether there was already a wooden church on the site before the stone building remains unclear; no remains of a previous building could be found. In the course of the 13th century, today’s large rectangular choir with sacristy was completed, and around 1300 the new Gothic nave. Consequently, only the tower and a few stones of an animal frieze on the south side of the nave have been preserved from the early stone church; the foundation of the Romanesque nave was confirmed during excavations in 2001. Under the nave of the church, in addition to medieval and modern burials, some grave finds from the 11th century were recovered; they belong to the group of kyrkogårdsfynden (ʻchurchyard findsʼ). A dress pin from the 10th century found in the tower could be explained as a single find but also allows the possibility that the church was built on a pre-Christian burial ground. From the 15th century at the latest, Bro church was an important pilgrimage and sacrificial church, which held a Holy Cross relic (Lundmark 1929, pp. 254–256; Stolt 2007, pp. 12–14; Pernler 2013, p. 92). According to popular tradition, there was a healing spring next to or even inside the church (in the sacristy) surviving as late as the 18th century. This circumstance, as well as a tree trunk walled into the tower in a curious way, the root of which protrudes from the west wall, has given rise to the assumption that the church was built on a pre-Christian cult site. However, there is no compelling evidence for this (Oehrl 2016a). \n\nSo far, eleven Type A picture stones and kerbstones have been found in the church of Bro (Oehrl 2016a, pp. 250–252). Six of these stones were found in the tower built in 1214: GP 44 Bro kyrka II is built into the southern outer wall of the tower (today the northern inner wall of the chamber added around 1300); GP 42 Bro kyrka III and GP 49 Bro kyrka IV are lying horizontally with their obverse sides facing upwards and with the trimmed edge outwards as the fifth and seventh step from the bottom in the staircase in the south wall of the tower (both discovered by E. Lundmark in 1913; Lundmark 1929, p. 279; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 31–32); GP 580 Bro kyrka V is integrated into the inside of the western tower wall at the northwest corner, 2.3 m above ground in the tower vault (ibid. 32); GP 35 Bro kyrka 10 and GP 36 Bro kyrka 11 were reused as foundation stones in the south wall of the tower, detected during excavations in 2001 (Widerström 2001a, p. 173; 2001c, p. 8). "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2091",
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"display_title": "GP 44 Bro kyrka II",
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2096",
"value_resource_id": 2096,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 49 Bro kyrka IV",
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"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2623",
"value_resource_id": 2623,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2623",
"display_title": "GP 580 Bro kyrka V"
},
{
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2082",
"value_resource_id": 2082,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2082",
"display_title": "GP 35 Bro kyrka 10"
},
{
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2083",
"value_resource_id": 2083,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2083",
"display_title": "GP 36 Bro kyrka 11"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The fragment has a rectangular shape; one of its long sides preserves the original hewn narrow side of the monument. This side faces outwards and forms the outer edge of the step. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, pp. 31–32) describes the fragment: “Limestone slab, 16 cm thick. The obverse, which is severely worn by footsteps, possibly was smoothed before the ornament was applied; the narrow side, preserved to a length of about 45 cm, appears to be slightly convex longitudinally as well as crosswise and was shaped at approximately right angles to the obverse, divided from it by a chamfer slightly more than 1 cm wide”. The visible width of the stone is approximately 34 cm, but the full dimensions of the stone cannot be determined because it is built into the staircase. \n\nBased on the similarities between the narrow convex sides and the decoration on the broad sides of GP 42 Bro kyrka III and GP 49 Bro kyrka IV, Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 32) suspects that both fragments form one and the same kerbstone. Looking at the two drawings by Olof Sörling (ibid. figs. 320–321), this assessment does not appear to make sense, due to the quite different convex curves of the preserved long sides. However, the long convex sides were not correctly reproduced in the drawings; in reality, both stones are approximately equally convex. Based on 3D digitisation, both fragments could be joined together virtually, which confirms Lindqvist’s assumption that they were part of the same stone. \nSO"
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2096",
"value_resource_id": 2096,
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"display_title": "GP 49 Bro kyrka IV",
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"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "34"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "16"
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],
"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings have been documented in a drawing by Olof Sörling, which was published by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 320). According to this drawing, the simple framing of a 20 cm diameter roundel consisting of a double line is largely preserved on the face of the slab. The whorl decoration of the roundel, however, is only rudimentarily preserved. It consisted of alternate gently chiselled and slightly raised crescent fields, of which only 2 or 3 can still be recognised. Along the original edge there is a slightly carved groove representing the border decoration. \nSO"
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 31–33, 110) categorized the Bro kyrka III and IV fragments as kerbstones (Randsteine) that he includes within his ʻAbschnittʼ A which dates to circa AD 400–600 (see also Oehrl 2019a, pp. 8–10). According to Lindqvist (1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/1942 I, pp. 31–33), the kerbstones formed an edge chain which surrounded a grave mound, possibly with an erected Type A picture stone in the center. However, no evidence has been found to confirm that any of the erected Type A picture stones were placed within a grave mound (Larkin 2023a, p. 50). Bro kyrka III and IV are assigned by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 33) to a subgroup of his group 6 kerbstones which include decorative elements on the broad side such as “rows of arches, rhombi, roundels, or triangles” (Randsteinplatten mit Bogen-, Rauten-, Rondellen- oder Triangelreihen in den Randborten). However, the roundel designs found on both Bro kyrka III and IV are distinctly different from the decorative panels that run across the full length of the other decorated kerbstones. These small roundels are similar to those found on a dwarf stone, GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1, however, while the Tofta stone is only 56 cm wide, the two Bro stones combined create a full stone that is 99 cm wide. \nCJL/SO "
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"display_title": "GP 49 Bro kyrka IV",
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2572",
"value_resource_id": 2572,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2572",
"display_title": "GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a07c7ed93d9acb550c9e53b61dff279efd6587da.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0527.jpg",
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Kerb stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unclear"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 28; 1941/42 II, pp. 31–32, fig. 320; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 181; Oehrl 2016a, pp. 251–252. "
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"ai2:raaID": [
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"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bro 24"
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"ai2:slID": [
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Bro, Kirche III"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4576",
"value_resource_id": 4576,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4576",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0042",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0042_RGB.nxz",
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],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "29"
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],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 302,
"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1913"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nStenen observerades första gången 1913, då den var inmurad i kyrkans södra torntrappa. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nSamma lokalisering som 1913. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av kantsten (typ A). Den synliga delen är 45 cm lång och 34 cm bred. Spår av kantdekoration. Förmodligen hänger kantstenen samman med GP 48 Bro kyrka IV, som också är en kantsten. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2095",
"value_resource_id": 2095,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2095",
"display_title": "GP 48 Bro socken"
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "whorl"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"@value": "The slab represents the almost rectangular left half of an early-type picture stone, including the root and most of the body, while the uppermost part is missing. The monument appears to have been split lengthwise. “Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse is even on its entire surface. The left narrow side is slightly concave longitudinally and hewn at right angles towards the broad side for up to 26 cm, measured from the upper broken edge. Between said narrow side and the broad side is a vague chamfer. The right vertical edge probably is secondary. At the time when the stone was used as a stairstep, this side was facing outwards. Abrasion by footsteps mainly affected the stone’s root end. The fragment’s height is 80 cm, and its width is 31–34 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 127). "
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],
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"@value": "Limestone"
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist provides a photo of the painted stone (1941/42 II, fig. 524; cf. ATA B3:80 [Faith-Ell 1937]) and describes the traced carvings as follows (ibid. p. 125): “The stone is decorated with two lines running along the chamfer and a small roundel with crescent fields, every second of which is sunken. The outer contours of the roundel in two (?) places present three short spikes standing close together and curving out slightly to the right, probably in order to merge, by means of an s-shaped curl, into another roundel that apparently once existed next to the surviving roundel on a part of the stone that is now lost.” A photo of the unpainted stone taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933, on which most of the described features are easily discernible, is kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling 1751:19b), as well as a drawing made by Olof Sörling in 1917 which also depicts all the relevant details. "
}
],
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"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
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}
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"property_label": "Limestone Type",
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"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
}
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"@value": "Tofta Formation (90%)"
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1910-12 på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Användes senare som trappsten på en gård \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nUngefär hälften av en tidig bildsten(period A), bevarad höjd 80 cm och som bredast 34 cm. Spår av en virvel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-500-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAa4P9ZurPnT4B4szQWNx8cAauLEzIXGCcAoVef1IkP2x0?e=ZNfwxy"
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"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
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"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
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"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
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"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
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"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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{
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"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Hittades vid undersökningav grav 12"
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],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Yes?"
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"@value": "SHM Storage"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen (citst) and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated several stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones X–XIV were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and 1914 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1916 (Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118–121). The small stone GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X was found during Nordin’s excavation of grave mound no. 11, just next to its walled edge (ibid. I, fig. 34; II, figs. 500, 508). The slab was standing upright, only about 10 cm protruding from the ground. Its decorated broad side was facing to the north, while its western narrow side was facing the north-eastern edge of mound no. 11, only 10 cm next to it. The stone mound no. 14 is situated only about 25 cm north of the stone slab. Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI was situated 1.25 m south of no. X with its decorated side facing south. It was standing upright, with its decorated broad side directly next to the stone mound no. 12 and thus seemed to be part of its surrounding wall. Most part of the stone was buried in the ground, as in the case of no. X, and only 10 cm were visible above ground. GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, which is worked but apparently not decorated, was standing about 80 cm southeast of mound no. 14, circa 100 cm east of stone no. X, facing to south/north as well, but was slightly tilted towards the south and east. Nothing else was found in its vicinity. The small stone was secured in the ground with one larger and several smaller fieldstones. The location, the results of the excavation and possible interpretations of these three unusual stones are discussed by Lindqvist in detail (ibid. 118–121), including maps, photos, and quotations of longer passages from Fredrik Nordin’s report (see ATA dnr 599/16). \n\nThe stone mound no. 11 (SHM 15227:11) contained a cremation burial with three small bronze lumps as the only recorded finds. Stone mound no. 12 (SHM 15227:12) also contained a cremation burial; apart from the burned human bones only unburned bones of sheep could be discovered. According to Lindqvist, mounds of this kind, with a surrounding stone wall, date to the Migration and Vendel Periods. As a matter of fact, stone mound no. 14 (SHM 15645; Nerman 1969/75, Grf. 292), which contained burned human bones, can be dated to the Vendel Period (7th century?) based on finds such as arrow heads and in particular a bone comb (see ibid. and Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 662). Apparently, Nordin believed that the small picture stones X, XI, and XII originally were erected as grave markers or decoration slabs related to the stone mounds and thus must be dated to the same period (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 120). Lindqvist (ibid. 120–121), however, suggests that the stones X and XI belonged together, forming a grave construction which was older than the mounds (see also ATA dnr 0870/33): \n\n“Perhaps […] these stones jointly mark the site of a subterranean grave (oriented north-south), of which it must in this case be assumed was older than the walled graves 11 and 12. As [Fredrik Nordin], however, did not seem to have taken this possibility into account, the National Antiquarian tasked Amanuensis E. Floderus with conducting an excavation on site and providing clarification.” However, Floderus was not able to discover any finds which could support this suggestion. “The possibility, at any rate, remains that the stones X and XI together represented a cenotaph. […] That the stones no. X and XI represented the remains of older monuments at the same site, is, in a certain way, confirmed by the stone slab that possibly could be understood as the kerbstone of a picture stone monument of ʻAbschnittʼ A and that lay just west of grave no. 14 and is mentioned by [Fredrik Nordin] in connection with the examination of that grave [GP 377–381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X]. […] According to [Fredrik Nordin’s] overview map, no. XII was slightly more than 1 m away from no. X, in an easterly direction. The broad sides were thus turned in the same directions as those of the other two stones. Therefore, it might be imagined that no. XII represented one of the short ends of another grave oriented north-south or part of a cenotaph.” "
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0372.jpg",
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},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2418",
"value_resource_id": 2418,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2418",
"display_title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0373.jpg",
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},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2422",
"value_resource_id": 2422,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2422",
"display_title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/109ddffce2d2033946a22eac345caa7c391d82ea.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0377.jpg",
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},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2423",
"value_resource_id": 2423,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2423",
"display_title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/68e3362a2f23ee6f4e87a0658b489412e407aba9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0378.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2424",
"value_resource_id": 2424,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2424",
"display_title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6a8f165cdddfe79e0cbc1bdb529d31f184764583.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0379.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2425",
"value_resource_id": 2425,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2425",
"display_title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2426",
"value_resource_id": 2426,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2426",
"display_title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2433",
"value_resource_id": 2433,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2433",
"display_title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/20ebf4feb6626832693622e94b44103744d0d211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0388.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2434",
"value_resource_id": 2434,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2434",
"display_title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/694b9f0ade9f60ba16bc50fe7933244ad7b963f7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0389.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2435",
"value_resource_id": 2435,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2435",
"display_title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1a0f811d100f91402796fd53985ba29b1d786c49.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0390.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
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"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2436",
"value_resource_id": 2436,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2436",
"display_title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/990c82a844982cfa9e85400ff4e50aa7cf3bbffe.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0391.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2437",
"value_resource_id": 2437,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2437",
"display_title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/2dd329ae970f4f32dd0172bbd3b7b56ff4f4eecc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0392.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2438",
"value_resource_id": 2438,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2438",
"display_title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2439",
"value_resource_id": 2439,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2439",
"display_title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/646ac1025575e1f16239d033733cac66deedfccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0394.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2440",
"value_resource_id": 2440,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2440",
"display_title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cd3f96e2ea23815426e513d78c1073421cb88b76.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0395.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2441",
"value_resource_id": 2441,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2441",
"display_title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/b12df5764883ff37f2ed5bf223c333202cdf297a.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0396.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2474",
"value_resource_id": 2474,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2474",
"display_title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e06c3ab493f0765c1f61d9d597bdc1435627dc6d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0429.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 9–11 cm thick. The obverse is rich in fossils and quite knobby, while the reverse is smooth. The obverse probably had once been hewn above the root. The narrow sides are hewn above the root, the vertical sides are straight lengthwise but slightly convex crosswise. The obverse is convex longitudinally, and even or insignificantly convex across. A 2.5 cm wide chamfer separates the narrow sides from the reverse. The stone’s total height is 74 cm, of which 40 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. At the root and above the root, the width is 36 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). The small monument is completely preserved. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "74"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "36"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "11"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“On the obverse, the stone is decorated along the vertical edges with two rough lines with rounded bases, and along the upper edge with wider and shallower double lines. In the field, no traces of decoration are found” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). The carved grooves (which are not painted) are clearly discernable (see ibid. I, fig. 32; cf. ATA 105:11 [taken 1918] and B3:88 [taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1937]. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Early-type picture stone, Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, which is commonly dated to between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist calls those monuments Type A “dwarf stones with rectangular or almost rectangular shape” (1941/42 I, p. 31). There is only a small number of stones of this kind known so far; apart from GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X, Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI, and GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, only GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV are to be mentioned. There is only very poor decoration on these stones which makes it debatable whether those monuments should be called ʻpicture stonesʼ or not. The grave mounds next to the small, erected stones from Lillbjärs are dated by Lindqvist to the later Migration Period or the Vendel Period (ibid. II, p. 120; see IV). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2476",
"value_resource_id": 2476,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2476",
"display_title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bf9ee8013a52e35e0001b4315f03013a23484688.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0431.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2233",
"value_resource_id": 2233,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2233",
"display_title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a04b570d17e04fce3bb96542aae745f68084a303.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0187.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2234",
"value_resource_id": 2234,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2234",
"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/51d0f23e41e088f2041b2d520e86f7642ed63eb4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0188.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 31, figs. 32, 34; II, pp. 118–121, 126, figs. 500, 508; Oehrl 2019a, p. 32, fig. 18. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XI"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4961",
"value_resource_id": 4961,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4961",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0430",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "286"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15645"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913-14 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1916. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad bildsten ”dvärgsten” (period A), 74 cm hög och som bredast 36 cm. Spår av kantdekor. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-500-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6410855"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "710614"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBqe5-jHvfGSa4SOzTTTcp9AWdyKAJgZSVyM5uh9hYKBiw?e=c3Keum"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2233",
"o:title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2234",
"o:title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2235",
"o:title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
"o:title": "GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415",
"o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416",
"o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
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"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen and other circular or almost circular stone mounds), as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number has been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place in the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated several stone settings in 1913 as well as during the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones X–XIV were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and 1914 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1916 (Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118–121). The small stone GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X was found during Nordin’s excavation of grave mound no. 11, just next to its walled edge (ibid. I, fig. 34; II, figs. 500, 508). The slab was standing upright, with only about 10 cm protruding from the ground. Its decorated broad side faced to the north, while its western narrow side faced the north-eastern edge of mound no. 11, only 10 cm next to it. The stone mound no. 14 is situated only about 25 cm north of the stone slab. GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI was situated 1.25 m south of no. X with its decorated side facing south. It stood upright, with its decorated broad side directly next to the stone mound no. 12 and thus seemed to be part of its surrounding wall. Most of the stone was buried in the ground, as in the case of no. X, and only 10 cm was visible above ground. Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, which is worked but apparently not decorated, stood about 80 cm southeast of mound no. 14, circa 100 cm east of stone no. X, facing to south/north as well, but was slightly tilted towards the south and east. Nothing else was found in its vicinity. The small stone was secured in the ground with one larger and several smaller fieldstones. The location, the results of the excavation and possible interpretations of these three unusual stones are discussed by Lindqvist in detail (ibid. 118–121), including maps, photos, and quotations of longer passages from Fredrik Nordin’s report (see ATA dnr 599/16). \n\nThe stone mound no. 11 (SHM 15227:11) contained a cremation burial with three small bronze lumps as only recorded finds. Stone mound no. 12 (SHM 15227:12) also contained a cremation burial; apart from the burned human bones only unburned bones of sheep could be discovered. According to Lindqvist, mounds of this kind, with a surrounding stone wall, date to the Migration and Vendel Periods. As a matter of fact, stone mound no. 14 (SHM 15645; Nerman 1969/75, Grf. 292), which contained burned human bones, can be dated to the Vendel Period (7th century?) based on finds such as arrow heads and in particular a bone comb (see ibid. and Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 662). Apparently, Nordin believed that the small picture stones X, XI, and XII originally were erected as grave markers or decoration slabs related to the stone mounds and thus must be dated to the same period (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 120). Lindqvist (ibid. 120–121), however, suggests that the stones X and XI belonged together, forming a grave construction which was older than the mounds (see also ATA dnr 0870/33): \n\n“Perhaps […] these stones jointly mark the site of a subterranean grave (oriented north-south), of which it must in this case be assumed was older than the walled graves 11 and 12. As [Fredrik Nordin], however, did not seem to have taken this possibility into account, the National Antiquarian tasked Amanuensis E. Floderus with conducting an excavation on site and providing clarification.” However, Floderus was not able to discover any finds which could support this suggestion. “The possibility, at any rate, remains that the stones X and XI together represented a cenotaph. […] That the stones no. X and XI represented the remains of older monuments at the same site, is, in a certain way, confirmed by the stone slab that possibly could be understood as the kerbstone of a picture stone monument of ʻAbschnittʼ A and that lay just west of grave no. 14 and is mentioned by [Fredrik Nordin] in connection with the examination of that grave [GP 377–381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X]. […] According to [Fredrik Nordin’s] overview map, no. XII was slightly more than 1 m away from no. X, in an easterly direction. The broad sides were thus turned in the same direction as those of the other two stones. Therefore, it might be imagined that no. XII represented one of the short ends of another grave oriented north-south or part of a cenotaph.” "
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"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse has bumps, the reverse is rough and unworked. The upper edge is slightly convex lengthwise, the vertical sides are almost straight. The stone’s total height is 73 cm, of which almost 40 cm are accounted for by the part above the root. At the base, the width is 41 cm, further up, it is 43 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). The stone’s root is more or less triangular. The small monument is completely preserved. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "73"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "43"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Apart from perhaps certain horizontal lines, there are no clear traces of decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). The horizontal lines observed by Lindqvist cannot be verified with certainty. See ibid. I, fig. 33 and the photos in ATA taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (1718:17) and from 1925 (594:6b). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Early-type picture stone, Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, which is commonly dated to between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist calls those monuments Type A “dwarf stones with rectangular or almost rectangular shape” (1941/42 I, p. 31). There are only a small number of stones of this kind known so far; apart from GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X, GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI, and Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, only GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II and GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV are to be mentioned. There is only very poor decoration on these stones which makes it debatable whether those monuments should be called ʻpicture stonesʼ or not. The grave mounds next to the small, erected stones from Lillbjärs are dated by Lindqvist to the later Migration Period or the Vendel Period (ibid. II, p. 120; see IV). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2485",
"value_resource_id": 2485,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2485",
"display_title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0440.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2475",
"value_resource_id": 2475,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2475",
"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ca143822ce548dfc7e46a97d7e0dfcdfceeb8394.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0430O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2233",
"value_resource_id": 2233,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2233",
"display_title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a04b570d17e04fce3bb96542aae745f68084a303.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0187.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2234",
"value_resource_id": 2234,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2234",
"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/51d0f23e41e088f2041b2d520e86f7642ed63eb4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0188.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 31, figs. 32, 34; II, pp. 118–121, 126, figs. 500, 508; Oehrl 2019a, p. 32. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka, Lillbjärs XII"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4962",
"value_resource_id": 4962,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4962",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0431"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "287"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15645"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913-14 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1916. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad bildsten ”dvärgsten” (period A), 73 cm hög och som bredast 43 cm. Spår av horisontella linjer. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-500-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6410855"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "710614"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2233",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2235",
"o:title": "GP 189 Hejnum Bjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
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}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2415",
"o:title": "GP 370 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2416",
"o:title": "GP 371 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
"o:title": "GP 372 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
"o:title": "GP 373 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2425",
"o:title": "GP 380 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VId"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
"o:title": "GP 381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIe"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
"o:title": "GP 388 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
"o:title": "GP 389 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2436",
"o:title": "GP 391 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
"o:title": "GP 393 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
"o:title": "GP 394 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2440",
"o:title": "GP 395 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2441",
"o:title": "GP 396 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
"o:title": "GP 429 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XVI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
"o:title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
"o:title": "GP 390 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2485",
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4962",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0431"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2485,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X",
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"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1cb2cc3c6d9e4be596d356acef7289788e6a1211.jpg"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-17T08:15:30+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4406",
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"o:media": [
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"property_id": 1,
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"@value": "GP 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0440"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The Lilla Bjärs cemetery in Stenkyrka parish, erected next to a stone mound. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hittades vid undersökning av grav 11"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes?"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The cemetery of Lillbjärs (or Lilla Bjärs, sometimes just Bjärs, also as Bjers), in Stenkyrka parish is one of the largest and most important grave fields on Gotland (RAÄ Stenkyrka 26:1; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III:2, p. 627). It includes more than 1000 visible stone settings (rösen) and other circular or almost circular stone mounds, as well as a ship-shaped stone setting from the Bronze Age (5 x 2.25 m), and a monumental (17 m in diameter) grave mound called ʻÄuglehaugʼ (or ʻUgglehaugʼ), which probably dates to the Migration Period. An old path of about 550 m leads through the entire area in an east-west direction. Many of the graves were robbed; only a small number have been excavated, including about a dozen dating to the Viking Period. Remarkable features of the stone mounds are a surrounding dry-stone wall consisting of several layers of limestone slabs, as well as the frequent occurrence of grave orbs (large spherical stones) (gravklot), erected stone slabs, and picture stones in the immediate context of the (Vendel or Viking Period) graves (ibid. pp. 582–583). Lindqvist published nineteen picture stones from this grave field – GP 369–373, 377–381, 388–396, 429–431, 440 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–XIX. \n\n“In November 1908, O. V. Wennersten reported in a letter to the National Antiquarian that a local, Emil Svensson in Tune, had discovered three picture stones on the ground belonging to Lillbjärs and taken custody of them. […] On this occasion, the antiquarian Emil Eckhoff visited the find place during the following summer and sent to SHM the stones [Stenkyrka Lillbjärs I–VI] as well as three fragments of another slab, which, however, did not clearly represent a picture stone. He also collected numerous grave orbs (gravklot) […]. In 1911, [Fredrik Nordin] visited the site and was given more information by Svensson about the find place and the circumstances of the discovery of the stones […]. When [Fredrik Nordin] returned in 1913 to conduct excavations, Svensson in the meantime had moved away, and unfortunately, it turned out to be impossible to locate all the find places described by him” (ibid.). Nordin excavated several stone settings in 1913 as well as in the following summer and discovered eight more picture stones in situ (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VII–XIV). Between 1910 and 1912, three more picture stones were reported to Gotlands Museum by Svensson and moved to Visby where they are still kept today (Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XV–XVIII). Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XIX was found later, in 1927. \n\nMost of the picture stones from Stenkyrka church presumably came from the Lillbjärs cemetery as well. Nevertheless, the stock of picture stones from this site can by no means have been recorded completely, and there is good reason to believe that this grave field in the future will provide even more discoveries (cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 118). \n\nThe stones X–XIV were discovered by Fredrik Nordin during investigations conducted in 1913 and 1914 and delivered to Statens Historiska Museum in 1916 (Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 118–121). The small stone Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X was found during Nordin’s excavation of grave mound no. 11, just next to its walled edge (ibid. I, fig. 34; II, figs. 500, 508). The slab was standing upright, only about 10 cm protruding from the ground. Its decorated broad side faced to the north, while its western narrow side faced the north-eastern edge of mound no. 11, only 10 cm next to it. The stone mound no. 14 is situated only about 25 cm north of the stone slab. The similar small stone slab GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI was situated 1.25 m south of no. X with its decorated side facing south. It stood upright, with its decorated broad side directly next to the stone mound no. 12 and thus seemed to be part of its surrounding wall. Most part of the stone was buried in the ground, as in the case of no. X, and only 10 cm were visible above ground. GP 431 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XII, which is worked but apparently not decorated, stood about 80 cm southeast of mound no. 14, circa 100 cm east of stone no. X, facing to south/north as well, but was slightly tilted towards the south and east. Nothing else was found in its vicinity. The small stone was secured in the ground with one larger and several smaller fieldstones. The location, the results of the excavation and possible interpretations of these three unusual stones are discussed by Lindqvist in detail (ibid. 118–121), including maps, photos, and quotations of longer passages from Fredrik Nordin’s report (see ATA dnr 599/16). \n\nThe stone mound no. 11 (SHM 15227:11) contained a cremation burial with three small bronze lumps as only recorded finds. Stone mound no. 12 (SHM 15227:12) also contained a cremation burial; apart from the burned human bones only unburned bones of sheep could be discovered. According to Lindqvist, mounds of this kind, with a surrounding stone wall, date to the Migration and Vendel Periods. As a matter of fact, stone mound no. 14 (SHM 15645; Nerman 1969/75, Grf. 292), which contained burned human bones, can be dated to the Vendel Period (7th century?) based on finds such as arrow heads and in particular a bone comb (see ibid. and Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:2, p. 662). Apparently, Nordin believed that the small picture stones X, XI, and XII originally were erected as grave markers or decoration slabs related to the stone mounds and thus must be dated to the same period (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 120). Lindqvist (ibid. 120–121), however, suggests that the stones X and XI belonged together, forming a grave construction which was older than the mounds (see also ATA dnr 0870/33): \n\n“Perhaps […] these stones jointly mark the site of a subterranean grave (oriented north-south), of which it must in this case be assumed was older than the walled graves 11 and 12. As [Fredrik Nordin], however, did not seem to have taken this possibility into account, the National Antiquarian tasked Amanuensis E. Floderus with conducting an excavation on site and providing clarification.” However, Floderus was not able to discover any finds which could support this suggestion. “The possibility, at any rate, remains that the stones X and XI together represented a cenotaph. […] That the stones no. X and XI represented the remains of older monuments at the same site, is, in a certain way, confirmed by the stone slab that possibly could be understood as the kerbstone of a picture stone monument of ʻAbschnittʼ A and that lay just west of grave no. 14 and is mentioned by [Fredrik Nordin] in connection with the examination of that grave [GP 377–381 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X]. […] According to [Fredrik Nordin’s] overview map, no. XII was slightly more than 1 m away from no. X, in an easterly direction. The broad sides were thus turned in the same direction as those of the other two stones. Therefore, it might be imagined that no. XII represented one of the short ends of another grave oriented north-south or part of a cenotaph.” "
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"display_title": "GP 430 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs XI",
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"@value": "“Apart from wide, shallow inner framing lines of 5 cm wide borders along the right and left edges, there are no distinct remains of the decoration” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 126). These lines are very hard to verify. On the photo of the (unpainted) stone published by Lindqvist, these remains of border decoration cannot be discerned at all (ibid. I, fig. 31; cf. ATA Run- och bildstenssamling 1751:13 [taken 1933 by H. Faith-Ell]; 594:45b [taken 1925]. "
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"value_resource_id": 2233,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2233",
"display_title": "GP 187 Hejnum Bjärs II",
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"display_title": "GP 188 Hejnum Bjärs IV",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0188.jpg",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
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{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
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"@value": "Fornvännen 1917, p. 15; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 31, figs. 31, 34; II, pp. 118–121, 125–126, figs. 500, 508; Oehrl 2019a, p. 32, fig. 18. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Stenkyrka Lillbjärs X"
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],
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{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4971",
"value_resource_id": 4971,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4971",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0440"
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "285"
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],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15645"
}
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1913-14 vid ett gravröse, vid grävningar på gravfältet Lillbjärs. Överlämnades till Statens Historiska Museum 1916. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad bildsten ”dvärgsten” (period A), 67 cm hög och som bredast 35,5 cm. Spår av kantdekor. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-500-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
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"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6410855"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "710614"
}
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
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"@value": "675775"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2417",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2418",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2422",
"o:title": "GP 377 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIa"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2423",
"o:title": "GP 378 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIb"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2424",
"o:title": "GP 379 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIc"
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2426",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2433",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2434",
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2437",
"o:title": "GP 392 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs VIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2438",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2439",
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{
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{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2474",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2475",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2476",
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2435",
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"@value": "Hittad i västra gaveln i långhuset"
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"@value": "The fragments GP 489–491, 496, 506 Tingstäde kyrka XV–XIX were observed lying on the church floor in 1914 by Efraim Lundmark. They originated from the nave’s gable wall, the masonry of the triumphal arch, in which a hole had been broken during the construction of a chimney. In the same year, all those fragments were taken to Gotlands Museum. Lundmark (1925, p. 173) emphasises that only a few of the relevant fragments originating from the triumphal arch were transferred to Gotlands Museum, while most of them were transported to the nearby lake Tingstäde träsk. Lindqvist adds in a footnote (1941/42 II, p. 135): “In 1920, several other stones were transferred to GF that came from the same part of the roof masonry as stones Nos. XV–XIX together with the note that they represented fragments of picture stones. They were entered in the inventory sheet as No. C4645–4658. They surely display – at least in part – a trimming at their edges characteristic for the purpose they served in the masonry. I was not able, however, to find clear proof for the notion that these stones represent fragments of picture stones.” \n\nIn total, not fewer than 26 picture stones from Tingstäde church are registered in Lamm/Nylén 2003 – The stones Tingstäde kyrka I–XX were published by Lindqvist. In 1984, Beata Böttger-Niedenzu discovered GP 507–509 Tingstäde kyrka 21–23, and GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24. Two more stones, which are incorporated into the wall of the tower, were discovered between 1990 and 2002 (GP 497–498 Tingstäde kyrka 25–26). The first Romanesque building with a nave and an apsidal choir was erected during the 12th century. In the beginning of the 13th century, the nave was enlarged, and around the middle of the century the old choir was replaced by the present one. The Romanesque portal which today leads to the sacristy probably represents the choir portal of the 12th century church which was re-used in the new building. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2551",
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"display_title": "GP 506 Tingstäde kyrka XVII",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2552",
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"display_title": "GP 507 Tingstäde kyrka 21"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2553",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2539",
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"display_title": "GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2542",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2543",
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "A drawing by Olof Sörling is reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 545), a photo of the unpainted stone kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). “Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse seems to have been naturally even, but now is quite knobby. At the narrowest edge of the parallelepiped fragment are the 14-cm long remains of an original narrow side that is hewn at approximately right angles towards the obverse, albeit also slightly convex crosswise. The reverse is rough and unworked. Measured from the narrow side, in the cross direction, the piece is 57 cm long, and at a right angle towards this line, the maximum width is 33 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 135). "
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"@value": "17"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 135) describes the very poor remains of carvings as follows: “The decoration appears to have been executed in the same rough manner as on fragment No. XVI – it might be imagined that both were part of the same stone –, but it was damaged when a large part of the obverse roughly was chiseled off, probably in order to fit the piece into the masonry. Close to the narrow side, remains of a broad framing border can be made out.” Sörling’s drawing only depicts a narrow band or a double line, which possibly represents a part of the border’s inner framing. On the opposite side, the drawing seems to show remains of a fine tendril pattern, reminiscent of Late Viking rune stone ornament (Urnes style?). "
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],
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) regards the fragments GP 489–490 Tingstäde kyrka XV–XVI (which he believes to originate from one and the same monument) as well as GP 491 Tingstäde kyrka XVIII as Type C ʻdwarf stonesʼ. The picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700. According to recent research, however, those stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. However, the fragments’ poor decoration does not allow for a reliable evaluation, so the type can only be given as ʻlate-typeʼ, which means Type C–E, dating between the 8th century and around AD 1100. The labelling as ʻdwarf stoneʼ is uncertain as well. "
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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{
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"@value": "L1976:6710 "
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"@value": "Tingstäde 142:1"
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen observerades första gången 1914, då den låg på golvet, efter att ha tagit ut från triumfbågens mur, vid uppförandet av en skorsten. Stenen inlämnades samma år till Gotland Museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), bevarad höjd 57 cm och som bredast 33 cm. Kan möjligen höra samman med GP 490 -91 Tingstäde kyrka XVI och XVIII. Spår av kantdekor. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"o:id": 2888
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"@value": "GP 49 Bro kyrka IV"
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"@value": "GP0049"
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"type": "uri",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "The tower of Bro church."
}
],
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Bro"
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"property_id": 292,
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"@value": "Bro kyrka"
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"ai2:findLocationContext": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Inmurad i trappan i tornets södra mur som sjunde trappsteg nerifrån räknat."
}
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"@value": "Bro"
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"@value": "In situ, incorporated into the tower stairs."
}
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"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
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{
"type": "customvocab:6",
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "In-Loco"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Bro kyrka"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "On the site of the present church in Bro, a Romanesque stone church with a nave and a choir with apse was built in the middle or second half of the 12th century (on the building history: Lundmark 1929; Lagerlöf/Svahnström 1991, pp. 101–104; on the new findings based on excavations and dendrochronological investigations: Widerström 2001a–c; Andrén 2011, pp. 167–169.). Somewhat later, in 1214, the Romanesque tower still standing today was added, the beams of which have been dendrochronologically dated. Whether there was already a wooden church on the site before the stone building remains unclear; no remains of a predecessor building could be found. In the course of the 13th century, today’s large rectangular choir with sacristy was completed, and around 1300 the new Gothic nave. Consequently, only the tower and a few stones of an animal frieze in the south side of the nave have been preserved from the early stone church; the foundation of the Romanesque nave was confirmed during excavations in 2001. Under the nave of the church, in addition to medieval and modern burials, some grave finds from the 11th century were recovered; they belong to the group of kyrkogårdsfynden (ʻchurchyard findsʼ). A dress pin from the 10th century found in the tower could be explained as a single find, but also allows the possibility that the church was built on a pre-Christian burial ground. From the 15th century at the latest, Bro church was an important pilgrimage and sacrificial church, which kept a Holy Cross relic (Lundmark 1929, pp. 254–256; Stolt 2007, pp. 12–14; Pernler 2013, p. 92). According to popular tradition, there was a healing spring next to or even inside the church (in the sacristy) as late as the 18th century. This circumstance, as well as a tree trunk walled into the tower in a curious way, the root of which protrudes from the west wall, have given rise to the assumption that the church was built on a pre-Christian cult site. However, there is no compelling evidence for this (Oehrl 2016a). \n\nSo far, eleven Type A picture stones and kerbstones have been found in the church of Bro (Oehrl 2016a, pp. 250–252). Six of these stones were found in the tower built in 1214: GP 44 Bro kyrka II is built into the southern outer wall of the tower (today the northern inner wall of the chamber added around 1300); GP 42 Bro kyrka III and GP 49 Bro kyrka IV are lying horizontally with their obverse facing upwards and with the trimmed edge outwards as the fifth and seventh step from the bottom in the staircase in the south wall of the tower (both discovered by E. Lundmark in 1913; Lundmark 1929, p. 279; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 31–32); GP 580 Bro kyrka V is integrated into the inside of the western tower wall at the northwest corner, 2.3 m above ground in the tower vault (ibid. 32); GP 35 Bro kyrka 10 and GP 36 Bro kyrka 11 were reused as foundation stones in the south wall of the tower, detected during excavations in 2001 (Widerström 2001a, p. 173; 2001c, p. 8). "
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2091",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2091",
"display_title": "GP 44 Bro kyrka II",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2089",
"value_resource_id": 2089,
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"url": "/s/index/item/2089",
"display_title": "GP 42 Bro kyrka III",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2623",
"value_resource_id": 2623,
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"display_title": "GP 580 Bro kyrka V"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2082",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 35 Bro kyrka 10"
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{
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"property_id": 282,
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2083",
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"display_title": "GP 36 Bro kyrka 11"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "The fragment has a rectangular shape; one of its long sides, which is strongly convex, preserves the original narrow side of the monument. This side faces outwards and forms the outer edge of the step. The limestone slab is about 15 cm thick. Its slightly convex narrow side is preserved to a length of 54 cm and was shaped at approximately right angles to the obverse, divided from it by a chamfer slightly more than 1 cm wide. The obverse of the stone is severely worn by footsteps. The visible width of the stone is about 33 cm, but the full dimensions of the stone cannot be determined because it is built into the staircase. \n\nBased on the similarities between the narrow convex sides and the decoration on the broad sides of GP 42 Bro kyrka III and GP 49 Bro kyrka IV, Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 32) suspects that both fragments form one and the same kerbstone. Looking at the two drawings by Olof Sörling (ibid. figs. 320–321), this assessment does not appear to make sense, due to the quite different convex shape of the preserved long sides. However, the long convex sides were not correctly reproduced in the drawings; in reality, both stones are approximately equally convex. On the basis of 3D digitisation, both fragments could be virtually joined together, which confirms Lindqvist’s assumption that they were part of the same stone. \nSO "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2089",
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"display_title": "GP 42 Bro kyrka III",
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"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "54"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "33"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
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],
"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings have been documented in a drawing by Olof Sörling, which was published by Lindqvist (1941/42 II, fig. 321) in his catalogue. “On the obverse, which is severely worn by footsteps, a groove is running along the edge, and there is a roundel, but of its ornamentation (traces of a cruciform partitioning?) hardly anything can be determined” (ibid. p. 32). Re-examination based on 3D modelling suggests that the roundel (19 cm in diameter) features a flower-like rosette motif, similar to that on GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1, for example. Sörling’s drawing does not accurately depict the 1 cm wide chiseled groove that runs parallel to the upper long edge and then turns down at the corner and continues down the one short side. \nSO "
},
{
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2572",
"value_resource_id": 2572,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2572",
"display_title": "GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a07c7ed93d9acb550c9e53b61dff279efd6587da.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 31–33, 110) categorized the Bro kyrka III and IV fragments as kerbstones (Randsteine) that he includes within his ʻAbschnittʼ A which dates to circa AD 400–600 (see also Oehrl 2019a, pp. 8–10). According to Lindqvist (1933, pp. 105, 107; 1941/1942 I, pp. 31–33), the kerbstones formed an edge chain which surrounded a grave mound, possibly with an erected Type A picture stone in the center. However, no evidence has been found to confirm that any of the erected Type A picture stones were placed within a grave mound (Larkin 2023a, p. 50). Bro kyrka III and IV are assigned by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 28, 33) to a subgroup of his group 6 kerbstones which include decorative elements on the broad side such as “rows of arches, rhombi, roundels, or triangles” (Randsteinplatten mit Bogen-, Rauten-, Rondellen- oder Triangelreihen in den Randborten). However, the roundel designs found on both Bro kyrka III and IV are distinctly different from the decorative panels that run across the full length of the other decorated kerbstones. These small roundels are similar to those found on a dwarf stone, GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1, however, while the Tofta stone is only c. 56 cm wide, the two Bro stones combined create a full stone that is c. 99 cm wide. \nCJL/SO "
},
{
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2089",
"value_resource_id": 2089,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2089",
"display_title": "GP 42 Bro kyrka III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/64fc2558cf885388d92176704649b9646efbbba6.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0042.jpg",
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{
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2572",
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"display_title": "GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a07c7ed93d9acb550c9e53b61dff279efd6587da.jpg",
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kerb stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unclear"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 32, fig. 320; Oehrl 2016a, pp. 251–252. "
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bro 24"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bro, Kirche IV"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
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"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"o:title": "GP 490 Tingstäde kyrka XVI",
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"type": "uri",
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"property_label": "Links",
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Tingstäde church, incorporated into the masonry of the nave. "
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"type": "customvocab:7",
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Church"
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"@value": "Tingstäde"
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"@value": "Tingstäde kyrka"
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Hittad på vinden vid bygge av skorsten"
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"property_label": "Grave or Not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"property_id": 314,
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The fragments GP 489–491, 496, 506 Tingstäde kyrka XV–XIX were observed lying on the church floor in 1914 by Efraim Lundmark. They originated from the nave’s gable wall, the masonry of the triumphal arch, in which a hole had been broken during the construction of a chimney. In the same year, all those fragments were taken to Gotlands Museum. Lundmark (1925, p. 173) emphasises that only a few of the relevant fragments originating from the triumphal arch were transferred to Gotlands Museum, while most of them were transported to the nearby lake Tingstäde träsk. Lindqvist adds in a footnote (1941/42 II, p. 135): “In 1920, several other stones were transferred to GF that came from the same part of the roof masonry as stones Nos. XV–XIX together with the note that they represented fragments of picture stones. They were entered in the inventory sheet as No. C 4645–4658. They surely display – at least in part – a trimming at their edges characteristic for the purpose they served in the masonry. I was not able, however, to find clear proof for the notion that these stones represent fragments of picture stones.” \n\nIn total, not fewer than 26 picture stones from Tingstäde church are registered in Lamm/Nylén 2003 – The stones Tingstäde kyrka I–XX were published by Lindqvist. In 1984, Beata Böttger-Niedenzu discovered GP 507–509 Tingstäde kyrka 21–23, and GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24. Two more stones, which are incorporated into the wall of the tower, were discovered between 1990 and 2002 (GP 497–498 Tingstäde kyrka 25–26). The first Romanesque building with a nave and an apsidal choir was erected during the 12th century. In the beginning of the 13th century, the nave was enlarged, and around the middle of the century the old choir was replaced by the present one. The Romanesque portal which today leads to the sacristy probably represents the choir portal of the 12th century church which was re-used in the new building. "
},
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"display_title": "GP 489 Tingstäde kyrka XV"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2536",
"value_resource_id": 2536,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2536",
"display_title": "GP 491 Tingstäde kyrka XVIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/82178db2eda4ed01060a3eea17946f57bee9ca68.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0491.jpg",
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2551",
"value_resource_id": 2551,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2551",
"display_title": "GP 506 Tingstäde kyrka XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/add4277c8661737178ee16069235442a59dd1ae4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0506.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2552",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 507 Tingstäde kyrka 21"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2553",
"value_resource_id": 2553,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2553",
"display_title": "GP 508 Tingstäde kyrka 22",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a255fa564204a28354d089a4504076ff0a33e122.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0508.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2554",
"value_resource_id": 2554,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2554",
"display_title": "GP 509 Tingstäde kyrka 23",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ff206b997a7437189ca04ccd3b334c3b6312dc85.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0509.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2539",
"value_resource_id": 2539,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2539",
"display_title": "GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0494.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2542",
"value_resource_id": 2542,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2542",
"display_title": "GP 497 Tingstäde kyrka 25",
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"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2543",
"value_resource_id": 2543,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2543",
"display_title": "GP 498 Tingstäde kyrka 26"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A drawing by Olof Sörling is reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 545), a photo of the unpainted stone kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). “Limestone slab, up to 10 cm thick. The obverse seems to have been naturally even. Of the original narrow sides, no trace survives. The reverse is rough and unworked. The diagonals of the rhombic fragment are 35 cm and 42 cm long, respectively” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 136). "
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],
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"property_label": "Height",
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"@value": "42"
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "35"
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"@value": "10"
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],
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Of the decoration, part of a chequered sail is preserved, of which every other rectangle is chiseled. Also, several narrow, intersecting bands (sheet ropes?) can be seen in a sunken background field. Details cannot be established with any certainty anymore” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 136). According to Lindqvist (ibid. p. 135), the decoration appears to have been executed in the same rough manner as on fragment GP 489 Tingstäde kyrka XV, and both pieces originate from one picture stone. Therefore, Lamm subsumes them under one number in his catalogue (311). "
},
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2534",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 489 Tingstäde kyrka XV"
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 44) regards the fragments GP 489–490 Tingstäde kyrka XV–XVI (which he believes to originate from one and the same monument) as well as GP 491 Tingstäde kyrka XVIII as Type C ʻdwarf stonesʼ. The picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ C are dated by Lindqvist to the time around AD 700. According to recent research, however, those stones can only be roughly dated to between the 8th century (or rather around AD 800) and the 10th century. However, the fragments’ poor decoration does not allow for a reliable evaluation, so the type can only be given as ʻlate-typeʼ, which means Type C–E, dating between the 8th century and around AD 1100. The labelling as ʻdwarf stoneʼ is uncertain as well. "
},
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Unclear"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
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"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"@value": "Lundmark 1925, pp. 172–173; Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 135–136, fig. 546. "
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"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1976:6710 "
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Tingstäde 142:1"
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Tingstäde, Kirche XVI"
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],
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"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC2639"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5021",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0490",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0490_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "311"
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"@value": "The fragments GP 489–491, 496, 506 Tingstäde kyrka XV–XIX were observed lying on the church floor in 1914 by Efraim Lundmark. They originated from the nave’s gable wall, the masonry of the triumphal arch, in which a hole had been broken during the construction of a chimney. In the same year, all those fragments were taken to Gotlands Museum. Lundmark (1925, p. 173) emphasises that only a few of the relevant fragments originating from the triumphal arch were transferred to Gotlands Museum, while most of them were transported to the nearby lake Tingstäde träsk. Lindqvist adds in a footnote (1941/42 II, p. 135): “In 1920, several other stones were transferred to GF that came from the same part of the roof masonry as stones Nos. XV–XIX together with the note that they represented fragments of picture stones. They were entered in the inventory sheet as No. C 4645–4658. They surely display – at least in part – a trimming at their edges characteristic for the purpose they served in the masonry. I was not able, however, to find clear proof for the notion that these stones represent fragments of picture stones.” \n\nIn total, not fewer than 26 picture stones from Tingstäde church are registered in Lamm/Nylén 2003 – The stones Tingstäde kyrka I–XX were published by Lindqvist. In 1984, Beata Böttger-Niedenzu discovered GP 507–509 Tingstäde kyrka 21–23, and GP 494 Tingstäde kyrka 24. Two more stones, which are incorporated into the wall of the tower, were discovered between 1990 and 2002 (GP 497–498 Tingstäde kyrka 25–26). The first Romanesque building with a nave and an apsidal choir was erected during the 12th century. In the beginning of the 13th century, the nave was enlarged, and around the middle of the century the old choir was replaced by the present one. The Romanesque portal which today leads to the sacristy probably represents the choir portal of the 12th century church which was re-used in the new building. "
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"@value": "A drawing by Olof Sörling is reproduced in Lindqvist’s book (1941/42 II, fig. 545), a photo of the unpainted stone kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). “Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse presumably is naturally even. Between two approximately horizontal broken edges, the fragment features sections of the stone’s two narrow sides, one of them 25 cm long, the other 33 cm, which were hewn at right angles towards the obverse and rounded towards the back. The fragment most likely is part of the head of a picture stones. If this assumption was correct, this head must have been unusually high and slim. The surviving width is 48–58 cm, the height 35 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, 136). "
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"@value": "“Of the decoration, about 10 cm wide framing borders with band pattern and partly chiseled fields can be detected, which today, however, hardly allow a clear idea of the original imagery” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 136–137). "
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen observerades första gången 1914, då den låg på golvet, efter att ha tagit ut från triumfbågens mur, vid uppförandet av en skorsten. Stenen inlämnades samma år till Gotland Museum. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, magasinet på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av ”dvärgsten” (period CD eller E), bevarad höjd 35 cm och som bredast 58 cm. Kan möjligen höra samman med GP 489-90 Tingstäde kyrka XV och XVI. Spår av kantdekor. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 700-1000-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 134) describes the carvings as follows: “The decoration consists of carved lines in the roundel and its corona as well as slightly chiselled fields, which form two grooves along the chamfers of the surviving narrow sides and fill every second of the roundel’s crescent fields as well as the inner spandrels between the corona’s circles. The roundel’s diameter is 22.5 cm, not counting the corona. The drawing [by Olof Sörling], made after a sketch by [Fredrik Nordin], only shows the part of the stone that is jutting out of the masonry [ibid. fig. 542].” Another drawing by Sörling that includes the reconstruction of the abraded parts of the whirl pattern, is kept in ATA’s Run- och bildstenssamling. "
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"@value": "L1976:6710"
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"@value": "The only information given by Lindqvist is that the “fragment of a picture stone [was] found in 1924, together with No. II under the floor in the nave” (1941/42 II, p. 35). Both stones were discovered during a church restoration, then removed and photographed by A. Edle in front of the church in 1924 (ATA run- och bildstenssamling 807:17–18). The photos of the painted stones that Lindqvist reproduces (1941/42 I, figs. 19, 21) were taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (ATA run- och bildstenssamling 1649:3–4). Since later than 1967, both stones have been kept in the sacristy (Lagerlöf/Stolt 1967, p. 70). Today, GP 53 Burs kyrka I is kept in the parish storerooms while GP 54 Burs kyrka II is not traceable. \n\nThe Romanesque church of Burs was built during the 13th century (Lagerlöf/Stolt 1967, p. 37). First the choir was erected, possibly with an apse. After the choir, which was replaced by the current Gothic choir in the middle of the 14th century, the nave was added in the first half of the 13th century and remains today. The age of the nave is indicated by the typical capitals of the two portals on the south and north sides (ibid. 37, 79). The construction of the Romanesque church was completed with the tower, which was built around the middle of the 13th century. According to a medieval tax register, the church was erected in the year 1240; however, this date probably refers to the consecration of the finished Romanesque church after the tower was erected (ibid. 37, 79). "
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}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "56"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "12"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Decoration partly with very thin and shallow lines, partly broader with regularly rounded bases and up to slightly more than 1 mm deep” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 35). The upper part of the picture stone is dominated by a central roundel. This roundel is divided by intersecting lines into four quarters. In each quarter there is a tripod pattern of three almond-shaped extensions, which together form an elaborated rosette or flower motif. The roundel has a double outer line, with the space between filled with small, ray-like strokes. In the spandrels at the top left and top right there is a three-pointed star, which resembles the triple motifs inside the roundel. On the lateral sides, the border is decorated with a zigzag pattern, while on the upper convex edge it is decorated with a rounded, wavy step pattern. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Early type dwarf stone, i.e., Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating to between AD 400 and 600. Lindqvist assigns the stone to his ʻBurstypusʼ (1941/42 I, p. 28), named after Burs kyrka I itself. This type represents a group of Type A ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex upper edge and decoration corresponding to the large Type A monuments, forming “miniature forms” of them (ibid. 31). In Hauck’s contribution to the typology of Gotland’s early picture stones, Burs kyrka I does not appear, but it would most likely be assigned to Hauck’s type VI, the Toftatypus. In this small group he subsumes small picture stones that show star and/or rosette motifs as their central motif (1983a, p. 545). In Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 159), the stone has the outline type dwarf1, corresponding to the period 1 (Migration Period). \n\nThe ornamentation of the Burs stone is quite unusual and combines some special features. The only three-pointed star comparable to those of Burs kyrka is found on GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II. A comparable structure of the rosette in particular is featured on the following monuments: GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1, GP 564 Väte kyrka 1, GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum I, GP 538 Vallstena Vallstenarum 2. The structure of the rosette on GP 497 Tingstäde kyrka 25 is also comparable but considerably more elaborate. A similar division of the roundel into four parts (which, however, shows spiral or whirl motifs) can be seen on the following stones: GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I, GP 173 Hangvar Austers I, GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum I. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2179",
"value_resource_id": 2179,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2179",
"display_title": "GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e0f6b96868dbac9dc4e4f6edd7f11522f42381c6.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0133.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2572",
"value_resource_id": 2572,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2572",
"display_title": "GP 527 Tofta kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a07c7ed93d9acb550c9e53b61dff279efd6587da.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0527.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2608",
"value_resource_id": 2608,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2608",
"display_title": "GP 564 Väte kyrka 1",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/aebc33db88c0576a6474858da975e183a8e90250.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0564.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2581",
"value_resource_id": 2581,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2581",
"display_title": "GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/330eb9346b652456ce190e40e3cd71bf7dcd07ae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0537.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2582",
"value_resource_id": 2582,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2582",
"display_title": "GP 538 Vallstena Vallstenarum 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/04d87fce8d85db84c03e0478416f8da61a87fb72.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0538.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2542",
"value_resource_id": 2542,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2542",
"display_title": "GP 497 Tingstäde kyrka 25",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/97f76c8be23fca3bc63890fb20705e15e5f4887c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0497.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2600",
"value_resource_id": 2600,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2600",
"display_title": "GP 556 Väskinde Björkome I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/dc260b0a9d0f63cd5c1e8c02abb213d687c27e35.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0556.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2219",
"value_resource_id": 2219,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2219",
"display_title": "GP 173 Hangvar Austers I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6f38a704d306415d3ec0af60e175fec62fba4355.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0173.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondaryYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 320,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 31, 112, fig. 21; II, p. 35, fig. 323; Lagerlöf/Stolt 1967, p. 70; Guber 2011, p. 114 cat. no. 10. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:5232"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Burs 177:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Burs, Kirche I"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4587",
"value_resource_id": 4587,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4587",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0053",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0053_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "40"
}
],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 302,
"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1924"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades vid kyrkans renovering 1924 liggande i korgolvet. Stenen flyttades från fyndplatsen redan 1924. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nPlacerad i sockenmagasinet. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en dvärgsten (period A), med bevarad höjd 52,5 cm och största bredd 56 cm. Kantdekor och en central rundel. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "star"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rosette"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350186"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "711693"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6350186"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "711693"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCq37m1JXNbSIQZ90TFWVFVAcl0ByP39eXpr_W1XIM-TYs?e=MnkWSU"
}
],
"ai2:lastInspected": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 315,
"property_label": "Last Inspected",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10.08.2022 (Cecilia Ljung)"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2101",
"o:title": "GP 54 Burs kyrka II"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2187",
"o:title": "GP 141 Hall kyrka 2"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2187",
"o:title": "GP 141 Hall kyrka 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2204",
"o:title": "GP 158 Halla Broa XIV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2275",
"o:title": "GP 229 Lau Laubackar"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2419",
"o:title": "GP 374 Stenkyrka Tystebols I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2540",
"o:title": "GP 495 Tingstäde kyrka XI"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2187",
"o:title": "GP 141 Hall kyrka 2"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4587",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0053"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/75",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 75,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2100",
"o:id": 2100
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.245656928978505,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.508835785991778,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2575",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2575,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 530 Träkumla Gottskalks/Tjängdarve",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/51b35005a1f98ea1b22a45b1df35d06d2679eca8.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/51b35005a1f98ea1b22a45b1df35d06d2679eca8.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/51b35005a1f98ea1b22a45b1df35d06d2679eca8.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:20+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T11:06:20+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3984",
"o:id": 3984
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3984",
"o:id": 3984
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 530 Träkumla Gottskalks/Tjängdarve"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0530"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/b6d512df-adf8-4fac-9166-ef7991aa8e69",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
},
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/e9f9651c-bf98-4852-8de6-c7b78150eaa5",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On a field in Gottskalks, Träkumla parish (RAÄ Träkumla 41:1), which is located circa 40 m south-west of the road between Visby and Väte. For some reason, the stone has been registered twice under two different property names, its find place in Gottskalks (L/N 467) and its present location at Tjängdarve gård (GP 530, L/N 393). Therefore, there are two different entries with two different catalogue numbers in Lamm’s list. Nevertheless, it is one and the same stone. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Träkumla"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Träkumla Tjängdarve 1:100"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Påträffad på gravfält 1969, flyttad 50 m (JP). Återfunnen vid plöjning 1968. Vid efterundersökning påträffades en grav. Olika uppgifter ger olika år. Kankse var det fyndår och undersökningsår? Kolla rapporten!"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Träkumla"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Circa 100–110 m north-east of the finding place, on the other side (i.e., north) of the road, re-erected on the property of the finder’s (Staffan Danielsson) farm, which is called Tjängdarve (RAÄ Träkumla 42:1). "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Träkumla Tjängvide 1:113"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gårdstomt RAÄ 42, Tjängdarve 1:113"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "All information about the find circumstances, location, and excavation of the find place are taken from a report by Inger Hammar (Visby) to RAÄ dating to 1979-09-06 (dnr 5267/85) and the relevant entry in the inventory book (1976-09-08). In April 1968, the completely preserved picture stone was discovered by ploughing on a field in Gottskalks, circa 40 m south-west of the country road between Visby and Väte. Immediately afterwards, the monument was moved to the property of the finder’s farm (RAÄ Träkumla 42:1), Tjängdarve gård, which is on the other side (i.e., north) of the road, circa 70 m north-east of the find place. There, it was re-erected and fixed with an iron rod and iron cramps. Today, however, the stone stands approximately 30–40 m nearer to the farm. It must have been moved sometime after 1979. \n\nIn September 1968, the same year as the stone had been discovered, a trial trench investigation was carried out at the find spot. This small excavation, conducted by Hans-Åke Nordström, uncovered an undisturbed inhumation burial. It contained a human skeleton in a lateral and slightly crouched position, lying on its left side, with the cranium pointing east-northeast and the feet west-southwest. The right arm was bent close in front of the body with the fingers touching the jawbone, and the skull was slightly bent backwards. In the filling of the grave, cremated bones were found scattered in a layer only 0.05 m over the skeleton. The only grave goods discovered in the burial were a glass bead at the right hand and a flint chip at the chest of the buried person. \n\nIn 1958 there was an excavation in the close area of the find spot, carried out by Erik Nylén and Peter Manneke. Two chest-like stone constructions were unearthed and taken away during these investigations; Further investigations were conducted in 1973, which according to verbal information by the landowner, Staffan Danielsson, exposed six cremation graves as well as six more stone chests (Tjängdarve 1:100 and Gottskalk 1:3; RAÄ Träkumla 39:1; SHM 32455; GF dnr 4889/59). "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The erected slab has a height of about 1.23 meters from the base to the top of the head. The root part of the monument can be seen on a photo taken right after its discovery and can be estimated at approximately 0.40 m (ATA, dnr 5267/85, photo A920:152). At the base, the stone is 0.72 m wide. The head of the stone is about 0.64 m wide and 0.48 m high. The entire limestone slab is approximately 0.15 m thick. Its surface is heavily weathered and overgrown with moss and lichens. The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "100"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "70"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No discernable remains of ornament and images have been recorded so far. The monument’s surface seems to be completely weathered and obliterated. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small mushroom-shaped picture stone belongs to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Its head is semi-circular with well pronounced corners. Contrary to Lindqvist’s definition, Martin Rundkvist (2012, p. 154) terms it dwarf stone. As no images and no ornaments or runic characters are left on the surface, the monument can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century (or rather around 800) and the 11th century. The relation between the picture stone and the burial(s) remain(s) unclear. Rundkvist (ibid) considers the small monument part of the grave construction excavated in 1968. This grave cannot be dated; however, Rundkvist (ibid.) assumes “[…] probably Viking Period”. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Tall stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 202 and 206, cat. nos. 393 and 467; Rundkvist 2012, p. 151 tab. 2, 154. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:8243 & L1976:8244"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Träkumla 41:1 & Träkumla 42:1"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5061",
"value_resource_id": 5061,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5061",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0530",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0530_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "393/467"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1968 vid plöjning av en åker tillhörande gården Gottskalks, cirka 40 m sydväst om vägen mellan Visby och Väte. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nRest cirka 100 meter från fyndplatsen på den andra norra sidan av vägen. Nuvarande platsen tillhör gården Tjängdvare. Av misstag har bildstenen registrerats två gånger på grund av de olika egendomsförhållandena. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn liten svampformig bildsten (typ C-D), 123 x 40 cm, saknar synliga spår av bilder. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men den tillhör perioden 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6384454"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "698354"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6384477"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "698420"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgA6Hk2H4Y61SIMQrIAn2k0mAWkUIf5uY2rw9aPJYKG72Ms?e=iVMcuz"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5061",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0530"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/386",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 386,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2575",
"o:id": 2575
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.55894586914244,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.31584463884724,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2582",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2582,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 538 Vallstena Vallstenarum 2",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/04d87fce8d85db84c03e0478416f8da61a87fb72.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/04d87fce8d85db84c03e0478416f8da61a87fb72.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/04d87fce8d85db84c03e0478416f8da61a87fb72.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:20+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T11:12:21+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3871",
"o:id": 3871
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3871",
"o:id": 3871
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 538 Vallstena Vallstenarum 2"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0538"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A building on the farm ʻHägvalds gårdʼ in Vallstena parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Farmstead"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Vallstena"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Vallstena Vallstenarum"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Påträffad i källartrappa på Hägvalds gård."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was published by Lindqvist in 1962 (p. 17, fig. 8) indicating that it was discovered, like GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum I, in the ʻVallstenarumʼ burial ground south of Vallstena church and that it was delivered to Gotlands Museum in 1907. Both pieces of information seem to be incorrect, because the museum records state the following: The picture stone fragment was first found on ʻHägvardsʼ farm in 1910, where it had been placed as a floor slab in front of a cellar entrance. It was removed from this location and considered to be a sundial. It was not until 1957 that the picture stone was recognised as such and given to Gotland Museum by the builder Georg Lundin from Klintehamn. It is more than likely that the stone was originally brought to the farm from the large Iron Age burial ground only 200 to 300 m to the west. Following the stone’s designation by Lindqvist, Lamm records the find under ʻVallstenarum 2ʼ. The actual find spot, however, is Hägvards. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2581",
"value_resource_id": 2581,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2581",
"display_title": "GP 537 Vallstena Vallstenarum (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/330eb9346b652456ce190e40e3cd71bf7dcd07ae.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0537.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents approximately the upper half of a small picture stone of the early type. The entire head including the two slightly concave lateral edges, the slightly convex upper edge and the upper right corner is preserved. The left corner is broken off. The limestone slab is 10 cm thick, 47 cm high and 55 cm wide. The narrow sides are hewn straight and separated from the obverse by a narrow, now heavily worn chamfer. The surface is essentially flat, but quite irregular and appears weathered. The carvings, however, are well preserved and clear, except for the border on the upper edge. The carvings have been redrawn with paint. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "47"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "55"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A simple groove runs along the lateral edges, while the upper edge has a wide border whose decoration pattern, however, is hardly decipherable. Some wavy elements can be guessed at in the right half. Unfortunately, the area on the upper edge seems to be more weathered than the rest of the stone’s surface. The large roundel, which fills almost the entire preserved surface of the head, is clearly visible in all its details. It is decorated with a star-shaped rosette consisting of nine pointed oval leaves. Each leaf is framed. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment belongs to an early-type picture stone, i.e., Type A according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating between AD 400 and 600. As the monument appears to not have been much taller than circa 100 cm it must be labelled as a ʻdwarf stoneʼ. In Hauck’s typology of the Type A picture stones, the fragment from Hägvalds farm belongs to the dwarf stones of group VI, which he calls the Tofta type and which are characterised by star or rosette motifs as central motifs (1983a, p. 545). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1962, p. 17, fig. 8; Hauck 1983a, p. 545; Guber 2011, p. 153 cat. no. 88 "
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC10039"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5069",
"value_resource_id": 5069,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5069",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0538",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0538_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "323"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine limestone without reef debris"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Tofta Formation (70%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildsten påträffad på gården Hägvards 1910, men den kommer troligen från det stora gravfältet Vallstenarum. Överfördes till Gotlands museum 1957. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin i Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nÖvre delen av en tidig bildsten (period A), bevarad längd 47 cm och bredd 55 cm. Kantdekor och en stor rundel, med rosettmönster. \n\nInskrift \nIngen inskrift \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 400-600. \n\nTolkning \nFör tolkning se GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV. \n\nAA "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2395",
"value_resource_id": 2395,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2395",
"display_title": "GP 350 Sanda kyrka IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/a0f3efc5fb4baf2ee7d66f7a01baf52e87912a20.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0350.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "circle"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rosette"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDtqIq7zXMxRKei7YHckIE5AZFcZv5Bfsa83QjT7qIEACg?e=AR0AiL"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2100",
"o:title": "GP 53 Burs kyrka I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5069",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0538"
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]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
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"@value": "In a field in Butter, Väskinde socken (RAÄ Väskinde 160:1). "
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"@value": "Funnen på en åker 100 m norr Själsö i närheten av stranden."
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"@value": "The stone fragment was found at the beginning of the 20th century in a field about 100 m north of Själsö, close to the beach (RAÄ 160:1). Excavations in May 1981 revealed that there must have been an Iron Age cemetery in this area, on which the stone was probably placed or re-used as part of a grave construction (ATA dnr 5938-1986). The explored area of 80 x 20 m is located about 150 m north-northeast of the picture stone site and contained four cairns (gravrösen) and five circular stone settings (RAÄ 109:1). North of the area there are three other stone settings (RAÄ 58: 1–3). In addition, six human skeletons were discovered within the area and a little further north (SHM 32426). These burials were apparently largely without grave goods; only a bronze ring and two bone needles were found. In 2008, a second area of about 8500m2 was explored (RAÄ 109:2), about 75 m east of the picture stone site and about 55 m south of the area explored in 1981 (Widerström/Carlsson 2008; ATA dnr 321-197-2010). These excavations revealed three burials, two cremations and an empty grave, four postholes of unknown age and a filled drainage trench. The constructions suggest a use of at least 100 years, from the 9th century to the 10th century. However, the exact extent of the cemetery remains unclear. The graves are oriented north-south. "
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"@value": "It is a fragment, namely the almost complete head of a mushroom-shaped dwarf stone, which has a size of about 0.40 x 0.43 m. The lower edge and the two corners of the picture stone head are missing, and small parts of the face are also broken off. At the bottom left, a larger piece is broken out of the existing head part. This part, on which the front extremities of the shown animal figure (see VI) were visible, is present on the drawing of Olof Sörling (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 564), but the line of fracture is already inscribed. Today the fragment can no longer be found. The entire surface of the stone slab is strongly marked by fossil inclusions. The picture stone consists of bioclast-rich oncoid limestone. The bioclasts are predominantly crinoids, which are visible on the entire picture stone and form a rough surface. The relief fields only raise slightly from the background (max. 1 mm). Thus, they are not discernible in all details. However, the carvings seem to be relatively fresh. "
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"@value": "In “Gotlands Bildsteineˮ Lindqvist provides an undated drawing of the fragment by Olof Sörling (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 564) and a photograph of the painted stone, printed in miniature size (ibid. I, fig. 65). A photograph taken in 1933 showing the same painted surface can be found in the photo collection of Antikvarisk-topografiska Arkivet (ATA) in Stockholm (Bildstenar Gotland 28, Tingstäde–Ö, Foto 1751:22,b). \n\nThe approximately semi-circular image area framed by a simple step pattern is occupied by a cervid with large antlers. The visible beam (main shaft of the antler) runs approximately parallel to the back of the animal and reaches to its end. Immediately on the head of the cervid, a short tine descends horizontally forward and can therefore be identified as a brow tine. Consequently, a short, almost vertically upwardly extending tine right next to it can be referred to as the bez tine. At least three much longer tines follow the length of the back at some distance, running almost vertically upwards. Shovel-shaped antlers are not visible. Therefore, we are surely dealing with a red deer and not with a bull moose. Between the tines the artist has left triangular background areas, which makes it difficult to recognize the antlers at first sight. Lindqvist marked some of these triangles in colour. Even behind the red deer he painted some raised parts, which, however, cannot be reasonably recognised. Sörling’s drawing shows the antlers in less detail than Lindqvist’s painting, but the rear part of the animal appears more clearly, with a long tail – which is not zoologically correct. Incidentally, at Sörling’s time, the front extremities were still recognisable in almost their full length; today, the corresponding surface has been broken out. It is already missing from Lindqvist’s 1933 photograph. \n\nFrom the mouth of the deer hangs an elongated structure, which can be interpreted in different ways. In Sörling’s drawing this band merges into an indistinct vegetal-looking branch with numerous extensions. Lindqvist’s painting seems to mark a split end at the hanging tip of the ribbon, reminiscent of a snake’s head with an open mouth or a split tongue. At the same time, however, the band seems to continue to the right to curl up in front of the deer’s neck. Lindqvist sees it as a “[...] ornamental veränderte Zunge [...]ˮ (ʻornamentally altered tongueʼ) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, p. 143). The interpretation is made considerably more difficult by the fact that the wormlike band coming out of the deer’s mouth is connected to a shapeless part, which is located in front of the deer, in the left corner of the picture field, and according to Lindqvist contains two triangles. This raised area consists mainly of fossil inclusions but shows isolated traces of carvings and is difficult to assess. \n\nBased on the RTI method and using 3D models, Oehrl (2019a, pp. 162–163, pls. 160–165) documented and discussed five different interpretations of the band-shaped structure at the deer’s mouth, some of which also include the unclear area in front of the deer. Depending on the viewing and illumination angle, the extension appears sometimes shorter, sometimes longer. Sometimes it curls up, runs S-shaped or loop-shaped. Regardless of which point of view is preferred, it should either be the oversized tongue of the animal or a snake. The latter is more likely to be the case, given the widely scattered iconographic parallels and literary traditions, which are outlined below. "
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"@value": "The stone can be regarded as early Nordic evidence of the motif ʻsnake-eating deerʼ (so already Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Heizmann 2011, fn. 152; in detail Oehrl 2019a, pp. 163–168, pls. 166a–167e). According to ancient natural history (e.g., Pliny, Flavius Josephus, Oppian; see Domagalski 1990, pp. 151–151) deer and snake are enemies; the deer searches for the snakes in their hiding places, takes them out of their holes by snorting or sucking and devours them. This alleged natural history ʻobservationʼ (in truth the red deer does not eat snakes – for the possible zoological background of this successful misunderstanding see Dittrich 1985) is taken up by the Church Fathers (e.g., Augustine, Origines, Gregory the Great, Ambrose, Jerome, Isidor of Seville; see Domagalski 1991, cols. 575–577; Gerlach 1970, cols. 286) and interpreted in Christian terms. The deer that persecutes and eventually kills the serpent is referred to Christ’s victory over the devil. After eating the snake, the deer was threatened with death and had to go to a well. After enjoying the fresh water, the deer regenerates itself and recovers. In the early Christian interpretation, this process is seen as an allegory of the resurrection. The deer, which must drink water after consuming the serpent, has also been associated with Psalm 41:2 since Augustine and is understood as a symbol of baptism: Sicut areola praeparata ad inrigationes aquarum sic anima mea praeparata est ad te Deus – ʻAs the deer roars for fresh water, so my soul, God, cries to you.’ \n\nThe late antique-Christian interpretation and use of the deer-snake motif becomes common knowledge in the Middle Ages (Clermont-Ganneau 1901, pp. 319–322; Puech 1949; Ettinghausen 1955; Gerlach 1970; Kolb 1971; Domagalski 1990, pp. 151–160; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, pp. 600–601; Wamers 2000, pp. 149–155). An outstanding role in the transmission of these and other Christian animal conceptions plays the Physiologus written in Greek between the 2nd and 4th century (for the history of tradition see Henkel 1976 [about the deer there especially pp. 186–187] as well as Dolcetti Corazza 1992 and 2003 with literature and editions). Over many centuries, from Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages to modern times, this text experienced an eminent spread and gained central importance. The Physiologus is translated into numerous languages, of particular importance are the Latin versions, which probably already existed in Late Antiquity and have been written down since the 8th/9th century. The significance of the Physiologus is reflected not least in medieval pictorial art (Henkel 1976, pp. 104–105; Romanske Stenarbejder vol. 2, 1984). \n\nNumerous late antique and early medieval depictions of deer could be cited as contemporary parallels to the picture stone from Väskinde Butter. All the pictures mentioned below show a red deer with antlers, stepping on a snake or being entwined by one and biting its body at the same time. Of the examples of the Eastern Mediterranean region, the floor mosaic of the 5th century in the Palatium Magnum in Constantinople deserves special mention (Domagalski 1990, p. 154, pl. 26c). There is also a snake-eating deer on the floor mosaics of a chapel in the Byzantine city of Theodorias in present-day Libya (Qasr El-Lebia) (ibid. pp. 156–159, pls. 27b, 28), the cathedral of Apameia in present-day Syria (ibid. p. 156; pl. 27a) and in the baptistery of Henchir Messaouda in present-day Tunisia (ibid. p. 159, pl. 29b; Puech 1949), all of which date to the 6th century. Wamers brings a privately owned Byzantine buckle fitting into play (Wamers 1986, pp. 19, 22, fig. 14, 15; 2000, pp. 150–151, fig. 6). The piece probably originates from the Balkan region and is dated between AD 550 and 650. Two gold bracteates from a Merovingian row grave cemetery (Reihengräberfeld) in Regensburg, district of Sallern, may also be mentioned, which originally came from Northern Italy and probably represent Langobardic products of the 7th century (Koch 1968, pp. 207–208, pls. 85:17–18; Angerer 1995, p. 33 cat. no. 3.31). \n\nThe antagonism between deer and snake is, however, also attested early in the North itself (Oehrl 2019a, pp.167–167; Pesch 2015a, pp. 375–376; 2015c; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010, pp. 130–131; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, pp. 600–601; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Nordland 1949, p. 120; Leppäaho 1948). Dated between AD 475 and 500 (group H2, Axboe 2011, pp. 280–281), the gold bracteate IK 166 Skrydstrup-B shows, next to the central divine figure, a red deer stepping on two intertwined snakes, one of which, with its mouth open, turns threateningly towards the genitals of the deer. Heizmann summarises the statement of the bracteate picture as follows: “Der bildlichen Darstellung dieser lebensbedrohenden Schlangenattacke antwortet die runische Wortüberlieferung mit der Versicherung von Rettung und Heil. Denn gegen diesen perfiden Angriff ist ein Kraut gewachsen. Seinen Namen teilt der Brakteat über dem Rücken des Hirsches mit dem runischen Wort laukar ʻLauch’ mit. Diese Pflanze rühmen die mittelalterlichen Schriftzeugnisse des Nordens als Panacee und Lebenskraut. Der Hirsch, so lehrt die antike und mittelalterliche Naturkunde, kennt das rettende Kraut und vermag damit die tödliche Bedrohung abzuwehrenˮ (ʻTo the pictorial depiction of this life-threatening snake attack, the runic word lore responds with the assurance of salvation. For against this perfidious attack a herb has grown. Its name is given by the bracteate above the deer’s back with the runic word laukar ʻleek’. This plant is praised by the medieval writings of the north as a panacea and life herb. Ancient and medieval natural history teaches that the deer knows the healing herb and is thus able to ward off the deadly threatʼ) (Heizmann 1999b, p. 245; cf. Heizmann 2011, pp. 550–578, esp. 563–568). It is quite conceivable that the Christian deer tradition affects the amulet image of Skrydstrup. Christian influence on the iconography of the gold bracteates can be demonstrated at various levels (von Padberg 2011, pp. 612–627). \n\nBailey sees a comparable depiction on the relief-ornamented stone slab of Gosforth, known as the ʻFishing Stoneʼ, from the first half of the 10th century (Bailey 1980, p. 132, pl. 36; Bailey/Cramp 1988, pp. 108–110, ill. 332; Kopár 2012, pp. 67–68, fig. 25). It is a part of a frieze or a wall covering which might have belonged to an early church building. Here a deer is depicted (whose antlers have not been preserved, so, of course, the interpretation remains uncertain), which is surrounded by snake bodies, while one of the worms turns threateningly towards the genitals of the four-legged animal. It shows the old motif of the fight between deer and snake, which is deliberately placed next to the fishing of the Midgard Serpent by the god Þórr. “The significance of the two panels lies in their complementary nature [...]. In the lower scene a god is shown struggling with evil in a serpent-like form. The same theme is present in the apparent symbolism of the upper scene, which shows a snake struggling with an animal which can be interpreted as a stag/hart; this is a well-recognized Christian symbol of the struggle between Christ or the Christian and the devilˮ (Bailey/Cramp 1988, p. 109). \n\nThe deer on the high cross of Gosforth was also included in these considerations – however, it remains quite uncertain whether the web of bands that can be seen (together with a dog/wolf) below the animal represents a snake (Wamers 2000, p. 154 fn. 73, fig. 8.2). The sword fitting from the Lieto-Pitkäsmäki cemetery in south-western Finland, decorated in style II, can also only be included with considerable reservation, since it does indeed depict a red deer and snakes, but these were placed at a spatial distance from each other (Leppäaho 1948, pp. 44–47, fig. 1a–d). The animal pictures on the rune stone of Jelling and the golden horns of Gallehus, which were also sometimes included in the discussion (Hartner 1969, pp. 66–67; Roesdahl 1999, p. 240; Wamers 1999; 2000), must be excluded. They are hardly deer (Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 600; Oehrl 2011a; 2015a). \n\nThe deer that eats the snake, however, did not appear in the north until the early Viking Age. On the silver coins of combination group 4 (type Hjort A) a stag is depicted as the central figure (Malmer 1966, p. 63, pls. 2:1–4). Directly at the mouth of the animal there is a curled-up snake, whose head touches the deer’s mouth. The coins were probably minted in Haithabu around AD 825. The frequent appearance of signs of the cross on these Viking coins, which can be traced back directly to southern coin designs, shows that Christian influence is to be expected on these coins in addition to decidedly pagan motifs. \n\nParticularly similar to the image from Väskinde is a silver deer figure about 3 cm wide and 2.5 cm high from the urn burial no. 3 at the Viking Age burial site of Grävsted, Skuttunge sn in Uppland (Nordland 1949, p. 120, pl. XII:2; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010 vol. 1, fig. 59; Oehrl 2019a, p. 166, pl. 167b). The silver deer, which is thought to date from the 10th century, has eyelets on the back indicating that it was attached to clothing. From the mouth of the deer hangs a snake body with head. Apparently, the red deer devours a snake and sucks it in like a spaghetto. A very similar silver deer figure from the time around AD 900 or from the first half of the 10th century, from which the snake has been largely broken off, comes from a woman’s grave (no. 45) of the Flachgräberfeld from Haithabu (Capelle 1968, p. 107 cat. no. 108, pl. 30:2; Arents/Eisenschmidt 2010 vol. 1, pp. 129–131; vol. 2, pl. 9:19). The inhumation burial also contained jewellery with Carolingian plant ornaments and a silver pendant in the form of a coiled snake. The burial, like all the graves of the cemetery, was oriented east-west. Only 21% of those buried here received grave goods, most of them only a single item. The graveyard could therefore be addressed as Christian (ibid. vol. 1, pp. 288–298). \n\nOn the picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B, to which the fragment of Butter also belongs, other deer representations can be seen (see also Oxenstierna 1954). The most important of these is GP 74 Endre skog. This stone depicts a red deer over which an intertwined snake is positioned. More deer, but without snakes, are shown on the Type B picture stones GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II and GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. It should also be considered whether the quadruped on the fragment GP 164 Halla Broa XV should be understood as a deer that sucks in a snake with its mouth. Lindqvist describes the representation as follows: “Das Pferd scheint über das spitze Ende einer aus der einen Ecke des Feldes aufsteigenden Stange zu beißen (wenn man nicht annehmen will, dass es mit einer abnorm langen Zunge versehen istˮ (ʻThe horse seems to bite over the pointed end of a pole rising from one corner of the field [unless one assumes it has an abnormally long tongue]ʼ) (Lindqvist 1941/1942 II, p. 65). On the late-type picture stone GP 98 Garda kyrka II can be seen two facing moose, which have a figure-of-eight-shaped loop – maybe a snake? (Nordland 1949, p. 120; Hartner 1969, p. 66–67; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601) – between their mouths. \n\nThe question whether the deer with the snake of Väskinde Butter as well as the representations of GP 74 Endre skog and GP 98 Garda kyrka II go back directly to Christian ideas and models or represent a tradition largely independent of the South cannot be answered with certainty. Lindqvist and Böhner proposed that Christian models do indeed have an influence on the iconography of the Gotlandic picture stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B. This refers above all to the waterfowl appearing in pairs, which probably go back to Christian depictions of pigeons on late antique and early medieval gravestones, especially in the Rhineland (Lindqvist 1964, pp. 64–65; Böhner 1968, pp. 187–190, figs. 92–93; 1987, pp. 458–460, fig. 19). For more information see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Further Type B stones with depictions of aquatic birds are GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B picture stone from Grobin (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nHowever, direct Christian influence does not need to be assumed necessarily in order to understand the deer-snake motif of Väskinde Butter. The idea of the antagonism of deer and snake, which was already common knowledge before the church fathers appropriated it and before the Christian interpretation of the Physiologus, seems to have been known early in the North as well, to which the gold bracteate of Skrydstrup bears witness. The motif may initially have been handed down in the North without decidedly Christian influence until the early Viking Age, when it appears, for example, in the pagan cremation burial of Grävsted in Uppland and on the Haithabu coins. However, during the Viking Age at the latest, the motif must have been confronted with comparable Christian interpretations of nature and finally also been interpreted as Christian. This probably also was the case of the deer appliqué from the inhumation cemetery of Haithabu. "
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"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf",
"thumbnail_type": "application/pdf"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
"value_resource_id": 2211,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2211",
"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The fragment represents the head of a mushroom-shaped picture stone, whose small size and simple border pattern (highly simplified square braid, stepped meander) refer to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ B (Lindqvist 1941/1942 I, pp. 35–40). Due to the fragmented state, which does not allow the concrete shape of the head corners to be recognised, Lindqvist does not dare to assign the stone to the subgroups he has defined. The stones of ʻAbschnittʼ B, which are exclusively so-called dwarf stones of maximum 1.00 m height, are dated according to Lindqvist to the 6th to 7th century (ibid. p. 117). The stone from Väskinde Butter must therefore, if the cemetery is provisionally dated to the 9th to 10th century, have been re-used in a Viking Age grave, as are many of the picture stones in ʻAbschnittʼ B (Rundkvist 2012). "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 65; II, p. 143, fig. 564; Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 7; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Oehrl 2011a, p. 76; Guber 2011, pp. 57, 156 cat. no. 93; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 161–168, pls. 159a–165b. "
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],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1976:6306"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Väskinde 160:1"
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],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Västkinde, Butter"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC5179"
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"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5082",
"value_resource_id": 5082,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5082",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0551",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "337"
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"ai2:limestoneType": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine reef debris limestone"
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],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (80%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nStenen hittades under början av 1900-talet på en åker i Butter, Väskinde socken, 100 m norr om Själsö i närheten av stranden. Arkeologiska undersökningar som utfördes 1981 och 2008 påvisade ett gravfält i det här området. Några av gravarna kan dateras till 800- och 900-talet. Troligen har stenen återanvänts på gravfältet under vikingatiden. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nGotlands Museum, Magasin Visborg. \n\nBeskrivning \nEtt fragment av en så kallad dvärgsten som har varit max 1.00 m hög. Det handlar om huvudet av en svampformad bildsten som är nästan fullständigt bevarat (cirka 0.40 x 0.43 m). \n\nReliefen på ytan framställer en kronhjort. En bandformad struktur kommer ut från hjortens mun och snirklar sig in och fortlöper kanske till en ögla eller formar ett S-format mönster. Banden kan antingen uppfattas som hjortens ornamentaliserade tunga eller som en orm. \n\nDatering \n500- till 600-talet e.Kr. (vendeltiden). \n\nTolkning \nBilden av kronhjorten som äter ormar är ett välkänt motiv i senantikens och medeltidens konst. Under antiken föreställde man sig att det fanns en fiendskap mellan hjort och orm och att hjortar hade förmågan att suga ut ormar ur deras hål i jorden för att äta dem. Kyrkofäderna tolkade det som en symbol för Kristus (hjort) som besegrade djävulen (orm). Eftersom hjorten blir sjuk efter att ha ätit ormen och måste dricka vatten från en källa för att bli frisk, tolkade de motivet också som symbol för uppståndelsen och förknippade det med Psalm 41 – ʻSom hjorten trängtar efter vattenbäckar, så trängtar min själ efter dig, o Gud.ʼ \n\nHjorten som trampar ned, biter eller suger in en orm, som en spaghetto, förekommer ofta i den kristna konsten under 400- till 600-talet, särskilt i medelhavsländerna. Men det finns också silverfiguriner från vikingatiden (omkring år 900 eller under 900-talet e.Kr.) som framställer en kronhjort med en orm i munnen, hittade i Uppland och Hedeby i Nordtyskland. Dessutom finns några skandinaviska mynt från 800-talet med det här motivet. Att fiendskapet mellan hjort och orm var ett känt motiv i Norden under förkristna perioder påvisas av en guldbrakteat (ett myntformat hängsmycke) från Skrydstrup i Jylland som framställer två ormar som angriper en kronhjort (475–500 e.Kr.). \n\nEn kronhjort tillsammans med en orm är också avbildad på GP 74 Endre skog, två älgar som möjligtvis äter en orm framställs på GP 98 Garda kyrka II. Hjortfigurer (utan ormar) finns dessutom på GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II och GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV. \n\nSO "
},
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
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"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145",
"value_resource_id": 2145,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2145",
"display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf",
"thumbnail_type": "application/pdf"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075",
"value_resource_id": 2075,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2075",
"display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261",
"value_resource_id": 2261,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2261",
"display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "deer"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "antler"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "tail"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "tongue"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "serpent"
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"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6400366"
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"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "700488"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
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],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgDIasAmSKRoTJAQEwRLpIn7ATZBD8liVzlOYFV-q4DAI2k?e=w8Jf5Y"
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],
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2071",
"o:title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075",
"o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2343",
"o:title": "GP 297 Unknown Find Spot"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121",
"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2143",
"o:title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145",
"o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2159",
"o:title": "GP 112 Gothem Bentebingels 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2175",
"o:title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2188",
"o:title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2202",
"o:title": "GP 156 Halla Broa XI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2246",
"o:title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210",
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261",
"o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075",
"o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II"
},
{
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
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{
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],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2057",
"o:title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2211",
"o:title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5082",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0551"
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]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/403",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 403,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"o:id": 2595
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"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.700690462977825,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.364631010115204,
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2620,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 577 Anga Änggårda",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/db433e69543c5979bc6d8ff1e5a0e91fd60696e4.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/db433e69543c5979bc6d8ff1e5a0e91fd60696e4.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/db433e69543c5979bc6d8ff1e5a0e91fd60696e4.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T11:34:04+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4002",
"o:id": 4002
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4002",
"o:id": 4002
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3579",
"o:id": 3579
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/3580",
"o:id": 3580
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 577 Anga Änggårda"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0577"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
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"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/669b7cce-8ebb-463a-a418-ba5e89e1bf84",
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"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "A meadow south-east of Änggårda in Anga parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Anga"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Anga Änggårda"
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],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Finns i museets samlingar, Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Discovered in 1922 by the farmer Gustaf Wahlkvist during the cultivation of a meadow (löväng) about 300 m south-east of his farmstead, which represented the southernmost part of Änggårda (all information taken from the report ATA dnr 3270-1943). The stone was “lying loosely in the soil”, without any further finds or archaeological context. Wahlkvist re-used it as signpost, carved his and the farmʼs name on the monumentʼs backside (see VIII), and placed it next to (north of) the road which connects Anga church with the road between Kräklingbo and Roma. In 1943, Mårten Stenberger became aware of the picture stone by Wahlkvist informing him about the find circumstances and the fact that the ʻsignpostʼ had recently been smashed in an act of malicious destruction. Stenberger found the stone broken into three large and two small pieces and arranged to have them transferred to Gotlands Museum, where the pieces were put together again. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Despite its fragmentation, the small picture stone is completely preserved. The fragments were put together in 1943 (see photo taken by Raymond Hejdström, GF neg. nr. XXI:572–573). However, today the monument is broken again, representing three pieces. The picture stone is 82 cm high, its width is 43 cm between the corners of the head and 31 cm just above the massive pedestal-like root. The root itself is 23 cm high and 40 cm wide. The limestone slab is between 5 and 10 cm thick. The right half and in particular the upper field of the stoneʼs front face (face A) are somewhat weathered; its upper right area is partly damaged. "
}
],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "82"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "43"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A decorated border, which represents a geometrized twisted-cord pattern (step pattern), frames the image field (i.e., face A) and divides it into an upper and a lower panel. In the upper panel, on the monumentʼs head, only faint remains of a simple ship with rising stems are discernable, while the lower panel is empty. The stoneʼs backside (i.e., face B) is not carved but features a recent inscription (see VIII). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. Following Lindqvistʼs typology, the monument can be described as ʻdwarf stoneʼ with convex, almost semi-circular head and corners protruding horizontally. It corresponds to the stones subsumed by Lindqvist in his Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which is characterized by the shape as well as depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., a ship of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. However, Lindqvist does not exclusively assign stones with bird depictions to this group. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. Good parallels are GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II and GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs. "
},
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2071",
"value_resource_id": 2071,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2071",
"display_title": "GP 24 Ardre Petsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/046365db9c280a8f61fb8951889ce4c976337bba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0024.jpg",
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2154",
"value_resource_id": 2154,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2154",
"display_title": "GP 107 Gothem Västerbjärs",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e5dafddc6893e5d1bee01a9409aeb5b1454e6cba.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0107.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondaryYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 320,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:inscriptionSecondary": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 319,
"property_label": "Secondary Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The inscription was carved by the finder in 1922 on the stoneʼs undecorated backside (face B), filling the entire space of the surface. It is deeply carved and clearly readable. The first line is underlined and between the second and the third line, a rightwards pointing arrow is depicted. \n\nG.WAHLKVIƧT \nENGGÅRDA \n1922 "
}
],
"ai2:references": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Oehrl 2019a, p. 42, pl. 22b. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:1476"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Anga 207:1"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5108",
"value_resource_id": 5108,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5108",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0577",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0577_DEPTH_A.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 302,
"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1922"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1922 vid uppodling av ett änge 300 m sydost om gården Änggårda. Upphittaren högg in sitt och gårdens namn på stenens baksida, och satte upp den vid en väg som en vägskylt. Efter att stenen hade slagits sönder i tre delar fördes dessa till Gotlands museum 1943. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin på Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn dvärgsten (period B), 82 cm hög och som bredast 43 cm. Kantdekor, som delar stenen i två bildfält. I det övre bildfältet svaga spår av ett skepp med stävar. I det lägre bildfältet finns inga spår av bilder. \n\nInskrift \nIngen ursprunglig inskrift, men på baksidan är inhugget: \nG.WAHLKVIST \nENGGÅRDA \n1922 \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, men tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "ship"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgABBoM2I-4yT5LG8dwvF2PBARokgWeieT_iUu6nBRh1zt8?e=dgJaeg"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5108",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0577"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"@type": [
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],
"o:id": 2621,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg"
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-23T11:07:29+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4003",
"o:id": 4003
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4003",
"o:id": 4003
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 578 Alva änge"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0578"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the property of the farmstead ʻÄnge gårdʼ in Alva parish."
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Alva Änge"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Inköpt av K.Jacobsson för 20 SEK., ca 1910"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist gives no information about the find circumstances. The only information available in the catalogues of Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm is that the stone was found on the property of Änge gård in Alva parish, sold by R. Jacobsson and acquired by the Museum in 1910 (see also Fornvännen 1910, p. 245). A number of other archaeological finds were found at the farmstead and its immediate surroundings, including several gravklot (RAÄ Alva 82:1; 122:2–4). There are several stone settings, including a mound (gravröse), situated just east and southeast of the farmstead (Alva 27:1–4)."
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 17) describes the stone as follows: “Limestone slab, 4 cm thick. The obverse naturally even, but with several chippings on a rough surface that had obviously been there already when the stone was worked into a picture stone. The levelled narrow sides meet the broad sides at right angles, and the reverse is naturally even, slightly curved. The width of the head is 42.5 cm; the stone’s maximum height is 42.5 cm after the mutilation of the lower part.” The fragment represents an almost complete, small picture stone, with only a small part of the base and the entire root missing."
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "42,5"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "42,5"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "4"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Decorated with carved lines, 1–3 mm wide and rounded at the bottom. Within the framing border, the lower part of the field, as far as it is preserved, is filled with a rectangular grid pattern with at least six horizontal lines. Above this section, there is a running horse on the left, placed in a manner that leads to expect a second horse, heraldically juxtaposed to the first, on the other half of the upper part. This section of the obverse, however, is severely degraded by dripping water or other erosion” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 17–18). The border decoration represents a typical simplified twisted cord pattern.\n\nLindqvist only provides a photo of the unpainted stone on which the horse, in particular its forepart, are very difficult to discern (1941/42 II, fig. 309). The photos kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling), including the one taken by Faith-Ell in 1933, are without paint as well. However, there is a small collection of drawings on tracing paper that highlight the details of the horse figure."
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "If there are indeed two facing horses depicted on the stone, which is quite plausible, several similar motifs can be noted on early type picture stones (ʻAbschnittʼ A). Based on the Migration-Period picture stone from Häggeby in Uppland and on medieval literary sources, these motifs are commonly interpreted as depictions of ritual horse fights – GP 198 HELLVI IRE 7, GP 99 Garda kyrka 3, GP 554 Väskinde kyrka 5, and GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I. That this motif was used by Type B artists as well is proven by GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II (see IX). Regarding the horse fight interpretation, see the entry of GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvist 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63."
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244",
"value_resource_id": 2244,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2244",
"display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146",
"value_resource_id": 2146,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2146",
"display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2598",
"value_resource_id": 2598,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2598",
"display_title": "GP0554",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c8dddf303f0e7592b7a4ce274307145933b0f467.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0554.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
"value_resource_id": 2178,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2178",
"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125",
"value_resource_id": 2125,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2125",
"display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle type picture stone, which means a Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ, dated to AD 500 to 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones featuring a convex head with corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist does not assign Alva Änge to any subgroup. According to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4, belonging to his period 4, which he dates to the Late Vendel Period. The chessboard pattern in the monument’s lower part is reminiscent of the rhombic pattern on GP 193 Hellvi Ire III; GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide; GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I; GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs; and GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds. By far the best match, however, at least regarding the decoration, is the Type B stone GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II, which features a chessboard pattern in the lower part, two facing horses in the head field, and a framing border with a geometric twisted cord."
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2399",
"value_resource_id": 2399,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2399",
"display_title": "GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0f3ebc27ee5054462ce6a7a794d9a039f24ea87d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0354B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2319",
"value_resource_id": 2319,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2319",
"display_title": "GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
"value_resource_id": 2139,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2139",
"display_title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2125",
"value_resource_id": 2125,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2125",
"display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c7e58da9957feb9e6b5699c48a27eae93f85501f.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0078.jpg",
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"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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],
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{
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, p. 89; II, p. 17–18, fig. 309; Guber 2011, p. 111 cat. no. 3."
}
],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Alva, Änge"
}
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC9427"
}
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"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5109",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0578_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "11"
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"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
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"@value": "14085"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffad på ägorna till gården Änge och såldes till Historiska Museet i Stockholm 1910. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museums magasin i Tumba. \n\nBeskrivning \nEn nästan fullständigt bevarad dvärgbildsten (typ B), 42.5 cm hög och 42.5 cm bred. På den nedre delen av stenen ett rektangulärt nätmönster (segel?) och på den övre vänstra delen en springande häst. Den övre högra delen är skadad av erosion, men kan ha haft en motsvarande häst. Kantdekoration bevarad. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nOm även den övre högra delen av stenen har haft en bild av en häst kan stenen ha framställt en hingsthetsning. \n\nAA"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6581391"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "675775"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBTalTTNKaGRIdw28AraQQoAZLZKdUm7ZImqBwtqrcTo8c?e=mXbR7U"
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"@reverse": {
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2124",
"o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125",
"o:title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2455",
"o:title": "GP 410 Stenkyrka kyrka 21"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272",
"o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5109",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0578"
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]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2629",
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"o:id": 2629,
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"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 586 Hablingbo Havor (IX)",
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"square": null
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"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
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"@value": "2025-04-10T10:04:27+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
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"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
"dcterms:title": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 586 Hablingbo Havor (IX)"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0586"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Uncovered in a late Viking Age grave by Gabriel Gustafson during the excavation of the cemetery of Havor Hablingbo parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo"
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],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Hablingbo Havor"
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"ai2:presentLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 297,
"property_label": "Parish Present Location",
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"@value": "Unknown"
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],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The cemetery of Havor lies in the southern part of Gotland, on the southern banks of the former lake and later moorland of Mästermyr, on the northern outskirts of Hablingbo parish, some kilometres east of the western shore of Gotland. The area, which today is widely forested, stretches around 750 meters from east-northeast to west-southwest on a gravel ridge. Around 260 of approximately 370 registered graves were excavated, dating from the Pre-Roman Iron Age to the late Viking Age, with a hiatus in the late Vendel Period and the Early Viking Age (Nylén 1955, pp. 61–64; Toplak, in press). The north-eastern and probably oldest part of the cemetery was heavily disturbed by gravel extraction from the middle of the 19th century onwards, which led to the discovery of the picture stone GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and the extent as well as the original number of burials in this area remain uncertain. Some smaller groups of graves can be found at the southwestern periphery of the cemetery, either constituting the outer edges of the burial area or belonging to separate cemeteries. The cemetery at Havor is part of a unique complex with an uninterrupted continuity of settlement from the late Bronze Age to the late Viking Age (Manneke 2005; Manneke et al. 2013). Approximately 800 meters east of the cemetery lie a ringfort, several buildings with stone foundations as well as the remains of further settlements in the direct surrounding area. The ringfort was built at the latest at the end of the Pre-Roman Iron Age and was used in several phases at least until the end of the Migration Period as a meeting place and arena for socio-political or religious activities. Remains of settlements north of the ringfort can be dated back to the late Bronze Age or early Iron Age, and are therefore slightly older than the earliest burials from the Pre-Roman Iron Age in the cemetery. Several stone foundations south of the ringfort and the rich finds from settlements, graves and the ringfort – such as Roman imports or golden jewellery and especially the unique hoard with a golden neck ring (Nylén 1962; 2005) – bear witness to the great regional significance of Havor as a socio-political or religious central place in the Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period. Following a decline of Havor in the Vendel Period, the late Viking Age burials attest a revival of the local society, probably due to increasing trading activities, but also a significant return to older traditions such as the re-use of older graves or the incorporation of picture stones in burials (Toplak 2022; in press). \n\nThe picture stone was found during the excavation of the cemetery of Havor in 1886. It was discovered in a late Viking Age grave (grave No. 191) where it was re-used as grave slab together with six partly fragmented picture stones (GP 133–138 Hablingbo Havor II–VII), similar to several other picture stones on Gotlandic Viking Age cemeteries (see Burström 1996; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 III, pp. 582–584; Rundkvist 2012; Toplak 2022; Oehrl/Toplak, in press). The grave – a shallow burial mound with the inhumation of a male gendered individual with the head to the south – was located in a separate group of late Viking Age burials in the western area of the cemetery (see Toplak 2022). The deceased was buried in a supine position with dress accessories such as two penannular brooches and a belt with eastern-type belt mounds as well as with a knife, a comb, a fire striker, a clay pot and a large bronze bowl, that was probably imported to Gotland from the Frankish realm (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV, p. 302; Toplak 2022, in press). The seven limestone slabs (labelled A–F by Gustafson) were arranged as a cover slab, based on two 3,3 m long rows of eight respective nine fieldstones that framed the 0,4–0,5 m broad burial pit. The obverses of the picture stones GP 133–138 Hablingbo Havor II–VII were facing downwards towards the burial. Only the picture stone Hablingbo Havor (IX) (stone F according to Gustafson’s designation) lay with the smooth side facing upwards, forming the mid-section of the northern end of the grave slab above the foot end of the grave \n\nAll seven picture stones were re-erected in the vicinity of the grave after the end of the excavation season in 1886. Five picture stones, GP 134–138 Hablingbo Havor III–VII, from grave 191 were moved from their location in the cemetery in Nilsson’s Träskhage to the Swedish History Museum in Stockholm as early as 1918 during a visit by Fredrik Nordin, while picture stone GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II remained in the cemetery. According to an anonymous source, one of the stones was accidentally smashed during the removal of the stones. Parts of this stone are said to have lain behind a cattle shed for a long time. It can be assumed that this was Hablingbo Havor (IX), Gustafson’s stone F from grave 191, which was excavated in two in 1886. It is possible that stone F was an unworked limestone slab or a picture stone that had already been blind in the Viking Age, since according to the excavation report stone F was the only stone to have lain with the ‘best side’ (i.e., the smooth side) facing upwards, while the visible carvings on all the other stones faced downwards towards the burial. This could explain why the fragmented stone was not taken to Stockholm and has never been registered (Toplak, in press). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
"value_resource_id": 2178,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2178",
"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2179",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 133 Hablingbo Havor II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e0f6b96868dbac9dc4e4f6edd7f11522f42381c6.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0133.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2180",
"value_resource_id": 2180,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2180",
"display_title": "GP 134 Hablingbo Havor III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d62cd22696351df692849295269f7adea50655e9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0134.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2181",
"value_resource_id": 2181,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2181",
"display_title": "GP 135 Hablingbo Havor IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/561dc5b7c26a30c2766f576bc70d6aa4614d01be.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0135.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2182",
"value_resource_id": 2182,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2182",
"display_title": "GP 136 Hablingbo Havor V",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7661acbdc9db5ff8d8bfb8234edecd88e03f9cb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0136.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2183",
"value_resource_id": 2183,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2183",
"display_title": "GP 137 Hablingbo Havor VI",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3aa7d5269809c83d0b6cb22a23d021e7b3d634e6.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0137B.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2184",
"value_resource_id": 2184,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2184",
"display_title": "GP 138 Hablingbo Havor VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d4184567a29128132e6603f5758b0d4ad10c051b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0138.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Hablingbo Havor (IX) has never been precisely measured or studied; the only documentation is a rough sketch of the broken stone as part of the grave slab in situ, made by Gustafson during the excavation. According to this sketch, a total length of 88–90 cm and a width of 42–45 cm of the limestone slab can be estimated. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "90"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
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],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Probably an undecorated limestone slab or a picture stone that had already been blind in the Viking Age; according to the excavation report, stone F was the only stone to have lain with the ‘best side’ (i.e., the smooth side) facing upwards, while the visible carvings on all the other stones were facing downwards towards the burial. \n\nMT\n"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Probably dwarf stone or kerb stone, belonging to Lindqvist’s “Abschnitt” A (circa AD 400–600; Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 28, 30–33, 110; see also Oehrl 2019, pp. 8–10). A dating of this stone to the Migration Period according to Lindqvist’s typology finds support in the archaeological material from the cemetery of Havor which demonstrates a last phase of socio-political, economical, and perhaps even religious importance of the society at Havor and a rapid decline in the early Vendel Period (Toplak, in press). \n\nMT\n"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Kerb stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 54; Toplak, in press. "
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5117",
"value_resource_id": 5117,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5117",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0586"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2180",
"o:title": "GP 134 Hablingbo Havor III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2181",
"o:title": "GP 135 Hablingbo Havor IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2182",
"o:title": "GP 136 Hablingbo Havor V"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2183",
"o:title": "GP 137 Hablingbo Havor VI"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2184",
"o:title": "GP 138 Hablingbo Havor VII"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5117",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0586"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2634",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2634,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
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},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 591 Boge Laxare",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/09879ea2cc7219d10926692301c1c45cfcac05be.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/09879ea2cc7219d10926692301c1c45cfcac05be.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/09879ea2cc7219d10926692301c1c45cfcac05be.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-24T11:37:56+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4457",
"o:id": 4457
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4457",
"o:id": 4457
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 591 Boge Laxare "
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0591"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Boge"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Boge Laxare 1:11"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyra bildstensfragment som framkom vid tidigare plöjning av åkern (innan undersökningen ägde rum), överlämnades till Fornsalen (Gotlands Museum). Idag, vid tidpunkten för rapportsammanställningen, har endast två av fragmenten återfunnits. Bildstenfragmenten är registrerade med inventarienummer: C 21968 och C 21969."
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Found during ploughing of a field together with three other stones. Only one other stone is known today (GP 31 Boge Laxare), the remaining two are lost. HS"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Intact small stele with 0.23 m long root preserved. Trapezoidal or almost axe-shaped. Surface is relatively even. HS"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "60"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "35"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "9"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Örjestad 2011"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Boge 8"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5122",
"value_resource_id": 5122,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5122",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0591",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0591_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "447"
}
],
"ai2:dateOfDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 302,
"property_label": "Year of Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1981"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6402264"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "723382"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCBQiuaLNjJRIk7xqXeYH2rAe7yC5dvdRVsJ66ifkrPwFE?e=uPLLFu"
}
],
"@reverse": {
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5122",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0591"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/434",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 434,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2634",
"o:id": 2634
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.70692106645526,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.749711193463213,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2636",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2636,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 599 Grötlingbo Viges",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:22+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2025-04-10T09:54:05+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 599 Grötlingbo Viges"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0599"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://kulturarvsdata.se/uu/srdb/289ea123-f582-4c50-be80-306bd6c978f5",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "On the border between Grötlingbo and Näs. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grötlingbo Viges"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone was found on the border between Grötlingbo and Näs, c. 100 m south-west to a medieval house ruin, Viges or ‘Vegå’"
}
],
"ai2:grave": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 306,
"property_label": "Grave or Not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown. Latest known location was Bottarve hembygdsgård, Vamlingbo parish. "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bottarve hembygdsgård"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The stone is included in Gotlands runinskrifter (GR I, G 41). The fragment is known by a letter from David Gadd, head of the local heritage association (Hoburgs hembygdsförening), to runologist Otto von Friesen in 1930. Gadd reported that the runestone fragment had been found some months earlier during agrarian fieldwork. The stone was deposited at the local heritage association, but Gadd thought that there were reasons to report the find to those with expertise. The stone was found on the border between Grötlingbo and Näs, c. 100 m south-west to a medieval house ruin, Viges or ‘Vegå’. Gadd inspected the site but could not find any other piece of the stone. Instead, he found several pieces of sandstone with lime mortar as well as iron slag from smithies. He also informed von Friesen that, according to local tradition, a road used to pass from Viges to Näs on this spot (GR I, p. 56). \n\nAccording to the inventory record, the stone is kept on the ground floor of the manor at Bottarvegården (Fornsök), i.e., Bottarve Museigård, owned by Hoburgs hembygdsförening since 1918 (the marker in the The National Heritage Board's database for archaeological sites and monuments points to Bottarve gård, where it is stored, not the find spot). There are photos by Alfred Edle in 1936 and Iwar Andersson in 1954 in Run-och bildstenssamlingen (ATA), as well as in Gotlands runinskrifter I (GR I, G 41). However, the present location is unknown. \n\nSixteen more picture stones have been found in Grötlingbo parish, including the large cemetery at Barshaldershed and ranging from type A to E. In the church in Grötlingbo, another fragmented picture stone-shaped runestone is kept that may be of a similar type, i.e., GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka (G 37). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2160",
"value_resource_id": 2160,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2160",
"display_title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0113O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone. The size of the fragment is 15.5 cm x 10.5 cm. The height of the runes is c. 3 cm. The edge of the fragment is curved and has been cut evenly, indicating that the fragment originates from a runestone with a rounded head. The runes are deeply carved and rather distinct, although small. The backside was smoothed and polished as well (GR I, p. 56). \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Along the edge, there is a runic inscription in a ribbon. On the backside, there is a single carved line along the edge of the stone. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Type E, dwarf stone. 11th century. \nLKÅ"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Yes"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscription": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 286,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "… -(a)rua satain -… \n\n… the stone made … \n\nQuote from Runor"
}
],
"ai2:runicContextComments": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size of the runes indicates a small stone. Elias Wessén indicates that the stone is of the same type as GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka (G 37; GR I, p. 56). Magnus Källström mentions the stone in a footnote in his doctoral thesis, a treatise on carver signatures and sponsor formulas with the verb gær(v)a (Källström 2007, p. 90 note 73). \nLKÅ"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 331,
"property_label": "Runic Context and Comments",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2160",
"value_resource_id": 2160,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2160",
"display_title": "GP 113 Grötlingbo kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/3d86c4f5385fedc5c0d088793810a7124ae2883e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0113O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GR I, G 41; Källström 2007, p. 90 note 73. "
}
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPå gränsen mellan Grötlingbo och Näs. \n\nNuvarande förvaringsplats \nOkänd. Senast kända förvaring är Bottarve Museigård. \n\nDatering \nSen vikingatid, 1000-talet. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en runsten med rundad topp. Längs kanten löper ett band med en runinskrift, varav endast två ord är bevarade. Runorna är ca 3 cm höga. På baksidan finns en enkel ristad linje längs med kanten. Inskrift: … göra stenen (el. stenarna?) … \n\nTolkning \nAv runornas höjd att döma har det varit en ganska liten runsten, en så kallad dvärgsten. Dessa stenar kan ha varit avsedda som kyrkogårdsmonument. \nLKÅ"
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"@value": "697236"
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"o:title": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4005",
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"o:media": [
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"o:id": 2922
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{
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"@value": "GP 66 Barlingbo Stava"
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"@value": "GP0066"
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/a6a5707a-ddc0-4b15-afe1-d6828d76ac15",
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Private Property"
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"ai2:presentLocation": [
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"property_label": "Present Location",
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"@value": "The stone is kept in the main building’s garden. It is attached onto one of the brick stone pillars of the pergola with open hearth, which is located next to the manor house. "
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"@value": "Farmstead"
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"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "The stone represents the fragmented head and neck of a dwarf stone. Its convex upper edge as well as the left side including the mushroom head’s typical emphasized corner are preserved, while the right side and the lower part of the small slab are broken off. The fragment is 25.5 cm wide, 22.2 cm high, and its longest diagonal is about 27.9 cm. The small limestone slab is 3.2 cm thick. The carved lines on the stone’s surface have been traced with paint, which in the 1972 photo seems to have been freshly applied and is still visible today. The stone is attached onto the brick pillar with three iron rods. It shows certain signs of weathering (in particular, covered by moss); however, its condition is still relatively good, as it is protected by the pergola’s roof to some extent. "
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"@value": "26"
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"@value": "23"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "The decoration of the stone is only carved with simple but relatively deep lines, and no relief is carved out. The border ornamentation is quite crude, a simple step pattern, which frequently occurs on Type B stones and can be regarded as simplified interlace pattern (Lindqvist calls it “vereinfachtes Schnurmuster”). In the head field, a very simple depiction of a vessel is largely preserved, featuring a canoe-like hull and a raised, inward-bent stem. "
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],
"ai2:interpretations": [
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "The stone must have been very small, less than 1.00 m high. The shape of the head and the decoration of the dwarf stone clearly indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with almost semi-circular head and slightly downward pointing corner edges. Best parallels regarding the head’s shape, the border pattern and the vessel are GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 143 Halla Broa I, GP 142 Halla Broa VII, and GP 147 Halla Broa X (all of them belonging to Lindqvist’s so-called Stenstugruppe, see ibid. pp. 37–38). The way the vessel’s stem is harmoniously integrated into the corner of the head field is reminiscent of GP 96 Garda Smiss I and GP 19 Ardre Petsarve II (Stenstu-group as well). "
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
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"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2193",
"value_resource_id": 2193,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2193",
"display_title": "GP 147 Halla Broa X",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/53cfc4d8698777ec3d91c1549a1521117e1fc216.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0147.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2066",
"value_resource_id": 2066,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2066",
"display_title": "GP 19 Ardre Petsarve I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/bc5e17d02e70a8735691171c07c152d3771a82d7.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0019.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
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"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1977:2824"
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"ai2:raaID": [
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Barlingbo 17:1"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4599",
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"display_title": "3D model for GP0066",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0066_RGB.nxz",
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades någon gång mellan 1939 och 1967 på ägorna till Stava gård. Fyndet offentliggjordes 1972. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStenen står mot en pelare i en pergola i trädgården vid Stava gård. \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av den övre delen av en dvärgsten (typ B), 25.5 x 22 cm. På fragmentet finns spår av kantdekoration och en båt eller kanot med inåtböjd stäv. \n\nDatering \nBildstenen tillhör Lindqvists typ B, som dateras till cirka 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "interlace"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "boat"
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"@value": "6384272"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"property_label": "Title",
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"@value": "GP 68 Dalhem Hallfoser"
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],
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0068"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Agricultural field (ʻÄngsåkernʼ) belonging to the farm ʻHallfose gårdʼ in Dalhem parish."
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Dalhem"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Dalhem Hallfoser"
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"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "AV KALKSTEN, UTAN RISTNING, FUNNEN ÅR 1873 ELLER 1874 VID HALLFOSER I DALHEM, VID PLÖJNING FÖR NYODLING, NORDOST OM GÅRDEN, CIRKA 500 METER FRÅN DENNA. INVID STENEN FUNNOS BITAR AV EN LITEN LERURNA, DIVERSE PÄRLOR SAMT FRAGMENT AV BRONS - OCH JÄRNNITAR, VILKA FÖREMÅL BLEVO SÄNDA TILL STATENS HISTORISKA MUSEUM (Från GM CA)."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 39) notes: “Picture stone, found about 1874 by the farmer Jacob Larsson while ploughing a plot of cleared land approximately 500 m northeast of his farmstead. Next to the stone, bronze objects were discovered, which apparently were part of a Migration-Period cremation burial. (These objects are owned by SHM, Inv. 5644, 5646).” \n\nAccording to a report by Folke Larsson from 2002 (GF, Dalhem Gårdar H–Ö, Hallfose: Fornfynd vid Hallfose i Dalhem och spår efter gammal bebyggelse m.m.), the picture stone and the other objects were found in 1873 or 1874 in a field called ʻÄngsåkerʼ. First, the picture stone was kept at the farmhouse but later, in 1911, it was handed over by Jacob Larsson to Gotlands Museum. Among the objects which have been found together with the stone are a fibula, a key, a pendant and some chain fragments of bronze, found beneath two limestone slabs (kalkflisor) (SHM 5644), as well as a pottery vessel (SHM 5646). These finds were handed over to Gotlands Museum in 1985. In 1876 and 1879, more finds originating from the same spot were delivered to Fornsalen (Gotlands Museum) by Jacob Larsson (most of them featuring traces of fire exposure): 45 beads, 7 chain links of bronze, a bone comb, and some iron pieces (SHM 5840); an iron mount, a bronze needle, a kind of bronze hook, 60 beads of glass and clay, circa 15 beads which are melted into each other, and 10 iron nails (SHM 6392A); a sword blade, 2 spear heads, an axe, a spindle whorl, a whetstone, pottery sherds, and fragments of wood and iron (SHM 11561). Furthermore, Folke Larsson mentions some objects found by himself, in particular, a stenklot/gravklot. \n\nIn 2017, Dan Carlson investigated remains of settlements and hearths in Hallfose (RAÄ Dalhem 112–116). In his report (ATA, dnr 2018-667) he gives a brief description of the find-rich region of Hallfose, including kämpgravar and probably a Roman Iron Age and Migration Period cemetery at ʻÄngsåkernʼ, where the stone and the other finds from the 1870s were found. It is very likely that the stone once was erected as a grave marker on this very burial ground. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The slab represents an entirely preserved dwarf stone with a massive, almost cuboid root. Only a small part of the root seems to be broken off. “Limestone slab, up to 6 cm thick. The obverse probably is naturally even [but] heavily pitted and weathered. The narrow sides have been dressed roughly at right angles to the obverse. A chamfer between the two probably never existed. The reverse is rough and unworked. The total height is 90 cm, about 70 cm of which are above the root. Width of the head 53.5 cm, of the body 44.5 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 39–40). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "87"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "54"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No traces of decoration are left on the observe of the stone. Possibly, it has never been carved. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size and the shape (semi-circular head with corners slightly protruding downwards and a massive root) of the dwarf stone clearly indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. In terms of shape, Type B stones like GP 143 Halla Broa I and GP 142 Halla Broa VII are good parallels, both belonging to Lindqvist’s ʻStenstugruppeʼ. Unlike the Hallfose monument, however, these stones are decorated on both sides. The Ängsåker grave field probably dates to the Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period. However, some of the finds, namely the sword and the axe (SHM 11561), are from the Viking Period. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
"value_resource_id": 2188,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2188",
"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/36dee40d0be3bf69d7d02ddeae65e03af68ad958.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvistNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildsten"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 39–40, fig. 343. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dalhem, Hallfoser"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC1398"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4601",
"value_resource_id": 4601,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4601",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0068",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0068_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "49"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "coarse reef debris limestone"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (80%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1873 eller 1874 i Ängsåkern, cirka 500 m nordost om Hallfoser gård. Donerades av gårdens ägare till Gotlands fornsal 1911, tillsammans med fynd som var gjorda på samma plats. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nEn helt bevarad dvärgsten (typ B), 90 x 70 cm, men inga bilder är bevarade. Stenen fungerade troligen som en gravsten, och föremålen i graven representeras av de fynd som lämnades in samtidigt med bildstenen. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 289,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6383190"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 290,
"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "710404"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "695514"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgD9hpGDUnSBRYzgZIdihqiZAfHx8TAt5qJgJYn8Er9COno?e=BaXqW5"
}
],
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4601",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0068"
}
]
},
"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/mapping_markers/89",
"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
"o:id": 89,
"o:item": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2115",
"o:id": 2115
},
"o:media": null,
"o-module-mapping:lat": 57.54216963295702,
"o-module-mapping:lng": 18.51576834659852,
"o-module-mapping:label": null
}
]
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/3892",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 3892,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/4",
"o:id": 4
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 703 Unknown Find Spot",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/202581d0b54b28c817141a8d33619725e4ea86cf.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/202581d0b54b28c817141a8d33619725e4ea86cf.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-11-21T10:47:17+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2024-06-14T06:42:58+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4472",
"o:id": 4472
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4472",
"o:id": 4472
}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 703 Unknown Find Spot"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0703"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Unknown"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Small axe-shaped stele with lower part broken off. The show side is slightly concave. Even and smoothly worked surface. HS"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "44"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "47"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "14"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "customvocab:10",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A (ca. 400-600)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No references"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/5234",
"value_resource_id": 5234,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/5234",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0703"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/5234",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0703"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"@type": [
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"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2121,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/large/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4010",
"o:id": 4010
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4010",
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}
],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 74 Endre skog"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0074"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A gravel pit in the forest between Endre and Visby, which also contained grave finds. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Endre"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Endre skog"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen i en grusgrop där man också hittade vikingatida gravfynd (SHM 1667). Found in forest between Endre and Visby."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM Storage"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "SHM"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationNote": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 294,
"property_label": "Context Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Pall 28, Stone 3"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The small stone slab was found in 1851 by the workman Olof Toftén in a gravel pit situated in the forest between Endre and Visby (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 41; Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 145–146; Rundkvist 2012, p. 152 cat. no. 4). In the same gravel pit he had collected numerous grave goods which were reported and transferred to Statens Historiska Museum in Stockholm. Toftén collected the items at two different occasions during the same year (SHM 1667 and 1687). The stone and the other objects were located close to the surface, along with human bones. Among the finds were two animal head brooches, two bronze penannular brooches, a box brooch, a bronze bow brooch, a pair of bronze dress pins, bronze belt mounts, bronze bangles, a gilded bronze bracteate, a fossil (Astylospongia), beads, knives, a comb, a sword, and an axe, as well as pottery sherds. Most of the material can be dated to the Viking Age, and some items to the Late Vendel Period (Thunmark-Nylén 1995–2006 IV:1, pp. 145–146). Consequently, the picture stone appears to have been re-used in a Viking Age grave construction. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The limestone slab is 10 cm thick, and its obverse is quite even. The narrow sides are hewn at right angles to the obverse with a levelled chamfer of 1 cm width. The stone’s reverse is rough and unworked. The preserved slab represents circa two thirds of a small picture stone – its head and most of the lower image field. The lower left corner, however, is broken off and lost. The height of the fragment is 50 cm, its width between the upper edges 37 cm. The missing part is now reconstructed with cement. The distinctly carved decoration is very well preserved. Lindqvist provides photos of the painted and the unpainted stone, as well as a drawing by Olof Sörling (1941/42 I, figs. 50, 52; II, fig. 341; cf. ATA 1718:31b, 2223:27–28, 2440:42). "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "50"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "37"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 42) describes the carvings as follows: “Decorated with contour lines that have a V-shaped cross section and are slightly more than 2 mm deep, the background field has been carved to a depth of about 2 mm. Within a border with a debased three-strand interlace pattern, at the very bottom, a running stag or elk with large antlers, above this, a serpent with its body intertwined in itself, also a watercraft with rounded, raised stems and a ʻcabinʼ, which by now is rather indistinct, and finally, at the very top, a single-strand interlace pattern.” The animal’s antler does not look like the shovel-shaped antler of an elk but more like a stylised branched antler of a red deer stag. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "There is one more Type B ʻdwarf stoneʼ depicting a deer and a snake – on GP 551 Väskinde Butter a red deer stag can be seen who is sucking in and probably eating a serpent. The late-type picture stone GP 98 Garda kyrka II depicts two facing moose, which have an figure-eight-shaped loop – probably a snake – between their mouths, apparently eating it as well. More images of deer, albeit without snakes, can be seen on the Type B stone GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV and the late type ʻcist stonesʼ GP 195 Hellvi Ire 6 (a red deer stag attacked by two hunters), and GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II (a red deer with long, backwards-turned antlers). \n\nThe deer who is fighting and even eating a serpent represents a widespread motif in ancient and medieval Christian literary tradition and iconography. For the interpretation of the deer-and-serpent motif in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular, on Type B picture stones but also in Viking Period iconography see GP 551 Väskinde Butter. It is important to mention that the depiction of a ʻknottedʼ serpent, with its body intertwined with itself, follows conventions of ancient Christian iconography, indicating that the animal (representing evil) is vanished and bound (Meier 1998, p. 388; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 252–253). \n\nThe non-zoomorphic interlace pattern above the ship may be understandable in a similar manner. Central interlace and knot motifs on Type B picture stones such as GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I, GP 193 Hellvi Ire III and Endre skog may represent more than just decoration and could be regarded as apotropaic images. The conception of knot, net and interlace patterns as being magical protective devices against all kinds of harm – fettering, capturing and caging the evil in their impenetrable web – is widespread and well documented in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and has also been discussed regarding Late Iron Age Scandinavia, namely in case of the animal styles (e.g. Scheftelowitz 1912; Weigert 1938; Wessel 1971; Zischka 1977; Kitzinger 1993; Graf 2010, 29–35; Wamers 2008, 52–54; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 265–288; Oehrl 2019a, p. 123). That serpent-like animals, intertwined and knotted together, represent fettered and defanged demons, is easy to imagine. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2595",
"value_resource_id": 2595,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2595",
"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2145",
"value_resource_id": 2145,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2145",
"display_title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e13715dd8b6e066fe9667f0ebd68303d13d6cc48.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_kyrkoinventarier_Garde_del2_2003-2004_no168.pdf",
"thumbnail_type": "application/pdf"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2261",
"value_resource_id": 2261,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2261",
"display_title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/ef13e9c60ce0dff7f284a626b2399cb07717f44b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0215.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2241",
"value_resource_id": 2241,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2241",
"display_title": "GP0195"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2075",
"value_resource_id": 2075,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2075",
"display_title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/acbd9d226bb5b84910f25c93b2a321788d331c97.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0028.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
"value_resource_id": 2295,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Middle-type ʻdwarf stoneʼ, which means ʻAbschnittʼ B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The monument belongs to the group of Type B stones with convex head with pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 37) assigns it to his Sandegårdagruppe, named after GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, which is characterized by the shape described above and rich decoration. The interlace border on Endre skog is the same as on GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I and GP 83 Fole kyrka. Lindqvist compares the interlace motif on the lower image field of Endre skog and other middle-type picture stones with the decoration of Vendel Period brooches in order to support his dating of ʻAbschnittʼ B (ibid. p. 116). The convex and almost semicircular shape of the ship represents, according to Lindqvist (ibid. p. 64–65), a variant of the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, or perhaps even a late imitation of the Brotypus (including the ʻcabinʼ), named after the Type A stone GP 43 Bro kyrka I. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction without mast or sail to his group 1 (rigglösa skepp), which he dates to the period between the 5th and the 6th century. In Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 159), the stone belongs to group dwarf2, dating to the early Vendel Period. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
"value_resource_id": 2385,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2385",
"display_title": "GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5fbacd99c3919284cf35f545a981332bbed772f9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0340.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2130",
"value_resource_id": 2130,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2130",
"display_title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d09b2e815314b8f91679309a70e47bf23f150cdc.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0083.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124",
"value_resource_id": 2124,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2124",
"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2090",
"value_resource_id": 2090,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2090",
"display_title": "GP 43 Bro kyrka I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e43251593567fd4e0aa467ca0d13c384502017d4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0043.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 37, 74, 89, 116, fig. 50, 52; II, pp. 41–42, fig. 341; Leppäaho 1948, p. 52; Oxenstierna 1954, p. 330, fig. 7; Varenius 1992, p. 58, fig. 12; Heizmann/Steuer 1999, p. 601; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 42, 44; Heizmann 2011, p. 564 fn. 152; Oehrl 2011a, p. 76; Guber 2011, pp. 77, 57, 115 cat. no. 11, figs. 18, 37; Pesch 2015a, pp. 375–576; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 166–168, pl. 167d. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Endre Skog (Wald)"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4607",
"value_resource_id": 4607,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4607",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0074"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "53"
}
],
"ai2:shmID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 311,
"property_label": "Statens Historiska Museer ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "1687"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1851 vid grustäkt i skogen mellan Visby och Endre. I samma grustäkt påträffades även gravfynd från sen vendeltid och vikingatid, vilket tyder på att bildstenen återanvänts i en vikingatida grav. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nStatens Historiska Museum, magasinet i Tumba \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå tredjedelar av en dvärgsten (period B), 50 cm hög och som bredast 37 cm. Bildsidan är uppdelad i tre fält med ett flätmönster överst, ett fartyg och en orm som är slingrad i sig själv i mittfältet och en springande hjort eller älg i det nedersta fältet. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-700-talen. \n\nTolkning \nHjorten och den slingrade ormen kan vara en influens från en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "serpent"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "interlace"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "boat"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "deer"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "antlers"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6581391"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "675775"
}
],
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2075",
"o:title": "GP 28 Bara Nederbjärs II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2145",
"o:title": "GP 98 Garda kyrka II"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2189",
"o:title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2261",
"o:title": "GP 215 Kräklingbo Smiss IV"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130",
"o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2320",
"o:title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2322",
"o:title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212",
"o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2227",
"o:title": "GP 181 Hejdeby Råby"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2284",
"o:title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2285",
"o:title": "GP 239 Lokrume Tomase I"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2414",
"o:title": "GP 369 Stenkyrka Lillbjärs IV"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2595",
"o:title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4607",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0074"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:id": 2124,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"medium": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/medium/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg",
"square": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg"
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T11:14:29+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012",
"o:id": 4012
},
"o:media": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4012",
"o:id": 4012
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4013",
"o:id": 4013
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/2950",
"o:id": 2950
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],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
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"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0077"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "A meadow (probably a small burial ground) near Larsarve in Eskelhem parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Grave-field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Eskelhem"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Eskelhem Larsarve"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av \"Sprängänget\" nedanför Larsarve"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
}
],
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"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Both stones, Eskelhem Larsarve I and GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II, are mentioned by Per Arvid Säve in his Berättelser (1863, p. 192; 1864, p. 311). They […] “obviously were hewn at the same time and probably were intended to form a single monument” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). They were found “[…] about 1863 by Mr Joh. Carlsson, Ekeby, while cultivating land in ‘Sprängänget’ below Larsarve, at a distance of several ells from each other. No. II was lying just below the turf between ashes, burnt bones, and field stone roundels, at a small mound” (ibid.). Lindqvist considers those stones to have been placed pairwise on graves. About 100–200 m west-southwest of the farmstead, just south of the main road, three circular stone settings can still be observed (RAÄ Eskelhem 26:1 and 27:1–2), which are 8, 9, and 26 m in diameter. Next to the farm buildings, circa 15 m to the east, a (grave?) mound of approximately 1 m height is registered (RAÄ Eskelhem 69:1). Apparently, there was a small burial ground from which the two Larsave stones originate. Today, the two stones are on exhibition in Gotlands Fornsal, arranged as a facing pair, as if marking a grave. "
},
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"url": "/s/index/item/2125",
"display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
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"@value": "Lindqvist describes both slabs as follows: “Similar limestone slabs with smooth structure over the root, which then is slightly rougher, 4.5 cm and 5 cm thick, respectively. On both stones, the broad sides have been dressed upwards of the root but not levelled; apparently, no chamfers were fashioned between them. Height 1 m and 82 cm, 72 and 52 cm of which are above the root, respectively. Width at the corners 53 and 47 cm, at the bases about 34 and 31 cm, respectively”. Eskelhem Larsarve I was broken into four pieces when it was delivered to Gotlands Museum – two fragments of the slabʼs upper half, the lower part including the massive square root, and a small piece of the right-hand edge. Two small sections, one at the lower right-hand edge and one almost in the middle of the stone, were missing. The pieces have been put together and missing parts reconstructed. GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II was discovered undamaged and completely preserved, including the rough and shapeless root part. The smooth surface of both stones and their fine carvings are well-preserved. "
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint. However, photos of the yet unpainted stones (482:13b, 1648:55–56, B3:61) as well as drawings by Olof Sörling from 1910/11 are kept in ATAʼs “Run- och bildstenssamling” and have been published in Lindqvistʼs book (see X). The well-preserved depictions on both slabs are described by Lindqvist as followings: “The decoration mainly was executed in very fine (chisel?) lines, but all around and within the figure-of-eight-shaped band figures in the borders of stone No. I, the background fields have been carved as if by chip carving – just as the field between the quadruped’s front legs of stone No. II. On each stone, one face features a border and a rectangular grid above the lowermost part of the field; above, there is on No. I a watercraft with rounded stems, the elevated ends of which terminate in animal heads, a small, tabular sail on a high mast that appears to be rigged with both forestay and backstay attached to the stem-heads, as well as the torsos of three crewmen jutting out over the railing; the steering oar is attached to the port side. Instead of this image of a ship, the corresponding face of No. II features two four-legged animals, heraldically juxtaposed and shown in profile. The other broad side of No. I was given the same border as the face described above, while the reverse of No. II was left entirely smooth” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Due to their characteristic body shape and the form of their heads, the two identical antithetic quadrupeds can be interpreted as horses, even though no tails are depicted (cf. ibid. I, p. 89; while Guber [2011, pp. 53–59] for some reason separates them from the horses and just calls them “Vierbeiner”). "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "The depiction of two facing horses on GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II can be associated with similar images on several Type A picture stones, which on the basis of the Migration Period picture stone from Häggeby in Uppland and medieval literary sources are commonly interpreted as depictions of ritual horse fights – GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7, GP 99 Garda kyrka 3, GP 554 Väskinde kyrka 5, GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and probably also the Type B stone GP 578 Alva Änge. The topic of horse fights (called hestavíg in Old Norse literature) and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see in particular GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. "
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"display_title": "GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244",
"value_resource_id": 2244,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7"
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{
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146",
"value_resource_id": 2146,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2146",
"display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2598",
"value_resource_id": 2598,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2598",
"display_title": "GP0554",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c8dddf303f0e7592b7a4ce274307145933b0f467.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0554.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
"value_resource_id": 2178,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2178",
"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"value_resource_id": 2621,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2621",
"display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg",
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"property_id": 287,
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"@value": "Middle type “dwarf stone”, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The Larsarve stones belong to those few Type B stones which feature a semicircular head with pronounced corners slanting diagonally down towards the main body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 38–40). The second main characteristic of the Larsarve stones is the shape of their body, narrowing towards the bottom. Lindqvist separates the two stones from the rest of Type B and treats them as a further sub-group, called Larsarvesteine (ibid. 38, tab. II). According to Lindqvist, the Larsarvesteine represent the result of a further development within the Stenstugruppe (ibid. 40), where similar head and body forms already occurred. Even the iconography and style (crew aboard the sailing ship, shape of the horses) may indicate a late date within “Abschnitt” B, at the transition to “Abschnitt” C/D (cf. ibid. 117). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Eskelhem Larsarve I (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 64–66: Segelfahrzeuge vom Rikvidetypus) to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. Rundkvist (2012, p. 159), however, based on his typological analysis, dates the Larsarve monument to the Middle Vendel Period (Type dwarf3). "
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"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades omkring 1863 tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av Sprängänget nära gården Larsarve. Vid fyndplatsen rester av ett mindre gravfält. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen, placerad tillsammans med GP 78 Eskelhem Larsarve I, så att de bildar en markering av en grav. \n\nBeskrivning \nTvå fragment av en dvärgsten (period B). Bevarad höjd 82 cm och som bredast 47 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom bild av skepp, med mast segel och tre besättningsmän. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"@value": "rudder"
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"@value": "man"
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "head"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCq0RZBpJr_T4IY3CPUHl-EAeyckD52aPz03h9G5S0ZHLA?e=QhsSec"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2121",
"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2125",
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},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130",
"o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203",
"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2212",
"o:title": "GP 166 Halla Broa XVIII"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272",
"o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2336",
"o:title": "GP 290 Unknown Find Spot"
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],
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med GP 77 Eskelhem Lararve I vid uppodling av \"Sprängänget\" nedanför Larsarve"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
{
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"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "Both stones, GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I and Eskelhem Larsarve II, are mentioned by Per Arvid Säve in his Berättelser (1863, p. 192; 1864, p. 311). They […] “obviously were hewn at the same time and probably were intended to form a single monument” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). They were found “[…] about 1863 by Mr Joh. Carlsson, Ekeby, while cultivating land in ‘Sprängänget’ below Larsarve, at a distance of several ells from each other. No. II was lying just below the turf between ashes, burnt bones, and field stone roundels, at a small mound” (ibid.). Lindqvist considers those stones to have been placed pairwise on graves. About 100–200 m west-southwest of the farmstead, just south of the main road, three circular stone settings can still be observed (RAÄ Eskelhem 26:1 and 27:1–2), which are 8, 9, and 26 m in diameter. Next to the farm buildings, circa 15 m to the east, a (grave?) mound of approximately 1 m height is registered (RAÄ Eskelhem 69:1). Apparently, there was a small burial ground from which the two Larsave stones originate. Today, the two stones are on exhibition in Gotlands Fornsal, arranged as a facing pair, as if marking a grave. "
},
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"url": "/s/index/item/2124",
"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0077.jpg",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist describes both slabs as follows: “Similar limestone slabs with smooth structure over the root, which then is slightly rougher, 4.5 cm and 5 cm thick, respectively. On both stones, the broad sides have been dressed upwards of the root but not levelled; apparently, no chamfers were fashioned between them. Height 1 m and 82 cm, 72 and 52 cm of which above the root, respectively. Width at the corners 53 and 47 cm, at the bases about 34 and 31 cm, respectively”. Eskelhem Larsarve I was broken into four pieces when it was delivered to Gotlands Museum – two fragments of the slabʼs upper half, the lower part including the massive square root, and a small piece of the right-hand edge. Two small sections, one at the lower right-hand edge and one almost in the middle of the stone, were missing. The pieces have been put together and missing parts reconstructed. Eskelhem Larsarve II was discovered undamaged and completely preserved, including the rough and shapeless root part. The smooth surface of both stones and their fine carvings are well-preserved. "
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"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
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"is_public": true,
"@value": "82"
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"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "47"
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "4"
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"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The carvings have been traced with paint. However, photos of the yet unpainted stones (482:13b, 1648:55–56, B3:61) as well as drawings by Olof Sörling from 1910/11 are kept in ATAʼs “Run- och bildstenssamling” and have been published in Lindqvistʼs book (see X). The well-preserved depictions on both slabs are described by Lindqvist in the following way: “The decoration mainly was executed in very fine (chisel?) lines, but all around and within the figure-of-eight-shaped band figures in the borders of stone No. I, the background fields have been carved as if by chip carving – just as the field between the quadruped’s front legs of stone No. II. On each stone, one face features a border and a rectangular grid above the lowermost part of the field; above, there is on No. I a watercraft with rounded stems, the elevated ends of which terminate in animal heads, a small, tabular sail on a high mast that appears to be rigged with both forestay and backstay attached to the stem-heads, as well as the torsos of three crewmen jutting out over the railing; the steering oar is attached to the port side. Instead of this image of a ship, the corresponding face of No. II features two four-legged animals, heraldically juxtaposed and shown in profile. The other broad side of No. I was given the same border as the face described above, while the reverse of No. II was left entirely smooth” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Due to their characteristic body shape and form of their heads, the two identical antithetic quadrupeds can be interpreted as horses, even though no tails are depicted (cf. ibid. I, p. 89; while Guber [2011, pp. 53–59] for some reason separates them from the horses and just calls them “Vierbeiner”). "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "The depiction of two facing horses on Eskelhem Larsarve II can be associated with similar images on several Type A picture stones, which on the basis of the Migration Period picture stone from Häggeby in Uppland and medieval literary sources are commonly interpreted as depictions of ritual horse fights – GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7, GP 99 Garda kyrka 3, GP 554 Väskinde kyrka 5, GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I, and probably also the Type B stone GP 578 Alva Änge. The topic of horse fights (called hestavíg in Old Norse literature) and horse sacrifice in the iconography of the (early) Gotland picture stones has often been discussed, see in particular GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7 and the following literature: Gjessing 1943, pp. 29–30; Lindqvst 1955, pp. 41–43; Ellmers 1970, pp. 243–245; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 26; Althaus 1993, pp. 87–89, 192–193; Lamm 1999; Beck 2003, pp. 96–97; Guber 2011, pp. 55–56; Pesch 2015a, p. 357; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 62–63. "
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"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2244",
"value_resource_id": 2244,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2244",
"display_title": "GP 198 Hellvi Ire 7"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2146",
"value_resource_id": 2146,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2146",
"display_title": "GP 99 Garda kyrka 3",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/73513d4574193875b1bb8c7af1eca22b30f32e41.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0099.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2598",
"value_resource_id": 2598,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2598",
"display_title": "GP0554",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/c8dddf303f0e7592b7a4ce274307145933b0f467.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0554.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2178",
"value_resource_id": 2178,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2178",
"display_title": "GP 132 Hablingbo Havor I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/4c1a0d3d1a6d42f9571d0dcca85841b3fc3ccc46.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0132.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2621",
"value_resource_id": 2621,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2621",
"display_title": "GP 578 Alva änge",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7f75e4fcad20bca6570d71906b0824868ef7351b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0578.jpg",
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type “dwarf stone”, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating between AD 500 and 700. The Larsarve stones belong to those few Type B stones which feature a semicircular head with pronounced corners slanting diagonally down towards the main body (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 38–40). The second main characteristic of the Larsarve stones is the shape of their body, narrowing towards the bottom. Lindqvist separates the two stones from the rest of Type B and treats them as a further sub-group, called Larsarvesteine (ibid. 38, tab. II). According to Lindqvist, the Larsarvesteine represent the result of a further development within the Stenstugruppe (ibid. 40), where similar head and body forms already occurred. Even the iconography and style (crew aboard the sailing ship, shape of the horses) may indicate a late date within “Abschnitt” B, at the transition to “Abschnitt” C/D (cf. ibid. 117). Varenius (1992, p. 63, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I (Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 64–66: Segelfahrzeuge vom Rikvidetypus) to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. Rundkvist (2012, p. 159), however, based on his typological analysis, dates the Larsarve monument to the Middle Vendel Period (Type dwarf3). "
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{
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"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
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"type": "customvocab:3",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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],
"ai2:references": [
{
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941, pp. 16, 19, fig. 1; 1941/42 I, pp. 40, 64-66, 89, 117, 120, figs. 71–76, 227; II, p. 40, fig. 342; Gjessing 1943, 69–70, 105, fig. 5.3b; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 28; Lamm/Nylén 2003, 43; Guber 2011, pp. 59, 115–116, cat. nos. 12–13; Rundkvist 2012, pp. 157, 159; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 63, 145, 149, pl. 2g, 28d. "
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Eskelhem, Larsarve II"
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
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"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFA2141"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4611",
"value_resource_id": 4611,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4611",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0078",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0078_RGB.nxz",
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "54b"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades omkring 1863 tillsammans med GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve II vid uppodling av Sprängänget nära gården Larsarve. Vid fyndplatsen rester av ett mindre gravfält. \n\n Nuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen, placerad tillsammans med GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I, så att de bildar en markering av en grav. \n\nBeskrivning \nHel bevarad dvärgsten (period B), höjd 100 cm och som bredast 53 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom bild av två motställda djur, sannolikt två hästar. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nKan vara en avbildning av hingsthetsning. \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"value_resource_id": 2124,
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"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "horse"
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{
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "horse fight"
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"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6393355"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgBAAMxrYWmaT7AWh8xWHt5RAVT0g1HIFRKDl3YZWYQND0M?e=959QDG"
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"o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2455",
"o:title": "GP 410 Stenkyrka kyrka 21"
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"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2272",
"o:title": "GP 226 Källunge kyrka 8"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
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"o:title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I"
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"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:id": 2
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"o:title": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje",
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4016",
"o:id": 4016
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"o:id": 2
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 79 Etelhem Järnvägslinje"
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0079"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Along the railway line in Etelhem, Etelhem parish. "
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],
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{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Other"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Etelhem"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Etelhem Järnvägen"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunnen under byggnad av järnvägen."
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"type": "customvocab:6",
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"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Fornsalen"
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],
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{
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"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildstenshallen"
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The picture stone was found in 1879 during the construction of the railway line in Etelhem, Etelhem parish (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). More information about the find spot and find circumstances are not available. "
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],
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Limestone slab, fine-grained, sandstone-like, 5 cm thick. The obverse probably is naturally smooth, curved. The narrow sides dressed at right angles towards the obverse, the reverse rough. Height 68 cm, 55 cm of which measured from the lower edge of the decoration. Width between the edges 43 cm, at the neck 39 cm, at the basis 45 cm. The decoration is executed very shallowly, with fine lines and slightly chiselled background fields. In part, as in the case of the horse’s front legs, the patterns and figures appear to have been defined by chiselling away merely the background fields immediately surrounding them” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 42). Nevertheless, the carvings are well discernible, the surface is not weathered. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "68"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "45"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“The field is surrounded by a border filled with a simplified twisted cord pattern and is divided into two halves by a horizontal band. The upper part features a triangle not chiselled away down to the background field [in the left corner, rising from the bottom of the panel] and three men with belts and knee-length tunics; the outer men, their swords drawn, appear to attack the one standing in the middle, who probably lacks any weapons. In the lower field, there are two more triangles left standing [one rising from the bottom, just between the horse’s forelegs, and the other one protruding from the left edge border] and a horseman with sword and pointed cap, but no shield” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 43). This description corresponds to Lindqvist’s photo of the painted stone published in “Gotlands Bildsteine” (ibid. I, fig. 64; cf. ATA 1648:70, H. Faith-Ell 1933; photo without paint: ATA 186:4). \n\nAccording to Olof Sörling’s drawing dating to 1917 (ibid. II, fig. 350), the man in the middle of the upper panel appears to be armed as well; a possible blade or scabbard protrudes from his right shoulder. Apart from that, the drawing corresponds to Lindqvist’s image (ibid. I, fig. 64). There are some remarkable finely carved details that depict the horseman’s sword, the warrior’s belts, tunics, parts of the leg bindings, and even the hair of the left swordsmen. The depiction of the horseman is remarkable as well, providing interesting insights into Late Iron Age horse riding technique (ibid. I, pp. 82–83) – the rider is sitting on a relatively huge horse, in reclined position, with horizontal upper legs and the lower leg at the horse’s shoulder. The reins in the equestrian’s hand are leading from the horse’s mouth (snaffle bit). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 38) labels the stone as Type B monument, dating between AD 500 and 700, however, without giving any reasons for this view. Only the stone’s small size and the typical step or geometrized twisted cord pattern might be used as arguments. Iconography, carving technique, and the mushroom shape of the slab do rather indicate a Late Type picture stone, i.e. Type C/D, dating to the 8th–10th centuries. The outline shape is comparable to the stocky Type C/D dwarf stone GP 161 Halla Broa III for instance. The primitive step pattern, which is indeed typical for Type B stones, does occasionally occur in ʻAbschnittʼ C/D as well, as on GP 212 Klinte Hunninge IV (Klintebys). Horsemen and warriors with uplifted swords are frequent Type C/D motives. According to Lindqvist’s interpretation, two swordsmen flanking and attacking a figure (a woman in this case) between them, placed in the uppermost panel of a picture stone, are also depicted on the Late Type monument GP 253 Lärbro St. Hammars I. The finely carved lines on the Etelhem stone, depicting details of dress, weapons and body parts, probably to be regarded as preliminary sketches, do also represent typical Type C/D features. Oehrl regards the Etelhem stone (as well as GP 13 Alva Bopparve) as a late Type B stone, perhaps representing a transitional form between the groups of middle and late type picture stones, presumably dating to the 8th century or even later (2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227). Basically, however, there is hardly any reason to see anything else in those stones than Type C/D stones. \n\nAccording to Rundkvist’s (2012) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf4 which occurs in his periods 4–7, i.e., between the Late Vendel Period and the Late Viking Period (8th to 11th century). "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2207",
"value_resource_id": 2207,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2207",
"display_title": "GP 161 Halla Broa III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0a4b22bb8da6bb7d59b33ea8abd309a6e3b47ccb.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0161.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2258",
"value_resource_id": 2258,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2258",
"display_title": "GP 212 Klinte Hunninge (IV) (Klintebys)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/403f779f9a82ef3ff7d10083df0c57792d7a2877.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0212.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2299",
"value_resource_id": 2299,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2299",
"display_title": "GP 253 Lärbro Stora Hammars I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/d633dfb0db357f71c420b161a1e48e1024726ee9.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0253",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2060",
"value_resource_id": 2060,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2060",
"display_title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/439d99f8d032815c4af7697787a842ee4043ac57.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0013.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 82–83, fig. 64; II, pp. 42–43, fig. 350; Guber 2011, pp. 64–65, fig. 27, 29, p. 116 cat. no. 14; Oehrl 2019a, pp. 11, 18, 227, pl. 2h. "
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Etelhem, Eisenbahnlinie"
}
],
"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFA2264"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4612",
"value_resource_id": 4612,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4612",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0079",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0079_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
}
],
"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "55"
}
],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine limestone without reef debris"
}
],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Slite Group (40%)"
}
],
"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nPåträffades 1879 i samband med järnvägsbygge i Etelhems socken, men oklart var i socknen. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad dvärgsten (period B eller mer troligt period C/D), 68 cm hög och som bredast 45 cm. Kantdekor bevarad, liksom två bildfält. Det övre bildfältet med tre stående män och en triangel, de båda yttre med dragna svärd, men personen i mitten utan vapen. Det nedre bildfältet en ryttare med svärd men ingen sköld och två trianglar. \n\nDatering \nDateringen oklar, men den tillhör perioden 500-900-talen, förmodligen period 700-900-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
}
],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "man"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "belt"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "tunic"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sword"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "rider"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "headgear"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "stockings"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "horse trappings"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "triangle"
},
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sheath"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6393355"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 296,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "696536"
}
],
"ai2:downloadPath": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 349,
"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAQ4ZnZd75gTbSjafZlhs2aAZQ3k4JgUwwy3AnVgYkn43M?e=ImSVpN"
}
],
"@reverse": {
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2060",
"o:title": "GP 13 Alva Bopparve"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2203",
"o:title": "GP 157 Halla Broa XII"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210",
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210",
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2210",
"o:title": "GP 164 Halla Broa XV"
}
],
"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/4612",
"o:title": "3D model for GP0079"
}
]
}
},
{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2127",
"@type": [
"o:Item",
"dctype:PhysicalObject"
],
"o:id": 2127,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/users/1",
"o:id": 1
},
"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
"o:id": 32
},
"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
"o:id": 2
},
"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 80 Fide Österby",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
"large": null,
"medium": null,
"square": null
},
"o:created": {
"@value": "2023-03-07T10:42:09+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:modified": {
"@value": "2026-04-21T11:16:06+00:00",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/sites/2",
"o:id": 2
}
],
"dcterms:title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 80 Fide Österby"
}
],
"dcterms:identifier": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0080"
}
],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
}
],
"ai2:ksamsok": [
{
"type": "uri",
"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/78aabf0d-d5f2-4165-8bbc-fef079fbde29",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
}
],
"ai2:findLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural field belonging to the farm ʻÖsterby gårdʼ in Fide parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fide"
}
],
"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fide Österby"
}
],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Funnen 200 sydöst om bokstaven d i Siffride på geologiska kartbladet Burgsvik"
}
],
"ai2:presentLocation": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 281,
"property_label": "Present Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In the garden of the farmhouse, leaning against a wall."
}
],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Farmstead"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:6",
"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Private Property"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Found about 1920, 200 m southeast of the junction north of the d in Siffride in the geological map sheet Burgsvik, lying in a “vast” ground, about a foot deep, in the soil of an old meadow that is now a field. The stone was lying horizontally; despite a search, only a few field stones were found under it. In 1932, it was stored on the premises of the farmstead immediately to the west of the finding place, but the owner, Mr. Alb. Persson, pledged to re-erect the stone on the preserved remains of the meadow just to the north-east. Registered in 1921 by fil. dr Harald Hansson” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 43). \n\nAccording to the 1978 inventory, the find place is located approximately 100 m south of the farmstead. In 1978 it was still at the farm, leaning against a wall in the garden, where it is situated to the present day. "
}
],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Sandstone slab, about 10 cm thick, 120 cm high. The obverse is even, the narrow sides levelled at right angles to the obverse up to a height of 97 cm under the point, the reverse rough. The head is 54 cm wide and 32 cm high, the neck 48 cm wide, the base 67 cm wide” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 43). The mushroom-shaped monument is completely preserved, including the root, which is approximately 20 cm high. The carved surface, however, is much weathered. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "120"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "67"
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "10"
}
],
"ai2:material": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Sandstone"
}
],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Little has remained of the decoration except portions of the lines that define the narrow borders (which apparently included a schematised two-stranded band pattern) as well as parts of a sail with rhombic pattern” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 43–44). "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The mushroom-shaped picture stone belongs to Lindqvist’s ʻAbschnittʼ C/D or E. Lindqvist labels it as dwarf stone (approximately 1.00 m height above ground). Its head is almost semi-circular with slightly pronounced corners. As no images and no ornaments nor runic characters are left on the surface, the monument can only be roughly dated to the period between the 8th century (or rather around 800) and the 11th century. "
}
],
"ai2:shapeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
}
],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "C/D (ca. 700-1000)"
},
{
"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "E (ca. 1000-1150)"
}
],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
{
"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
}
],
"ai2:references": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 288,
"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 43–44, fig. 345. "
}
],
"ai2:fornsokID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:4585"
}
],
"ai2:raaID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 307,
"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fide 43:1"
}
],
"ai2:slID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fide, Österby"
}
],
"ai2:model3D": [
{
"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"property_label": "Path to download",
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"o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka",
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@value": "Incorporated into the churchyard wall (?) of Fole church. "
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Churchyard"
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{
"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Unknown"
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"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Fole"
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"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Fole Tollby"
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"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Hittad i kyrkogårdsmuren? Se Lq 1942:44. Enligt senare källa hittad på Tollby i närheten av J P nr 58"
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"@value": "There is almost no information available about the find circumstances. Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 44) only notes that the fragment was submitted to Gotlands Museum in 1919 by the elementary school teacher William Kupper. Only Lindqvist’s designation of the stone “Fole, Kirchhofsmauer” indicates that it was found incorporated into or perhaps leaning against the wall of the churchyard. Surprisingly, Jan Peder Lamm notes instead that the stone was discovered less than 100 m away from GP 84 Fole St. Tollby (Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 183). This information appears to be based on a misunderstanding. However, it cannot be verified. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2131",
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"display_title": "GP 84 Fole St. Tollby",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, up to 7 cm thick. The obverse probably naturally even, later abraded in places by footsteps. The narrow sides hewn at right angles towards the obverse; between them, a narrow chamfer occurs below the stone’s corners. The reverse is rough and unworked. The fragment is preserved to a height of about 61 cm. Width between the corners 61 cm; the width of the neck once was about 42 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 44). The fragment represents the entire head of a small picture stone as well as a small part of the lower image field. "
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"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "61"
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"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "6,5"
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"property_label": "Material",
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist provides pictures of the painted and the unpainted stone, which give a good idea of how the well-preserved carvings and the worn and polished parts look (1941/42 I, figs. 49, 51–52; cf. ATA 1648:37 [H. Faith-Ell 1933]). In addition, an unpublished drawing by Olof Sörling and a photo taken in 1920 by Lindqvist are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 44) describes the carvings as follows: “The band patterns are brought out by the chiselling-down of the background fields in a Kerbschnitt-like technique. Also, the background field surrounding the ship has been carved down in places and has an uneven surface. The double-framed border encloses a debased three-strand interlace pattern. In the field below the neck, there is an interlace pattern, above it, a ship with steep and towering stems that bend outwards almost at right angles, as well as a sail decorated with an interlace pattern on a clearly depicted yardarm.” Whether the interlace pattern forming the ship’s sail could indicate a certain manufacturing technique of Late Iron Age sails (weaving) has been discussed (e.g. Varenius 1992, p. 63). "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "There are more Type B picture stones on which interlace patterns occur not only as border decoration but as a central motif of the image field – GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I, GP 193 Hellvi Ire III and GP 74 Endre skog. In those cases, the interlace could bear a symbolic meaning, and an apotropaic intention should be taken into consideration. The conception of knot, net and interlace patterns as being magical protective devices against all kinds of harm – fettering, capturing and caging the evil in their impenetrable web – is widespread and well documented in Antiquity and the Middle Ages, and has also been discussed regarding Late Iron Age Scandinavia (e.g. Scheftelowitz 1912; Weigert 1938; Wessel 1971; Zischka 1977; Kitzinger 1993; Graf 2010, 29–35; Wamers 2008, 52–54; Oehrl 2011a, pp. 265–288; Oehrl 2019a, p. 123). "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2295",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2295",
"display_title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/5d1306a11ddd49fc185a7d73c16d48f39158528c.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0249.jpg",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2239",
"value_resource_id": 2239,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2239",
"display_title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e57cf8c7b3bbf101018d9f41c6bd0b096c3af4f4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0193.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2121",
"value_resource_id": 2121,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2121",
"display_title": "GP 74 Endre skog",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/385997197feacf40f30834dbce85a832140ead51.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0074.jpg",
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"@value": "Middle type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist’s typology, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and strongly pronounced corners protruding horizontally. He assigns it to the Sandegårdagruppe, named after GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I, which is characterized by the shape described above and rich decoration. In Rundkvist’s typology (2012, p. 160), the stone belongs to group dwarf 2, dating to the Early Vendel Period. According to Lindqvist (1941/42 I, p. 65), the unusual sailing ship depicted on the Fole stone represents the Larsarvetypus, named after the ship depiction on GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns it to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th century. Lindqvist compares the interlace pattern of Fole kyrka and other middle-type picture stones with the decoration of Vendel Period brooches to support his dating of ʻAbschnittʼ B (ibid. p. 116). "
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2385",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2124",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2124",
"display_title": "GP 77 Eskelhem Larsarve I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1d5e2e006d595a79bd4fae7e116a544c8efbfab0.jpg",
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"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
}
],
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"property_id": 304,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type Note",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Bildsten"
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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{
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, pp. 36–37, 65, 116, fig. 42; II, p. 44; Varenius 1992, p. 63, fig. 23; Guber 2011, p. 117 cat. no. 15. "
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"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "L1977:5325"
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fole 118:1"
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"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fole, Kirchhofsmauer"
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"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC4366"
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4616",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0083",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
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"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "57"
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"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "fine limestone without reef debris"
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"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Slite Group (100%)"
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades troligen i kyrkogårdsmuren vid Fole kyrka, och lämnades till Gotlands museum 1919. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Visby, magasinet på Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nFragment av en liten sten (period B), med bevarad höjd 61 cm och bredd som mest 61 cm. Det övre bildfältet bevarat med ett flätmönster och ett skepp med ett segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-700-talen. \n\nTolkning \nFlätmönstret kan kanske tolkas som en ontavvärjande symbol. \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "ship"
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"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "sail"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgCooWNd4Fw3SoD_Ej5waxEwATc8QR5J_ofWqJbvuSf6-Tw?e=lEUyGJ"
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"o:title": "GP 74 Endre skog"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2284",
"o:title": "GP 238 Lokrume Lauks"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2380",
"o:title": "GP 335 Rute Ala"
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],
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0083"
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"o:title": "GP 84 Fole St. Tollby",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/media/4018",
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{
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{
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{
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"@value": "GP 84 Fole St. Tollby"
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"@value": "GP0084"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
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"property_label": "Links",
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"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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"@value": "Fole Stora Tollby"
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"@value": "500m söder om St Tollby"
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "According to Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 44), the stone was discovered in a field about 500 m south of the farmstead St. Tollby, and kept next to the residential house in 1932, but transferred to Gotlands Museum in 1938. According to the 1927 inventory (ATA dnr 4031/27), it was found around 1926 while ploughing next to an old stone cobbled path. A photo of the stone taken by Ture Carlsson at the farmstead in 1927 (817:1a) as well as a photo taken by H. Faith-Ell in 1933 (1649:1, cf. Lindqvist 1941/42 II, fig. 42), both without secondary paint, are kept in ATA. "
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 10 cm thick. The obverse almost even, probably hewn, the narrow sides hewn at right angles to the obverse, with a chamfer between them. The reverse is unworked. The total height of the stone is 70 cm, above the base 57 cm, the height of the head is 13 cm, its width 49 cm, the width of the neck 35 cm, that of the base 46 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 44). The stone is completely preserved, including its root, which features a horizontal lower edge. The surface is much weathered, a bit rough and features fossil inclusions. "
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"@value": "49"
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"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
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"@value": "Lindqvist (1941/42 II, p. 44) notes that “[…] only indistinct remains are preserved of shallow lines belonging to the border, some traces of two horizontal lines and possibly of a rhombic pattern between them.” However, these remains are not visible on the photos and very difficult to verify. "
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as ʻdwarf stonesʼ with convex head and strongly pronounced corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns it to his Sojvidegruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 36–37), which is characterized by the shape described above and simple or no remaining decoration at all. Concerning shape, GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I) and GP 335 Rute Ala are notable parallels. "
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2153",
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"display_title": "GP 106 Gothem Bentebingels (I)",
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{
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2380",
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"url": "/s/index/item/2380",
"display_title": "GP 335 Rute Ala",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/cbaa7b84971f0b4a0c79edaf56b17d7a0b401af9.jpg",
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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],
"ai2:typeLindqvist": [
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
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"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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],
"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:references": [
{
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 I, fig. 42; II, p. 44. "
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"ai2:fornsokID": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1977:6255"
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"ai2:raaID": [
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Fole 111:1"
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"ai2:slID": [
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Fole, St. Tollby"
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"ai2:gotlandsmuseumID": [
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"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC9018"
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],
"ai2:model3D": [
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"property_label": "3D model",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4617",
"value_resource_id": 4617,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4617",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0084",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0084_RGB.nxz",
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"ai2:jpID": [
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"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
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"@value": "58"
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"ai2:limestoneType": [
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"property_label": "Limestone Type",
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"@value": "crinoid limestone"
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"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
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"property_label": "Geological Group",
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"@value": "Slite Group (100%)"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1927 vid plöjning av en åker omkring 500 meter söder om gården Stora Tollby. Stenen lämnades till Gotlands museum 1938. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museum, Visby, magasinet på Visborgsslätt \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten sten (period B), 70 cm hög och som bredast 49 cm. Bildstenen innehåller bara spår av kantdekoren. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 600-700-talen. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning. \n\nAA "
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6392235"
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"ai2:findLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Find Location (long)",
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"@value": "711633"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
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"@value": "6390259"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLon": [
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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"ai2:downloadPath": [
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"property_label": "Path to download",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "https://gotlandsmuseumse.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Bildstenar/IgAmjqCShoz1Q7YdnzxaK0hZAZMi1kjL9CzfqBDt8zPmHaI?e=KSp2i1"
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"@reverse": {
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2130",
"o:title": "GP 83 Fole kyrka"
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"o:title": "3D model for GP0084"
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"o-module-mapping:marker": [
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"@type": "o-module-mapping:Marker",
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"o:item": {
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"o:media": null,
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{
"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2139",
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"o:id": 2139,
"o:is_public": true,
"o:owner": {
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"o:id": 1
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"o:resource_class": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_classes/32",
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"o:resource_template": {
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resource_templates/2",
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"o:thumbnail": null,
"o:title": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds",
"thumbnail_display_urls": {
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"o:created": {
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"o:modified": {
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"o:primary_media": null,
"o:media": [],
"o:item_set": [],
"o:site": [
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"o:id": 2
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],
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"property_id": 1,
"property_label": "Title",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP 92 Gammelgarn Rommunds"
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],
"dcterms:identifier": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 10,
"property_label": "Identifier",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GP0092"
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],
"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
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"ai2:ksamsok": [
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"property_id": 346,
"property_label": "K-Samsök",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "\thttp://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/lamning/b6274f14-a21f-4355-abc3-4442d607c846",
"o:label": "K-Samsök"
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"ai2:findLocation": [
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "An agricultural field belonging to the farm ʻRommundsʼ in Gammelgarn parish (Rommunds 1:13; RAÄ Gammelgarn 123:2). The place is located circa 0.50 km east-northeast of Gammelgarn church. "
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],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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],
"ai2:findLocationParish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gammelgarn"
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"ai2:findingPlaceName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gammelgarn Rommunds 1:13"
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],
"ai2:findLocationContext": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Återfunna vid jordbruksarbete på Rommunds 1:13 vintern 1969"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationClassification": [
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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],
"ai2:presentLocationName": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Gotlands Museum"
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],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "In 1969, two small picture stone fragments (a larger one and a quite small piece) were found during agricultural work on a field at Rommunds gård, owned by the farmer Kjell Klintström. The finds were reported to Gotlands Museum 1969-11-24, and one day after that, the spot was inspected archaeologically, whereby a third fragment of the picture stone (approximately as large as the larger one of the two previously found stones) could be detected, only 0.20 m beneath the surface. During the inspection of the find spot, a pit filled with stones was observed as well and excavated shortly afterwards. The structure turned out to be a small stone circle with a capstone on top of it. Inside the pit, there were no grave goods or other finds than the remains of a small oval wooden box or casket. The capstone was located at a depth of about 0.15 m beneath the ground surface. All information about the find spot and its investigation are from a report by Waldemar Falck (Visby) to RAÄ (dnr. 413-2636-1998). In 1986, two stone cists containing burned human and animal bones as well as some grave goods dating to the Migration Period were excavated at the farm; as early as 1937, Mårten Stenberger investigated a well-equipped warrior’s grave from the same period, not far from the two cists, apparently belonging to the same grave field (Gerdin 1986a). "
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],
"ai2:measurementsMaterialAndCondition": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The two larger pieces are about 0.20 m wide and between 0.10 and 0.15 m high. Both fragments belong together and form the middle (or lower) part of a dwarf stone, the original lateral edges and thus the original width of which (0.39 m) are completely preserved. However, the lower and the upper edge are broken. The third piece is only about 0.10 x 0.05 m, with a single short line carved on it, and it cannot be assigned to a certain part of the monument. The stone’s thickness is about 0.07 m. The limestone slab is not very weathered; its decoration is well preserved and carved with remarkably deep and distinct lines. "
}
],
"ai2:dimensionsHeight": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "15"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "39"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "7"
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],
"ai2:material": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 301,
"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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],
"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The two larger fragments form a section of the stone’s middle or lower part, preserving its full width, including the ornamented borders on both sides and a rhombic pattern, which fills the field in between. The border pattern is quite coarse, a simple step pattern, which frequently occurs on Type B stones and could be regarded as a simplified braid pattern (Lindqvist calls it “vereinfachtes Schnurmuster”). Apparently, Lamm regards the rhombic pattern as the sail of a lost ship (“rutat segel”; Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 204 cat. no. 441; cf. Guber 2011, pp. 66–67), which, however, is not very likely as vessels with large rhombus-patterned sails do not occur on Type B stones otherwise. "
}
],
"ai2:interpretations": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
}
],
"ai2:typeAndDating": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@value": "The stone must have been quite small, less than 1.00 m high. The decoration and the size of the dwarf stone indicate a Type B picture stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The most striking parallel, regarding both the border decoration and the rhombic pattern in between, as well as the dimensions of the monument, is the Type B stone GP 354 Sjonhem Lilla Sojvide. It depicts a rhombic pattern which covers the entire lower field of the stone’s surface and a simplified vessel on its head, the corners of which are protruding at right angles to the main body. The stone from Lilla Sojvide belongs to Lindqvist’s so-called Sojvide group. Further good examples with similar ornamentation, shape, and size (but with a serpent and an interlace motif respectively, instead of a vessel) are GP 340 Sanda Sandegårda I and GP 193 Hellvi Ire III. The Type B dwarf stone GP 273 Norrlanda Bjärs depicts a rhombus-patterned lower field and a border with a (more complex) step pattern as well, with a simplified sailing ship in the head field; however, the monument features a different shape (almost semi-circular head with corners pointing downwards). "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lamm/Nylén 2003, p. 204 cat. no. 441; Guber 2011, p. 118 cat. no. 17. "
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"@value": "Gammelgarn 123:1"
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"type": "literal",
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"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen, i två delar, påträffades 1969 i en åker tillhörande gården Rommunds. Fyndplatsen är belägen cirka 500 m ostnordost om Gammelgarns kyrka. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDelar av en dvärgsten, med kantdekoration och ett rombiskt mönster (segel?) som fyller resten av stenen. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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"o:title": "GP 578 Alva änge"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2323",
"o:title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2"
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{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2319",
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{
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2239",
"o:title": "GP 193 Hellvi Ire III"
},
{
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/resources/2295",
"o:title": "GP 249 Lärbro Norder-Ire I"
}
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"ai2:modelVisualizes": [
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"@context": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api-context",
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"o:title": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens",
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"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
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"@value": "GP 93 Gammelgarn Högstens"
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Identifier",
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"@value": "GP0093"
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"ai2:urlLinks": [
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"type": "uri",
"property_id": 316,
"property_label": "Links",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "https://app.raa.se/open/arkivsok/results?arkiv_samling=Sune%20Lindqvist%20-%20Prim%C3%A4rmaterial%20Gotlands%20Bildsteine&searchtype=filter&page=0&pagesize=25",
"o:label": "ATA"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 280,
"property_label": "Find Location",
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"@value": "Re-used as building material in a stone enclosure belonging to the farm ʻHögstens gårdʼ, Gammelgarn parish. "
}
],
"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"type": "customvocab:7",
"property_id": 318,
"property_label": "Find Context Classification",
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"@value": "Private Property"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 293,
"property_label": "Parish Find Location",
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"@value": "Gammelgarn"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 292,
"property_label": "Finding Place Name",
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"@value": "Gammelgarn Högstens"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 291,
"property_label": "Find Context",
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"@value": "Fyndplats, Haugstens"
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"property_id": 332,
"property_label": "Present Location Classification",
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"@value": "Gotlands Museum Magasin Visborg"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 314,
"property_label": "Present Location Name",
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"@value": "Magasin Visborg"
}
],
"ai2:contextAndDiscovery": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 282,
"property_label": "Context and Discovery",
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"@value": "The stone is published in Lindqvist’s book; however, he is very brief about the find history. More background information is given in a report kept in the archive in Stockholm (ATA dnr 2897-1933): The picture stone fragment was found by Berta Hansson on the property of her father, Olof Hansson, who was the landowner of Högstens gård in Gammelgarn parish. The stone had been incorporated into a stentun, a stone wall or enclosure, which separated two fields from each other (Betningsåker and Hemåker). The stone enclosure had been erected in the 1830s by Olof Hansson’s father. It is said that at this spot there had been a röse and some stone piles (stone settings?), which Olof’s father used as building material for the enclosure. After its discovery, the picture stone was moved to the farmstead and in 1933 donated to Gotlands Museum. "
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 283,
"property_label": "Measurements, Material and Condition",
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"@value": "“Limestone slab, 11.5 cm thick. The obverse hewn above the root, in the horizontal profile rather convex. The narrow sides convex and without chamfer towards the obverse, the reverse unworked. Height 71.5 cm, of which 32 cm are preserved above the root. Width at the basis 37 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 44). There are hardly any traces of weathering observable; the decoration is deeply carved and can be clearly seen. The root represents a massive clump-like ʻfootʼ, which is typical for Type B dwarf stones. "
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],
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 298,
"property_label": "Height",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "72"
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],
"ai2:dimensionsWidth": [
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"property_id": 299,
"property_label": "Width",
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"@value": "43"
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"ai2:dimensionsThickness": [
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"property_id": 300,
"property_label": "Thickness",
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"@value": "11"
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"ai2:material": [
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"property_label": "Material",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Limestone"
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"ai2:descriptionOfOrnamentAndImages": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "“Decoration with wide carved lines with rounded bottoms. Along the vertical edges, there are borders with a simplified ʻtwisted cordʼ pattern and double inner framing lines. At the very bottom of the image field, there are closely spaced, parallel zigzag lines, above, a hewn panel of 12 cm height that is limited at the top by an only partially visible zigzag line. It is likely that there were no images in this panel” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 44, 46). Whether the zigzag pattern on GP 143 Halla Broa I (and GP 146 Halla Broa VIII) represents the waves of the sea, remains uncertain. In both cases, the stone’s head is lost and no vessel preserved. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
"value_resource_id": 2189,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2189",
"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 284,
"property_label": "Description of Ornament and Images",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"value_resource_id": 2192,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2192",
"display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg",
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"ai2:interpretations": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No interpretation"
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"ai2:typeAndDating": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "The size and the massive root of the small monument clearly indicate a middle-type picture stone, which means a Type B dwarf stone, dating to between AD 500 and 700. Simplified interlace (twisted cord patterns), looking like a primitive step pattern, occur frequently on Type B stones. A good example, as the twisted cord is raised here as well, is provided by GP 329 Roma klosterruinen, which Lindqvist assigns to his ʻStenstu groupʼ. A zigzag ornamentation comparable to the horizontal border decoration on the stone from Högstens can be seen on GP 143 Halla Broa I, which, accordig to Lindqvist, belongs to the ʻStenstu groupʼ as well. The best match, however, depicting both the horizontal zigzag border and the simplified interlace is represented by the fragment GP 146 Halla Broa VIII. "
},
{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2374",
"value_resource_id": 2374,
"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 329 Roma klosterruin",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/25d5cff76354c57161be87c0368adbd0864d9a45.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0329O.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "resource",
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"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2189",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 143 Halla Broa I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b8f8b764541b077e9d0c46f0f59d21fa731d786.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0143.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2192",
"value_resource_id": 2192,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2192",
"display_title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1c2d6985a0e89859db9e80115e113cfcc5fd5b63.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0146.jpg",
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"type": "customvocab:2",
"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "No"
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"ai2:references": [
{
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"property_label": "References",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, pp. 44, 46, fig. 346; Guber 2011, pp. 67, 117 cat. no. 16. "
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"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Gammelgarn, Högstens"
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"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "GFC8075"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4626",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4626",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0093",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0093_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "62"
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"ai2:limestoneType": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
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],
"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (40%)"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades i en stengärdsgård, som uppfördes på 1830-talet, för att skilja Hemåker från Betningsåker på Högstens gård. Enligt uppgifter fanns tidigare ett röse och några stensättningar på fyndplatsen. Efter fyndet fördes bildstenen till gården och donerades 1933 till Gotlands Fornsal. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands museums magasin, Visborgsslätt. \n\nBeskrivning \nDelar av en dvärgsten (typ B), 71.5 cm hög och 37 cm bred. Kantdekoration bevarad, men stenen har troligen inte innehållit någon bild. \n\nDatering \nDateringen kan inte anges närmare, men bildstenen tillhör perioden 500-700. \n\nTolkning \nIngen tolkning \n\nAA "
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],
"ai2:iconography": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "waves"
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"ai2:presentLocationCoordinatesLat": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 295,
"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (lat)",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "6390259"
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"property_label": "Coordinate Present Location (long)",
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"@value": "695514"
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"o:title": "GP 146 Halla Broa VIII"
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{
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"@value": "Häbbnautet – a meadow near Smiss gård (farmstead) in Garda socken. "
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"ai2:findLocationClassification": [
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"@value": "Agricultural Field"
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"@value": "Återfunnen tillsammans med Smiss II i en äng vid uppodling."
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"@value": "According to Pehr Arvid Säve’s “Gotländska Samlingar” II (1887), the stone was found in 1873, together with GP 103 Garda Smiss II, while cultivating a meadow called Häbbnautet in the vicinity of Smiss gård (towards Ansarve). During an investigation in 1978, however, the find place could not be verified (according to the RAÄ inventory book 1978-06-14). "
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"display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg",
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"@value": "The small picture stone is completely preserved, including its massive pedestal-like root. “Limestone slab, 7–10 cm thick above the root. Both broad sides above the root hewn and convex, as are the narrow sides. Wide chamfers that now generally are blurred by weathering appear to have divided the broad from the narrow sides. Overall height of the stone 98 cm, of which 69 cm are above the root. The width between the upper corners is 45 cm, in the middle of the body 33cm, at the base 40 cm” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47). The carved surface is well preserved. "
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"@value": "“The decoration, confined to one of the broad sides, is executed in rough lines of about 4 mm width, without carved relief. The border is framed by double lines, features a simplified twisted cord pattern ,and defines a field that is divided into two panels of differing sizes by a central horizontal band of identical decoration. The lower panel appears to be empty, while the upper one seems to have a water-bird – which probably had two legs, one in front of the other – and above that a watercraft with steep, towering stems and a schematised depiction of mast and sail (?)” (Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47). In addition, the drawing by Olof Sörling, which is the only picture of the stone reproduced by Lindqvist (ibid. fig. 354), depicts a steering oar at the left-hand side of the ship, which is currently not visible on the painted stone presented in the exhibition. Furthermore, in Sörling’s interpretation, one of the bird’s legs is not connected to its body and appears more like a tiny barrier towering from the ground. The current painting, however, depicts the second leg clearly. Photos of the unpainted stone as well as a photo of the tentatively painted monument taken in 1933 (1648:52) are kept in ATA (Run- och bildstenssamling). "
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"type": "literal",
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"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
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"@value": "There are at least ten Type B picture stones with images of single aquatic birds or antithetic pairs of waterfowl known so far (see IX). More information about the possible origin of this motif in Christian iconography and its interpretation in a pre-Christian Scandinavian context, in particular with regard to eschatological beliefs and ideas of the afterlife journey, see GP 276 När Rikvide I. Regarding Christian influence on the imagery of ʻAbschnittʼ B see also GP 551 Väskinde Butter and GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes. "
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 551 Väskinde Butter",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/57e158245e1d986790d9dc9f6dde9ca09c6e4e1d.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0551.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "resource",
"property_id": 285,
"property_label": "Interpretation of the Imagery",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
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"@value": "Middle-type picture stone, i.e., Type B according to Lindqvist, dating to between AD 500 and 700. The stone belongs to those Type B stones described by Lindqvist (1941/42 I, pp. 38–39) as dwarf stones with convex (in this case almost ogival) head and corners protruding horizontally. Lindqvist assigns Garda Smiss I to his so-called Stenstugruppe (1941/42 I, pp. 37–38), which in particular is characterized by depictions of aquatic birds in the lower and a simple vessel (i.e., ships of the Rikvidetyp – ibid. I, p. 66) in the upper field of the stone. These monuments are frequently decorated on both sides. Lindqvist considers them to have been placed pairwise on graves. The currently known Type B monuments featuring single or pairs of aquatic birds are the following: GP 142 Halla Broa VII, GP 165 Halla Broa XVII, GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu, GP 276 När Rikvide I, GP 277 När Rikvide 2, GP 10 Alva St. Ringome, GP 96 Garda Smiss I, GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes, GP 200 Hemse Lindvide, and the Type B dwarf stone found in Grobin, Latvia (Petrenko 1991; Lamm 1991; Lamm/Nylén 2003, pp. 210–211). \n\nAccording to Martin Rundkvist’s (2012, p. 159) typology, the stone’s shape represents Type dwarf3, belonging to his period 3, which he dates to the Middle Vendel Period. Varenius (1992, appendix 2) assigns the ship depiction on Garda Smiss I to his group 2 (enkel rigg), which he dates to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries. "
},
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2188",
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"display_title": "GP 142 Halla Broa VII",
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"thumbnail_title": "GP0142.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2211",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
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"display_title": "GP 165 Halla Broa XVII",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/6cfb6a1cb1b3bf057cb5b3b11772938897010fa4.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0165.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2175",
"value_resource_id": 2175,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2175",
"display_title": "GP 129 Hablingbo Stenstu",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/7bc24655edcb7c1e6d00e73d8f868acb2c0314d2.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0129.jpg",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2322",
"value_resource_id": 2322,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2322",
"display_title": "GP 276 När Rikvide (I)",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/1b5b3c485c44b0e4adee3bf9827f4d66c0d35674.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0276.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2323",
"value_resource_id": 2323,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2323",
"display_title": "GP 277 När Rikvide 2",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/e7d811ccb7e8a8044763bfc789347029863ff646.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0277.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
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"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2057",
"value_resource_id": 2057,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2057",
"display_title": "GP 10 Alva St. Ringome",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/728633d0bd843878836a149ce6061363699dc9fa.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GF_Alva_foto_kyrka_prästgård_allmänt_gårdar_A-Ö_Ringome.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2143",
"value_resource_id": 2143,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2143",
"display_title": "GP 96 Garda Smiss I",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/9fc3378f5668f1b59f2a0b1a8ce936c678bb642e.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
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"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2320",
"value_resource_id": 2320,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2320",
"display_title": "GP 274 Norrlanda Bringes",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/0e0add5767c325a39f10c38fe512d6ea8d2f234b.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0274.jpg",
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 287,
"property_label": "Type and Dating",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2246",
"value_resource_id": 2246,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2246",
"display_title": "GP 200 Hemse Lindvide"
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"type": "customvocab:3",
"property_id": 305,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Shape",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Dwarf stone"
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"property_id": 303,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "B (ca. 500-700)"
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"ai2:runicInscriptionYesNo": [
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"type": "customvocab:5",
"property_id": 317,
"property_label": "Runic Inscription or not",
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"@value": "No"
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"property_label": "References",
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"@value": "Lindqvist 1941/42 II, p. 47, fig. 354; Böhner 1968, pp. 188–189; Varenius 1992, p. 62, fig. 19; Guber 2011, p. 119 cat. no. 19; Oehrl 2019a, p. 168. "
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"property_id": 310,
"property_label": "Fornsök ID",
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"@value": "L1976:2922"
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"property_label": "RAÄ ID",
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"@value": "Garde 19:2"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 328,
"property_label": "Lindqvist Title",
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"@value": "Garda, Smiss I"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 312,
"property_label": "Gotlands Museum ID",
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"@value": "GFA1984"
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"ai2:model3D": [
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"type": "resource:item",
"property_id": 344,
"property_label": "3D model",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/4629",
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"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/4629",
"display_title": "3D model for GP0096",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/application/asset/thumbnails/default.png",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0096_RGB.nxz",
"thumbnail_type": "application/octet-stream"
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"ai2:jpID": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 308,
"property_label": "Jan Peder Lamm ID",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "69"
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],
"ai2:limestoneType": [
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 325,
"property_label": "Limestone Type",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "crinoid limestone"
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"ai2:geologicalGroup": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 326,
"property_label": "Geological Group",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Klinteberg Formation (40%)"
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"ai2:summarySwedish": [
{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "Fyndplats \nBildstenen påträffades 1873 vid uppodling av ängen Häbbnautet i närheten av gården Smiss. Stenen påträffades tillsammans med GP 103 Garda Smiss II. \n\nNuvarande lokalisering \nGotlands Museum, bildstenshallen. \n\nBeskrivning \nHelt bevarad liten bildsten (period B), 98 cm hög och som bredast 69 cm. Stenen består av två bildfält, det nedre är tomt, medan det övre omfattar en sjöfågel och delar av ett skepp med mast och segel. \n\nDatering \nKan inte dateras med säkerhet, tillhör perioden 500-600-talen. \n\nTolkning \nSjöfågeln kan möjligen knytas till en kristen kontinental ikonografi. \n\nAA "
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{
"type": "resource",
"property_id": 327,
"property_label": "Swedish Summary",
"is_public": true,
"@id": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/api/items/2150",
"value_resource_id": 2150,
"value_resource_name": "items",
"url": "/s/index/item/2150",
"display_title": "GP 103 Garda Smiss II",
"thumbnail_url": "http://gotlandicpicturestones.se/files/square/f7e543b80cc7a85e1ca3d476fbc7deee78b2b9a8.jpg",
"thumbnail_title": "GP0103.jpg",
"thumbnail_type": "image/jpeg"
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"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
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"@value": "legs"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "mast"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "sail"
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{
"type": "literal",
"property_id": 324,
"property_label": "Iconographic Keywords",
"is_public": true,
"@value": "oar"
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{
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